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Extensive studies from American and some European stock markets have pointed out that venture capital (VC) has a constructive influence on sustainable developments of their invested companies. In this paper, RBF neural network, principal component analysis, and mean variance analysis are functional and well utilized to test the effects of VCs on enterprises' post-IPO performances in China. The empirical results indicate that venture capitals in China brought undesirable effects to both operating performance and market performance, but performed well in controlling harmful volatility. Therefore, we believe VC in China has a certain positive external but not internal influence on sustainable developments of their invested companies.

This study aims to focus on mutual savings banks in financial sector and explore different corporate performances and internal decision-making mechanism based on ownership structure. Especially, mutual savings banks have unique characteristics different from general corporations and financial institution. In this paper, we analyze deciding factors for management performance of mutual savings banks as financial corporations and, through this, to elucidate causes of their bankruptcy or ultimate failure. For case study, Hankook Savings Bank and Dongbu Savings Bank were selected as representative listed large saving banks with assets over 1 trillion won. This study also selected comparison group which can support indexes that caused insolvency of savings banks with assets of over 1 trillion won and investigated industry average and average of healthy and unhealthy savings banks. The results of case study and analysis on group cases in this study are as follows; Unhealthy savings banks tend to have higher asset ratio against capital than healthy ones and under the circumstances without risk management (system) and internal control system, moral hazard occurred by major stockholders who tried to take advantage of expanded asset for their own personal interests. In addition, lax laws and regulations on capital and ownership structure and relaxation policy on operation regulations produced vulnerable capital structure and abnormal asset structure.

Microfinance has entered the phase of rapid development and it has become one of the most important businesses in commercial banks. This study set up an evaluation system based on the balanced scorecard and used the fuzzy-rough set approach to evaluate the microfinance performance. Firstly, this study designed the performance evaluation system from five dimensions according to the principals of balanced scorecard. It needs an objective and scientific method to allocate the weight of indicators of bank's microfinance evaluation system. How to overcome the fuzziness problem and lack of objectivity becomes the point of the research. Then this study used the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method which is based on the rough set to determine the weight of indicators. Finally this study made an empirical study by using above method and got the fuzzy evaluation results. The effectiveness and practicability of the method were verified by the empirical results.

This paper documents whether a firm's operational efficiency is affected by its business strategy and firm life cycle stage. The sample comprises manufacturing firms listed on the Korean Stock Exchange over the period 2002-2012. The operational efficiency includes the aggregate and technical efficiencies. Empirical results are summarized as follows. First, for our pooled sample, the means of the aggregate and technical efficiency scores are 0.772, and 0.791, respectively, implying that sample firms have a significant level of inefficiency and still have room for improvement. Second, we find that firms in the maturity stage of life cycle are more efficient than are firms in the other stages, and that differentiators are more operationally efficient than cost leaders in the Korean manufacturing sector. This evidence implies that firms in the maturity stage and pursuing differentiation strategy are statistically associated with higher operational efficiency. Results of this study may provide manufacturing firms with practical guideline as to which factors should be emphasized to improve operational efficiency.

Pharmaceutical logistics is closely linked to national economy and people's livelihood. As the national medicine circulation industry development outline (2011-2015) and the new Good Supply Practice’s (GSP) promulgation and implementation in China, Beijing’s pharmaceutical logistics is facing great challenge. Analyzing the current pharmaceutical logistics service capability and predicting the future medical service demand can help us responding to future changes. In this paper, we have predicted the population of Beijing, analyzing medicine consumption per capita, predicting the demand of pallet spaces of Beijing’s pharmaceutical logistics in the future by using the Crystal Ball. We have come to the conclusion: the current storage capability of pharmaceutical logistics enterprises in Beijing can meet 77% demand. In 2020, pharmaceutical logistics enterprises in Beijing require 54, 7700 pallets for storage space, increasing 9,7700 pallets for warehouse to store medicine. We also find that the population has less influence on forecasting model. The logistics technology improvement will cause forecasting model unsuitable for future situation.

Automotive service enterprise location is an interesting and important issue in the logistic field. In practice, some factors of its facility location allocation (FLA) problem, i.e., customer demands, allocations, even locations of customers and facilities, are usually changing, and thus FLA problem features with uncertainty. To account for this uncertainty, some researchers have addressed the fuzzy time and cost issues for locating an automotive service enterprise. However, a decision-maker hopes to minimize the transportation time of customers meanwhile minimizing their transportation cost when locating a facility. Also, they prefer to arrive at the destination within the specific time and cost. To handle this issue via a more practical manner, by taking the vehicle inspection station as a typical automotive service enterprise example, this work presents a fuzzy multi-objective expected value optimization approach to address it. Moreover, some region constraints can greatly influence FLA and travel velocity is also an uncertain variable due to the influence of some unpredictable factors in the location process. To do so, this work builds two practical fuzzy multi-objectives programming models of its location with regional constraints, fuzzy inspection demand, and varying velocity. A hybrid algorithm integrating fuzzy simulation, neural networks (NN), and Genetic Algorithms (GA), namely a random weight based multi-objective NN-GA, is proposed to solve the proposed models. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed models and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

The current research of university knowledge transfer in the tide of globalization is summarized. A mathematical model of transnational knowledge transfer between universities is constructed based on economic analysis method. Extreme value calculation for differential equations and equilibrium value concept are employed to prove that higher participation rate of domestic institutions in knowledge innovation will lead to greater efforts in personal knowledge innovation.

Because a supply chain consists of various enterprises, the sustainability of the chain should be granted, but a supply chain is being exposed to various risks. If the chain cannot respond effectively to the occurring risk, the chain could be damaged by the risk. The sustainability of an enterprise depends on effort that prevents a risk which does not occur and an effort that mitigates the impact of a risk which occurs. If a supply chain does not effectively control the preventable risks which give warning to a corporation and then the risks of the supply chain occur in practice. This paper, therefore, proposes a method which determines the priority of risks which encompass that a preventable risk which may occur and a resulting risk which occurs. The method obtains an opinion from the risk decision makers and proposes the risk priority using a grey-based risk decision making model to decrease the impact of risks in a supply chain.

Though servitization is hot in theory and practice, empirical research on the relationship between servitization and business performance is limited. Furthermore, existing empirical studies yield mixed results which constrains the development of servitization. Different from most servitization researches focusing on the service business, this empirical research, based on an international large-scale survey database-International Manufacturing Strategy Survey (IMSS), investigates the servitization improvements from the strategic fit perspective. “Service extension, service skill improvement and product design modification”, three improvement actions directly related to service business, are investigated. The results show that the strategic fit of “service extension” and “service skill improvement” significantly influence the business performance. The findings highlight the importance of the strategic fit of servitization improvements, reveal the conditions when servitization will enhance the business performance, and offer guidelines on the implementation of servitization.

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) issues have received attention of consumer, communities and policy makert due to importance of CSR. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of CSR (ethical, environmental and well-being CSR) on customer loyalty through brand image and customer trust as well as moderating effect of authenticity. The study proposes that CSR has a positive impact on brand image and customer trust, which influence customer loyalty as well. In addition, the result shows that the moderating effect of authenticity is sinificant. Therefore, this study highlights the importance of managing CSR for corporate that intends to enhance customer loyalty. Fast food firms must consider how authentic CSR activities in connection with corporate goal are effective and strategic in the era of rising share value.

According to backward technology, tedious process, failure orders and goods queuing of traditional tobacco enterprise logistics center, the process optimization methods is proposed by application of RFID technology. Firstly, actual operating environment of Harbin Tobacco Company (Abbr. HTC) logistics center in China is used as background to analyze the problems existing in the process through investigation. Secondly, the logistics center simulation model is established by using Flexsim simulation technology in order to find out the cause of the problems of logistics center operation process. Finally, operation process of logistics center is optimized. The result shows that the operating efficiency of logistics center has increased by 22.4%. It proves that the effect of this kind of research method for the optimization of tobacco logistics center process is remarkable and it provides a new way of thinking to implement RFID technology in the logistics center of this industry.

The development of supply chain always is the focus in the theory and practical study. Coordination mechanism which can improve competition of whole supply chain has become new management mind and strategy. This paper introduces coordination mechanism in green supply chain to adapt rapidly changing of technology and environment. Because of the difficulty of expressing the decision maker’s preferences accurately, intuitionistic fuzzy set is introduced to help us construct coordination mechanism of green supply chain. With attribute weights, we propose an operator and score function to evaluate the performance of this coordination mechanism, which is a critical step of the development of green supply chain. Finally, a case study is demonstrated to verify the reliability and applicability of the proposed method.

Consumers, nowadays, keep their eyes not only on what companies are selling, but also on what companies are doing for the society where the customers are sharing their lives. With these changes of customers’ point of view, companies couldn’t help but develop various strategies to attract customers. Thus, retailers are allocating great amount of budget under the name of a corporate social responsibility (CSR). The activities, however, do not reach the acceptable level in the consumers’ side, inevitably leading to unsatisfied results from intended CSR purposes. Many previous management theses have attempted to adopt CSR issues as their main research points in various academic areas. In most of the empirical studies, however, factors of CSR motivations and CSR activities have been single-dimensional, which couldn’t properly explain or examine the impact and influences of factors related to CSR motivations and activities [1]. Hereby, this study is aiming to identify measures in reasoning motivations and activities of corporate social responsibility contributing on consumers’ attitude formation, by overcoming the limitation of a single-dimensional factor research model that has been conducted in the previous studies.

Power line carrier communication, with the widespread application, broadband multi-input multi-output system will have a co-channel interference, the interference is in addition to asynchronous pulse noise and pulse cycle factors influencing the multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system's largest broadband power line carrier. Aiming at this problem, this paper, by using multiple input multiple output channel state information, the sender with the method of block diagonalization, eliminate the interference between the channel, so as to improve the capacity of broadband power line carrier system, at the same time reduce the bit error rate of the system. Through the simulation results and analysis can show that the proposed block diagonalization pre-coding method effectively eliminates the common channel interference, improve the drying ratio, thus improve the maximum mutual information of the system and reduce the bit error performance of the system.

We propose a multi-dimensional typology of business model based on information technology industry. In order to study the effect of business model on financial performance, we analyze public companies data of information technology industry by variance analysis method. The empirical results show that business model is the important influence factor of financial performance and business model has different effect on different aspect of financial performance. The final evaluation results show that the effect of business model has relation with its elements and some models have better financial performance than others.

Recently, the violation cases of cosmetics labeling or advertising have been increasing along with the market growth in S. Korea. It is reviewed the regulations of cosmetics labeling or advertising focusing on functional and organic cosmetics to find the problems of the enforcement of the related regulations and suggest the alternatives. Cosmetics labeling or advertising regardless of general, functional or organic ones is reviewed preliminarily by self-regulation and managed ex post facto by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. It is suggested that the labeling or advertising of functional and organic cosmetics should be regulated by in-depth process and the guidelines on cosmetics labeling or advertising established by the Ministry should be improved in their clarity.

Using jet propulsion, squid can swim at high speed or at low speed with good maneuverability, which makes them quiet valuable to be studied for biomimetic purposes. Vortex rings usually occur in the highly-unsteady jet flow in squid, and they play quite important roles in the jet propulsion of squid. This paper tries to investigate the squid jet structure by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. A simplified squid body model was established. The mantle motion during jet locomotion was explicitly included into the simulations by using a deforming mesh. By solving the 2D-axisymmetric, incompressible, laminar, unsteady Navier.Stokes equations, different vortex evolution behaviors were observed depending on different mantle contraction velocities and nozzle diameters. An important parameter, the formation number of the vortex rings, L/D, which decide the propulsive efficiency of jet propulsion directly, was also discussed in this paper. The numerical results show that adult squid propel themselves by long jet flows with a large formation number, L/D. The results also prove that smaller squid have larger relative funnel diameter. Interaction of vortex rings was simulated in two jet process, which might interpret squid increase their contraction frequencies with elevated swimming speed. To validate the force generated in the simulation, a bionc squid mantel jet propulsor is investigated and tested.

This paper attempts to identify the determinants affecting the success of the smart schooling system in Korea which is one of the leading countries across the world in terms of education through ICT, to prioritize the indicators necessary for the success of the smart schooling system in terms of weight, using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method, and to put forward policy implications for policymakers and practitioners involved in smart school and education policy. The AHP analysis shows that the indicator teacher’s commitment has the highest weight score, followed by attitudes towards e-learning and IT, implying that the individual involved in the activities of the smart schooling system should be regarded as more important than any other indicators.

In recent years, to protect the environment by the people all over the world has become a significant point. Green environment and sustainable development are always topic in human life. How to select an optimal green supplier is an important aspect of it. Combing with preference of the decision maker, an optimal green supplier may be obtained. Owing to the difficulty of acquiring the decision maker’s preferences accurately, hesitant fuzzy set is introduced to help us construct decision making matrix. Combining attribute weight and position weight, we propose a new operator and score function to evaluate the performance of several suppliers, which is a critical step of the selection of green supplier. Finally, a case study is demonstrated to verify the reliability and applicability of the proposed method.

The economic efficiency review of design, etc. (hereinafter, Value Engineering (VE)) is the work designed to use the minimum life-cycle cost (LCC) and review the economy and field adjustment feasibility of design contents by function and alternative measure to secure the necessary functions of facilities. To systematically and comprehensively manage the results of the design VE done by ordering agencies and to use such results for performing similar design works, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MOLIT) has constructed and is implementing the design VE system based on the Guidelines for the Review of Economy of Design, etc. (hereinafter, VE guidelines). The design VE system, however, is outdated because of the changes that were made in the input and management items when the VE guidelines were amended and because of the inappropriate function improvement since its construction. It currently requires the input of many unnecessary items, and the information is stored chiefly in the form of text, making it inappropriate to utilize the data for designing similar construction projects. This study proposes measures for the update of the design VE system to reflect the amendment of the VE guidelines, to simplify the unnecessary input functions, to boost the search function, and to provide diverse forms of statistics. These proposed update measures are expected to assess the comprehensive analysis of the design VE performance results, to share the design VE information with the ordering agencies and design firms so as to come up with effective alternative measures, to reduce construction project costs, and to improve the quality of construction projects.

With the continuous advancement of the data science and engineering, the combination of data analysis with other applications has been a trend. Data mining is in accordance with the established business goals from huge amounts of data to extract the effective potential and can be understood model of advanced treatment process. In this research paper, we conduct discussion on the execution of civil servants and professional ethics based on data analysis. Starting from the concept of data mining, this paper introduces the objects as the functions of data mining and mining process, mining algorithm combined with several kinds of common data mining, decision tree method, association rules method and neural network to its main ideas and improve the related description. We firstly review traditional data classification algorithms such as the Bayes classification algorithm to serve as the foundation. Later, we propose our method by using the modified SVM and deep neural network optimization. Then, we review the principles of civil servants and professional ethics with the combination of the prior discussion. The experimental result illustrates the feasibility and effectiveness of our method. We also discuss the future research plan in the final part.

Based on the Innovation Theory of Source(ITS), the main contents are two sides market models and platform strategy , combined with the current development of the traditional auto industry, the author first leads to the basic theory of ITS, and then combined with a ITS theory analysis of the current development of the automobile industry four issues facing the automotive industry by establishing the last major new ideas, build the automotive industry on both sides of the market model, to build Chinese auto industry ecosystem gradually explore these three parts to Chinese auto industry development strategy based on ITS theory.

ICT platform currently plays a role as a crossover point in business networking, and it enables collaborative consumption that both suppliers of resources and consumers are connected to through social capital. A support organization of tourism resources based on integrated ICT platform enables stable establishment of sharing economy systems. The integrated ICT platform for tourism resources helps build the educational system of tourism resources’ service operation to aid in sustainable management. The platform contributes to the development of a profit-making tourism business model and helps press ahead with a variety of social integration businesses. Tourism resource support systems based on ICT enables the realization of different social values and delivery of tailored information to consumers, increasing the utility of the market.

For the case of each unit battery status parameter of UPS is unpredictable, this paper develops a remote monitoring system, through the connection of local monitoring software and remote monitoring software, interacting database and human-computer to complete this system. Practice has proved that this system can secure stable operation and better meet the requirements of the UPS battery remote monitoring technology.

To ameliorate the limitations of traditional collaborative filtering technologies and enhance the recommendation quality of agricultural science and technology information, a collaborative filtering recommendation method based on synthetic strategy is proposed. Firstly, filter the user set and user-item rating matrix according to the location of target user, which can solve the regional problem. Then, predict ratings of items according to the similarity of users or item content, which can relax the impact of the sparse rating. In addition, add the rating time to the user-item rating matrix to distinguish the timeliness of the user preference, and add user preference shifting in the similarity formula as a factor which can express the similarity of users or item content better. Our method can not only guarantee the recommended information is local and suit to current season of agricultural production, but also ensure the recommending precision under sparse rating data.

Open Innovation gains a wide spread attention in technology management research in recent years. Because existing research about the relationship between outbound open innovation and innovation performance is limited and context factors are ignored in existing research and based on Chesbrough’s open innovation model and theory of enterprise competence, this study introduces enterprise competence and knowledge spillovers into the field of outbound open innovation, explores their moderated roles between open innovation and innovation performance. We use high-tech firms as research sample to test the hypothesis that we proposed and find that: (1) outbound open innovation has a positive effect on innovation performance; (2) both enterprise competence and knowledge spillovers moderate the relationship between outbound open innovation and innovation performance. These conclusions have important implications for the development and application of open innovation theory.

This study aimed to examine and compare internationally the relative efficiency of higher education by using data envelopment analysis (DEA). DEA is a non-parametric technique and known as a tool for measuring and analyzing the relative efficiency of non-profit organizations. For this study, the contraction model was established with three input variables and three output variables. Output maximization was used to analyze the model. Presupposing variable return to scale, the DEA efficiency value of twelve OECD countries was evaluated. Testing the number of reference set for each country, the efficient country was identified. Evaluating the potential improvement-possibility value, the inefficient factor was also investigated. The efficiency scores of each country appeared very different.

To coherently provide e-government service (EGS) at a proper cost and time, it is necessary to evaluate and management EGS capability according to the demand of public in the current and future. That is, effective capability management will help to prevent unnecessary investments and response timely to any changes in IT capabilities. So, this study discussed the concept and aims of EGS capability management based on the international best practices in the IT capability management firstly. Then, it analyzed the capability management processes, objects, primary steps, value of the EGS through construct the capability “Holding-Enhancement” model. Consequently, argued the benefits of EGS capability management was argued. Finally, case study on EGS capability management was carried out. The approach proposed in this paper might be helpful for the government IT managers to management EGS capability effectively and efficiently.