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In this study, the effect of beauty service quality factors on customer satisfaction and brand loyalty and the effect of customer satisfaction on brand loyalty were investigated for customers using franchise hair salons. From October 1 to 15, 2021, a survey was conducted on beauty service quality, customer satisfaction, and brand loyalty among 131 customers who visited four franchise hair salons. The obtained data were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis using SPSS AMOS program. Among the beauty service quality, the path coefficient of the relationship between outcome quality and customer satisfaction was 0.397, which was significant at the 95% confidence level. Interaction quality, environmental quality, and standby quality, which are other factors of beauty service quality, all showed no significant effect on customer satisfaction. And none of the beauty service quality affected the brand loyalty. The path coefficient of customer satisfaction and brand loyalty was 0.831, which was significant at the 95% confidence level, and it was confirmed that customer satisfaction increased brand loyalty. In conclusion, it was found that the higher the outcome quality among the beauty service quality in franchise hair salons, the better the customer satisfaction, which leads to higher brand loyalty.

本文以连锁美容院顾客为研究对象，探究美容服务质量对顾客满意度和品牌忠诚度的影响以及顾客满意度对品牌忠诚度的影响。本研究选择2家连锁美容院，以来访的134名顾客为对象进行了问卷调查。为进行假设鉴定，针对收回的问卷进行了确认性因素分析和路径分析，用以明确美容服务质量、顾客满意度、品牌忠诚度之间的关系。研究结果显示，服务质量中结果质量是提高顾客满意度的先行变量(路径系数:.397，p<.05)，顾客满意度会提高品牌忠诚度(路径系数:.831，p<.05)。然而，美容服务质量的其他因素—相互作用质量、环境质量、大气质量都未对顾客满意度和品牌忠诚度产生任何影响。因此，连锁美容院若想提高顾客满意度和品牌忠诚度，为发型设计师提供系统的技术能力提升教育尤为重要。

This study aims to investigate the difference of customer commitment according to the demographic characteristics of hair salon customers and the service justices and store attributes of the hair salon that affect customer commitment. The questionnaire for empirical research was collected from customers of hair salon in Gyeongnam, and the analysis results are as follows. First, as a result of analyzing the difference of customer commitment according to the demographic characteristics of hair salon customers, customer commitment was statistically high in the group with high educational background. Second, as a result of analyzing the causal relationship between service justices and customer commitment, and the causal relationship between store attributes and customer commitment, it was found that service justices factors all had a statistical effect on customer commitment. In addition, of the store attribute factors, technical factors and marketing factors were found to have a statistical effect on customer commitment. Comprehensive analysis of the results of this study means that service justices and store attributes have a relatively high impact on customer commitment in groups with high educational background. Therefore, this study suggests that the management performance of the hairdressing business can be improved by utilizing service justices and store attributes while considering the educational background of customers.

本研究旨在探究美发中心顾客人口统计特征对顾客投入的差异以及发型美容业服务公正性和店铺属性对顾客投入的影响。实证研究问卷来源于庆南美发中心的顾客，其分析结果如下。 第一、针对美发中心顾客人口统计特征对顾客投入的差异，调查结果显示，高学历群体，顾客投入较高。第二，针对服务公正性与顾客投入的因果关系、店铺属性与顾客投入的因果关系的研究结果显示，服务公正性因素对顾客投入产生影响。第三、在店铺属性因素中，技术因素和营销因素分别对顾客的投入产生影响。综上所述，学历高的群体中，服务公正性和店铺属性对顾客投入产生的影响较高。因此,在考虑顾客学历的同时，利用服务公正性和店铺属性，可以提高发型美容业的经营效率。

This study attempted to suggest hairstyling methods by applying a pompadour to bridal updos based on the pompadour hairstyle published on Kim Da-hong (2022)’s paper (vol. 16, issue 1). It reviewed formative and expressive elements among bridal updo design factors through analysis of previous studies and analyzed the shape and position of the base and hair texture for up-styling. Based on such findings, 6 hairstyles were chosen, and a pompadour was applied to short and thin bridal hair to design elegant and voluminous upstyles in a creative and artistic fashion. Specifically, 3 updos, 1 high-up style, 1 ponytail style and 1 half-ponytail style were created. Therefore, it is anticipated that the study results would be helpful in developing unique and creative upstyles which can meet modern consumers’ needs and available as a useful educational resource for up-styling.

本研究将运用本学会金多洪(2002)第16卷1号论文中的“以蓬巴杜发型为基础的新娘盘发设计”成果，提出新娘盘发的多种设计样式及方法。首先，本文通过前人研究，考察了新娘盘发设计要素中的造型要素和表现要素；然后，分析了盘发的基础形态、质感形态、基础位置等；再次，以此为基础，选定了6个不同主题作品，并针对发量少、头发短的新娘，设计了根据盘发形态的蓬巴杜发型，将新娘发型变得更加优雅、丰富、具有创意性和艺术性。最后，我们制作设计了低盘发作品3个、高盘发作品1个、马尾辫 1个、半扎发型 1个。本研究有助于满足现代人的多种盘发需求，将盘发变得更加独创性、创意性，同时，也能给美容产业提供有效地教育参考资料。

This study attempted to design birth flower-based hair corsage with hair waste, using a hair art technique. Based on the meaning and innate colors of birth flowers, the beauty of January, March, May, July, September and November was expressed with four-season flowers. For January Daffodils, ever-lasting elegant and mysterious beauty were expressed with hair corsage by harmonizing red and yellow colors. For March Daisy, youth and innocence were created with a combination of blue and white colors. For May Lilac, the happy memory of first love was expressed in green and light purple. For July Rose, hair corsage with passionate love was designed with the color of sizzling sun. For September Saffron, healthy youth with no regret was expressed with a combination of light pink. For November Bellflower, healthy and dutiful beauty was expressed with golden brown and violet colors. It is anticipated that the above results would make a contribution to enhance the artistic and creative aspects of hair corsage and develop beauty art products with a humanistic story.

本研究将发型艺术表现手法运用于“诞生花”发花的设计制作。发花作为纯手工制品，在越发注重个性的千禧时代，在每个人特别的日子里，量身定制独一无二的的发花，能够创造只属于自己的珍贵回忆。我们运用诞生花的固有色彩，用不同的花，呈现出1月、3月、5月、7月、9月、11月的华丽四季之美。1月水仙花将红色与黄色融合，表现出了其不变的高贵、圣洁、神秘；3月雏菊将蓝色与白色融合，表现出青春和天真烂漫；5月丁香将绿色与浅紫色融合，表现出初恋时幸福的回忆；7月玫瑰通过太阳照耀在玫瑰的形象，表现出了火热的爱情；9月番红花通过浅粉红色的发花表现出具有健康生命力的无悔青春；11月风铃草的健康、诚实之美呈现于金棕色与紫色相融合的风铃草发花。本研究对提高发花制作的的艺术性、创造性以及设计具有人文故事性的美妆商品提供有效参考。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of beauty care behavior on psychological factors such as appearance-based success orientation and self-efficacy against Generation Z women. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against Gen Z women living in Busan and capital region over 14 days. A total of 429 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis (principal component analysis (PCA), Varimax), reliability analysis and regression analysis, using SPSS 22.0, and the results found the followings: First, personal appearance-based success orientation has become stronger through beauty care which is conducted for personal or social satisfaction. Second, self-efficacy which refers to confidence in a person’s capability under common situations and confidence in interactive ability with others improved through beauty care behavior. With a rapid change in the times and generations, everything has rapidly changed. In such circumstances, it is anticipated that the study results (‘beauty care behavior enhances appearance-based success orientation and self-efficacy in Gen Z women’) would be helpful in understanding new generation who are expected to lead beauty markets and preparing for the future.

本研究旨在通过分析Z世代女性的美容管理行为，考察美容对相貌成功指向与自我效能产生的影响。研究对象为居住在首都圈与釜山的Z世代女性，调查历时14天，共搜集了429份有效问卷。全部答卷使用SPSS22.0进行了频率分析、因子分析(主成分分析、最大方差法Verimex)、信度分析、回归分析。研究结果为如下：第一、满足自己或社会审美需求的美容管理行为本身会提高个人的相貌成功指向；第二、美容管理行为在一般情况下，可提升自我认同感，在与他人相处时，可提高自我效能。本研究表明，在这个时代与世代的快速更替，一切都处于迅速变化的今天，美容管理行为提高了Z世代女性的相貌成功指向与自我效能，本研究成果可为更准确了解引领新时代美妆行业的Z世代提供有效参考。

This study attempted to compare differences in breast augmentation, using herb ball therapy, one of traditional Thai therapeutic treatments as a nonsurgical method. For this, a total of 36 women in their 20-40s were collected from social media and online communities, and a questionnaire survey was performed against them to examine demographic characteristics and satisfaction and perception of their breast. Specifically, after measuring chest circumference, inter-nipple distance, collarbone-right nipple distance and collarbone-left nipple distance, the therapy was given, and breast satisfaction was examined. This experiment was performed once a week (3 times in total) against three different groups: a group of the massage pushing breast muscles into the nipples by creating a space in the back of breast after pectoralis fascia massage; a herb ball group in which breast muscles and blood are pushed into nipples, using heated herb balls by creating a space in the back of breast after temporal pectoralis fascia massage; control group (no treatment was given). The collected data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. To examine breast augmentation effects, repeated measures two-way ANOVA was conducted, and the results found the followings: In terms of interactions, a statistical significance was found at each measurement by group (F(6, 99)=30.307, p<.001). In other words, all three groups revealed changes in breast circumference after each therapy. In particular, the herb ball group was relatively greater than the massage and control groups in terms of breast circumference improvements.

本研究利用非手术方法泰国传统疗法之一的温疗法—香草球疗法，比较分析了不同被调组之间丰胸效果的差异。本研究通过社交媒体、论坛公告的方式，招募了20多岁和40多岁的女性，并将36位女性为研究对象，采用问卷的方式，调查了人口统计学特点和本人胸部满意度、认知度，测量了胸围、乳头间距、锁骨到右侧、左侧乳头的长度以及按摩后胸部满意度等，并以每周1次的频率，进行了3次实验。被调者分为三组，一组是接受用手进行大胸肌的筋膜按摩，使乳房背面产生空间，使乳房周围的肌肉向乳头部位聚集的按摩组；二组是接受用手暂时松缓大胸肌的筋膜，使乳房背面产生空间后，再利用后侧加热的草本球进行按摩，反复将乳房周围的肌肉和血液向乳头侧聚集的草本球组；三组是和未接受任何按摩的对比组。资料分析利用SPSS v.25.0统计程序，为了解不同群体、测定时间的差异对丰胸产生的效果，实施了反复测定二元分散分析(repeated measures two-way ANOVA)。结果显示，测定时间和不同被调组对统计结果产生了影响(F(6,99)=30.307,p<.001)，按摩组、草本球组、对比组随着调查的实施，其胸围变化程度出现了差异，草本球组与按摩组或对比组相比，丰胸效果最大。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of characteristics of beauty contents on YouTube on user engagement and satisfaction against men and women nationwide and examine the mediating effects of nonverbal communication capability among such characteristics, engagement and satisfaction. The collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, using SPSS 19.0, and the validity and reliability of measuring instruments were tested. In addition, correlation analysis, regression analysis and analysis of moderating effects were performed, and the results found the followings: In beauty-related YouTube videos, the specialty, playfulness and advertising aspects of contents revealed a significant influence, and the characteristics of YouTube contents affected user satisfaction. User engagement also had an influence on satisfaction. Concerning the influence of the playfulness of contents on user engagement, YouTuber’s body language, spatial language and appearance language showed a moderating effect. In the effects of personality of contents on engagement, a moderating effect was also observed in such body language, spatial language and appearance language. Lastly, in the influence of the advertising aspect of contents on engagement, YouTuber’s body language, spatial language and appearance language revealed a moderating effect.

本研究以美容YouTube全国男女观众为对象，探索YouTube特征对专注度和满意度产生的影响，并根据传达者的非语言交流能力的高低，考察美容YouTube特征对专注度及满意度的调节效果。本研究的资料分析使用SPSS 19.0统计程序进行，通过频率分析、技术统计学分析、测定工具的效度及信度验证、相关关系分析、回归分析、假设验证、调节效果分析等分析了统计结果。研究结果为如下：第一、美妆YouTube节目中，其内容的专业性、游戏性、广告性具有重要影响；第二、YouTube的特征对专注度和满意度均产生影响；第三、内容游戏性对专注度的影响关系中，已确认YouTuber的听觉语言没有调节效果；第四、内容个人性对专注度的影响关系中，YouTuber的外观语言没有调节效果；第五、从内容广告性对专注度产生的影响关系中，已确认YouTuber的听觉语言没有调节效果。

This study attempted to investigate art masks from the capstone design course, taking environmental changes as motives. For this, a total of 25 students attending the capstone design course in a beauty college were divided into several groups (5 persons per group). Among the groups, one group developed 5 different art masks with waste human hair to examine the influence of COVID-19 on environmental pollution. In beauty industry, it is required to recycle supplies and materials which can cause such pollution to prevent environmental pollution. In this sense, this study aimed to create art masks in a creative and artistic fashion, using waste human hair. A total of five different artworks under each different theme were created: “Ocean-themed Earth”, “Humans Polluting the Ocean”, “Deity Suffering from Marine Wastes”, “Night Sea Guardian”, “The Sea Revitalized and Goddess of the Sea”. If environmental pollution can be reduced through up-cycling in a beauty sector, hairdressing could be a more promising career in the future. It is anticipated that more students would grow into professional cosmetologists studying total design. In addition, it is expected that there would be further efforts to nurture talents through such art activities and keep producing creative artworks.

本研究是以Capstone设计中废弃头发为原材料的艺术口罩为研究对象，旨在于考察其对环境变化的影响。参与研究的人员是修读美容大学Capstone设计课程的25名学生，全员分成5人1组，其中1组任务是，以新型冠状病毒对环境污染的影响为主题，利用废弃头发制作5幅艺术口罩。在美容行业，为防止环境污染可做的贡献在于尽最大努力回收利用引发环境污染的产品及材料，因此，本研究更富有创意性、艺术性地呈现了利用废弃头发制作艺术口罩的过程。 第一部作品是“拥抱大海的地球”，第二部作品是“玷污大海的人类”，第三部作品是“因海洋垃圾而受苦的守护神”，第四部作品是“大海夜晚的守护神”，第五部作品是“回归的大海和大海的守护神”，共研究制作了5部作品。未来，若将美容行业与升级回收相结合，有利于减少环境污染，促进“具备综合设计能力的美容专家”的职业生涯发展。希望上述作品的上市，能激励美容行业的后起之秀，并能推出更多的作品，加速其普及化。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of metacognition, critical thinking disposition and problem solving ability on clinical competence of nursing students. The study was a descriptive survey carried out with 139 nursing students from March 1 to May 31, 2021 and analyzed using SPSS WIN 28.0. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression analysis An analysis on the correlation among the subjects' variables exhibited clinical competence that the has positive correlations with metacognition and problem solving. There was of the level of significance has been on metacognition and influential factors with 28.8% of explanatory power.

本研究旨在考察护理专业大学生的元认知、批判性思维、解决问题能力与临床执行能力的关系以及对其产生的影响，属于叙述性调查研究。本研究采用填入式问卷调查法，研究对象为釜山2所大学护理专业4年级的学生，调查起止时间为2021年3月1日至5月31日，共有139名学生参与。本次调查所搜集的问卷则使用SPSS28.0得出其平均和标准方差，并进行t检验(t-test)、方差分析(ANOVA)、相关关系、多重回归分析。调查结果显示，被调者的临床执行能力与元认知、解决问题能力具有显著的相关关系；统计结果表明，其影响因子在元认知方面较为突出，其解释力为28.8%。因此，为提高护理专业大学生临床执行能力，建议开发提升元认知的相关程序。

This study attempted to investigate differences in life attitude and scalp & hair care behavior by self-esteem, examine correlations between life attitude and scalp & hair care behavior and analyze the influence of self-esteem on scalp & hair care behavior with a goal of providing useful data for scalp & hair care industry. In terms of differences in scalp and hair care behavior between high and low self-esteem groups, a statistically significant difference was found in ‘care effects’, and the high self-esteem group was higher than the low self-esteem group in terms of such care effects (p<.001). In correlations with life attitude by self-esteem, a statistically significant correlation was observed in ‘confidence’, ‘values’ and ‘satisfaction’. In other words, ‘confidence’, ‘values’ and ‘satisfaction’ increase, life attitude becomes more positive. In correlations with scalp & hair care behavior by self-esteem, as ‘confidence’ increased, ‘care effects’ were more positive. In addition, as ‘values’ increased, ‘care practices’, ‘perception’ and ‘effects’ became more positive.

本研究以20多岁到60多岁的成年男女为研究对象，调查了自尊心对生活态度和头皮、头发管理行为的差异、生活态度和头皮、头发管理行为的相关关系以及自尊心对头皮、头发管理行为的影响，其目的在于为头皮、头发产业提供有效参考。针对自尊心高的群体和自尊心低的群体头皮、头发管理行为差异进行分析的结果为如下：第一、头皮、头发管理行为所属因素中，管理效果方面存在差异，自尊心高的群体比低的群体管理效果更高(p<.001)；第二、自尊心与生活态度的相关分析结果显示，自尊心的所属因素中，自信感、价值感和满足感与生活态度具有相关关系，自信感、价值感和满足感越高，生活态度越积极；第三、自尊心与头皮、头发管理行为的关系中，自信心越高，其管理效果越积极，价值感越高，对管理实践、认识、效果越积极。

The purpose of this study is to verify the effects of SNS beauty content information on the makeup behavior and makeup product purchases of women in their 20s and 30s through empirical research, and to conduct a comprehensive study on the effects of SNS beauty content information on beauty in various ways. The intent was to provide basic data. As for the research method, a Google online questionnaire was employed and distributed to women in their 20s and 30s who consume SNS beauty content. SPSS 25.0 was used to conduct exploratory factor analysis and to verify the validity of the measurement tool; and Cronbach's α coefficient was calculated for reliability verification. Descriptive statistical analysis, correlation analysis, and regression analysis were performed. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, it can be seen that SNS beauty content information affects the makeup behavior of women in their 20s and 30s. Second, it can be seen that SNS beauty content and information affects makeup behavior and makeup product purchases of women in their 20s and 30s. Third, it can be seen that the makeup behavior of women in their 20s and 30s affects the purchase of makeup products.

本研究旨在通过实证研究，考察社交媒体美妆信息对20~30岁女性化妆及化妆品购买行为产生的影响，并对其相关研究提供资料与数据支撑。本研究通过谷歌线上问卷调查软件调研了社交媒体美妆信息对20~30岁女性化妆及化妆品购买行为产生的影响；为确保测试工具的有效性，问卷分析则使用SPSS 25.0进行了探索性因子分析；为分析测试结果的信度，计算出了克朗巴哈系数(Cronbach'sα)。本研究采用的研究方法为：技术统计分析、相关关系分析、回归分析。研究结果为如下：第一、社交媒体美妆信息对20~30岁女性化妆行为产生影响。第二、社交媒体美妆信息对20~30岁女性化妆品购买行为产生影响。第三、20~30岁女性化妆本身对化妆品的购买行为产生影响。

In order to examine the differences in behavioral intention between demographic characteristics and nature of beauty contents on YouTube. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against teenage girls or older women. The collected data were analyzed, using JAMOVI 1.6.16. For analysis of the nature of beauty-related YouTube contents, factor analysis and reliability analysis were conducted. In addition, ANOVA was implemented to examine differences in behavioral intention by demographic characteristics, and the results found the followings: In terms of behavioral intention by age and occupation, ‘10s’ and ‘student’ were the highest. As income increased, behavioral intention was higher. However, no difference was found in educational background and marital status. The above results are anticipated because teens are highly interested in their appearance and use a mobile phone very often. Such behavioral intention was also the highest in terms of income because they tend to buy what they want.

本文旨在了解人口统计学特征与YouTube美妆内容特征的行为意图差异，本研究以10岁以上女性为研究对象进行了问卷调查，问卷使用JAMOVI1.6.16进行了分析汇总。另外，针对YouTube美妆内容特征，进行了探索性因子分析与信度分析；为考察人口统计学特征所导致的行为意图差异，实施方差分析(ANOVA)。研究结果为如下：第一、行为意图差异最高的年龄段为10-19岁，学生的行为意图差异最高；第二、收入越高，行为意图差异越高；第三、学历与婚姻状况不会对行为意图差异产生影响。相对于其他年龄群体，10多岁青少年更重视自己的相貌，手机使用率也较高，在收入方面，也较容易购买自己想用的产品，行动意图最高，因此，上述结果在意料之中。

The purpose of this study is to discuss the methodology of creative activities of various fashion show make-up by understanding the formative principles based on formative elements. The research method was combined with theoretical and empirical studies. The scope of the study was limited to the make-up that appeared in the Valentino fashion show from the 2020 S/S to the 2022 F/W by Ready to Wear. As a result of the study, 20S/S fashion show makeup shows the principle of balanced symmetry and emphasis using the texture elements of gold color and pearl and the elements of line. and The fashion show makeup of 20F/W showed the principle of balanced symmetry and emphasis using strong image black color and sharp shipping formative elements. The formative elements used in fashion showmake-up of 21S/S visualized sharp shipping elements as formative principles of balance, symmetry and emphasis. and The fashion show make-up of 21F/W shows formative characteristics as the principle of emphasis along with the principle of balance and symmetry of the elements of face and line. The fashion showmake-up of 22S/S is designed to express sporty sensual beauty as the principle of emphasizing the balance symmetry and the toughness of blackish color. The fashion show makeup of 22F/W gives visual harmony as the principle of emphasis using elements of color and the principle of balanced symmetry.

本研究旨在于以造型要素为参考理解造型原理，探究多种时装秀化妆创作活动的方法论。研究方法为理论研究和实证研究相结合，研究范围仅限于Ready 2 Wear从2020年S/S到2022年F/W的Valentino时装秀上出现的妆容。研究结果显示，20S/S的时装秀妆容运用金色和软毛质感要素以及线条要素的均衡正对称和突显原理；20F/W的时装秀妆容运用具有强势观感的黑色和锋利的线型造型要素的均衡对称原理和突显原理；21S/S的时装秀妆容中使用的造型要素将尖锐的线型要素以均衡、对称、突显原理进行视觉化；21F/W的时装秀妆容将面和线条要素以均衡、对称、强调原理展现其造型特征；22S/S的时装秀妆容以均衡、对称和突显黑色强韧的原理，呈现出运动观感美；22F/W的时装秀妆容是运用色彩要素的强调原理、均衡、对称原理，提供视觉上的均衡与协调。

In a modern society where online communication is common and prevalent, online reviews have spread, and people have become more dependent upon such information. As a result, a possibility of purchase or word-of-mouth has also increased. Under such circumstances, this study attempted to investigate correlations between purchase intention and word-of-mouth intention against the customers using online reviews and examine the effects of customer communication- based marketing in the online world. According to multiple regression analysis on the influence of beauty-salon online reviews on purchase intention and word-of-mouth intention, ‘No. of online reviews’, ‘ratings’ and ‘orientation’ had a positive influence on purchase intention while ‘No. of online reviews’ and ‘orientation’ only revealed a positive effect on word-of-mouth intention.

在网络进一步普及、日常化的现代社会，随着网络评论的扩散和相关信息的依赖度日益加强，因线上评论购买、推荐商品的频率也逐渐增加。因此，本研究以经常使用在线评论的顾客为对象，探究其购买意图和口碑行销的影响关系，旨在充分运用线上顾客交流的信息，提升营销效率。为了解美容院在线评论对购买意图和口碑行销的影响，本文进行了多元回归分析，结果显示，在线评论的数量、评分、方向性因素对购买意图产生正（+）向影响，但只有在线评论的数量、方向性因素对口碑行销产生正（+）向影响。

With the diversification and popularity of hair dyes, the alkali ingredient in hair dyes has caused hair damage, having a negative impact on hair color retention. According to studies on organic acid perms, organic acid inhibited alkali activity and reduced hair damage, enhancing wave formation and durability. Based on such results, this study attempted to investigate the influence of organic acids such as succinic acid and tartaric acid on color retention after dyeing by applying them as post treatment. The alkali substance in hair dyes accelerates their absorption into hair, but its residue can also cause hair damage. Since the dyes absorbed into hair cortex are easily leaked out, organic acids were used as post treatment, and the results found the followings: First, after coloring the bleached hair cherry red and blue silver, it was post-treated with succinic acid and tartaric acid. When changes in hair color were measured through repetitive shampooing, the experimental group (succinic acid/tartaric acid group) was better than a control group in terms of hair dye retention. Second, in terms of hair damage after hair dyeing, the experimental group was lower than a control group with high tensile strength, narrow pores and smooth hair texture. In other words, the post treatments ‘succinic acid’ and ‘tartaric acid’ prevented protein extraction by inhibiting hair swelling after neutralizing alkali on the hair. In other words, organic acids reduce hair damage and have a positive effect on hair color retention. The above results confirm that the development of post-dye treatments using organic acids reveal a positive influence on hair.

由于染发的多样化和大众化，染发剂的碱成分引起毛发损伤，阻碍颜色维持力。本研究将succinic acid和tartaric acid等有机酸作为染发后处理剂使用，研究了染发后上述有机酸对颜色维持力的效果。染发剂的碱成分有助于染料渗透到头发内部，但会残留在头发引起发质损伤。由于渗透到毛皮质的染料容易流出，因此将有机酸作为染发后处理剂确认了其效果。研究结果显示为如下：第一、在脱色头发上使用红樱桃色和蓝银色染色剂后，用succinic acid和tartaricacid进行处理反复洗发，头发颜色测试结果显示，使用succinicacid和tartaric acid的实验组比对照组更能维持染发颜色；第二、染发后，测试头发损伤程度结果显示，succinic acid和tartaric acid实验组的拉伸强度更高，头发气孔更小，头发表面更光滑，头发损伤程度较小。这是由于染发后处理剂succinic acid和tartaric acid将残留在头发上的碱进行中和，防止头发膨润蛋白质溶出。因此，有机酸减少头发损伤的同时，对染发发色的保持产生积极影响。以本研究结果为基础，有机酸作为染发后处理剂的产品开发将有助于发质的维护。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of consumption values on beauty salon selection attributes and behavior intention against baby boomer women. For this, collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 26.0 was used. For demographic analysis, frequency analysis was performed. For reliability testing on consumption values, selection attributes and behavior intention, Cronbach’s alpha was conducted. To examine interaction effects among variables, furthermore, multiple regression analysis was performed, and the results found the followings: First, social, emotional, functional and conditional values had a statistically significant influence on physical images while emotional, epistemic and conditional values had an effect on personnel images with statistical significance. Second, emotional value revealed an influence on behavior intention. Among consumption value factors, in other words, it was ‘emotional value’ which had a statistically significance effect on all factors.

本研究旨在分析不同类型的美容大学女性成人学习者学业自我效能对参与成效的影响，并研究不同类型的参与成效对个人、社会产生的影响。问卷调查实施期限为2022年4月11日至4月17日，研究对象为釜山地区20~50岁以上的美容大学250名女性成人学习者。问卷共69道题，收回的250份调查结果为最终分析资料，并用SPSS 26.0进行了分析。研究结果如下。第一、特征类型及学业自我效能对参与成效的影响结果显示，特征类型的所有下位因素对参与成效中的个人资本和社会资本都具有积极的影响。并且，学业自我效能中的自我调节效能对参与成效中的个人资本产生积极影响，学业自我效能中的自信感对参与成效中的个人资本没有影响。第二、学业自我效能中的自我调节效能在特征类型和参与性之间具有媒介作用。另外，在学业上的自我效能中，自信感在女性成人学习者的特征类型和参与性之间具有部分媒介作用。因此，为提高美容大学女性成人学习者的参与成效，有必要按特征类型分类参与学习，根据学业自我效能中的自我调节效能对参与成效产生影响的研究结果，有必要给学习者提供自行设定目标，评价学习过程的系统程序。

This study aimed to examine the effects of online involvement on objectified body consciousness and beauty consumption behavior of female college students, and used the SPSS 26.0 Statistical Program for data analysis. This study conducted the frequency analysis on the general characteristics, the exploratory factor analysis for the validity, and also verified the Cronbach’s α value for the verification of reliability. In the research methods, the correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed. In the results of this study, first, regarding the effects of online involvement on objectified body consciousness, the passive involvement had positive effects on body surveillance. Second, in the effects of online involvement on beauty consumption behavior, the passive involvement had positive effects on it while the active involvement, body shame, and control belief had no effects on it. Therefore, it might be because the active involvement is not originated from interest in appearance, but just a technical behavior involved in online.

本研究旨在考察女大学生线上参与度对个人身体意识和美容消费行为的影响。本研究资料用SPSS 26.0统计程序进行了细致分析，针对一般特征，我们进行了频率分析，为确保分析结果的效度与信度，确认了其克龙巴赫α系数（Cronbach'sα）值。具体研究方法为相关分析与多重回归分析。研究结果如下：第一，线上参与度对个人身体意识的影响调查显示，消极参与度对身体监视性和身体羞耻心分别产生正向影响。第二，线上参与度对美容消费行为的影响调查显示，消极参与度也同样产生了正向影响。另外，积极参与因素、身体羞耻心、控制信念因素都没有产生影响。因此，积极参与行为并不是源于对外貌的关注因素，而是源于参与网络活动的的技术行为。