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The present paper deals with the linguistic repetition and focus phenomenon in the Japanese conditional expressions such as to, ba, tara and nara. It is suggested that linguistic repetition plays an important role in everyday conversation and has an important discourse function. Its main role is not just a lengthy stretch of discourse but a contribution of smooth flow of discourse. In addition, repetition is known as a focus device to connect old information to new information. This is because repetition has something to do with the participants' roles in choosing the given information over new information or vice versa in the smooth flow of discourse.

The purpose of this study was to propose an alternative curriculum for English education major in the graduate schools of education to improve the teaching ability of teachers of English. This study surveyed high school English teachers' opinions about the quality of being a good English teacher and his/her teaching ability. A total of 42 teachers working in Seoul or Daegu participated in this study. The results were as follows: First, the most important factors of being a good English teacher were being able to use English teaching methods which were appropriate to the current level of learners' proficiency, to make a good lesson plan and use it with various teaching materials to stimulate their students' motivation for learning, to communicate well in English, to have good English reading and writing skills, to have sound personality, a sense of educational duty, and ethics. The least important factors, on the other hand, for being a good teacher of English were having pedagogical content knowledge such as English literature and phonetics as well as using computer assisted language teaching and participating to teacher training and voluntary service. Based on the findings, the curriculum of a particular graduate school of education in Daegu was investigated and some suggestions were made for improvement on the curriculum.

本稿は『万葉集』『八代集』『源氏物語』『伊勢物語』『枕草子』に表われる「朝顔」のイメージと、その解釈についての考察である。花のイメージから出てきた意味として捕えれている点が多いということがわかる。特に、桔梗(ききょう)․牽牛子朝(けにごし)(=今の赤顔)の解釈が目立ち、現代語として「朝顔」が一番近い解釈であったのがわかる。でも、言葉の解釈より、花のイメージから出てきた意味として使われていた点に注目したい。それは「恋の軽率・妻・虚しさ・切なさ」などと挙げられるが、恋との関わりの深い「朝顔」の意味が多かったのがわかる。それが中世になっていくにつれて「朝顔」の意味はどうなっていくのだろうか。平安時代からも「恋の移り気のはやさ」「虚しさ」などの意味もあったけれども、とくに後代に流れていく作品の中でのイメージはどうなっていくのであろうか。そのように移っていく意味の考察を、作品を通して探っていくのを今後の課題としておきたい。

How to Design and Develop a Pre-service Teacher Evaluation Program for TEE Qualification. Journal of Linguistic Studies 16(2), 53-76. The purpose of this study is to develop an assessment program for TEE(Teaching English In English) qualification of the students in teachers college at Jeju National University in order to improve their English proficiency and teaching skills. This TEE qualification program was designed on both pre-service and in-service teacher needs analysis; 221 students were surveyed along with 80 teachers at public elementary schools on Jeju Island. With the opinions from both parties collected, we have decided to include the teaching performances. There are two parts of an evaluation procedure; an interview section and a storybook section. In the interview section we assessed students' English proficiency by using Solom scales including comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, grammar and pronunciation. In the storybook section we evaluated teaching skills by using such three categories as lesson planning, practice and techniques, and teacher's language use. To increase the validity and reliability inter-rater and intra-rater differences were controlled. But the focus of the program is on the after-the-test measures in encouraging the low-group students to achieve the minimum target levels before their graduation. Extra courses such as English clinic courses and conversation courses were provided during the following vacation periods so that they can improve their teaching skills and English proficiency to the target levels, while some advantageous opportunities provided for the excellent group.

Since English has become a international language in the world, English education in Korea has focused on communicative competence. However, it is questioned that the listening part of English textbooks has effects on enhancing listening ability which can use in real communicative contexts. In this study, it will be shown that the adequacy of English movies as an authentic listening teaching materials and teachers' and students' perspectives on using the English language movies in the listening class will be discussed.

At the present moment, the translation education at the level of university focuses on dealing with language skills rather than upgrading the translation skills or intercultural understanding. Therefore, it is limited to the literally oriented semantic transfer not considering multiple aspects of translation. It is desired that for various cultural aspects should be taken into consideration in the education of translation. This kind of socio-cultural aspects in translation will help produce the better translator in the future.