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This study attempted to investigate subjects’ general characteristics, self-diagnosis of scalp and hair conditions, perception of hair loss, dietary habit and lifestyle against 272 adult men and women living in Seoul, Incheon and Gyeonggi-go from October 20 to December 20, 2020 and compare their scalp & hair loss care behavior, and the results found the followings: In terms of a percentage of using natural shampoo and hair loss-care shampoo, a group with a high perception of hair loss was higher than a group with a low perception of hair loss (p<.05). In terms of the experience of scalp & hair loss care, the group with a high perception of hair loss was greater than the group with a low perception of hair loss (p<.01). When asked about their greatest effort to prevent hair loss, the group with a high perception of hair loss answered ‘careful selection of scalp & hair care products’ and ‘taking nutrients’ while the group with a low perception of hair loss said ‘stress management’ and ‘regular sleep-wake pattern’ (p<.05). Concerning effective scalp & hair loss care, ‘professional care’, ‘preventive care’ and ‘treatment’ were high with statistical significance in the group with a low perception of hair loss while ‘unnecessary (16.0%)’ was mostly responded in the group with a low perception of hair loss (p<.001).

本研究旨在以20多岁至60多岁的成年男女为对象，了解不同性别和年龄段对头皮及毛发、脱发的自我诊断情况，比较由饮食 习惯、生活习惯、脱发认知度引发的管理行为差异，为头皮及毛发产业提供必要的资料。2020年10月20日至12月20日期间， 以居住在首尔、仁川以及京畿道的271名成年男女为研究对象，调查了他们的一般特性、对头皮及毛发状态的自我诊断情况、脱 发认知度、饮食习惯、生活习惯，并根据他们的认知水平，对头皮及毛发管理行为进行了比较。首先，把研究对象划分为脱发认 知水平高、饮食习惯和生活习惯良好的小组(高认知小组)和脱发认知水平低、饮食及生活习惯不佳的小组(低认知小组)，对头皮 及毛发管理行为差异进行了调查。经调查发现，脱发认知度高的小组使用天然洗发露和防脱发洗发露的比例高于低认的小组。另 外，高认知小组的头皮及脱发管理经验多于低认知小组，而有过头皮及脱发管理经验的高认知小组多在脱发管理中心接受管理服 务，低认知小组则利用美容院的比例更高。为防止脱发，高认知小组最注重的是产品选用和营养剂的服用，而低认知小组则更多 关注减少压力和有规律的睡眠。在有效的头皮及防脱发管理行为方面，脱发认知高的小组更注重专业性管理和预防管理以及治疗 等，但脱发认知低的小组则认为管理收效甚微，因此不做脱发管理的比例高。

This study chose 24 hair dyes from 3 different brands as an experimental group and measured hair coloring results using a colorimeter. Data were then extracted from and analyzed through Korea Standard Color Analysis (KSCA) and color analysis software and the results found the following: ‘L’ company revealed a large difference between the color chart colors and the experimental result colors. Also, it was mostly higher than other companies in terms of lightness. Furthermore, it showed great red coloring in along with ‘A’ company. In terms of color development, orange revealed the greatest performance. In contrast, ‘W’ company was lowest in terms of the difference between the color chart colors and the experimental result colors. In fact, it showed weak red coloring. When hair was colored with medium-lightness dyes, the highest bleaching effects were observed with a great vividness of color. ‘A’ company revealed great coloring in warm colors. A8.55 showed the highest saturation among all types. It was higher in saturation but low in lightness compared to other companies. When the dyed colors were analyzed with the Munsell color system, red, yellow-red, and natural colors were mostly found in ‘L’ company while ‘W’ company primarily focused on yellow-red and yellow colors. In addition, bluish red and reddish violet were found. Furthermore, it revealed a medium-saturated color distribution and showed a great performance in developing a specific color.

本研究选定3家品牌公司的24个染发剂为实验组，用测色计测量对20-29岁女性头发样品进行的染发结果，并利用韩国标准色色 彩分析(KSCA)及色彩分析软件抽取资料并进行了分析。研究结果显示，L公司的实验结果颜色与染发色板的色差最大，而且相 比其他2家公司，明度也相对较高。另外，A公司和L公司红色(Red)系列的上色效果比较好，尤其橙色的着色效果最佳。在三家 公司中，W公司的实验结果颜色与染发色板的色差最小，红色系列的着色效果较弱，中明度以上的染发剂飘色效果最好，而且颜 色最为鲜明。A公司在红色系列呈现出较高的着色效果，而且A公司的8.55产品在所有类型中呈现出最佳色度。相比其他公司，A 公司总体上呈现出较高的色度和较低的明度。利用孟塞尔颜色系统对染发结果颜色进行分析的结果显示，L公司的染发剂主要为 Red、Yellow Red、Natural系列，W公司的产品多为Yellow Red、Yellow系列。在显色方面，W公司的红色系列带有蓝红色， 紫色系列(Violet)则呈现红紫色染发效果。总体的来说，颜色多为中色度颜色，具有提亮颜色及上色强的优点。在三家公司中，A 公司的染发剂颜色分布最广，多为高色度，色素含量高。经试验，三家企业都没有出现Blue Green、Blue、Green Yellow、 Green、Purple Blue、Purple系列的染发颜色。

This study attempted to prove that art makeup and déformation, which have been used as tools for spiritual liberation from modern people's stress, can create new art makeup styles. For this, five different techniques derived through classification tree analysis during the review and analysis of previous studies were classified: simplification, exaggeration, distortion, déformation, cutting/damage. Then, a total of 10 different art makeup styles were applied to models, and the results found the following: First, déformation was divided into 3 different expression techniques: simplification, exaggeration, distortion. From a formative perspective, deformation and cutting/damage were observed. Second, in terms of a painterly standpoint, 4 art makeup expression techniques were derived: gradation, brushing, stencil, dotted inscription. From a formative perspective, art makeup was expressed through object techniques. Third, déformation-based painterly art makeup was applied to models. The formative art makeup of déformation was freely expressed through creative ideations, such as omission, damage, and déformation.

艺术化妆和变形经常被现代人用来排解压力、获得精神自由。本文研究目的在于阐明艺术化妆和变形也是一种艺术类型，从而重 新定义艺术化妆的艺术风格。通过考察及先行研究等研究方法，类型划分为简化、夸张、歪曲、畸形化、损毁切断等五种技法。 在此基础上，把10个艺术化妆作品呈现在模特身上。本研究结果如下。首先，在绘画上呈现的变形可划分简化、夸张、歪曲三种 表现方法，而在造型方面则呈现出畸形化、切断毁损的特点。第二，在绘画层面，艺术化妆的表现手法可划分为层次、涂抹、模 板、点刻4种技法。另外，在造型方面是通过物体表现艺术化妆的。第三，在此基础上，把变形绘画艺术化妆应用在模特身 上。另外，变形造型艺术化妆不再局限于固定模式，而是通过省略、毁损、变形等创意方法，自由呈现在模特身上。

This study aimed to assess the influence of professional facial skincare on skin health and beauty in middle-aged women and provide clinical data needed in developing professional and effective skincare programs. To control the influence of exogenous variables, ten (10) subjects of similar age (middle-aged women in their 40s) and occupation were chosen, and experiments were performed in a one-group pretest-posttest design over twelve (12) weeks. The skincare effects were analyzed quantitatively by measuring changes in the wrinkle area, pigmentation area, and pore area before and after the skincare treatments. The results found the following: First, the wrinkle and pigmentation areas decreased with a statistically significant difference after skincare. In terms of the pore area, the nose area revealed a statistically significant difference. Second, the wrinkle and pigmentation areas decreased with a statistically significant difference over time, while no statistically significant difference was observed in the pore area. The above results confirm that aestheticians’ professional facial skincare effectively improves wrinkles according to clinical trials performed to objectify and quantify such effects. However, in terms of influence of professional skincare on pigmentation, wrinkles and pores, the experiment before and after the skincare was greater than the weekly experiment with statistical significance. This study suggests theoretical grounds needed to develop skincare programs and products which are useful in keeping the skin healthy and youthful.

本研究目的在于评估中年女性的脸部专业皮肤管理对皮肤健康及保持容颜产生的影响，并为开发有效的专业皮肤管理项目提供 临床资料。为控制外生变量的影响，在40多岁中年女性中选定了年龄和职业相仿的10名实验对象，并以One group pretest– posttest design的方式进行了为期12周的实验研究。为了查看皮肤管理效果方面，对皱纹面积、色素沉淀面积、毛孔面积的前后 变化进行了定量测量。对比专业皮肤管理前后效果发现，皱纹、色素沉淀面积都得到了改善，而在毛孔方面，鼻部的毛孔有所缩 小。其次，按周对比专业皮肤管理效果发现，皱纹及色素沉淀面积得到改善，但毛孔方面并未出现改善效果。为了量化美容师的 脸部专业皮肤管理效果而进行的上述临床结果中可以看出，皮肤管理对改善皱纹有显著效果。另外，专业皮肤管理前后对比的色 素沉淀、皱纹、毛孔方面的改善效果优于周次对比效果。这一研究结果为开发能够保持健康美丽皮肤的皮肤管理项目及产品提供 了可靠的理论依据。

현대인들은 시각적 욕구가 다양해지고 개성화되면서 감성적인 수준의 향상은 예술과 디자인 분야의 관심이 증폭되었으 며 그로 인해 미용 또한 단순한 아름다움을 표현하고자 하는 디자인이 아닌 인간의 내적 외적인 자기표현수단으로 중요 하게 부각되어 미용디자인과 예술의 융합은 앞으로도 지속적으로 요구될 것이다. 따라서 예술은 네일 디자인의 창작에 큰 영향을 미치고 있다고 볼 수 있으며 특히 조형적 요소 중 점, 선, 면, 색채는 네일 아트에도 매우 중요한 디자인의 요소로 작용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 네일아트와 조형예술의 통합을 네일 디자인에 적용하고자 추상주의의 선구자이 며 신조형주의의 이론을 확립한 몬드리안의 작품을 조형적으로 분석하고 수직, 수평선과 삼원색의 모티브를 응용하여 네일아트 디자인에 접목하여 제작하고자하였다. 이러한 디자인 발상은 좀 더 차별화된 네일아트디자인에 대한 요구와 네일아트 디자인 발전에 기여할 것이라 사료된다.

In modern society, people’s visual desires have become more unique and diverse. The improvement of the level of sensitivity has increased the interest in art and design, which has resulted in design targeted cosmetology or the expression of beauty emerging as a self-expressive means of both inner and outer beauty. Therefore, it is anticipated that demand for the convergence between cosmetology design and art will continue. For this reason, it appears that art will continue to have a significant influence on the creation of nail designs. Among plastic elements, point, line plane, and color play significant roles in nail art. Due to these circumstances, this study attempted to apply the integration of nail art and plastic art to nail design. For this, it analyzed the works of Piet Mondrian, a pioneer of abstract painting, who established the theory of Neo-Plasticism and applied horizontal and vertical lines and three primary colors to nail design. It is expected that such design ideation would contribute to the request for more differentiated nail designs and the development of nail art.

Organizational citizenship behavior of people working in the industry of hair-beauty can prevent people from escaping from respective organizations as well as contribute to the realization of organizational performance of hair-shops efficiently. The present study aimed to identify the effect of self-leadership of members of hair-shop, the significant factor in regard to the enhancement of organizational performance, upon organizational citizenship behavior. A total of 207 members, working in the franchise hair-shops residing in Busan metropolitan area were selected as subjects of the present study for the survey conducted during the period from April 19 to May 3, 2020, employing the self-administered questionnaire on self-leadership and organizational citizenship behavior. The data collected from the questionnaires were processed by using the SPSS Statistical Package (Ver. 24.0) to attain results of frequency analysis, t-test, ANOVA, post-analysis (Duncan's Method), and multiple linear regression analyses. Level of self-leadership of subjects was 3.75±0.53 points comparing to full-score of 5.0 point, wherein it was the highest from members of average monthly income of 3-million KRW (p<0.05). Level of organizational citizenship behavior was 3.57±0.48 points comparing to full-score of 5.0 point, wherein the level of members of the last educational background of university graduation was the highest points of 3.85±0.58 (p<0.01). The results of multiple linear regression analysis revealed the level of self-leadership as increasing in accordance with increasing level of organizational citizenship behavior (p<0.05). The self-leadership of members, engaging in the industry of hair-beauty, appeared with significant effect on the organizational citizenship behavior. It seems a fair and reasonable compensation system, as well as the training for self-development through systematic educational courses, is necessary for the reinforcement of self-leadership of members working in hair-shops.

在美发美容行业中，组织公民行为可以防止员工离职，同时有助于达成组织目标。本文研究目的在于掌握美发店员工 的自我激励作为有效提高美发店组织成果的重要因素，对组织公民行为产生的影响。本研究在2020年4月19日至2020年5 月3日期间以位于釜山地区的连锁美发店207员工为对象，就自我激励和组织公民行为，进行了自填式问卷调查。在5分 制标准下，应答者的自我激励平均分数为3.75±0.53，其中月平均收入超过300万韩元的员工自我激励分数最高(p<0.0 5)。另外，组织公民行为的平均分数为3.57±0.48，其中最高学历为4年本科以上的员工组织公民行为最高，其分数为 3.85±0.58(p<0.01)。多重回归分析结果显示，自我激励越高，组织公民行为表现也越高(p<0.05)。由此可见，美发店员 工的自我激励对组织公民行为产生影响，因此为了提高美发店员工的组织公民行为，应加强增强自我激励的系统性培训 及自我开发训练，同时应具备公正合理的奖励体系。

In response to rapid social changes, people’s interest in aesthetics has risen considerably. As a result, a cosmetologists’ role has become more important. Furthermore, more cosmetologists have engaged in leisure activities for self-management and self-development. This study attempted to investigate the relationships between leisure competence and job satisfaction. For this, a questionnaire survey was performed among cosmetologists in Seoul and Gangwon from October 2019 to March 2020. A total of 298 copies were used for the final analysis. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0, and the results found the following: According to factor analysis, leisure competence was divided into cognitive leisure competence and social leisure competence, while job satisfaction was classified into job satisfaction, actual job satisfaction, and mental job satisfaction. In addition, validity and reliability were confirmed for each factor. In correlation analysis, a positive correlation was found at a .001 significance level. According to regression analysis, social leisure competence had a positive effect on job satisfaction (p<.05), mental job satisfaction (p<.001), and actual job satisfaction (p<.001). In contrast, cognitive leisure competence revealed a positive influence only on actual job satisfaction (p<.001). Therefore, it is anticipated that cosmetologists could have satisfaction and pride as business owners and professionals if they could enhance the quality of life through active leisure activities.

随着社会变化加快，人们对美的关注度越来越高了，而且美容师的作用也变得越来越重要。另外，作为从事专业性工作的职场 人，为了注重自我管理和自我开发，越来越多的美容师开始进行休闲活动。为了考察美容师来在休闲活动中获得的休闲能力和职 业满意度之间的关系，本文在2019年10月至2020年3月期间以首尔和江原道为中心进行了298份问卷调查。通过SPSS 21.0统计程 序进行分析，得出的结果如下。在要素分析中，休闲能力被分为认知性休闲能力和社会性休闲能力，而职业满意度则被划分为职 务满意度、实际满意度、精神满意度等三个因素，同时确保了各因素的合理性和可信度。相互关系分析结果显示，在各要素之间 显著性水平.001上呈现正相关关系。回归分析结果显示，在显著性水平之下，社会性休闲能力因素对职务满意度(p<.05)、精神满 意度(p<.001)、实际满意度(p<.001)产生正向影响。另外，认知性休闲能力因素只对职业的实际满意度(p<.001)产生正向影响。 由此可知，社会性休闲能力对职务、精神以及实际满意度都产生积极影响，认知性休闲能力因素相比职务、精神满意度，对实际 职业满意度产生了积极影响。鉴于此，美容师应通过各类休闲活动，提高自身的生活质量，并作为专业职场人和经营人，积极创 造令人满意且引以为豪的成果。

This study attempted to investigate i) value factors in a business model, ii) service justice, and iii) relationship commitment-voluntary behavior relations from the perspectives of acquisition, maintenance, and expansion & reinforcement of customer relationships, respectively, using a structural model. For this, a total of 628 consumers who had received nail services in the past were chosen and classified by business type (sole proprietorship, franchise). After path analysis, the results found the following: First, in a sole proprietorship business, value proposal, core activity, customer relationship, information channel, and core resources had a significant influence on distributive justice, while core activity, customer relationship, information channel, and core resources revealed a statistically significant effect on procedural justice. In addition, value proposal, key partner, core activity, customer relationship, information channel, and core resources showed a statistically significant influence on interactional justice. In the franchise business model, value proposal and core resources significantly influenced distributive justice, while value proposal, core activity, and core resources revealed a significant effect on procedural justice. Value proposal, key partner, information channel, and core resources showed a statistically significant effect on interactional justice. Second, distributive, procedural, and interactional justices had a significant influence on relationship commitment in both sole proprietorship and franchise models. Third, relationship commitment also showed a statistically significant effect on voluntary behavior in both business models.

本研究目的在于从建立美甲美容服务的顾客关系层面了解商业模式价值因素，继而从保持顾客关系层面了解服务的公平性，并 从拓展并加强顾客关系层面掌握拉近关系和自发行为之间相互影响关系，并建立两者间的结构模型。为此，本研究把有美甲美容 服务经验的628名消费者定为样本，并根据不同商业类型(个人店、连锁店)模式，对其进行了路径分析。经路径分析，得出的结论 如下。首先，从个人店模型层面上看，价值建议、核心活动、顾客关系、信息渠道、核心资源对分配公平性产生了影响；核心活 动、顾客关系、信息渠道、核心资源对流程公平性产生了影响；价值建议、核心伙伴、核心活动、顾客关系、信息渠道、核心资 源对相互作用公平性产生了影响。另外，从连锁店模型层面上看，价值建议、核心资源对分配公平性产生了影响；价值建议、核 心活动、核心资源对流程公平性产生了影响；价值建议、核心伙伴、信息渠道、核心资源对相互作用公平性产生了影响。其次， 分配公平性、刘晨公平性、相互作用公平性对个人店和连锁店模型中的拉近关系方面产生了影响。最后，拉近关系对个人店和连 锁店模型中的自发行为产生了影响。

This study attempted to develop calligraphic designs for cosmetics brands, using KAKAO FRIENDS emoticons. For this, adjective emotional words were extracted and analyzed by FGI and Charles Osgood. Then the Kakao Friends names were designed using Korean calligraphy. The results found the following: First, Ryan represents a big blunt male lion while Apeach symbolizes a playful character. In addition, Muzi becomes shy easily, and Con looks like a small crocodile. Second, Ryan has a manly and intelligent image, while Apeach is feminine, lovely, and cute. Muzi is gentle and playful, while Con is unique, dark, and wild. Based on such characteristics of the emoticons, this study developed calligraphy designs for cosmetics brands.

本研究目的在于使用可可朋友表情包制作化妆品品牌的美术字。为此，利用定性调查方法FGI和查尔斯·奥斯古德的心理学方 法，分析形容词词性的感性形象词汇，并利用经分析的形容词词性感性形象，把可可朋友表情包卡通形象的名字设计成韩文美术 字。本文经研究得出如下结论。首先，RYAN是雄狮形象，块头大，性格冷淡；APEACH是桃子形象，喜欢恶作剧，性格容易 害羞；CON是绿色鳄鱼形象。第二，RYAN是散发男性阳刚美且充满智慧的可爱形象；APEACH是拥有女人味且惹人爱的可爱 形象；MUJI是愉快、多情、有趣的形象；CON是充满个性且阴险粗鲁的形象。利用这些表情包的特点，设计了能够用于化妆品 品牌的美术字。

Collagen, the most abundant and ubiquitous fibrous protein in animals, is the main architectural element of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and constitutes a large portion of connective tissue proper, skin, tendon, cartilage and bone. Collagen provides skin with tensile strength, attachment sites for skin cells, elasticity and hydration, helping maintain mechanical stability or regeneration of skin. The importance of collagen is increasingly recognized as a key source of biomaterials for cosmetics. Commercial collagen has been traditionally extracted mainly from terrestrial mammals such as cattle and pigs. However, recently, marine collagen has attracted much attention, as a mammalian collagen substitute, from biomedical researchers to the cosmetic, food, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and biomedical industries, especially because of its easy extractability, water-solubility, safety, better chemical and physical durability, and wide availability. Thus, marine collagen is now become a valuable and widely used component in cosmetic formulation due to its significant beneficial effects on human skin. Collagens are usually extracted by acid and pepsin. Its popularity in cosmetology and dermatology is primarily associated with proven ability to enhance skin hydration and elasticity, and exhibit anti-skin aging activity. Moreover, marine collagen also has the potent antioxidant properties, thereby protecting skin cells against oxidative stress caused by free radicals and ultraviolet radiation on the skin. This study reviews literature on the skin care properties of marine collagen and its sources, extraction methods, types, structural modification, and fabrication methods for cosmetic applications.

胶原蛋白作为动物体内含量最丰富的纤维性蛋白质，既是细胞外壁基层的主要构成物质，也是构成固有结缔组织、皮肤、筋 条、软骨、骨头的成分。胶原蛋白可以维持皮肤张力，通过给皮肤细胞附着部位提供韧性和水分，起到支撑皮肤的作用。不仅如 此，胶原蛋白还具有保持皮肤功能、修复及再生功效。随着胶原蛋白的重要性日益凸显，逐渐成为化妆品的核心材料。长期以 来，工业领域的胶原蛋白主要来自牛和猪等陆地哺乳动物，但由于近期从海洋生物中提取的海洋胶原蛋白具有提取方便、获取容 易、水溶性、耐用性以及安全性等优点，因此作为哺乳动物胶原蛋白的取代品，海洋胶原蛋白受到医学生命科学研究、化妆品、 食品、健康食品、制药、生物医学产业等各领域的广泛关注。尤其，海洋胶原蛋白在改善皮肤方面具有显著的效果，因此成为广 泛应用于各类化妆品剂型的重要材料。胶原蛋白一般是从酸和胃蛋白酶中提取，主要功效有保湿、增加弹性、防止皮肤老化，所 以深得美容学以及皮肤学研究领域的青睐。另外，海洋胶原蛋白具有很强的抗氧化作用，可以让皮肤免受紫外线以及活性氧的氧 化损伤，从而保护皮肤细胞。因此本研究聚焦皮肤美容领域，主要考察海洋胶原蛋白的功效、特点、供应源、提取方法、类型、 结构变形以及化妆品应用领域的制造方法等。

This study attempted to investigate the psychological influence of sociocultural attitudes on body image and appearance. For this t-test, one-way ANOVA and correlation analysis were performed, using SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 23.0. In addition, path analysis and covariance structure analysis were conducted with a structural equation. Using the bootstrapping approach, mediating effects were derived and verified. The study results found the following: First, aesthetic healthcare behavior revealed a statistically significant influence in terms of the psychological effects of sociocultural attitudes on body image and appearance. Specifically, as ‘family’, ‘friend’, ‘mass media’, and ‘physical attractiveness’ improved, appearance management behavior (e.g., skincare, weight control, makeup, etc.) became more important. Second, concerning sociocultural attitudes on body image and appearance, the indirect mediating effects of aesthetic healthcare behavior were empirically verified, confirming statistical significance among the variables. It is anticipated that this study will form sociocultural attitudes on desirable appearance, improved quality of life and provide useful information and practical data to the aesthetic healthcare industry.

本研究目的在于考察对身形和容貌的社会文化态度给心理造成的影响。本文通过SPSS 25.0统计程序和AMOS 23.0统计程序进 行了t检验、一元配置分散分析、相互关系分析，并利用结构方程式实施了路径分析和共分散构造分析，用自举法 (Bootstrapping)验证了媒介效果。经分析，得出如下研究结果。首先，对身形和容貌的社会文化态度对美容健身行为的心理产生 了重要影响。家人、朋友、大众媒体、身体魅力等社会文化态度因素的压力越高，皮肤美容管理、调节体重、化妆等美容健身行 为和容貌管理行为就会成为重要因素。第二，以实证方式验证对身形和容貌的社会文化态度会给美容健身行为产生间接的媒介效 果，并证明各变量之间的显著差异，由此对身形和容貌形成正确的社会文化态度，提高生活质量，向产业一线提供有用的信息和 实质性的资料。