Earticle

All clinical nurses are not only faced with the physical and emotional needs of patients but also exposed to the heavy workload, in clinical settings, the nurses stress becomes more and more critical. Understanding the stress experienced by nurses is essential for planning programs to enhance patient care and to promote nurses health. Many methods to reduce the stress were practiced for patients. In this study, the investigator examined how the imagery influence the reducing the stress of clinical nurses. For this study, the recorded tape for imagery developed in the Society of Rheumatics was applied. In order to evaluate the effect of imagery en the stress of clinical nurse, stress score serum cortisol, blood pressure, and pulse were measured on 20 clinical nurses for 20 days. The results were as follows: I. Stress score decreased significantly in the experimental group. And the rate of decrease in stress score was significantly higher in experimental group than in the control group. 2. The level of serum cortisol decreased significantly after the application of imagery. 3. Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly after the application of imagery. These results indicate that after applying the method of imagery on the nurses, stress score, serum cortisol level, and systolic blood pressure were significantly decreased. Therefore, this study proves that imagery is one of the methods to reduce the stress of clinical nurses.

This study was conducted to find out the degree of tiredness, accumulated tendencies of fatigues in accordance with 3 types of circadian rhythms and 3 types of perceived fatigue signs such as physical, psychological and neurosensory aspects in before and after work at night. Samples were chosen from the 217 intensive care units nurses working in 13 general hospitals which had 3 shift rotating systems, Data were collected from November to December in 1999. Two hundreds seventeen respondents were classified by 3 circadian types such as 59 morning, 110 middle and 48 evening. Circadian type was measured by the circadian type scale which was designed by Ostberg and Home (1976). in order to estimate the level of tiredness, the investigator used the fatigue checklist designed by the Labor and Health Institute of Japan(1970). Analysis was done by frequency a percentages, x test and repeated measures ANOVA test. The result of this study were as follow: 1. In the general characteristics of the subjects circadian types, moderate type had the large proportion at 50.7% and morning type had 27.2% and evening type had 22.1%. 2. According to the 3 types of fatigue signs the highest general tendency was General weakness and feeling of headsore for physically perceived sign, Drowsiness for psychological sign, and Uncomfortableness in sight seeing for neurosensorv sign. 3. The most frequently complained fatigue were observed in physical symptoms among physical, mental, and neurosensual symptoms. The percentage of complained was higher after night work than before the work started. 4. There was not any statistical significant difference between the circadian type and the degree of physical, mental, neurosensory fatigue. 5. There was not any significant significant difference in regarding to each date of night shift except difference between 1stand 2nd days of fatigue perceived physically. Therefore, the study concluded that the fatigue perceived by night shift nurses might be related with shift working condition rather than circadian types.

The chances of disease pattern increased the importance of Health-promoting Lifestyle and a large part of the Health promoting lifestyle is associated with individual's habit. Health promoting Lifestyle among nurses, is very important because nurses could be a mb model of patients and possibly influence many patients. The purpose of this study was oat on1y to assess how hospital nurses practice their Health promoting Lifestyle but also to identify those affecting deterministered . The subjects were 392 nurses working at 3 different hospital in Seoul. These data were collected by self administered questionnaire from Apt ii 27 to May 20, 2000. This studs examined Health promoting Lifestyle using In Sock Park's model individual characteristics Behavior -specific Cognitions and Affect factors using Render's model and tried to fine out their relationships. The instruments used in this study were Health promoting Lifestyle Riot tie developed by In Sook park( 1995) Likert's four -point scale was used also in this research The percentage, mean. standard deviation ,ANOVA. pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression in the SAS package were used to analyze the data. The results if this study were as follows; 1. 52.3 % of sample were aged between 25 and 29. 67.l % were single, 55 6% were university graduates. 51.8% earned 1 5 to 2.0 million won, 57.9% slept for d to 8 hours, 71.5% stated they were healthy. 2. 32.7% of sample worked in surgical gird department, 82.4% worked in 3 shift. 26.3% have been working as nurses For P to years. Average score of Perceived self efficacy was 3.63, Perceived benefits of action was 3.25. Social support was 2.75, and Perceived barriers to action was 1 .87 which was the lowest score. 3. The average score if the performance in Health.-promoting lifestyle variable was 2. 45 which was lower than previous study. The sanitary life Was 3.18 which was the highest score harmonious relationship 3.1.1, emotional support 2 90. The variable with the highest degree of performance was the sanitary life. whereas the one with the west degree was the health diet. 4 .There were no significant difference in perceived benefits of action with individual's a character. hut in Perceived bait his of action there were significant differences with age(p<.01), marital status (p<.05). housing(p<.05), and Perceived health status(p<.05). In Perceived self eifficacy. there were significant differences with educational level(p<05). sleeping hours (p<.05), and BMI(p<.05). In Social support here were significant difference with housing and sleeping hours.

The purpose of this study was to examine which factors affected the job stress of workers in the manufacturing industry. The subjects were 128 workers in automobile component manufacturing companies located in Kvonggi do province Data were collected through self-reporting technique for 8 days. October 24-31, 2000. The instrument to test the work related truss was NIOSH's Work-related Stress Inventory revised by Korea Occupational Safety and Health Association(KO8HA) in 1999. The collected data were analysed with SAS. and fequency, percentage, mean value. standard deviation, t-test. ANOVA. Scheffe's post hoc test and Pearson's Correlation Coefficients. The major findings were as follows: 1. mean job stress score for the job-related stress was 2.6+_0.5 on the basis of 5.0 points. Job stress was significantly different according to gender. The stress by role conflict showed higher score than the stress by role ambiguity. 2. Discretionary power(freedom to determine) of workers was scored 2.6 0.7 on the basis of 5.0 points. And it was significantly different according to gender, duration of work and shift experience. 3. The work environment scored 2210.3 on the basis of 3.0 points and significant difference according to gender, age, marital status, type of employment. type of service, and shift work. 4. Role ambiguity showed significant negatively correlate with job control (r =.32. P =.000) and decision making(r= .31,.000). Arid decision making showed positively correlated with job contro1(r~ .62. P-~ .000) and role conflict(r= .26, P= .003).

This study was conducted to acquire data in order to institute an effective industrial accident compensation insurance (IACI) system The subjects were employers and employees in small scale industries which have less than employees. The questionnaires consisted of questions on perception and need for LACE A total of cases were 181 employers and 105 employees participated in the study. Perception and need of employers and employees were assessed using the ANOVA, t-test. The results were as follows: 1. Workplaces examined mostly in manufacturing(78.9%), industries with one employee(44. 1%). Beneficiary rate of IACI .4.4%. 2. 60.0% of employees had experienced an industrial accident and in most cases employers paid the cost of medical treatment. .15.0% of employers and 50.0% of employees were not aware that IACI had been put into effect starting July. had no type of industrial accident compensation. 3. The need of outcome measures, especially of employers and employees who had an IACE were higher than those without an IACI Employers and employees who had experienced an industrial accident outnumbered those who hadn't. The results of this study reveal that there is a great need for the institution of an IACI and health promotion policy in small scale industries.

This paper tried to understand the effects of alcohol-reducing program on drinkings behaviour of workers on works under 5 employees. For these, this paper understood a change of drinkings custom and degree of alcohol reducing strategy practice by enforcement of alcohol reducing program over 7 times during 3 months Reaults from analyses are as follows: 1) A health problems related to drinkinga were a chronic fatigue and indigestion, 15.5% was over 5 items among items related to liver disease 2) The subjector of investigation all was involved over 2 items among items that a drinking custom must be Collecred 3) The change of drinkings custom betweeen before and after on enforcement of alcohol reducing program showed a effective difference 4) For a degree of the alcohol reducing strategy practice, reducing drinkings days was 82.9%. bearing drinkings impulse 70.7% exchanging drinkings custom 56 1% . , avoiding drinkings friends 51.2%. Y4, avoiding ditnking place and preparing leisure activity to exchange drinkings showed a low practice ratio. 5) For correlation between drinkings drinkings behaviour and degree of alcohol reducing strategy practice, the more drinkings times before program paticipatancue the higher alcohol-reducing strategy practice, alcohol dependency and drinkings times, alcohol reducing strategy and drinkings times, befere drinking custom had an effective negative corelation. after drinkings custom and alcohol educing strategy a strong effective positive corelation. 6) workers writing drinkings paper decreased drinkings times. implications from results are as follows The alcohol reducing program is necessary to works under 5 employees, and needs to he operated continously . Especially, in works under 5 emplyees, the alcohol-reducing programt needs to be operated by firm or govcrment.

This study was carried out to introduce the Foot reflexo -massage (FRM) as a met of nursing practice based on the health promotion of occupational health. Literature reviews were done to achieve study aims from October in 1999 to August in 2000. The results were as follow 1. Theory of the FRM was mainly developed from the reflexology based on function and role of foot. 2. The FRM is focused on the appropriate reflcxology of foot with pressures of light moderate light or light strong light sealed strength for 15 minutes at each feet. The massage should begin with the foot area where it is assumed as a was, of internal to external and upper to lower side. It also should start from left to light side of the feet. 3. The FRM is an alternative therapy increasingly demanded as an self applying method between eastern and western due to the benefit of natural healing power with no side effects. 4. The FRM can be recommended nursing intervention for health promotion of employees through supportive and educative am sing system in occupational health service. As a conclusion of the study, it suggested that the FRM can be recommended as a nursing intervention to promote health of employees and to prevent disease related to work.

This study is to grope for a plan to increase nurse s autonomy by grasping autonomy degree according to nursing delivery system, The subject of this study are 265 nurses who work for 4 general hospitals in Seoul, and 93 of them work in primary nursing delivery system. 99 of them in team nursing delivery system and 93 of them in functional nursing delivery system. Data collection was done through questionaires from Sep. 1. 1997 to Sep. 30. 1997, and autonomy was measured by Professional Nursing Autonomy Scale developed by Schutzonhofer. Data analysis as inspected with X2 test. ANOVA, and t-test, using SPSS program. The results are as follows : 1. When it comes to the autonomy of all the nurses. mean score was 161 99 Which is medium level, and autonomy degree according to nursing delivers system had no significant differences. 2. There was a significant difference in autonomy degree according to inservice education among the subjects work-related characteristics, and there was no significant difference in autonomy distiibution in each grade according to general characteristics

This study was carried out to describe the food habit. Five hundreds ten women working more than 6 months were chosen for samples among the residents in Seoul and Kyungki provinces. This survey was done by questionnaire from the 5th September to the 5th October 1996. The results was followed: 1. The average score of the food habit in the career women was 9.6 among the total score 20 2. The food habit of the career women appeared worse to whom were younger. single, and having loss educational back grounded and living apart from family, When the average score of food habit was compared between groups, nurses group was lower than the other group, and shift workers. 3. Education and guidance for appropriate diet and 100(1 habit will be considered as necessary for health of the working women.