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The occupational health nursing guideline for primary care was developed by the Korean Academic Society of occupational health nursing and the organization for occupational health nurses (currently known as the Korean Association of Occupational Health Nurses) in 1993. Since then, there have been many changes in the health care environment and job performance of occupational health nurses. Appropriate revisions are necessary of the guidelinea based on this background. The purpose of this study was to describe the use of the occupational health nursing guideline for primary care and to analyze the characteristics of primary care activities by occupational health nurses. The questionnaire was mailed to 150 occupational health nurses(OHNs) with the response rate of 64%. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. 65.6% of OHNs have been using the guideline for primary care and 75.9% of them agreed that the guideline was be helpful for their job. 2. Common symptom care, emergency care and chronic illness care were more frequently implemented than occupational disease care by OHNs. In manufacturing industries, emergency care was more frequently implemented than chronic illness care in contrast to the service industries. 3. Most frequent common symptoms treated by OHNs were indigestion, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, and coughing. In the case of chronic illness, OHNs more frequently treated diseases of the gastro-intestinal system. skin and sensory organs, and the respiratory system. Emergency care for bruises, burn, and abrasions was more frequently provided. VDT syndrome was the most common occupational disease cared by OHNs in manufacturing and service industries. 4. OHNs prescribed the medicine for external application more frequently than internal medicine. Remedy for colds, analgesics, vitamins, and digestives were more frequently used. From these results, we suggest, that, the guideline should be revised to emphasize the activities consisting problem finding such as health assessment, physical examinations, monitoring and screening, and to renew the drug list in the range of over the counter medication (OTC). In the future, the guideline will include the strategies for the role as the case manager.

Back injury is frequent in industry workers and is a common cause of productivity loss It has been reported that the insured of industrial accident insurance tend to, stay in hospital longer than that of other types of insurance. The purpose of this study was to identify factors affecting the length of hospital stay for the treatment of back injury in the workers under industrial accident insurance. The results of this study help insurers develop reasonable industrial accident insurance policy for back injury claims and prevention strategies of work-related back injury. A total of 2949 patients whose industrial accident insurance claim has been approved for the treatment of work-related back injury from Januray tu December 1999 were included in this study. Relationship between the length of hospital stay and characteristics of patient, work place, back injury, and hospital were assessed using ANOVA, t-test, simple linear regression and multiple resgression. The major findings of this study are as follows 1. The average length of hospital stay(LOS)was 91 82 days, respectively. 2. Characteristics of Patient LOS of male patients was longer than that of female patients, there was positive correlation between age and LOS and between average wage and LOS. Working period was negatively correlated with LOS. Distance from resident to hospital w positively correlated with LOS and LOS was significantly different depending on type of duty. 3. Characteristics of Work Place LOS was significantly different depending on types of industry an geographical region of work place. Size of work place v~as positively correlated with LOS. 4. Characteristics of Back Injury Occupational back pain required short or LOS compared with back injury due to electric shock Number of concomitant illnesses and severity of disability were positively correlated with LOS. 5. Characteristics of Hospital Patients treated in community hospitals required significantly longer LOS. Treatment in hospitals with rehabilitation program required decreased LOS. This was more prominent as number of physicians specialized in rehabilitation. 6. Multiple regression analysis revealed that distance form resident to hospital. geographical region of work place, size of work place, number of concomitant illnesses, severity of disability, and typo of hospital were factors affecting LOS.

This study was carried out to investigate what factors affect satisfaction of periodic health examination undertaken by employees. The purpose of the study was to improve quality of periodic health examination and to increase the rate of workers participation in the screening test. The content of questionnaire was designed with focus on the satisfaction and attitude on the periodic health examination. Data were analyzed with 212 males, 181 females among 393 samples who took periodic examination at a general hospital in Seoul. Korea. The results were as follows: 1. Respondents were mainly in the thirties (42.7%), married(58.5%). more than 3 years working experiences(66.7%) and employed in Sales & Customers service industry(60. 1%). 2. There were significant differences in the scores of satisfaction by general characteristics among the respondents. The highly educated and the single showed higher satisfaction on the periodic health examination than other respondents. 3. The scores of satisfaction in periodic health examination showed highly influenced by level of age, work duration, level of knowledge to the health screening and income. Based on the results, this study concluded that the periodic health examination might be necessary to modify its items according to the clients characteristics and their individual demands for maintenance of healthy life.

Hyperlipemia is the most leading risk factor of cardiovascular disease which is the main of death in Korea. however there is a tendency to neglect the prevention and treatment since it has no specific symptoms. It has been reported that the level of serum-lipidcan be lowered by the improvement of eating habits. Therefore, it is highly likely that the development of programs on the improvement of eating habits through behavioral theory is required to the community nursing practice. The theory of planned behavior, which assumes that human behaviors are determined by one's intention to carry out the behavior, can be characterized by the point that behaviors are not only individual factors but also social behaviors relating to subjective norms. It is widely recognized that this theory has a high predictability on health behavior due to it s simplicity clearness, and measurability as well as high quality of being general. Thus, the theory of planned behavior could be useful in developing a model of a health promotion program to the change of behaviors of the risk group of cardiovascular disease Consequently, based on the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this study is to develop an intention promotion program of the diet, and then to testify the effects. The sample of this study consisted of 26 industrial workers who had proved hyperlipemia hum a medical examination in 1996 (experimental group 13, control group 13). The intention promotion program, which includes education, monitoring, pressure, counselling on the level of individuals, families and organizations, was conducted for 10 weeks The purpose of this program was to promoting intention of the diet through changes of the prerequisite factors of intention such as behavioral belief. outcome evaluation. normative belief and control belief. When it came to data analysis, the χ2-test and Fisher's Exact test were used to compare the general characteristics between the experimental and the control group, an independent t-test for the other variables. ANOVA was used to the test hypothesis, and the Pearson correlation test for variable correlation. The results of this study can be summarized as follows 1) There was a significant increase in the intention(F=18.51. p=.00) of diet in the experimental group. 2) Diets(F=2.51, p=.001) in the experimental group were better carried out than in the control 3) There was a moderate correlation between the intention of diet and performance (r~587, p=%003). From the results, it can be concluded that the intention promotion program is very effective. leading to the change of health promotion behavior. Above all, it is really valuable that the intention promotion program in this study regards health promotion behavior as a social behavior and that intervention was done on the level of family and organization. Consequently, when performing a health promotion program, social approach elevating the intention should go hand in hand in order to make the program effective.

When standing, walking, or running for extended periods of time, fatigue occurs in the legs. Although there are many ways, to release tense or fatigued leg muscles, in the case that there is insufficient time to relax. an easy way to release leg fatigue is using an inclined step(about 3 minutes). This method was more effective than performing stretching exercises as studied. An experiment was conducted on a golf course in the Kangwon province in Korea. Subjects were chosen randomly and consisted of 5 females and 4 males golf caddies. Their main tasks consisted of pulling golf carts to the bottom of a hill f3r 8 to 10 hours and sometimes lifting and lowering golf clubs during the duration of one day. EMG was measured after work and after using the previously mentioned inclined Steps for the lower legs using ME3000P. This study investigated the types of inclined Steps which would be most effective and appropriate for golf caddies, whether sex difference had any influence existed between male and female workers. The results showed that a step with a 20 angle was most effective for males and a step with a 25 angle was most effective for females. Females showed faster recovery from fatigue than males. However, there were no statistical significance between males and females.

This study was done in an attempt to reveal those factors interfering with the observation study. Three trained(1 research assistants collected data by observing the two occupational health nurses working in the smail scale enterprises on the 3rd and 10th of February, 199~). The first observation was performed on the 3rd of February without observation guidance. Guidance was give during the second observation on the 10th of - February These data were compared between reporters in nursing services of Workplace visiting Health counselling and Blood pressure checking according to nursing time and frequency. These areas were chosen because these activities were regarded as clearly by observers in contrast t the other performances. The data showed inconsistency between reporters, However, they were reduced when reporters observed nurses with guidance. although there were still minor differences between data in time and frequency. Discussions were carried out to find possible reasons for these differences. The causes were mainly attributed to the difficulty in workplace conditions to observe, the work specificity of nurses visiting each workplace and the delicate situation between nurses and observers when reporters were travelling in the nurse a car. Therefore, the results suggest that the observation method applied to the nursing service research at small-scale enterprises should be more concerned about the selection of appropriate workplace and operational definition of nursing activity in order to more precisely measure nurses attitudes.

In order to investigate the social support and the job satisfaction of the public health nurse, questionnaire survey was carried out on 297 nurses who were working in 25 public health centers in Seoul. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Mean score of job satisfaction was the highest. in interaction(3.55) followed by professional position(3.46), relationship between nurses and doctors(3.23), autonomy (2.85), administration(2.60), requirements (2.43) and pay(2.30) in descending order, and total mean score was 2.92. 2. The level of the job satisfaction wassignificantly higher in group with longer than 20 years career and 15 years in Public Health Center, 5th job rank and income more than two million won a month. 3. The mean score of social support was 3.57 out of 5. The social support tended to be higher in direct social support(3.61) than in indirect social support(3.54). 4. Job satisfaction was significantly correlated with social support(r=.407). 5. The primary factor which influenced the job satisfaction was the social support which had the 25.5% explaining efficacy. The total explaining efficacy which included pay (6.4%) was 31.0%. In conclusion, it was found out that there existed Pearson's correlation between the job satisfaction and the social support of nurses of Public Health Centers in Seoul. Therefore, what is needed to increase the job satisfaction of nurses of public Health Centers is the politic support for the systems of the social support such as nurse a family, the system of Public Health Center. and the working environment. Finally it is important to increase the job satisfaction of nurses of Public Health Centers through the politic support.