Earticle

The recognition of consumers is gradually diffused about a scalp and hair care and this industry has been conspicuous. It is becoming a larger interested in the economic value about a natural substance from advanced country. and they have the intensive investment to development of a natural substance and an industrialization. In Korea, they have tried application to the superior effect as the cosmetics subject use of the specialized products, cactus in Cheju. Recently it was a powerful oxidation ingredient, flavonoid in cactus and Clinical studies have shown the poisonous deoxidation ability was excellent. It has the result that regarded the composition and an effect of ingredient of the cactus which is used widely the medical use for a long time. This research present the affirmative effect as a solution method about a scalp and hair loss. Understanding studies tendency of cactus, it is presumed that the fruit and the stem of the cactus is a clause inflammation effect, few virulence, inhibitive action of an edema and a white blood corpuscle with pain killer action. This is evaluated the clause as the anti-inflammation which has the remedial value of the stomach damage. It is expected through antioxidation action it is promoted the circlation of the blood of the scalp and control aging. In consequence, If the research continuously is advanced about clause inflammation action and the separation ingredient of the cactus, it is expected a great availability that the development of the function cosmetics matter for the infection treatment of the resistant bacteria.

In this study we carried out the experiment with 14 women in their thirties and forties who are in the process of aging over four weeks by two times a week in order to observe the effect of high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy in skin's pigmentation and wrinkle treatment. We applied high frequency therapy at the frequency of 0.3MHz, 60W/㎠ and ultrasound therapy at the frequency of 1MHz, 3W/㎠ for about 15 minutes respectively, and got the result like following. Both high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy got the improvement of pigmentation on face compared to before use but the effect of high frequency therapy was a bit higher than ultrasound therapy. In the aspect of the effect of wrinkle treatment, high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy showed similar result but high frequency therapy was a little more effective. It is considered that pigmentation and wrinkles were treated as cells are revitalized by the heat treatment, heat action, chemical action and physiological effect. Consequently high frequency therapy and ultrasound therapy influenced positive affect on the treatment of pigmentation and wrinkles in the experiment of this study and it is expected that more clinical studies will be conducted with proper use of beauty instrument as people show interests on skin care.

Art Deco was born in 1925. The name was derived from the 1925 Exposition Internationale des Arts Decoratifs Industriels et Modernes, held in Paris, which celebrated living in the modern world. Art Deco is essentially a style of decoration which was applied to fashion as well as architecture, general art and hair style. Most share the hallmarks of geometry and simplicity, often combined with vibrant colors and simple shapes that celebrated the rise of commerce and technology. Fundamental characteristics of Art Deco are using of vivid color and stark, geometric shapes which influenced every aspects of life worldwide. Everything was geometric and cubic. Clean shapes and straight lines are emphasized. No practical function are left out to allow for the sleek lines and streamlined geometric shapes. The Art Deco style infused the everyday world with an elegant style of cool sophistication. The role of women changed during World War I. Most women wore very short hair called bob hair style. The bob was created, not so much by a stylist, but by a frenzy of political change. Women worked during WWI to help with the war effort. With this new lifestyle, it became desirable to simplify. They needed simpler, practical short hair. The original style was worn straight and flat on top The purpose of this study is to understand the characteristics of Art Deco applied to women's hair style and rediscover the value of Art Deco as well as reorganize it in the taste of 21 century.

This study investigates into the effects of fulguration and vacuum-decompression device on lower body obesity, aiming to suggest a more professional treatment method. Its specific purpose lies in the observation of changes which occur in body components, bodily measurements, and serum fat as a result. Present study is structured based on a before & after resemblance test using different groups, asking them to fill out questionnaires. This is conducted in order to grasp their general perception on obesity. Then, among those 12 women, who are in their 20s and 30s and who have more than 52 cm in thigh circumference, 6 women underwent both fulguration and vacuum decompression treatment, while the remaining 6 underwent only the fulguration treatment. The test was conducted for 10 sessions within a 4-week period. Collected data is analyzed by conducting frequency analysis, independent-samples t-test, and paired-samples t-test from descriptive statistics, using the SPSS 12.0 Statistics program. Results of the experiment indicate that both groups decreased in their weight, BMI, and body fat, with the experiment group having more significant decrease. In terms of thigh circumference, both groups decreased significantly, with the experiment group having more significant decrease compared to the control group. In terms of serum fat, the experiment group significantly decreased in Triglyceride. Both groups showed no change in total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol. Analysis of the questionnaires shows that both groups have a poor or irregular diet and exercise routine. Although their perception of obesity is within a normal range, their self-image as being obese seems to reflect our society's tendency in overemphasizing thinness. When asked on the degree of satisfaction after using the facilities, the research subjects commented on their heating effects and that they provide better sleep. Most of the women were satisfied with the treatments and were willing to recommend this program to others. The result of this study indicates that parallel employment of the two facilities as a means to control lower body obesity is effective, especially in reducing body fat and thigh circumference, and is thus recommendable for the future application.

This study is to contribute to the hair trend analysis presented in the future by understanding how post-modernism is expressed in modern hair style and how modern hair style is expressed in post-modernism. There are many trend presentations and hair shows that present hair style expressed in post-modernism. Even though there are few information about the hair, there are some pervious works on the trend of art that show post-modernism in hair style. This study is to find how the hair style is expressed by the characteristics of deconstruction (instability, deconstruction from inside, anti-meaningful shape, anti-centered, ambiguity and geometry etc) which is the important factor of post-modernism. As a result of the analysis of deconstruction characteristics of post-modernism expressed in hair style, it is as below. First, womanlike hair style of man is expressed in artificially extended by using fake hair and there are many ambiguous hair styles of sexless figures that show deconstruction style and some men has a little bit ambiguous and natural hair style in a pony-tail that the long hair is tightened by hair lace or elastic braid. Second, manlike hair style of woman is short-cut hair style and this hair style is ambiguous for sex distinction and shows deconstruction characteristics which are factors of post-modernism. Third, as a result of this study, there are many natural hair styles that show deconstruction characteristics, geometrical shapes and repeated disconnection. In conclusion, post-modernism will be another trend replacing with modernism and be expressed in aesthetics and practicality of modern hair.

This study was designed to investigate the effects of manual lymph drainage on the cardiac autonomic tone. Thirty-two healthy male subjects were randomly assigned to MLD (experimental) and rest (control) groups. ECG parameters were recorded with bipolar electrocardiography using standard limb lead positions. The pressure pain threshold was quantitatively measured using an algometer. Heart rate variability differed significantly between the experimental and control groups (p<0.05), but the pressure pain threshold in the upper trapezius muscle did not (p>0.05). These findings indicate that the application of MLD was effective in reducing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the current status of and to collect the basic informations of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders(WMDs) in Beautician as beginner. The subjects were 86 students(all women). A questionnaire survey about the personal characteristics, behaviors, time to practices per week, parts of the body which use mainly to practice, stretching behavior, were conducted from November 2007 to December 2007. Data analysis was done using MS EXCEL program to determine percentage. The results were as follows; The subjects for this research were categorized into; by gender, all of them were females; by age, 18-21years 83.72%, 22-42years 16.28%; by alcohol, non-drinking represented 54.65%, drinking 37.21%; by smoking status, non-smoking represented 84.88%; by exercises, non-exercises 75.58%. By practice time(hours/week); all of them 15hours/week; by parts of the body which use mainly to practice were hands in the domain of skin care 48.84%, of hair 59.30%, of make-up 62.79%, of nail art 81.40%. By stretching behavior before/after the practice, non-stretching 54.65%, occasionally 40.70%. By WMDs symptoms, all of them were not feel the WMDs symptoms . The results of this study indicate that the beautician as beginner can not feel the WMDs symptoms. Therefore, this study has an important meaning that prevention is important.

As the economy rapidly grows, service industry develops, and consumer culture becomes more sophisticated and so does hairdressing. People are directly or indirectly exposed to harmful effect of products for perm and hair dying and bleaching. Products used for perm may cause allergic coryza and asthma, and may even cause cancer, toxemia of pregnancy and premature birth to hairdressers who are constantly exposed to the chemical products. And it is well known that heavy metals contained in products for perm are very harmful to humans and so they have tried various measures to minimize harmful effect in developed countries. The purpose of this study is to provide basic information to be used to raise recognition of harmful effect of products for perm and also to be used for developing safety instructions. For that purpose, various literatures were investigated which include 'A study on concentration of heavy metals contained in products for perm'(by Yoon),'A study on PM10 and concentration of heavy metals' (by Song), 'A study on heavy metal pollution at hairdressers in Busan'(by Kim) and 5 most harmful heavy metals were inquired into on the basis of data from material safety data sheet (MSDS).

One can identify factors harmful to the health of those who work in an industrial manufacturing facility, but the factors vary widely depending on the type of industry and the nature of manufacturing. As the consumption culture has developed along with economic growth, the hair care industry has grown into complex varieties. In the contemporary aging society, many people dye their white hair as youth is a means of gaining competitiveness. A variety of dying products have gained popularity and are easily accessible for home use. However, most of the dying products are made of chemical compounds and, in fact, a majority of cosmetics products are of similar materials. Chemical compounds are being used extensively in beauty salons, and people use dying products at salons and home without much concern for their potential harm. Exposure to the harmful compounds in dying materials is causing serious concerns. Reckless use of these materials is creating side-effects, skin disease, and other illnesses. This study investigates harmful elements of dying products to raise the public awareness of the harmfulness of dye products. It also aims to make suggestions to secure safety and to protect against bodily harm from dying, based on a close investigation of 12 chemical products and 13 color henna products among the total 25 dying products on the market, which the authors examine, in accordance with Article 65 of the Pharmacist Law (Description on Containers and Others) and Article 82 of Enforcement Rules of the Pharmacist Law (Specifications Put on Container of Medical Products and Others), the product name, name and address of the manufacturer or importer, volume or weight, manufacturing number and date, price, names of major ingredients, the phrase "non-medical" for non-medical products, caution, etc.