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The present study considers the formation of the Seongsoo Semi-industrial District developed by the post-war land readjustment project and traces the process of its transfor-mation in light of handmade shoes and auto maintenance and repair industries in order to establish the roles assumed by the Seongsoo Industrial Complex in Seoul. Due to the Cheonggyecheon development during the postwar years, companies were forced to settle in Seongsoo-dong, where labour-intensive sewing, textile, leather and ma-chinery industries emerged subsequently. In 1972, the national City Beautiful Movement coerced small businesses into moving out of the city center, reproaching them for impeding the modernization and development of sound urban environment. The movement was intended to secure commercial and business functions in the inner city center, while at the same time attributing Seoul’s old structural and inherent problems to small companies. On account of the exorbitant land price, restricted land use and controlled factory construc-tion in the city center within the boundaries of 4 Gates, small companies had no choice but to move to the outskirts of the city. For half a century, the small businesses in the Seongsoo Industrial Complex in Seoul have been kept out coercively in the name of urban renewal projects by central and local governments. Seoul Metropolitan Government plans to build a dynamic corporate ecosys-tem by developing handmade shoes, printing and auto maintenance and repair trades into a convergence model embracing conventional industries and state-of-the-art IT, by setting up an organic business support system and by vitalizing networks.The three trades are highly likely to work for the benefit of Seongsoo-dong’s urban identity. Yet, other small-scale trades of machinery, metals, manufacturing, wholesale/retail and services are most likely to be excluded from the plan. As a matter of fact, the current policy to support the aforementioned three trades only draws substantial criticism. Thus, it is necessary to create an industrial ecosystem in consideration of the place-ness and historicity of the Seongsoo Industrial Complex in Seoul.

This research aims at examining the true nature of Seoul gut Danggeumaegi while focusing on the fact that no different versions of Danggeumaegi, an epic shaman song transmitted nationally, have been found in the exorcism rituals in Seoul, Hwanghae-do, and the northern areas of Gyeonggi-do. This study begins from the possibility that the existence of Seoul gut Danggeumaegi would be able to be restructured based on the three grounds of “literature materials, shamans’ testimony and orally transmitted data by Seoul gut shamans.” Seoul gut <Danggeumaegi> was called as ‘Ahndangmalmi,’ and is assumed to originally have had a narrative structure, and changed and declined as it is following the elements of shaman songs’ transmission and changes. The shaman rituals in the cities dis-appeared first in the process of gradual reorganization of exorcism rituals by preferentially accepting people’s desire to receive gods’ words, ‘’gongsu’’, rather than sticking to their cer-emonial steps. In addition, Seoul gut based on the urban environment has gone through a rapid change since 1950s. The biggest change was that the limitation of the place for exor-cism caused its performance to be held in a special space of a shrine instead of in an individ-ual’s house, and the shortened time of the performance brought about the downscale of the tunes performed during exorcism. Ahndangmalmi that used to be recited on the ground of the place of ‘ahndang’ lost its footing, and not only the epic shaman song of Danggeumaegi but also following <Ahndangjeseokgeori> is being skipped from gut more and more. Last, the unique culture of royal court and the upper class of Seoul seem to have contributed to the discontinuance of the recitation of Danggeumaegi in its declining process.

This article studies on the history of the bower of Baeksukjeong(白石亭) in Baeksukdongcheon(白石洞天) which is located in the northern valley of mountain Baek-ak(白岳), the east side of Tangchoondae(蕩春臺) near the mountain of Bookhansan(北漢山). The history of the bower of Baeksukjeong(白石亭) has been not known recently and the only ruins of the bower remains. The area of Tangchoondae(蕩春臺), the north-ern area of the North Gate(Changiumoon彰義門) of capital city had not been open to common people except royal retainer and ministers until 18th century in Jo-sun(朝鮮) dynasty when the mountain fortress wall of Bookhansansung(北漢山城) was built by King Sook-jong(肅宗). Since the structure of the mountain fortress wall - middle castle - city castle was constructed, this area became the place for excursion and association of literary group and noblemen. In 18th century, some literary group retired from political af-fairs and left out of practical politics, as group of Mam-in(南人), So-ron(少論), Sil-hak(實學), school of Gang-wha(江華學派) and literary men from middle class(委巷文人), enjoyed an outcoming to this area and get together to compose poems and some writings in Tangchoondae(蕩春臺), Samgye(三溪), Bookhansanseong(北漢山城) and temples in Bookhansan(北漢山). Among them, Heo-pill(許佖) built some small cottage called by bower of Baeksukjeong(白石亭) or Ganjeongryo(看鼎寮) in Baeksukdongcheon(白石洞天) valley to live a lonely life of composing poems and drawings. There was a big rock in the opposite hill to the site of bower Baeksukjeong(白石亭), on which the letter ‘月巖(Wal-am)’ was carved very distinctly. Gang-sae-dong(姜世東) had his a small thatched cottage near this rock. Heo-pill(許佖) and his friends, Kang se-whang(姜世晃), Yi Yong-Hue(李用休) and Yim Hee-seong(任希聖) were scholars of Ma-min(南人) or so-book(小北) group who left out of practical politics to enjoy lonely life and made some excursion in this area. But the bower of Baeksukjeong(白石亭) was collapsed and later history of the site was not well known. The famous scholar in 18-19th century, Kim Jeong-hee(金正喜) whose father was known that he had some villa in the site of Baeksukjeong(白石亭). Tangchoondae(蕩春臺), Bookhansan(北漢山) and Saegumjeong(洗劍亭) was famous for excursion site of contemporary men of power influence but Baeksukdongcheon(白石洞天) valley near those places was not well known because of the geographical condition and was just a place for specific group of retired literary men in 18th century.

A Study on the traits of urban tissue in northeast Gyungseong during the Japanese colo-nial era. The purpose of this study is to find out the characteristics of urban tissue formation in northeast Gyungseong during the Japanese colonial era by the analyzing relationship between urban planning projects and creating the village area. Beginning in the 1920s the lack of available housing coupled with rising populations results in the creation of villages in the Gyungseong area. In particular, urban development was performed in the northeast area of Gyungseong, and caused the transformation of its urban tissue, there still remainsthat kind of form now. Some projects concerning the urban planning I described below made constructing villages in the north area possible. In 1912, the implementation of city street improvement projects in Gyungseong was the basis of urban traffic networks. As a result, city street improvement added roads heading north and south by implementing the number 11 electric car line 11, and roads from the center of the city to the northeast area by creating lines 10, 11. In 1934, according to Gyungseong town planning started, many roads were widened. Two town planning were created in northeast. As a result, electric car lines and bus lines widened. People could go from the center to the suburban districts easily, this lead to the quick urbanization of the northeastern area. In 1939, the opening of two electric lines, a bus line and extending a bus line made ac-cessibility to city hall easy. The completion of an town planning created the mobility that enabled the citizens with their range of activity. This lead to substantial regional economy growth. Therefore, in the northeastern area of Gyeongseong, villages were created because of the convenient form of transportation, and the appropriate location for citizens to live not far from the central business districts.