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This study attempted to investigate the influence of interest in cosmetology on life satisfaction against elderly women living alone. For this, a questionnaire survey was conducted against senior citizens living alone from an elderly welfare center and those having customized care services in ‘B’ region. A total of 200 copies were collected and analyzed, and the results found the followings: First, in terms of age and duration of living alone, ‘70s’ and ‘20 years or longer’ were the highest respectively. When asked about economic situations and health conditions, ‘poor economic conditions’ and ‘bad’ were most responded each. Second, concerning differences between cosmetology interest factors and life satisfaction by subjects’ personal characteristics, interest in hairstyles and makeup was the highest at below age 80 and good health conditions. In addition, interest in nail art was high under good subjective health conditions. Life satisfaction was the highest at good health conditions or when a house is owned. Third, in relationships between interest in cosmetology and life satisfaction, it was ‘hairstyle’ which had an influence on life satisfaction only.

本研究的目的是了解女性独居老人的美容关注度对生活满意度产生的影响。为此，以利用B地区老人福利管和老人专门照料中心的女性独居老人为研究对象，进行了问卷调查。经分析收集的200份调查问卷，得出如下研究结论。第一，调查对象中年龄为70-79岁且独居时间超过20年以上的老年人最多，而且，经了解多数老人的经济条件比较困难，主观健康状况也不佳。第二，根据调查对象的个人情况，考察了对美容关注度的下级因素和生活满意度之间的差异，发现对于美容关注度的下级因素美发和美妆，80岁以下主观健康状况良好的老人，对美发和美容的关注度最高。另外，主观健康状况良好时，对美甲的关注度也比较高。另外，持有房屋且主观健康状况良好的老人，对生活满意度最高。第三，关于美容关注度和生活满意度之间的关系，只有美容关注度的下级因素美发对生活满意度产生了影响。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of information characteristics on information trust, information acceptance and selection intention in cosmetology academy web portals. It is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data which are needed in enhancing the profitability and competitiveness of cosmetology academies and helping students make career decisions in aware of the importance of web portal keywords. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against men and women in their 10-40s in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, and the collected data were analyzed with four different variables: information characteristics, information trust, information acceptance, selection intention. Then, the results found the followings: First, according to the influence of information characteristics on information trust, ‘neutrality’, ‘usefulness’, ‘interaction’, ‘vividness’ and ‘consensus’ revealed a statistically significant effect. Second, concerning the influence of information characteristics on information acceptance, a statistically significant effect was found in ‘usefulness’, ‘interaction’, ‘neutrality’ and ‘consensus’. Third, regarding the influence of information characteristics on selection intention, ‘usefulness’, ‘interaction’, ‘neutrality’, ‘vividness’ and ‘consensus’ revealed a statistically significant effect. Fourth, in terms of the influence of information trust on information acceptance, a statistically significant effect was observed. Fifth, in the influence of information trust on selection intention, a statistically significant effect was found. Sixth, concerning the influence of information acceptance on selection intention, a statistically significant effect was observed. The above results confirm that information recipients in the modern times take neutrality and facts seriously in information trust. In information acceptance and intention to select a cosmetology academy, trend information reflected in consideration of flexibility and interaction enhanced their satisfaction. Furthermore, this study is meaningful in that academy brands are exposed whenever information is searched by updating promotional data through social media.

本研究基于门户网站的美容学院信息特点对信息信任度和信息接纳以及选择意向产生的影响，认识门户网站检索词对美容学院的重要性，并尝试将其用作提高学院经营收益以及竞争力、帮助预备学员职业规划的基础性资料。为此，以首尔和京畿地区美容学院的10-49岁男女预备学员为对象收集相关资料，并通过实施实证研究，利用美容学院信息特点和信息信任度、信息接纳以及美容学院选择意向等4种变数，归纳整理出如下结果。第一，分析美容学院信息特点对信息信任度产生的影响，发现信息特点中中立性、有效性、相互作用、真实性、类似性对信息信任度产生了具有统计学意义的影响。第二，分析美容学院信息特点对信息接纳产生的影响，发现信息特点中有效性、相互作用、中立性、类似性对信息接纳产生了具有统计学意义的影响。第三，分析美容学院信息特点对美容学院选择意向产生的影响，发现信息特点中有效性、相互作用、中立性、类似性、真实性对美容学院选择意向产生了具有统计学意义的影响。第四，分析信息信任度对信息接纳产生的影响，发现信息信任度对信息接纳产生了具有统计学意义的影响。第五，分析信息信任度对美容学院选择意向产生的影响，发现信息信任度对美容学院选择意向产生了具有统计学意义的影响。第六，分析信息接纳对美容学院选择意向产生的影响，发现信息接纳对美容学院选择意向产生了具有统计学意义的影响。这一结果表明，现代信息用户在信息信任度方面重视中立性和真实性，而在信息接纳和美容学院选择意向方面，鉴于灵活性和相互作用，对反映学院经营情况的最新动态信息呈现出较高的满意度。另外，上传更新学员的社交网站宣传资料，在搜索信息检索时持续曝光学院品牌，也是本研究的意义所在。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of customer experiences on purchasing behavior against beauty salon customers. For this, factor analysis and reliability analysis were performed on customer experiences and purchasing behavior, and related factors were derived. Then, their correlations were analyzed. Specifically, a questionnaire survey was conducted against 684 people living in Yeongnam and capital region from July 1 to August 30, 2020, and the results found the followings: In customer experiences, all questions were reliable with the following confidence levels: .905 (emotional experience), .866 (sensory experience), .833 (behavioral experience), .815 (cognitive experience). In purchasing behavior, furthermore, all questions were deemed reliable with .876 in reliability and .907 and .819 in satisfaction and purchase intention respectively. In terms of correlations between customer experiences and purchasing behavior, a high correlation was found in the following relations: behavioral experience & purchase intention (r=.709, p<.01), emotional experience & satisfaction (r=.698, p<.01), reliability & satisfaction (r=.816, p<.01), purchase intention & satisfaction (r = .731, p<.01). It is anticipated that the study results would be available basic data which are needed in developing marketing strategies for small beauty salons.

本研究为了研究美容院的客户体验对购买行为产生的影响，基于对客户体验以及购买行动的影响因素及可信度的分析，整理出各自的下级因素，并对其相关关系进行了分析。另外，对居住在岭南地区和首都圈的684名居民进行了问卷调查，调查期间为2020年7月1日至8月30日。对客户体验的分析结果显示，感性体验评分为905、感官体验评分为866、行为体验评分为833、认知体验评分为815，所有选项都呈现出很高的可信度，而对购买行为的分析结果则显示，可信度评分为876、满意度评分为907、购买意向评分为819，所有选项都呈现出较高的可信度。另外，对客户体验和购买行为之间的相关关系进行分析的结果显示，行为体验和购买行为(r=.709、p<.01)、感性体验和满意度(r=.698、p<.01)，这两对呈现出较高的相关关系，同时可信度和满意度、购买意向和满意度，这两对之间的相关关系也比较高。本研究将对制定适合小型美容院的营销战略提供有用的基础性资料。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of self-consciousness and body consciousness on subjective satisfaction by a type of esthetic care. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against 300 adult women aged 20-64 living in Gyeonggi-do from February 1 to March 2, 2021. A total of 285 copies excluding poorly answered ones were used for final analysis, and the results found the followings: First, according to analysis of differences in self-consciousness by a type of esthetic care, in facial skin care, private self-consciousness, public self-consciousness and social anxiety were high in terms of brightness care. In body care, social anxiety was relatively high in terms of slimming care (p<.05). Second, concerning differences in body consciousness by a type of esthetic care, in facial skin care, body confidence and body dissatisfaction were relatively high in terms of brightness care. In scalp care, body confidence was high in terms of seborrheic scalp care (p<.05). Third, regarding the influence of self-consciousness on subjective satisfaction, public self-consciousness (=.186, p<.01) and private self-consciousness (=.184, p<.01) had a positive effect on subjective satisfaction with statistical significance. In other words, as public or private self-consciousness rises, subjective satisfaction increases. Fourth, concerning the influence of body consciousness on subjective satisfaction, body care efforts (=.434, p<.001) and body confidence (=.217, p<.001) revealed a positive influence on subjective satisfaction with statistical significance. In conclusion, body consciousness was greater than self-consciousness in terms of influence on subjective satisfaction. Among the three body consciousness factors, 'body care efforts' was significant. This study aimed to improve customer satisfaction with esthetic programs and service values and increase sales by analyzing customers' psychological characteristics and encouraging esthetic salons to provide desirable services. In addition, it is anticipated that the study results would provide basic data which are needed to develop a relationship marketing-based esthetic consultation manual.

本研究旨在通过问卷调查方式阐明根据不同专业皮肤管理类型，自我意识和身体意识对主观满意度产生的影响。为此，面向居住在京畿地区的300名满24岁至满64岁的成年女性，在2021年2月1日至2021年3月2日为期1个月左右的时间里共发放300份问卷，回收了285份有效调查问卷。 本研究得出的结论如下。 第一，对不同专业皮肤管理类型是否引发自我意识差异的分析结果显示，在面部皮肤管理方面，美白管理会引发较高的个人自我意识和公共自我意识以及社会焦虑，而在身体皮肤管理方面，瘦身管理会引发相对较高的社会焦虑。(p<.05) 第二，对不同专业皮肤管理类型是否引发身体意识差异的分析结果显示，在面部皮肤管理方面，美白管理会引发较高的身体自信或身体不满，而在头皮皮肤管理方面，油脂性头皮管理会引发较高的身体自信。(p>.05) 第三，考察自我意识是否对主观满意度产生影响的结果显示，三个下级因素中公共自我意识(β=.186、p<.01)和个人自我意识(β=.184、p<.01)对主观满意度产生正向影响。因此，公共及个人自我意识越高，主观满意度就越高。第四，考察身体意识是否对主观满意度产生影响的结果显示，身体管理实践努力(β=.434、p<.001)和身体自信(β=.217、p<.001)对主观满意度产生正向影响。由此可知，相比自我意识，身体意识更能影响主观满意度，而在影响身体意识的下级因素中，身体管理实践努力的影响力最强。 基于本研究结果，不仅可以掌握顾客心理特点，为顾客引导提供量身定制服务，而且通过让顾客感到满意的皮肤美容室顾客服务项目，可实现顾客再次访问以及提高收益的目标。另外，本研究结果可用于开发基于人际关系的皮肤管理营销及咨询手册的基础性资料。

The purpose of this study was to identify the influence factors on the attitude of the advance medical directives by identifying the knowledge, attitude about advanced medical directives and biomedical ethics awareness among nursing students. The study was conducted using descriptive survey, among 193 nursing students from June 14 to 30, 2021. Responses were analyzed using SPSS WIN 25.0. Students’ knowledge, attitudes of the advance medical directives and biomedical ethics awareness were measured using a structured self-report questionnaires. Influencing factors emerged in the order of knowledge, biomedical ethics awareness, and legal knowledge on life-sustaining care advanced medical directives with an explanatory power of 38.1%. The results of this study provide basic data for developing an educational program to increase the knowledge of advance directives on life-sustaining health care and biomedical ethics awareness in order to cultivate attitudes toward advanced life-sustaining medical care among nursing students.

本研究的目的是从美甲课堂质量对学习满意度的影响关系层面考察学习投入的调节效果。研究方法采用SPSS 23.0和SPSS PROCESS 3.4.1。另外，为了通过研究模型验证考察调节效果，对资料进行中心化处理(meancentering)，并进行了归回分析。经分析，得出如下研究结果。第一，在课堂质量和学习满意度关系方面，认知投入的调节效果只呈现在课堂内容和相互作用变量上，在课堂环境变量上却没有呈现调节效果。也就是说，认知投入在课堂内容及相互作用变量方面发挥调节作用，但在课堂环境变量上不具有调节效果。第二，在课堂质量和学习满意度关系上，情感投入的调节效果只表现在课堂内容和相互作用变量生，在课堂环境变量上却没有呈现调节效果。换句话说，情感投入在课堂内容及相互作用变量方面发挥调节作用，但在课堂环境变量上不具有调节效果。

This study is a descriptive survey designed to examine the influence of major selection on career choice intention against college students from the department of cosmetology. For this, a mobile questionnaire survey was performed against 160 college students majoring in cosmetology at a junior college in Gyeongsangnam-do and Jeolla-do. A total of 143 copies were collected for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 24.0, and the results found the followings: In major selection ranking, ‘major selected according to interest’ was the highest. When asked about career choice intention ranking, ‘academic major-related career’ was most responded. Both extrinsic and intrinsic motivations for major selection revealed a positive correlation with job security, social career view and personal career view. Furthermore, such motivations for major selection had a statistically significant influence on career choice intention. They affected job security, social career view and personal career view with statistical significance. Therefore, it is required to help college students majoring in cosmetology understand that major selection increases their career choice intention and enhance motivation for major selection.

本研究是面向美容系大学生确认专业选择对职业意向产生的影响的阐述性调查研究。为了研究，以庆南和全罗地区专科大学的美容系160名学生为对象实施了手机问卷调查，对于收集的143份有效问卷调查，利用SPSS.24软件进行了分析。经分析研究发现，在专业选择排序中, 回答‘因感兴趣和符合自己趣味而选择相应专业’的比例最高，而在职业选择意向排序中，回答‘将来会选择和专业相关的职业’的比例最高。选择专业的外在动机和内在动机分别与影响职业选择意向的下级因素，即职业稳定性、社会职业观和个人职业观呈现出正相关关系。另外, 分析结果显示，选择专业的外在动机和内在动机对职业选择意向产生积极影响的同时，对影响职业选择意向的下级因素，即职业稳定性、社会职业观和个人职业观也具有积极影响。由此可知，美容系大学生的专业选择是提高职业选择意向的重要因素，因此有必要制定增强专业选择动机的战略。

This study aims to increase the effectiveness of nail color management through the self-diagnosis of one's personal color. As color becomes more important in the age of sensibility, color selection is becoming more important in nail art, and a color that suits you can express clean skin, healthy beauty, and your personality and image, so choose a nail color that suits you. It is very important to do it (Yoo Seon-jin, 2006). An online questionnaire was circulated among women, focusing on color during nail care. The survey was conducted over 31 days, from July 14, 2021 to August 15, 2021, and a total of 247 copies were used as data for final analysis. According to this study, the satisfaction with nail color management associated with personal color is high, and the difference in satisfaction with nail color management with personal color self-diagnosis was most prevelent in summer cool tones (M=3.80). Therefore, in the future, the development of a personal color self-diagnosis system that can be easily performed by individuals and research on nail color management using the personal color self-diagnosis system have been studied extensively, and nail color management using the personal color self-diagnosis system has become more common. It is hoped that nail color management will be more effective in the future.

本研究的目的在于通过对个人色彩的自我诊断，提高美甲颜色管理效果。在感性时代，随着色彩的重要性越来越突出，美甲颜色的选用也变得更加重要。选用符合自己的颜色，不仅可以提亮肤色，而且可以凸显自己的健康美、个性以及形象，因此选择符合自己的美甲个人色彩是非常重要的。(柳善珍，2006) 以接受美甲个人色彩管理的女性为中心进行了在线问卷调查，调查期间为2021年7月14日至2021年8月15日为期31天，共收集247份有效问卷用于资料分析。通过研究发现，采用个人色彩的美甲呈现出较高满意度，而根据个人色彩自我诊断采用个人色彩的美甲管理案例中，选用夏季冷色系cool tone(M=3.80)个人色彩时呈现出较高的满意度。因此，希望今后大力开发简单方便的个人色彩自我诊断系统，并加大对利用个人色彩自我诊断系统的美甲管理研究，使采用个人色彩自我诊断系统的美甲颜色管理得到进一步普及，建立更加有效的美甲颜色管理系统。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of narcissistic personality and beauty benefits on makeup behavior. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against adult women in their 20-50s, and the collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 26.0. To analyze subjects’ general characteristics, frequency analysis was conducted. For factor analysis and reliability testing, in addition, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha were carried out respectively. In terms of a research method, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed, and the results found the followings: First, in the influence of narcissistic personality on makeup behavior, as other-dependent propensity increased, social management behavior was also high. As self-initiative tendency rose, furthermore, personal management behavior was high. Second, in the effects of beauty benefits on makeup behavior, symbolic benefits were greater than hedonic benefits in terms of influence on social management behavior while the former was smaller than the latter in terms of influence on personal management behavior. Third, in the effects of narcissistic personality on beauty benefits, as other-dependent propensity increased, both hedonic and symbolic benefits were high accordingly.

本研究旨在通过以20-59岁女性为对象的问卷调查，考察自恋倾向和美容受益对化妆行为产生的影响。资料分析采用SPSS26.0统计软件，对调查对象的普通特点进行了频率分析，同时为了验证探索性因素分析及其可信度，在因素分析中确认了 Cronbach’s α值。研究方法采用了Pearson相关分析和多重回归分析。经分析研究得出如下结论。第一，在自恋倾向对化妆行为产生的影响方面，他人依赖倾向越高，呈现出较高的社会管理行为，相反自我主观倾向越高，则个人管理行为更加突出。第二，在美容受益对化妆行为产生的影响方面，象征性受益比感性受益对社会管理行为产生更大的影响，而对于个人管理行为，感性受益比象征性受益产生更大的影响力。第三，在自恋倾向对美妆受益产生的影响中，他人依赖倾向越高，可获得更高的感性受益和象征性受益。

This study is a descriptive survey designed to investigate types of lifestyles against regular customers through their cosmetics-purchasing experience and examine their influence on purchase satisfaction and recommendation intention. For this, a mobile questionnaire survey was performed against 250 customers in Jeolla-do and Gyeongsang-do. A total of 243 copies were collected and analyzed using SPSS 21.0, and the results found the followings: In terms of factors having an influence on purchase satisfaction, ‘planned buying (=.433, p<.001)’ and ‘fashion buying (=.194, p=.001)’ were statistically significant with 22.6% explanatory power. Regarding factors affecting recommendation intention, they were not all statistically significant in ‘type of lifestyle’ while purchase satisfaction (=.627, p=.001) showed a statistical significance with 37.9% explanatory power. In cosmetics selling, therefore, it is required to promote marketing to increase purchase satisfaction by a lifestyle type, which could, in turn, enhance recommendation intention.

本研究作为阐述性调查研究，旨在通过普通消费者的化妆品购买体验，了解生活方式类型, 并确认对购买满意度和推荐意向产生的影响。为此，本研究以居住在全罗道和庆尚道的250名居民为对象进行了问卷调查。利用SPSS.21软件对243份有效问卷进行统计分析，得出如下研究结论。首先，对购买满意度产生影响的因素有计划购买型(=.433、p<.001)和流行追求型(= .194、p=.001)，这一分析解释力度为22.6%。其次，关于推荐意向影响因素，生活方式类型虽然没有产生影响，但购买满意度(=.627, p=.001)是对推荐意向产生影响的因素，这一分析解释力度为 37.9%。鉴于此，销售化妆品时，应该制定在不同生活方式类型中提高购买满意度的营销战略，同时还应该制定随着购买满意度的提升引发强烈推荐意向的相关战略。

This study attempted to compare character strength and job performances by demographic characteristics and investigate how they are correlated to each other against beauty industry workers. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against 500 cosmetologists in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do from April 15 to May 10, and a total of 449 copies were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS, and the results found the followings: First, in terms of character strength, a statistically significant difference was found by age, marital status, educational background, length of services and wage level. Second, concerning job performances, organizational commitment was significantly high in ‘age 40 or older’, ‘10 years or longer’ and ‘KRW 4 million or higher’. In addition, job satisfaction was high in ‘age 40 or older’ and ‘KRW 4 million or higher’. Third, all six character strength factors revealed a positive correlation with both organizational commitment and job satisfaction with statistical significance, which means that organizational performances can be enhanced by reinforcing character strength.

本研究旨在根据美容从业者的人口统计学特征，比较性格优势和工作成果的差异，确认两个变量之间的相关关系。为此，采用问卷调查的研究方法，面向釜山以及庆南地区500名美容行业从业者，在4月15日至5月10日期间进行了问卷调查。对收集的449份有效问卷，利用SPSS统计软件进行分析，得出如下结论。第一，根据人口统计学特征比较性格优势发现，年龄, 婚姻状况、学历、工作经历、月收入等对性格优势产生影响。第二，根据人口统计学特征比较工作成果发现，年龄超过40岁、工作经验超过10年、月收入400万以上的应答者的组织忠诚度分数较高。第三，影响性格优势的6个下级因素都对组织忠诚度、工作满意度呈现出正向关联性。由此可知，强化性格优势有助于提升组织成果。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of narcissistic personality and beauty benefits on makeup behavior. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against adult women in their 20-50s, and the collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 26.0. To analyze subjects’ general characteristics, frequency analysis was conducted. For factor analysis and reliability testing, in addition, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s α were carried out respectively. In terms of a research method, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed, and the results found the followings: First, in the influence of narcissistic personality on makeup behavior, as other-dependent propensity increased, social management behavior was also high. As self-initiative tendency rose, furthermore, personal management behavior was high. Second, in the effects of beauty benefits on makeup behavior, symbolic benefits were greater than hedonic benefits in terms of influence on social management behavior while the former was smaller than the latter in terms of influence on personal management behavior. Third, in the effects of narcissistic personality on beauty benefits, as other-dependent propensity increased, both hedonic and symbolic benefits were high accordingly.

本研究以从事老年服务的社会福利师和老年疗养机构的疗养师为对象，分析了老年美容志愿服务满意度和促进老年美容志愿服务以及志愿服务分类必要性之间的关系。分析方法，先采用SPSS WIN 23.0进行了探索性因素分析，然后利用斯皮尔曼相关系数分析了相关关系。此外，为了了解面向老人的美容服务志愿者的满意度和志愿服务必要性之间的相互影响关系, 实施了多重回归分析。经分析研究得出如下结论。首先，在统计学中的显著性水平下，内在满意度对促进老年美容志愿服务活动必要性产生影响。(p<.001) 另外，在老年美容志愿服务满意度和老年美容志愿服务类型必要性之间的关系方面，在统计学中的显著性水平下，内在满意度和外在满意度都对促进老年美容志愿服务活动必要性产生影响。(p<.001)由此可见, 对老年美容志愿服务的满意度越高，越能促进老年美容志愿服务活动。鉴于此，应丰富美容志愿服务类型，开展多种方式的志愿服务。利用本研究成果，在老年福利框架内，为完善美容福利发展方案做出多方努力的话，迎合未来老龄化时代，可以大力发展老年美容福利这一未经开拓的全新领域。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of appearance satisfaction on psychological wellbeing by appearance management motives against adult men in Busan and provide basic data which are needed in providing high-quality beauty services and promoting beauty marketing for men. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed against 400 adult men (aged 20-50s) in Busan, and a total of 390 copies excluding 10 poorly answered ones were used for final analysis. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 25, and the results found the followings: First, appearance management motives were divided into trend setting, self-development, self-presentation and personality expression. Concerning the influence of such factors on appearance satisfaction, ‘trend setting’ and ‘self-presentation’ revealed a positive influence with statistical significance while ‘self-development’ showed a negative effect. Therefore, the hypothesis was rejected. In addition, ‘personality expression’ failed to display a statistically significant influence. Second, regarding the effects of appearance management on psychological wellbeing, psychological wellbeing was divided into positive interpersonal relationship, purpose of life, self-acceptance and autonomy. A positive influence with statistical significance was found in all psychological wellbeing factors. Therefore, appearance satisfaction was high by ‘trend setting’ and ‘self-presentation’. It was also confirmed that appearance satisfaction had an influence on psychological wellbeing.

本研究旨在根据釜山地区成年男性的不同外貌管理动机，了解外貌满意度对心理治愈产生的影响，为男性提供符合外貌管理动机的美容服务，提供有助于男性美容营销活动的基础性资料。为此，在2021年9月1日至9月5日期间，以釜山地区400名20-59岁成年男性为对象实施了问卷调查，其中对10份未诚实解答的问卷进行了作废处理，收集的其余390份有效问卷用于资料分析。经分析研究得出如下结论。首先，外貌管理动机因素可分为引领流行、自我开发、自我炫耀、个性展现四种类型。分析以上四种因素对外貌满意度产生的影响发现，引领流行因素和自我炫耀因素都对外貌满意度产生非常积极肯定的影响，但自我开发因素却产生消极影响，因此推翻了原有假设。此外,个性展现因素对外貌满意度的影响也没有呈现出具有统计学意义。第二，分析外貌满意度对心理治愈因素产生的影响发现，心理治愈因素可以分为积极的人际关系、生活目的、自我接纳、自律性四种类型，而且外貌满意度在心理治愈所有因素中都产生了正向影响。鉴于此, 男性外貌管理动机中引领流行、自我炫耀因素有助于提高外貌满意度，而外貌满意度对心理治愈产生影响。

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of nursing students' hospital practice and in-school practice education. The subjects of this study were 55 students who were enrolled in their 4th-year of nursing school. They submitted self-filling questionnaire at random. The data collection period was from July 5 to August 2, 2021, and the collected data was analyzed using the SPSS 25.0 program. There were no statistically significant differences in critical thinking disposition, problem-solving process, nursing performance, and post-practicum satisfaction between the subject's hospital practice group and their in-school practice group. In the post-practicum evaluation of the subjects, in the practical content area (out of 65), which is a sub-area, the hospital practice group scored 57.60±7.98 and the in-school practice group scored 59.22±3.15. Based on the results of this study, if hospital practice is a limited clinical practice subject, it can be used as basic data for the development of various educational methods.

本研究是为了比较护士大学学生的医院实习和校内实习教育的效果而进行的阐述性比较调查研究。为此，从护士系4年级在校生中任意抽样55名为研究对象，实施了主观填写型问卷调查。对于在2021年7月5日至8月2日期间收集的问卷调查资料，利用SPSS25.0进行了分析。分析结果显示，医院实习组合校内实习组之间的批判性思维倾向、解决问题过程、护理能力, 实习满意度之间并没有出现具有统计学意义的差异。实习后进行的评分调查中发现，在实习内容方面(65分为满分)，医院实习组的评分为57.60±7.98，而校内实习组的评分为59.22±3.15，由此可见校内实习评分略高于医院实习。对于医院实习受到限制的临床实习课程来说，本研究结果可用于开发多种教育方法的基础资料。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of the perception of retraining on working ability against cosmetologists and examine current retraining status and curriculums. For this, data were collected and analyzed, using IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0. Subjects’ general characteristics, job type and retraining status were estimated through percentage and frequency analysis. In addition, means, standard deviation, percentage and frequency analysis were used to assess retraining and analyze financial performances by retraining characteristics, working ability from a technical perspective, retraining characteristics and customer service skills. The results found the followings: First, concerning retraining characteristics, 82.2% respondents were positive in ‘helpful for self-development’. Second, in terms of financial performances, 75.7% had a positive response in ‘contribution to increase in sales due to technical skill improvements’ and ‘efficient time management’. Third, 75.7% revealed high financial performances in ‘self-confident in using technical skills’ and ‘better understanding of theories’. Fourth, after retraining, the respondents showed a positive response in ‘I’m making my best efforts in customer services’, ‘able to cope with customer complaints in a more flexible fashion’ and ‘confident in communication with customers’. Fifth, ‘helpful for business management’, ‘helpful for interpersonal relationships’ and ‘sufficient qualification as instructor’ had a statistically significant influence on financial performances.

本研究旨在了解从事护肤美容业的从业者再教育认识对实践能力产生的影响以及目前实施的再教育内容等再教育现况。为此，本文利用IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0软件进行了资料分析。关于分析方法，首先以百分比和频率分析方法计算出一般特点、工作模式、再教育现况，其次利用平均及标准偏差、百分比、频度分析方法计算出由不同学员再教育评价和再教育特点带来的财务成果、再教育特点和技术层面上的实践能力、再教育特点和顾客服务实践能力。经分析得出如下结果。第一，在再教育特点方面，‘对自我开发有帮助’的选项获得了82.2%的肯定评价。第二，在财务成果方面，‘再教育后专业技能得到提高，并带来美容院营业额增长’、‘再教育后可有效利用闲暇时间’的选项获得了75.7%的肯定评价。第三，‘再教育后对应用专业技能产生信心’、‘再教育后对专业理论的理解能力得到提高’的选项获得75.7%的评价，财务成果获得增加。第四，‘再教育后更加竭尽全力服务好每位顾客’、‘再教育后产生了能够更灵活应对顾客投诉事宜的自信’、‘更有自信与顾客进行沟通’等选项都获得了肯定评价。第五，财务成果分析结果显示，再教育对改善经营、搞好人际关系、提高讲师能力等方面具有积极作用，而且有助于提高财务成果。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of beauty-salon relational benefits on continuance intention against young elderly people. For this, collected data were analyzed by frequency analysis and exploratory factor analysis, using SPSS 23.0. For difference analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVA were performed. To analyze correlations among variables, Pearson’s correlation coefficient was used. Furthermore, multiple regression analysis was conducted to investigate influence on variables. The study results found the followings: First, continuance intention revealed no difference by age, occupation, educational background, religion, monthly allowance and housemate. Second, social and psychological benefits had a positive effect on continuance intention with statistical significance. In other words, as such social and psychological benefits increased, continuance intention got stronger. In terms of influence on continuance intention, social benefits were greater than psychological benefits.

本研究的目的在于考察了解年轻老人的美容院关系利益对持续使用意向产生的的影响。为了分析资料，采用SPSS23.0统计软件实施了频率分析和探索性因素分析。研究方法则采用差异分析、T-test以及人员布置分散分析。此外，为了分析变量间的相关关系进行了Pearson相关分析，而为了了解变量之间的相互影响关系实施了多重回归分析。通过上述分析得出如下研究结论。第一，持续使用意向并没有因年龄、职业、学历、宗教、每月零用钱、同居者等因素出现差异。第二，影响关系利益的下级因素，即社会受益和心理受益对持续使用意向产生正向影响。也就是说，社会受益和心理受益水平越高，持续使用意向越强烈。另外，相比心理受益，社会受益对持续使用意向的影响力更大。

In eye makeup, eyelash curling accounts for the largest portion, and it has a significant influence on the formation of clear eyes. Under such circumstances, this study attempted to investigate people’s perception and preferences of lash lift against adult women in their 20-50s. As ‘point makeup’ has drawn more attention, there have been changes in perception of eyelash perm. Therefore, it is anticipated that the study results would be available as basic data which are needed to provide positive services and satisfy customers at the same time. The study results found the followings: In terms of differences in perception of eyelash perm by age, it is mostly experienced and perceived in all ages. The respondents also recognized that they would be able to change their eye image through eyelash perm. In addition, many respondents said that they have clear eyes thanks to lash lift. Regarding preferences of eyelash perm by age, it is confirmed that a more fascinating image can be created with natural and clear eyes.

由于翘睫术在美眼美容中所占据的比重最高，再加上对突出清晰眼部轮廓有着重要的影响，因此本研究计划了解20-59岁女性对翘睫术的认识以及喜好差异。 随着眼部妆容越来越受到关注，对可使眼部妆容更加靓丽且健康管理眼睫毛的翘睫术认识也发生了变化，因此本研究将作为让顾客获得满意服务的基础性研究资料。 经分析研究发现，随着年龄的增加，对于翘睫毛的认识，所有年龄段都出现了认识差异，但对于翘睫术可以改变眼部形象的认识是一致的。另外，回答翘睫术有助于突出眼部轮廓的比重较高，而对于翘睫术的各年龄段喜好度调查结果显示，普遍认为翘睫术能带来自然而清晰的眼部变化，而且能呈现出更具魅力的妆容。

This study attempted to investigate the influence of online involvement on objectified body consciousness and body shape management behavior against high school girls. A scope of the study was limited to Facebook, Instagram and YouTube among their most popular social media platforms. The collected data were analyzed, using SPSS 26.0. To analyze subjects’ general characteristics, frequency analysis was conducted. In addition, exploratory factor analysis and Cronbach’s Alpha were carried out for factor analysis and reliability testing respectively. In terms of a research method, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were performed, and the results found the followings: First, ‘passive involvement’ had a positive influence on ‘body surveillance’ and ‘body shame’. Second, both ‘active involvement’ and ‘passive involvement’ revealed no effect on control beliefs. In addition, ‘passive involvement’ showed a positive influence on ‘body shape management behavior’.

本研究的目的在于考察了解女高中生的在线参与度对个体化身体意识和体型管理行为产生的影响。为此，研究范围限定在目前女高中生使用率最高的脸书、照片墙和油管等三个在线社交媒体。另外，为了分析资料，采用SPSS26.0统计软件，对调查对象的普通特点实施了频率分析，而为了探索性因素分析以及验证其可信度，在因素分析中确认了Cronbach’s α值。本文研究方法选用Pearson相关分析和多重回归分析，得出如下结论。第一，消极的参与度分别对身体监视性和身体羞耻心产生了静态影响。第二，不管是积极的参与度还是消极的参与度, 都对控制信念没有产生影响。另一方面，消极的参与度对体型管理行为也产生了静态影响。