Earticle

This paper aims to make a pragmatic(i.e., a relevance-theoretic) account of using irony particularly shown in the political campaigns of UK and Korea. With reference to the linguistic nature of irony, Huang(2015: 163) holds that it is ‘a figure of speech in which one thing is said but the opposite is meant by the speaker.’ Additionally, according to Clark and Gerrig(1984), irony is generally used to blame or ridicule someone as a victim. In their point of view, irony conveys a negative evaluation toward its target(i.e., irony of sarcastic purpose). Other scholars such as Gibbs(1986), Kreuz(1996) and Attado(2000) hold that irony can also be used to describe a positive intended evaluation (i.e., irony of non-sarcastic purpose). While irony can be used both as a sarcastic purpose and as a non-sarcastic one in the contexts of political campaigns, it can hardly be realized as a sarcastic purpose in those of commercial advertisements. This paper, within the frame of the relevance- theoretic approach, elucidates the using mechanism of irony in political campaigns.

This research is proposed to analyze「-てしまう」in Japanese teaching materials and use it in education. I propose that the meaning usage should be expanded and educated step by step at the beginning stage by dividing the meanings of aspect and modality about「-てしまう」. There are many different types of Korean language in response to「-てしまう」and the typical response is not '-eo burida' or '-go malda' but '-eot/nda'. Therefore, I suggest that the Korean response format be subdivided and educated. The Korean word '-eot/n da' can be misused as a Japanese「-た」or a「-る」type because it has the meaning function of a tense as well as an aspect. Therefore, comparative explanations with Korean is needed through examples. It is necessary to refer to the meaning and Korean interpretation of「-てしまう」depending on the preceding verb and accompanying adverb. 「-chyau(-zyau)」will also need to be practiced and directed to be fully utilized for the presentation of conversation. I think this study is meaningful in that it proposed specific educational measures necessary for 「-てしまう」learning, breaking away from the prior research that is only a simple vocabulary classification.

In ancient Chinese, the phenomenon of ellipsis, despite being an phenomenon of pragmatics, is covered by most ancient Chinese grammar textbooks. This is because understanding of the phenomenon of ellipsis greatly affects the correct understanding of the sentence. The phenomenon of ellipsis does not simply use grammatical elements, but embodies sentences to increase the economic efficiency of the language and protrude the intended meaning of the speaker. It can be seen that the cause of phenomenon of ellipsis occurs according to the conciseness of sentences, the limitations of writing conditions, the control of syllables, the indeterminate form of the grammar system, and the writer's description. In ancient Chinese, the phenomenon of ellipsis can occur in all grammatical elements used in sentences In ancient Chinese education, it is important to accurately understand the cause of ellipsis, and to identify the ellipsis of subjects, predicates, and object words including the object of preposition and Concurrent words.

The purpose of this study is to compare perception on what factors influence the successful cyber campus-based G.E program between the learners' and instructors’ perspectives. For this study, a questionnaire was conducted to 105 students and 11 instructors, and the interview to 8 students and 5 instructors. As a result of factor analysis, 5 variables influenced the successful cyber campus-based General English(GE) program, that is, learner, environments, instructors, learning activities, and functional characteristics. There was significant difference between students’ and instructors’ perception on variables of the instructor and learning activities which influence the successful cyber campus-based G.E program. And significant difference was found on factors, such as learner, instructor, and learning activities, which need to be improved for the successful cyber campus G.E program for future. This finding implies that high quality of learning contents using multimedia components and instructional activities should precede the other factors for the successful implementation of cyber campus-based G.E program.

The differences between the levels of 'Chinese learning motivation and career plan' and 'self-efficacy for community service' according to the experiences of Chinese service learning were examined before and after service learning. The study was conducted in two ways: statistical analysis through questionnaire surveys and service logbooks submitted by students. Statistical analysis was verified by using the SPSS ver.25 program with two dependent samples t-test. In conclusion, first, after participating in Chinese service learning, the level of students' level of ‘Chinese learning motivation and career plan’ and ‘self-efficacy for community service’ showed a significant difference at the significance level of 0.05, which proved to be improved. Second, by analyzing the logbook of students' service learning activities, a definitive factor supporting statistical results was derived.

Modality, one of the central components of English grammar, speakers’ evaluations and emotions is known to be important in verbal communication but difficult to use accurately. The purpose of the study is to investigate the pattern of modal verbs used by Korean learners in their speaking. In the present study, a comparative analysis of a learner corpus of Korean undergraduates’ speech and an American native corpus was performed. More specifically, this study explored the use of six core modal verbs in both corpora using the AntConc 3.5.8 software. The results of this study are as follows. First, it was observed the tendency of Korean L2 learners to overuse 'can' and 'will' while underusing 'could' and 'would'. Second, it was revealed that English proficiency predicted learners’ versatility in using modal verbs. Based on these findings, several reasons were discussed underlying these differences. This paper provides valuable insights for teaching of modal verbs in the English classroom.

This paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of Systemic Functional Grammar in English-Korean translation in the absence of explicit macro- and micro–level translation education. To this end, this paper explains the main four functions of Systemic Functional Grammar such as experiential, logical, interpersonal and textual functions and shows good and bad translations with translation materials in accordance with the four functions. In addition, the merits of Systemic Functional Grammar in translation are stated in considering translation strategies, delivering accurate meaning and using language shifts depending on genre, culture, readers’ expectations and writers’ purposes. This paper is meaningful in that it dealt with the usefulness of Systemic Functional Grammar in English-Korean translation in detail under the unfamiliar situation of Systemic Functional Grammar in Korea.

This case study examined the degree of the perceived semantic transparency of noun-noun compounds with the same word family: Chinese 'ji(机)' and its English equivalence 'machine'. The result indicated that compounds with ’machine‘ right-headed were dominant in number compared with the left-headed ones while compounds with ’ji(机)’ in both positions maintained opacity. It is argued that the naming of the new creations or inventions brought about more semantically transparent noun-noun compounds in English. By contrast, the stability and limitedness of Chinese characters facilitated the meaning extension or shift in compounding, thus making the Chinese noun-noun compounds more semantically opaque via metonymy and metaphor.