Earticle

Korean has three forms that express negation: short-form negation, long-form negation and inherently lexical verbs. The goal of this paper is to argue that there are three separate notions related to the expression and interpretation of negation in Korean, which must be kept separate. They are the notions of a negative clause, of the surface c-command domain of a negative element, and of the semantic scope of a negative element. The main arguments derive from the interactions of the negative-sensitive adverb yekan with different fonns of negation, and of the interaction of examples with both yekan and a negative-sensitive item like awmu-to ('anyone').

This paper examines various discourse environments of Quantifier Shift (Q-Shift)---a postnominal quantifier construction in which a quantifier and its preceding referent form a unitary NP. The present study shows that Q-Shift in Korean discourse appears typically in several types of discourse contexts: apposition, prescriptive itemization, exhaustive negation, presentational relative clauses. The Q-shift construction is shown to be the only quantifier construction in Korean discourse which allows a unique combination of the <indefinite> and <specific> readings for the referent NP in the construction.

Optimality theory offers a brilliant explanation of children's consonant harmony by setting “REPEAT” as a structural constraint and determining an appropriate ranking order with relation to such faithfulness constraints as Faith(Dor) and Faith(Cor). No matter how delicate it may be, however, it does not provide any plausible reason why their ranking order should be so in children's phonological development. This paper attempts to give an account of it by referring to children's preference for a more marked prosodic structure and also to the characteristics of an acoustic feature ‘grave’.

The purpose of this study is to propose the appropriate structure of Korean modal auxiliary verb po- construction, which further corroborates their syntactic distribution. Also we will explore their semantic and pragmatic function as compared to the syntactic distribution of the other auxiliary verb po- constructions within the minimalist approach.

This paper is to advance two mechanisms of linguistic change which are responsible for the process of grammaticalization of four English derivational suffixes, -dom, -hood, -ship, and -ly. They are reanalysis and analogy. Reanalysis refers to a process whereby speakers interpret linguistic categories differently causing change in boundaries, the most typical example being a compounding. Analogy refers to an extension of a certain rule or structure to other domains. Reanalysis is responsible for reinterpretation of a category into a different one; analogy causes a linguistic item to acquire a new categorical status. It is proposed in this paper that the diachronic development of the four English bound suffixes took place through the work of these two processes. All of these affixes were originally independent lexical items. But when they came after a certain noun, they were reinterpreted (or reanalyzed) as a part of the previous noun, creating a possible ground for it to be reinterpreted as a new category (i.e., suffix). Once reinterpreted, they were spread (or anaologically extended) to other nouns, eventually gaining firm affixal stata. The instantiation of mechanisms for this morphologization process indicates that many linguistic changes are not just historical changes that happened by accident but are systematic changes which are based on universal, human cognition.

This paper discusses historiographic bases for texttypology, mainly focused on a Chinese rhetorics, i.e. the LMCD, which was written by Liu Hiesh in the 5th century A.D. With respect to theoretical properties, I examine various factors such as texttypology, communication maxims, textuality, and so on. Concerning my view of text-theory, I propose a pragmatic model of the LMCD.

The Modern Chinese was developed from Guan-Hua(Mandarin Chinese), which was based on Beijing dialect. In 1913, the Republic of China Government assigned Mandarin-based Chinese as official language and established a phonetic code to indicate how to read Chinese Character. After 1949, the People's Republic of China Government succeeded the language policy of old government but made a little change like simplified the traditional Chinese Character. Nowaday, when we mention Chinese language, it means the Mandarin-based Chinese(which is called Guo-Yu in Taiwan, Pu-Tong-Hua in China). But there are still two writing Chinese Character, one is Simplified Chinese which is mainly used in Mainland China, the other is Traditional Complicated Chinese which is used in Taiwan, Hong Kong and by most overseas Chinese.

Loanwords are the words taken into one language from another. The pronunciation differences between recipient language and loanwords result from different phonemic systems and phonotactic patterning between two languages. In this paper, some English loanwords in Korean are analysed by Optimality Theory with violable constraints and their ranking that is very different from Generative Phonology. This paper is not to argue whether the phonology of loanwords is exclusively based on recipient language's or independent loanwords' but to show some kinds of constraints and rankings for explaining it.

The main purpose of the present paper is to show that the consideration of discourse plays a significant role in language teaching. First of all, we look over a simple relation between discourse and language teaching from an operational perspective. Along with the relational recognition of the two, we take into account such following factors as discourse marker, ellipsis, metaphor, information structure, and indirect speech act in terms of discourse as a language teaching material. That is, the significant consideration of discourse is expected to provide the learners with the better understanding of the given factors above. Finally, it is stressed that discourse also comes into play in choosing a good textbook for communicative purposes.