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The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the impact of beauty major professors' authentic leadership on students' learning engagement. As the beauty industry and educational environment rapidly evolve, the importance of professors' leadership in shaping students' attitudes and performance has become increasingly emphasized. This study aims to examine how authentic leadership influences learning engagement and to explore effective educational strategies. A survey was conducted with 338 beauty major students in the Ulsan, Busan, Daegu, and Gyeongnam regions. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0, applying frequency analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The results showed that among the sub-factors of authentic leadership, balanced processing (β = .406, p < .001), self-awareness (β = .222, p < .001), and relational transparency (β = .205, p < .001) had a positive impact on learning engagement. However, internalized moral perspective (β = .052, p = .281) did not show a significant effect. This study suggests that authentic leadership plays a crucial role in enhancing students' learning attitudes and engagement in beauty education. Therefore, beauty education institutions should develop training programs to strengthen professors’ balanced information sharing, self-awareness, and trust-building. Future research should expand the study scope and incorporate qualitative methods to gain a deeper understanding of the impact of professors' authentic leadership on students.

本研究旨在实证分析美容专业教师的真实性领导力对学习者学习投入的影响. 研究对 象为蔚山, 釜山, 大邱和庆南地区的美容专业学生, 共338人, 使用SPSS 25.0进行频率分析, 相关性分析和回归分析. 研究结果显示, 真实性领导力的子因素中, 平衡信息处理(β=.406, p<.001), 自我意识(β=.222, p<.001) 和关系透明度(β=.205, p<.001) 对学习投入有显著 正向影响, 而内化道德视角(β=.052, p=.281) 无显著影响. 研究结果表明, 在美容教育中, 教师的领导力类型对学习者的态度和表现有重要影响. 因此, 建议美容教育机构开发强化教 师平衡信息提供, 自我意识和信任建立的教育项目, 以提高学习者的学习投入和教学效果. 未来研究可扩大样本并采用定性方法进一步分析真实性领导力的影响.

This study aimed to examine the relationship between beauticians' job stress caused by unethical consumer behavior and their turnover intention. A survey was conducted from October 1 to November 31, 2024, with 280 beauticians in their 20s and 50s working in beauty service industry. The collected data before being analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Frequency analysis, while exploratory factor analysis, reliability was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. This study is significant in emphasizing how unethical consumer behavior, an emerging social issue, affects beauticians' turnover intention. The key findings are as follows: First, unethical consumer behavior significantly increases job stress. Second, unethical consumer behavior contributes to increase turnover intention. Third, job stress was found to mediate the relationship between unethical consumer behavior and turnover intention, meaning that as job stress increased, so did the likelihood of turnover. Based on these findings, this study suggests that implementing stress management programs, fostering a sense of professional ownership, delivering high-quality services, and enhancing customer satisfaction are crucial strategies for reducing turnover intention among beauticians and ensuring the sustainable growth of the beauty industry.

本研究为了分析美容师的黑心顾客对其职业压力与离职意向之间的关系, 于2024年10 月1日至11月31日期间, 以20至50岁之间的280名美容师为对象进行了问卷调查, 收集到的数 据使用 SPSS v.25.0 进行分析, 为了进行频率分析, 探索性因素分析以及信度验证. 计算了 Cronbach's α 系数, 对变量之间进行了描述性统计分析. 相关性分析和回归分析, 本研究 的意义在于探讨作为社会性问题的黑心顾客对美容师离职意向所产生的关联性. 得出的研究 结果如下, 黑心顾客会影响美容师的职业压力, 黑心顾客会影响美容师的离职意向. 第三, 随着由黑心顾客引发的职业压力增加. 美容师的离职意向也随之提高. 因此, 本研究旨在为 促进美容产业的发展以及最小化因黑心顾客引发的美容师离职意向, 提出有效的对策, 如压力 管理, 培养主人翁意识, 提供高质量服务以及追求顾客满意度.

This study aimed to provide empirical data on the issue of sexual harassment, which has been identified as a severe challenge across beauty salons in Busan. The goal was to examine how verbal and physical sexual harassment from customers affects beauty service workers' negative emotions and how these negative emotions influence their turnover intention. Frequency analysis was conducted to identify respondents’ general characteristics, while factor analysis, reliability analysis, and correlation analysis were used to verify validity. Additionally, simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to determine the impact of sexual harassment on negative emotions and the influence of negative emotions and sexual harassment on turnover intention. The study provides the following key implications. First, this research confirms that customer sexual harassment experiences perceived by beauty service workers have a direct impact on negative emotions and turnover intention. By bringing attention to an issue that has received little attention, this study contributes to the theoretical foundation regarding the effects of sexual harassment in the beauty service industry. Furthermore, it serves as an important empirical resource for understanding the severity of sexual harassment experienced by beauty service workers and its consequences on their professional lives.

本研究旨在提供有关釜山地区美容服务从业人员在美容店运营过程中, 所面临的顾客 性骚扰问题的实证资料. 具体而言, 研究目的是探讨美容服务从业人员因遭受顾客的语言或 身体性骚扰所产生的负面情绪, 会对其离职意向产生怎样的影响,在研究方法方面, 为了了 解受访者的一般特性, 首先进行了频率分析;随后通过因素分析与信度分析, 相关性分析来 验证数据的有效性. 进而,为探究性骚扰对负面情绪的影响, 以及负面情绪和性骚扰对离职 意向的影响, 采用了简单回归分析与多元回归分析,本研究提供了以下启示:首先, 从学术 角度来看, 美容服务从业者所感知的顾客性骚扰经历会直接影响其负面情绪与离职意向,通 过本研究, 为未受到足够关注的美容服务从业者性骚扰问题提供了理论基础资料, 具有重要 的意义.

The purpose of this study is to propose a creative ideation class design for art masks using generative AI within a digital media framework. A qualitative research method was employed, utilizing two rounds of Focus Group Interviews (FGI). In the first stage, key aspects related to the use of Adobe Firefly were explored, while in the second stage, feedback on keyword-based image generation exercises was collected. Based on these findings, an ideation class for art mask design was developed. The study results indicate that, first, using text-based prompts facilitated the generation of more creative and efficient ideas. Second, the instructional design followed a structured process that played a crucial role in promoting learner interaction. This process consisted of theme exploration, image generation and sharing, iterative refinement through feedback, and a final presentation. Third, by applying prompts tailored to Cubism and Avant-garde themes, learners were able to visually concretize their creative ideas in art mask design. Therefore, the study suggests that the proposed class model has the potential to enhance learners’ self-directed learning capabilities and improve digital literacy, demonstrating its educational value.

本研究的目的是提出一个用生成式AI进行数字媒体基础上的艺术面具设计创意课程设计. 以质性研究方法, 采用了焦点小组访谈(Focus Group Interview, FGI), 共进行两轮. 第一 阶段探索了与使用Adobe Firefly相关的主要内容, 第二阶段收集了基于关键词生成图像的实 践反馈,在此基础上, 设计了艺术面具创意课程. 研究结果如下:第一, 通过使用文本提示, 可以更具创造性且高效地激发创意; 第二, 课程设计过程具有系统性, 并能促进学习者之间 的互动,课程包括主题探索, 图像生成与分享, 通过反馈进行改进􀕵最终成果展示四个阶 段;第三, 通过使用符合主题的提示语生成融合立体主义与先锋艺术风格的艺术面具图像, 验证了将创意思维具象化的可行性. 此外, 显示出有助于增强学习者自主学习能力及提升数 字素养的教育潜力.

This study aimed to examine awareness, preference, and satisfaction with scalp micropigmentation (SMP) and scalp painting among individuals with and without prior experience with these treatments. Additionally, it explores customer satisfaction to emphasize the benefits of SMP and scalp painting, encouraging their continued adoption. A survey was conducted among 311 adults aged 20 to 59 across the Republic of Korea, with 304 valid responses analyzed. For the research methodology, frequency analysis was used to assess demographic characteristics, awareness, and preference, while an independent samples t-test was performed to compare satisfaction levels between SMP and scalp painting. The key findings and recommendations are as follows: First, while awareness and preference for SMP and scalp painting were high, the number of individuals with firsthand experience was relatively low, limiting access to in-depth insights. Future research should ensure a balanced sample of experienced and inexperienced participants to allow for a more comprehensive satisfaction analysis. Second, additional variables should be incorporated to further investigate the factors influencing satisfaction with SMP and scalp painting. Third, despite the growing interest in these treatments, foundational research and academic studies remain scarce. This study is expected to serve as a valuable reference for future research, promoting further exploration of SMP and scalp painting.

本研究旨在调查有无SMP(头皮微色素植入)与头皮彩绘经验者的一般特征, 分析其 认知与偏好, 并通过SMP与头皮彩绘的 满意度调查突出其优点, 以促进SMP与头皮彩绘的持 续消费.本研究以居住在韩国全国范围内, 年龄在20至50岁之间的311名成年人为对象进行问 卷调查, 其中304份有效问卷被用于最终分析.研究方法方面, 人口统计学特征, 认知度与偏 好度采用频率分析, 满意度方面则采用独立样本t检验来分析SMP与头皮彩绘满意度之间的差 异.本研究的结论, 局限性及建议如下:第一, 虽然SMP与头皮彩绘的认知度与偏好度较高, 但实际体验者较少, 获取的信息有限.建议今后的研究中, 将有经验者与无经验者的比 例设置为相等, 以便更准确地分析满意度.第二, 由于用于SMP与头皮彩绘满意度的变量较 为有限, 建议今后的研究应扩展变量种类,提升分析深度与广度.第三, 当前SMP与头皮彩 绘的认知度与偏好度正在逐渐上升,但相关的基础资料或论文仍较为缺乏.因此,本研究希 望能作为基础数据被广泛应用, 并期待未来对SMP与头皮彩绘进行持续性的后续研究.

This study aimed to examine the relationships among social comparison experience, self-satisfaction, and beauty product purchasing behavior on social media, focusing on consumers in their 40s and 50s. A total of 271 survey responses were collected and analyzed between September 1 and September 30, 2024. The analysis included frequency analysis, reliability testing, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Additionally, the mediating effect of self-satisfaction was tested. The results revealed the following: Downward social comparison had a significant effect on self-satisfaction, whereas upward and lateral comparisons did not. Self-satisfaction significantly influenced purchasing behavior. Furthermore, lateral and downward comparisons had a meaningful impact on purchasing behavior, while upward comparison showed no significant effect. The mediation analysis indicated that self-satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between social comparison experience and purchasing behavior. These findings suggest that for consumers in their 40s and 50s, social comparison experiences on social media can shape purchasing behavior through self-satisfaction. Therefore, marketing strategies targeting this demographic should leverage emotional engagement, personalized products, and data-driven insights to strengthen brand loyalty and boost sales in the beauty product sector.

本研究以SNS使用者中40~50岁人群为对象,于2024年9月1日至9月30日收集并分析了 271份问卷资料.为验证社会比较经验, 自我满足感与购买行为之间的关系,采用了频率分析, 信度分析, 探索性因素分析, 相关分析以及回归分析,并进行了自我满足感的中介效应 分析.研究结果表明,社会比较经验中的向下比较对自我满足感有显著影响,而向上比较和 相似比较对自我满足感无显著影响.自我满足感对购买行为有显著影响.此外,社会比较经 验中的相似比较和向下比较对购买行为有显著影响,但向上比较对购买行为无显著影响.中 介效应分析结果显示,自我满足感在SNS社会比较经验与购买行为之间起部分中介作用.本研究的结果表明,若能结合40~50代SNS使用者的消费者心理制定营销战略,利用共鸣信息, 定制产品, 情感连接以及数据分析等方式,将成为增强美容产品品牌忠诚度及提高销售额的重要因素.

This study aimed to explore the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) technology with art to develop innovative art makeup designs, reflecting the contemporary convergence of creativity and technology. Specifically, it examines the formative characteristics of Piet Mondrian’s Cubist works as a foundation for artistic expression. The research involved analyzing key visual elements in Mondrian’s compositions—dots, lines, planes, and colors—and applying them to art makeup design using Midjourney, an AI-based image generation model. The findings of this study are as follows: First, the application of AI in design broadens creative possibilities, offering diverse and innovative approaches. Second, when Mondrian’s distinctive visual elements are processed through AI, they generate new aesthetic effects in art makeup design. Third, by conceptualizing and visualizing AI-assisted art makeup, this research emphasizes the evolving relationship between AI and artistic creation. The results suggest that AI-driven creative algorithms have the potential to revolutionize and expand the boundaries of makeup artistry.

本研究旨在以蒙德里安立体主义作品的造型特征为基础,结合艺术与AI技术的时代融 合性,开发艺术化妆设计.研究方法上,通过分析蒙德里安作品的核心造型要素(点, 线, 面及色彩) ,并利用人工智能图像生成模型Midjourney,创作了五款艺术化妆设计作品.研 究结果显示:第一,AI的应用能够扩展设计构思的素材多样性;第二,蒙德里安的造型特征 通过AI技术为艺术化妆设计提供了新的视觉效果; 第三,通过创作并可视化艺术化妆设计,体 现了AI技术与艺术融合的时代性,其变化的创作算法及成果有望推动化妆艺术设计的扩展.

This study aimed to explore how systematic services in esthetic salons influence customer loyalty and revisit intention, offering valuable insights for marketing and customer management in the industry. A survey was conducted among 260 individuals with prior experience at esthetic salons in Gwangju Metropolitan City, with data collected via online survey links shared through messenger and text messages. The analysis, performed using SPSS 25.0, revealed the following key findings: Factors such as appointment systems, additional services, waiting times, and pricing policies positively impact customer loyalty. These elements also significantly influence revisit intention, with the convenience of appointment scheduling and the availability of additional services playing particularly important roles. Additionally, the study found that higher customer loyalty increases the likelihood of repeat visits. These findings suggest that aesthetic salon owners can improve customer retention and loyalty by implementing well-structured service systems and effective management strategies. Strengthening these aspects can enhance salon competitiveness and provide practical strategies for long-term customer engagement.

本研究通过实证分析皮肤美容院的系统性服务对顾客忠诚度及再访意愿的影响,旨在 为皮肤美容行业的营销及客户管理提供基础数据.研究对象为光州广域市曾体验过皮肤美容 院服务的260名顾客,调查方法通过问卷链接(URL)结合即时通讯和短信进行,数据分析采 用SPSS v.25.0统计软件.研究结果表明,系统性服务的子因素——预约, 附加服务, 等待时 间及价格政策对提升顾客忠诚度具有积极影响.此外,这些因素对顾客的再访意愿也产生了 显著作用,其中预约系统的便利性和附加服务的提供尤为重要.同时,顾客忠诚度越高,再 访意愿也越强.本研究提示,皮肤美容院经营者可通过构建系统性服务并制定有效的管理策略, 以增强顾客忠诚度并提高再访率,从而提升行业竞争力并为持续吸引顾客提供实用策略.

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a 15-week labor rights education course designed to enhance labor rights sensitivity among future professionals. Conducted at K University in Gyeonggi-do, the research designated students enrolled in the Rights of Professionals course as the experimental group, while 24 students from the same university who did not take the course formed the control group. The key findings are as follows: First, both the experimental and control groups consisted of 11 male and 13 female students. The participants included 16 first-year, 4 second-year, and 4 third-year students. By academic discipline, 15 students were from the humanities and social sciences, 2 from the natural sciences, and 7 from engineering. Second, a pre- and post-test analysis of labor rights sensitivity among students who took the course revealed statistically significant improvements across all assessed categories. Third, a comparative analysis between the experimental and control groups after the program showed significant differences in overall labor rights sensitivity and its subcategories. This indicates that students who received labor rights education exhibited a higher awareness of labor rights than those who did not, confirming the program’s effectiveness. These results demonstrate the necessity of lifelong labor rights education.

本研究旨在通过对大学开设为期15周的正规通识课程案例,验证其对职业人士所需劳 动人权敏感性的教育效果.本研究以京畿道K大学的“职业者的权利”通识课程参与学生为实验组, 并选取同一所大学的在校生作为对照组,各24人,以比较教育成效.研究结果如下:第一, 研究对象中,实验组与对照组均由11名男生和13名女生组成􎩂年级方面,1年级有16人,2年 级和3年级各4人;专业分布为人文社会类15人,自然科学类2人,工学类7人.第二,通过对 参加劳动人权教育学生的教育前后敏感性检测,结果显示所有项目在统计上均具有显著提升. 第三,从实验组(参与教育组)与对照组(未参与教育组)之间教育后的差异来看,在整体 劳动人权敏感性及其所有下位项目上均呈现出显著差异.也就是说,参与劳动人权教育的大 学生,其劳动人权敏感性明显高于未参与者,证实了该教育的有效性.通过本研究结果,建 议加强全生命周期的劳动人权教育.

This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and skin-brightening effects of Allium microdictyon Prokh. extract to assess its potential as a natural functional ingredient for cosmetics. The extract was obtained through a 50% ethanol extraction process, followed by vacuum concentration and freeze-drying for bioactivity testing. Overall, these findings suggest that Allium microdictyon Prokh. ethanol extract exhibits strong antioxidant, anti-wrinkle, and skin-brightening properties, making it a promising natural ingredient for functional cosmetics. Notably, its potent antioxidant and melanin-inhibiting effects at higher concentrations provide a solid foundation for developing anti-aging and skin-brightening formulations.

本研究旨在分析山蒜(Allium microdictyon Prokh.)提取物的抗氧化活性, 改善皱 纹及美白效果,并评估其作为天然功能性化妆品原料的潜力.实验所用提取物通过50%乙醇 提取后,经减压浓缩和冷冻干燥制备而成.研究结果显示,山蒜乙醇提取物表现出显著的抗 氧化活性, 改善皱纹效果及美白效果,证实了其作为功能性化妆品原料的可能性.特别是在 高浓度下,提取物展现出强效的抗氧化活性和抑制黑色素生成的效果,这为开发抗皮肤衰老 及美白功能性产品提供了依据.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in career barriers and career preparation behavior according to the demographic characteristics of female beauty college students and provide basic data for effective career guidance. For this purpose, a survey was conducted on 146 female beauty college students in the Busan and Gyeongnam regions. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 27.0, including frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Analysis revealed that by grade, second-year students perceived higher self-clarity career barriers, and by major hair major students showed high scores in job information and interpersonal relationships. Students with high major satisfaction were more active in career preparation behavior, and students with part-time work experience showed high scores in self-clarity, future prospects, interpersonal career barriers, and practical effort behavior. Therefore, this suggests that it is necessary to provide field-oriented customized career guidance programs and practical experience that take into account the individual characteristics of beauty major students.

本研究旨在分析美容专业专科女大学生的人口统计学特征对职业障碍与职业准备行为 的影响差异,并为有效的职业指导提供基础数据.为此,以釜山·庆南地区146名美容专业女 大学生为对象进行了问卷调查. 数据分析采用SPSS 27.0进行频度分析, 因子分析, 信度分析. 检验和单因素方差分析.研究结果显示,从年级来看,二年级学生对自我明确性职业障碍的 感知更高, 从专业领域来看,美发专业学生在职业信息与人际关系方面得分较高.专业满意 度高的学生职业准备行为更为积极,而有兼职经验的学生在自我明确性, 未来性, 人际关系 职业障碍及实践努力行为中得分更高.因此,研究建议为美容专业学生提供基于个体特性的 现场中心型定制职业指导项目及实务经验.

This study aimed to explore the clothing-related behaviors of young women who have recently entered the workforce, focusing on their subjective experiences and perceptions. It seeks to understand the meaning and significance of their clothing choices in the context of their transition into professional life. The study involved 10 young women with less than three years of work experience, employed across various regions. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s (1978) phenomenological research method to uncover the fundamental meanings behind their clothing-related experiences. The findings identified five major themes and 11 sub-themes. The five key themes were: i) Expressing self-image and values, ii) Discomfort and self-consciousness due to inadequacy, iii) Preparation for professional life, iv) Enhancing focus and work performance, v) Seeking comfort and confidence, and vi) Improving quality of life through a sense of stability and assurance. In conclusion, young women who are new to the workforce utilize clothing-related behaviors as a form of self-expression and experience increased confidence and stability while adapting to and focusing on their work. As such, this can serve as foundational data for future studies on the job adaptation and clothing-related behaviors of young female professionals.

本研究旨在通过社会初年女性的服装相关行为经验及感受,探究其意义与本质.研究 对象为来自不同地区,职场经验不足3年的10名女性,数据分析采用Colazzi(1978)的现象 学研究方法,以揭示服装相关行为经验的本质与意义.研究结果从受访者的有意义陈述中提 炼出5个主题集合和11个具体主题.5个主题集合包括􎩁“表达自我形象与价值观”“因不足而产 生的不适与困扰”“为适应社会生活的准备性”“提升工作专注力与能力”“通过稳定感与自信心改 善生活质量”.结论表明,社会初年女性通过服装行为表达自我,适应职场工作并提升专注力, 从而获得自信与稳定感,最终改善生活质量.本研究可为未来社会初年女性的职业适应及服 装行为研究提供基础资料.

With the rapid growth of South Korea’s beauty industry and its integration with Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies, beauty professionals face increasing challenges in job security and evolving roles. As a result, cultivating skilled professionals is essential for the industry’s long-term sustainability. This study aimed to examine the impact of metacognition on academic resilience and innovative behavior among cosmetology students. To explore this, a survey was conducted among cosmetology majors in Busan from September 2 to September 16, 2024, with data analyzed using SPSS 25.0. The key findings are as follows: First, meta-awareness and cognitive regulation positively influenced academic resilience, while monitoring played a role in shaping positive attitudes, self-control, and parental support. Second, meta-awareness had a direct positive effect on innovative behavior, while monitoring and cognitive regulation contributed to idea development and implementation. Third, within academic resilience, factors such as positive attitude, self-control, and learning regulation significantly influenced innovative behavior. Additionally, support from parents and peers further enhanced students’ innovative actions. These findings demonstrate the importance of fostering metacognitive skills in cosmetology students and emphasize the need for educational tools and environments that support their development.

韩国美容产业因经济增长与第四次工业革命技术的融合而备受关注,成为未来的核心 产业之一,然而美容从业者的角色与岗位却面临威胁.因此,为了美容产业的可持续发展, 培养专业人才显得尤为迫切.因此,本研究旨在分析并验证美容专业大学生学习者的元认知 能力对学业韧性与创新行为的影响.本研究以釜山地区美容专业大学生为调查对象,于2024 年9月2日至9月16日为期14天进行了问卷调查,共回收325份数据,并利用 SPSS 25.0 进行了 分析.研究结果如下:第一,元认知的下位因素中,元认知意识与认知调节对学业韧性有显 著正向影响;其中,监控能力对积极态度,自我控制,父母支持有显著正向影响.第二,元 认知意识对创新行为的所有下位因素均有正向影响,监控能力对创意开发与创意执行有显著 正向影响.认知调节对创意推广与创意执行有显著正向影响.第三,学业韧性中的积极态度,自我控制与学习调节对所有创新行为均有显著正向影响.父母支持对创意开发与创意推 广有显著正向影响;朋友支持则对创意推广与创意执行有显著正向影响.通过本研究的结论 可得出以下启示:应为美容专业大学生的元认知能力开发提供相应的测评工具,教育支持以 及相关的学习环境.