Earticle

With the increasing acceleration of updating rate for mobile phones in China, the processing procedure of cell phones has aroused a problem for the whole society. Meantime, environmental pollution and waste of resources result from improper processing approaches of such products. In this paper, the processing modes and corresponding reverse logistics network are analyzed scientifically and completely in terms of recycling by the third party reverse logistics enterprises. Then, a mathematical programming model is proposed in the case of multi-varieties phones and stochastic circumstances to handle the problem of node arrangement and facility location, which taking both cost objective and environment objective into consideration. To combat the model, we design a hybrid intelligent algorithm consisting of genetic algorithm, stochastic simulation and linear programming. Finally a numerical example validates the feasibility of the model and sensitivity analysis is conducted to illustrate its reliability. Such method can be treated as a practice guideline and some suggestions regarding the layout construction are put forward in the end.

Medical tourism is a tourism activity along with medical treatment and recuperation, and its’ cost is relatively less compared to that undeveloped countries. Also, medical tourism has shown a meteoric rise in Asian country, where there are a large number of tourism and recreational facilities and an advanced level of medical services. From the demographic aspect, China is an important market in this area since it is geographically close to South Korea. Therefore, this study attempted to assess the awareness regarding medical tourism among Chinese subjects. A self-administered questionnaire survey targeting the employees in their 20s and 30s who worked for a local Chinese company was performed in this study. A questionnaire was written in Korean initially, and then it was translated into Chinese by an employee who spoke both Chinese and Korean. One hundred thirty copies of the questionnaire were distributed, and it took approximately two weeks to collect the data. Among them, only the results of questionnaires completed by 121 participants were analyzed as they understood the purpose of the study and agreed to participate in this study. On analyzing the questionnaires by using SPSS19.0 Win program, it was confirmed that the participants included 39 males (32.2%) and 82 females (67.8%) who were young people. Also, 79 participants (65.3%) were in their 20s and 42 participants (34.7%) were in their 30s. On analyzing the most preferred country as a medical tourism destination, 38 females (40.9%) responded that they would prefer to visit South Korea the most whereas 19males (38.8%) replied that Japan was their most preferred country. Also, ‘safety’ was considered the most important factor when choosing the country for medical tourism. Besides, on analysis with the t-test regarding desired countries for medical tourism, a difference was observed between genders.

Enterprise risk management (ERM) has raised increasing concern in the field of risk management, and brought practical revenues to enterprises in today’s complex interrelated global business environment. It is a valuable question for China enterprises how to improve the ERM performance. Based upon ERM implemental goals published by COSO, we user elevant data from non-financial listed corporations in SSE, from the perspectives of strategic effectiveness, operational efficiency, reporting reliability and corporate compliance. The data of 509 Chinese enterprises is validly interpreted by entropy weight/TOPSIS method to assess the ERM performance, and to analyze the status of ERM in China. Such models provide means quantitatively improve decision making with respect to the ERM performance.

In recent years, the world tourism is developing rapidly. The world tourism firstly hit 1 billion in 2012. Along with the tourism booming, complaint cases are growing and tourists' satisfaction degree is dropping. In this case, to ensure the interests of tourists and keep sustainable development of tourism, the tourists' satisfaction should be evaluated and the Scenic should be improved based on the evaluation result. In this paper, a new tourist satisfaction evaluation method is proposed based on fuzzy clustering. Firstly, the large scale evaluation data is divided to parts by the fuzzy clustering method. Then, each center of the parts is chosen to evaluate the tourist satisfaction. The new evaluation method is different from the traditional methods. It can effectively cut the evaluation scale. Finally, the tourist satisfaction of Three Gorges Scenic is studied to interpret the new evaluation method.

The research infrastructure project of ICT devices industry reliability is aimed to secure and establish the reliability of ICT devices industry, reinforce the competitiveness of domestic ICT device companies and expand their growth power. To improve the quality of domestic ICT devices and help excellent domestic devices land on foreign markets, it is required to secure expensive testing environment for the provision of test evaluation services and the governmental support environment for the development of test technology and test evaluation service. These days it is necessary to enhance and expand test evaluation services for the domestic ICT devices developed by small and medium-sized companies (SMCs) such as benchmark test, certification test, performance verification test, delivery test, and the development assistances that are needed for domestic ICT devices SMCs to enter into the global market. The purpose of this study is to implement the feasibility analysis on this project. Therefore this study is using this AHP method which has established specific analysis processes and can quickly confirm the validity of analysis results for calculating the weights of the evaluation criteria. And in this study the comprehensive score by AHP analysis results is 0.861 and it shows that the implementation of this project is feasible.

Today distributed server systems have been widely used in many areas because they enhance the computing power while being cost-effective and more efficient. Meanwhile, efficient multi-scheduling schemes are employed to optimize the task assignment process. This paper closely explored the performance of multi-scheduling schemes through computer simulation. The research was started regarding the simulation of a novel scheduling policy (Task Assignment by Guessing Size) associated with other two previous task assignment policies (Random and JSQ). The multi-scheduling schemes involve two types: Random-TAGS scheme and JSQ-TAGS scheme. To facilitate the performance, computer simulation is applied to perform the statistical measurements. The findings were, indeed, very interesting, showing that the multi-scheduling scheme obtains better performance than single scheduling strategy scheme under heavy-tail distributed computing environment. Furthermore, JSQ-TAGS scheme is more efficient and stable in contrast to Random-TAGS scheme. The paper finally concludes by summarizing the findings from the simulation and suggesting a wider study be undertaking, in order to explore the performance of multi-scheduling schemes in more depth.

A narrative, which shows the change in a mental state of a character depending on the flow of the film, forms film music and can be expressed using characteristic elements of minimal music. This paper is focused on the depression of the four major characters in the film, 『The Hours』, caused by psychological oppression in human relationships and the mental state, which causes a conflict in the boundary between life and death. This narrative creates hemiola with a polyrhythmic structure, repeated rhythm patterns and fixed patterns using the eighth note, and is used in the character ways when a character has a depression symptom and commits suicide. Throughout the relationship, the elements of minimal music enable psychological films to express and describe images in a more effective way with details.

With the rapid development of digital libraries, name disambiguation becomes more and more important technique to distinguish authors with same names from physical persons. Many algorithms have been developed to accomplish the task. However, they are usually based on some restricted preconditions and rarely concern how to be incorporated into a practical application. In this paper, name disambiguation is regarded as the technique of learning module integrated with a knowledge base. A network is defined for the modeling of publication information, which facilitates the representation of differenttypes of relations among the attributes. The knowledge base component serves as the user interface for domain knowledge input. Furthermore, this paper exploits a random walk with restart algorithm and affinity propagation clustering algorithm to finally output name disambiguation results.

This study focuses on visualizing service by service design tools and PCN diagram in process innovation. Firstly, theoretical backgrounds of the phenomena will be reviewed for a better understanding how innovation is perceived in the fields of Operations Management and Service Management. Such discussion clarifies fundamental concepts of innovation, emphasizes essentials of service innovation, and gives base for future SOM research. Then, drawing from the literatures of service operations management (SOM) and innovation, a service innovation case of IKEA, Gwangmyeong in Korea, is analyzed in order to determine how both service design tools and PCN diagram can be used. The overall methodology is employed with a grounded analysis approach and an interpretative alternative. The study finds both approaches as a decision support tool and diagnostic model for assessing inputs, evaluating outputs, allocating resources, and improving success rate of service innovations in SOM.

In order to know various factors affecting agricultural development in Shandong Province, this paper uses system dynamics model, modeling on agricultural output system in Shandong Province .It analyses how population growth, household consumption, the existing agricultural resources as well as GDP of Shandong Province affect the agricultural output, and uses Vensim software to make algorithm implemented. It analyses the effects of changed factors on agricultural output, and helps for government to make the agricultural development policy.

Marketing and Distribution Integrated System is based on GIS systems, and a unified information model of power grid equipment, basic data and topology-based systems, the use of high-tech information technology, application management and distribution line losses quarter field of network construction planning, customer outage management and other integrated information platform. Energy management system implementation ultimate goal is to achieve through intelligent system integration of existing systems be saving energy consumption and improved. In automation technology and IT based on the establishment of energy management systems, based on objective data, metallurgical, chemical, thermal, power plants and other energy consuming enterprises, energy saving most fundamental way to implement. The foundation and core of this system is that the data distribution network GIS platform, integrated measurement automation, distribution network of production, distribution network planning, distribution network automation, distribution network engineering, marketing and other systems supporting the management and reliability of power supply and distribution network planning decisions Camp with information query formulated meter reading routes and other services.

In this paper a low-power pulse-triggered structure and a modified true single latch structure based on a signal feed-through scheme is designed in TSMC CMOS 180 nm technology. The Pulse triggered flip-flop (P-FF) solves the problem of long discharging path and achieves better speed and power performance. The pre and post lay-out simulations has been done using Cadence tool, the performance analysis on power-delay-product metrics are obtained through simulation and finally a 4-bit RAM is designed by using P-FF and then the implementation has been done on SOC 11.10 technology.

To solve a state transfer matrix using a Markov model, an improved genetic algorithm approach is proposed. A Markov prediction model is employed to study structures in the SME technical efficiency and scale gains calculation method. The obtained results are compared to the data shown in the China Statistical Yearbooks. It is found that our proposed genetic algorithm approach provides references for optimizing an agriculture SME industrial structure and hence improves the prediction precision.

This study aims to measure the transition probabilities between marital states by employment status, using the transition matrix of a Markov chain. The data are derived from the Resident Registration System, Population Census, and Vital Registration System. It is found that for not only men but also women, the employment plays an important role to expedite the transition from the single state, the widowed state, or the divorced state to the married state, specifically in childbearing ages. The employment also plays a role to prevent the divorce. It can be strongly suggested from such results that job opportunities and job security should be strengthened to foster the early marriage and thereby the pro-natality.

Green supply chain which aims at utilizing industrial waste is an effective form of circular economy and practical response to Chinese government’s call for establishment of conservation-oriented society. However, how to coordinate interests of members in green supply chain is a tricky but key problem for the smooth operation of green supply chain. Based on a multi-stage dynamic game model of green supply chain, this paper explores the interest relationship between government and manufacturers, that among manufacturers and that between manufacturers and retailers. Furthermore, this paper `proposes measures and conditions to ensure effective operation of green supply chain and intends to offer references for product pricing of green supply chain, coordination of members of green supply chain as well as governmental environment policy formulation.

The object of this research is to outline policy priorities through AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) analysis that can upgrade the online service systems for business. This study categorized policy factors for G4B development into three different groups, such as system improvement, service improvement, and policy improvement. The results showed that “G4B policy improvement” was considered the most important assignment, while “G4B service improvement” was considered to have the highest priority in terms of urgency. From the result of analysis, this study proposed several policies such as the development of new services, a link between similar business platforms, the policy coordination, and the reorganization of the promotion system.

Based on the alternating group strategies, a new high accurate Alternating Group 8-point scheme (AG-8p) for the diffusion problem is presented. The scheme is proved to be unconditionally stable. In numerical experiments, we compare the AG-8p scheme with the AGE and the ASC-N schemes. Finally, numerical results show that the AG-8p scheme has high accuracy.

This study will investigate the development directions and tasks of employment centers based on the problems and causes that have been identified previous studies and give policy insights that will help to accelerate employment among job hunters including the most vulnerable groups, such as young people, women, the aged, and the disabled. This study roughly suggests improving four elements in order to expand employment service functions both public and private and to stimulate the execution of effective government policies. First, it is necessary to expand private employment services and introduce competition to improve the quality of employment services. Second, it is necessary to connect employment and welfare and provide one-stop service. Third, the government must allocate budgets for long-term employment services to face the global economic crises. Fourth, it is necessary to develop a channel that supplies the right workers to medium and small-sized enterprises at the right time, and also global capabilities should be reinforced to respond to the transfer of global manpower, finding and supplying capable persons at both the local and national levels. Additionally, establishing public temporary agencies must first be considered for social services.

Large-scale helicopter group is an important part of the Air Combating System of Systems (ACSoS).How to plan the scale of helicopter group and achieve the best operational effectiveness is a focus of the ACSoS capability requirement analysis. Based on the macro-micro characteristic of the system of systems and the individual system, Air Combating combat models are divided into three types separately in macro and micro perspective. A UML/MM modeling method for Air Combating combat is proposed and the models are built in UML and mathematic method (MM) respectively. In addition, an Air Combating combat simulation system is developed and thirteen simulation plans of different scale values are designed as the inputs of the system .The optimal scale value of helicopter group under the certain scenario is gained through the analysis of the effectiveness based on the simulation results. In this scale condition, the ACSoS achieves its optimal survival and time effectiveness.

The purpose of this study is to examine the structural relationship among self-efficacy, social influence, effort expectancy, performance expectancy, and behavioral intention of mobile learning, which is based on the extended technology acceptance model. We performed a study to determine the impacts that social influence, performance expectancy, and effort expectancy have on behavioral intention of mobile learning through self-efficacy. Appropriate measures were developed and tested on 226 university students of Gyeongnam province in South Korea with a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The path relationship of the research model was analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM) using AMOS 18.0. The results revealed that firstly, self-efficacy has positive effects on performance expectancy, social influence, and effort expectancy. Second, social influence has positive effects on performance expectancy, behavioral intention, and effort expectancy. Third, effort expectancy has positive effects on performance expectancy and behavioral intention. Fourth, performance expectancy has a positive effect on behavioral intention. Managers of mobile learning should focus on self-efficacy to enhance behavioral intention.

Based on the diversity, complexity and uncertainty of the fault information of complex mechanical equipment, this paper conducts extension analysis about the failure diagnosis for complex mechanical equipment and provides the extension model. This model carries out knowledge modeling about the failure diagnosis information based on matter element model, acquires the weight of different kinds of fault by grey correlation analysis, and establishes extensible dependence between different features of failure diagnosis according to extension data. Analysis of different fault information is conducted by identifying the type of faults based on extensible dependence. At last, the model and algorithm are testified through design examples.

To verify the effects of technology information sharing between Korean parent firms and their foreign subsidiaries on the latter's technology development capability, technology introduction capability, and technology innovation performance, the study proposes a research model and provides a survey of 195 foreign subsidiaries in the manufacturing sector. Data was analyzed using a structural equation model. The effects of technology development capability were empirically verified through mediating effects of technology introduction capability and technology innovation performance with Sobel test. According to the results, technology information sharing between Korean parent firms and their foreign subsidiaries had a significant effect on the latter's technology development capability, technology introduction capability, and technology innovation performance. The results have practically important implications for firms interested in strengthening the competitiveness of manufacturing subsidiaries and suggest fundamental data for prioritizing strategic decision making on increasing their technology capability by verifying the mediating effect of technology development capability.

The purposes of this study were to examine how project-based learning is practiced in different classrooms and how students react to the team-project based learning. This study focused on three different classes which were taught by different instructors. In order to examine how project-based learning is practiced, interviews were conducted with the instructors, asking them how they apply the instructional method to their classes. In addition, surveys were conducted with the students who participated in the team-projects based classes, exploring how students manage the team activities. Guideless for the ways of practicing successful project-based classrooms are suggested based on the study results.

The complex equipment design scheme assimilability is affected by many factors. The analyzing process of it is both qualitative and quantitative. The process is fuzzy and qualitatively uncertain. For the purpose of objectively analyzing the complex equipment design scheme assimilability, an optimization model of complex equipment scheme assimilability based on extension superiority is proposed in this paper. The model first analyzes the influential factors of assimilability, establishing an optimal index system to standardize different types of optimal indexes and construct ideal extension fields of optimal indexes of assimilability based on extension theory. After that an extension correlation function model and an extension optimization model are constructed respectively based on extension positive fields and negative fields of assimilability optimal indexes. The size of extension optimization of assimilability optimal index of complex equipment design scheme helps acquire the optimal assembling scheme. The model is tested taking an assembling design scheme for a type of complex equipment as example.

Automatic Question Answering (QA) system aims an appropriate answer for a natural language question. There are several attempts to apply QA techniques to education field in terms of tutoring system. The ultimate goal of this paper is to discover reliable answer resources readily available knowledge in natural language within broad domains. To evaluate the usage of web open knowledge resources for QA in terms of educational purpose, we choose ‘quiz’ game as the target domain of television show. Based on experimental results of our QA system, we classified questions according to their clause structures and determined their complexity. We also analyzed correlation between question classes and answer knowledge resources.

Existing studies have presented a wide range of factors determining the quality of medical service. No studies tried integrating and classifying them in a systematic and concise way. This paper presents a conceptual framework for organizing various deter-minant factors into three hierarchical categories, and examines the categories’ influ-ences on a customer’s intention to purchase a medical service. Empirical analysis was done by using data from Chinese medical tourists in Korea. The role of an invasiveness of treatment is additionally explored as a moderating variable in order to examine the relative importance of influencing factors. Depending on the type of medical services to be purchased, an invasiveness of treatment will play a moderating role between the quality of medical service and customer’s purchase intention.

A modeling method which can predict the shelf life of various types of spare parts in a relatively short time is put forward in this article. At present, it is difficult to solve the problem of mass modeling because the shelf life prediction models for different kinds of spare parts are of great diversification. In this paper, the best fitting nonlinear variables are selected by Gram-Schmidt regression method, and the detailed steps of automatic modeling process are given, which have advantages of strong robustness and are easy in programming. Especially, it can eliminate the influence of multicollinearity among alternative models effectively. By using natural rubber heating elongation data, an example is taken to demonstrate the process of automatic modeling. The nonlinear regression models selected by automatic modeling process are consistent in Dakin equation, and the predict values of natural rubber shelf life are included in the storage period given by manufacturing plant.

O2O (Online to Offline) business model, a kind of new business model between online and offline channel, is put forward by some innovative enterprises. Supply chain decision under O2O business model completely changes price competition in traditional dual-channel supply chains. Operation strategies in O2O supply chains such as price discrimination and service free-riding have become important issues. When there exists different service level in O2O supply chain, the corresponding parameters such as retail price, sales quantity, service level and total supply chain profit in three supply chain channels (vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain, horizontal retailer’s O2O supply chain and partially vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain) are obtained and the corresponding performances are compared. The results show that the total supply chain profit in the vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain is highest and the service level in the partially vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain is highest. When there exists service competition in those three supply chains, the total supply chain profit in the horizontal retailer’s O2O supply chain is larger than that in the partially vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain. When there exists service free-riding, the total supply chain profit in the partially vertical manufacturer’s O2O supply chain is larger than that in the horizontal retailer’s O2O supply chain.

In this study the researcher uses firm-level information to perform a supply-side analysis of factors that determine audit revenues of accounting firms. In particular, the researcher considers how accounting firm ownership, firm status, accumulated human capital, the mix of audit and non-audit services provided by a firm, and the entrance of new firms to an accounting service market affecting audit revenues in a competitive industry setting. This research was conducted using data from the Korean accounting service market where recent regulatory intervention changed the market structure and new rules requiring public disclosure of financial statements by all accounting firms were instituted. The researcher documented that audit revenues decreased with the dispersion of firm ownership among professionals, increased with the level of accumulated human capital, were higher for established big firms with big N affiliation relative to both established local firms without Big N affiliation and new firms formed in the market restructuring. The researcher also found that audit revenues were lower for firms that sold more taxation services and management advisory services and that audit revenues declined in the period after the market restructuring first occurred.