Earticle

Purpose: This study used a quasi-experimental one-group repeated-measures design to examine changes in nurses’ ability to use SBAR, communication competence, and critical thinking disposition in general hospitals after implementation of the ISBARQ-Based Education program. Methods: The program, developed from the SBAR and ISBARQ frameworks, comprised three 60-minute sessions that combined lectures and role-playing. Data were collected from April 4 to May 21 at three time points: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and follow-up. Analyses were conducted using SPSS/WIN 25.0, and program effects were tested using repeated-measures ANOVA and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results: Significant improvements were found over time in ability to use SBAR (Wald x2=40.67, p<.001), communication competence (F=20.13, p<.001), and critical thinking disposition (F=13.53, p<.001). Conclusion: The ISBARQ communication program enhanced nurses’ ability to use SBAR, communication competence, and critical thinking disposition, with sustained effects for up to four weeks. These results suggest that structured communication education strengthens nursing competencies and improves patient safety. However, the study’s single-group design and short duration limit its generalizability, indicating the need for randomized controlled trials with longer follow-up periods.

Purpose:This study examined the influence of violence experiences, responses to violence, and violence coping strategies on professional quality of life among 119 paramedics in Korea. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design was employed. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires between October 11 and November 30, 2024. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS/WIN 29.0, including independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation analyses, and multiple regression. Results: Multiple regression analyses revealed different predictors across subdomains of professional quality of life. Problem-focused coping was a significant positive predictor of compassion satisfaction (β=.27, p<.001), explaining 16.4% of the variance. Burnout was positively associated with emotional response (β=.28, p=.004) and physical response (β=.31, p=.004), while problem-focused coping showed a negative association (β=-.24, p<.001), with an explanatory power of 37.3%. For secondary traumatic stress, emotional response (β=.19, p=.030) and physical response (β=.46, p<.001) were significant predictors, accounting for 51.2% of the variance. Conclusion: Violence-related responses and coping strategies exert differential effects on paramedics’ professional quality of life. Strengthening problem- focused coping and addressing emotional and physical responses to violence may help improve professional quality of life in prehospital emergency care settings.

Purpose: This study examined the influence of resilience, happiness, and the nursing work environment on nurses’ intention to stay. Methods: Data were collected online from February 5 to 21, 2025, from 214 staff nurses in 100~400-bed general hospitals in Ulsan, South Korea. Measures included the Brief Resilience Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, and Nurses’ Retention Index. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, correlations and hierarchical regression. Results: Mean scores were 3.26±0.66 for resilience, 4.69±0.95 for happiness, 2.58±0.43 for the nursing work environment, and 5.16±1.47 for intention to stay. Intention to stay differed by age, marital status, sleep hours, clinical experience, unit type, and salary satisfaction. Intention to stay correlated positively with resilience (r=.34), happiness (r=.38), and the nursing work environment (r=.35). Hierarchical regression analysis identified the nursing work environment (β=.27) as the strongest predictor of intention to stay, followed by age, salary satisfaction, marital status, and resilience. Conclusion: Improving the nursing work environment, salary satisfaction, and resilience is essential for enhancing nurses’ intention to stay, necessitating tailored strategies for younger or unmarried nurses.

Purpose: This study analyzed medication-related patient safety incidents reported to the Korea Patient Safety Reporting and Learning System (KOPS) from 2020 to 2024 to examine differences in the occurrence of harm by patient age, reporter, hospital type, time of daytime (incident time), and handover time windows, and to identify predictors of harm. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using 8,602 medication-related incident reports with complete key variables extracted from 36,281 KOPS reports. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Time of daytime (incident time) was categorized as Daytime (08:00~16:00), Eveningtime (16:00~22:00), Night-time (22:00~08:00). Handover time windows included 06:00~08:00, 14:00~16:00, and 22:00~24:00. Results: Harm occurred in 0.7% of incidents. Patients aged≥80 years had significantly higher odds of harm (OR=4.26, p<.001) compared to those aged 20~59 years. Incidents reported by patient safety officers were less likely to result in harm than those reported by healthcare workers (OR=0.08, p<.001). Although most incidents were reported during daytime (57.6%), time of daytime(incident time) and handover time windows (23.8%) were not significant predictors of harm in multivariable analysis. Conclusion: Harm occurrence was more strongly associated with patient age and reporter characteristics than with the timing of incidents. These findings highlight the need to strengthen medication safety for older adults and promote a proactive reporting culture to improve patient safety.