년 - 년
유치환 시의 ‘명암’ 의식에 나타난 자아 고찰 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제47집 2015.06 pp.115-134
...Yu Chi-hwan’s Poems. Yu embodies his psychological states in positive ideas and negative images by using light. His awareness of ‘light and shade’ appears in three aspects in his poems. First, he uses such words: ‘sunlight’, ‘sun’, ‘sunflower’ which presents ‘bright light’. Then he phrases ‘a dreary rain’, ‘dark clouds’, ‘shady’ to reveal his dark inner side and this overlaps the image of ‘water’. Lastly, these words like ‘dawn’, ‘daybreak’, ‘chicken’ image both light and darkness and are likely to combine with the sense of hearing, ‘day and night(i.e., the conflict)’ transcendence. Yu’s poetic world shows us an ambivalence, conflicting of one’s desire, with ‘light and shade’ variation.
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5,500원
본고는 유치환의 시에 나타나는 ‘명암’에 대한 의식의 특이성을 분석하는 방법으로, 길항하는 내면자아를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 유치환 시인은 심리 상태에 따라 빛을 통해 긍정적인관념과 어둠에 대해 부정적인 심상을 형상화한다. 유치환의 시에서 빛과 어둠에 대한 의식은세 가지 양상으로 드러난다. 우선 ‘白日’, ‘태양’, ‘해바라기’ 등은 ‘밝은 빛’으로써 존재를 부각한다. 다음으로 어두운 내면을 표현할 때에는 ‘陰雨’, ‘暗雲’, ‘陰濕’ 등의 시어를 사용하여 ‘물’ 이미지와 중첩시킨다. 마지막으로 ‘여명’, ‘새벽, ‘닭’ 등의 시어는 어둠과 빛의 경계에 있으며 청각과 결합하는 경향이있는데 이는 낮과 밤 곧 대립의 초월을 의미한다. 이렇듯 유치환 시세계는 다양한 ‘명암’ 상징이 변주되면서 존재의 욕망이 갈등하며 양가성을 지닌다.
This writing aims at establishing an opposing inner ego in a way of analyzing the singularity, introspection, appeared as ‘light and shade’ in Yu Chi-hwan’s Poems. Yu embodies his psychological states in positive ideas and negative images by using light. His awareness of ‘light and shade’ appears in three aspects in his poems. First, he uses such words: ‘sunlight’, ‘sun’, ‘sunflower’ which presents ‘bright light’. Then he phrases ‘a dreary rain’, ‘dark clouds’, ‘shady’ to reveal his dark inner side and this overlaps the image of ‘water’. Lastly, these words like ‘dawn’, ‘daybreak’, ‘chicken’ image both light and darkness and are likely to combine with the sense of hearing, ‘day and night(i.e., the conflict)’ transcendence. Yu’s poetic world shows us an ambivalence, conflicting of one’s desire, with ‘light and shade’ variation.
『律呂新書摘解』를 통해서 본 柳僖의 악률론 연구 KCI 등재
한서대학교 동양고전연구소 동방학 제22집 2012.02 pp.359-398
...YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae” is the book by Yu-Hee(柳僖 :1773-1837) in 1802, which is left in his collection of works, “Bangpyunjayugo(方便子遺稿)” together with “AkYulGwanGyeonByeon(樂律管見辯)” In “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, YuHee extracts the main idea of “YulRyeoShinSeo” by Chawonjung(蔡元定) and adds his translation. This dissertation aims to analyze the contents of “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, to explore YuHee's temperament theory and his place in his time. I divide the content of “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, one is about 12 variation, the other, the theory of scales, focusing on the perimeter and diameter of the 12 pitch pipes, the loss and gain of three dividing, the location of Yin and Yang in 12 variation and other ideas in the theory. I explore the tables of 84 tones and 60 scales, their reading and the use of the variation and 28tones. “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae” explains “YulRyeoShinSeo” by Chawonjung(蔡元定), clarifies controversial parts of the book and YuHee's unique explanation, points out wrong numerical values, wrong terms and ideas and criticizes wrong view points, which is distinctive, compared with other books.
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8,500원
<율려신서적해(律呂新書摘解)>는 저자 유희(柳僖: 1773~1837)가 1802년에 지은 악률에 관한 책이다. 이 책은 유희의 호를 딴 문집 <방편자유고(方便子遺稿)>에 <악률관견변(樂律管見辨)>과 함께 남아 있는 글로써 송대 (宋代)의 악률학자 채원정(蔡元定)의 <율려신서(律呂新書)>를 요점을 골라내어서 자신의 해석을 달고 있는 저서이다. 이 논문은 유희의 <율려신서적해>의 내용을 분석하여 조선후기 유학자들의 악률에 관한 견해를 서술한 사람 들 중 한 사람인 유희의 악률론은 무엇이고 그의 위치가 무엇인지 가늠해 보는 것을 목적으로 하였다. 이 논문은 <율려신서적해>의 내용을 크게 두 가지로 나누어 살펴보았는데 하나는 12율론에 대한 것이고 다른 하나는 조(調)에 관한 논의이다. 12율에 관한 부분은 다시 황종(黃鐘)의 율관의 공위(空圍)문제, 삼분손익(三 分損益) 과정에서 12율의 상생(上生)과 하생(下生)에 따른 음양(陰陽)의 위치 문제, 실(實), 법(法), 소분(小分) 등의 개념문제가 거론되었던 점을 중심으로 살펴보았고 조에 관한 논의는 84聲圖와 60調圖를 읽는 문제, 변율 (變律)과 用28聲의 문제를 거론하였던 점을 중심으로 살펴보았다. 이 논문을 통해 유희의 <율려신서적해>가 채원정의 <율려신서>를 해석한 것이지만 단순히 번역이나 해석만 이 아니라 <율려신서>의 내용 중에 그동안 논란이 되었던 부분을 적출해 내고 유희만의 독특한 설명방식을 보였음을 알 수 있었으며 부연한 설명이나 <율려신서>에서 잘못된 수치나 용어, 개념, 어구 해석 등을 적나라 하게 지적한 점, 잘못된 관점이나 견해를 비판한 점 등을 볼 때 당시의 비슷한 류의 조선후기 다른 악률관계 저서들과 비교되는 점이라고 할 수 있다.
“YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae” is the book by Yu-Hee(柳僖 :1773-1837) in 1802, which is left in his collection of works, “Bangpyunjayugo(方便子遺稿)” together with “AkYulGwanGyeonByeon(樂律管見辯)” In “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, YuHee extracts the main idea of “YulRyeoShinSeo” by Chawonjung(蔡元定) and adds his translation. This dissertation aims to analyze the contents of “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, to explore YuHee's temperament theory and his place in his time. I divide the content of “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae”, one is about 12 variation, the other, the theory of scales, focusing on the perimeter and diameter of the 12 pitch pipes, the loss and gain of three dividing, the location of Yin and Yang in 12 variation and other ideas in the theory. I explore the tables of 84 tones and 60 scales, their reading and the use of the variation and 28tones. “YulRyeoShinSeoJukHae” explains “YulRyeoShinSeo” by Chawonjung(蔡元定), clarifies controversial parts of the book and YuHee's unique explanation, points out wrong numerical values, wrong terms and ideas and criticizes wrong view points, which is distinctive, compared with other books.
6,400원
사명당(四溟堂) 유정(惟政) 진영(眞影)의 현황과 이미지의 구현(具現) KCI 등재
강원대학교 강원문화연구소 강원문화연구 제52집 2025.12 pp.179-211
...Yujeong was one of the most distinguished Buddhist monks of the mid-Joseon period, variously characterized as a Seon (Zen) master, a man of letters accomplished in both poetry and calligraphy, a valiant military leader, and a strategist noted for his diplomatic prowess. Revered by the public and enveloped in numerous legends, he came to be venerated as a heroic cultural figure. To date, approximately thirty extant portraits (jinyeong, 眞影) of him have been identified across Korea. The primary aim of such portraits is to render the sitter’s physiognomy with rigorous realism so as to visually manifest the subject’s inner spirit. A micro-stylistic examination of the extant works reveals that portraits of Samyeongdang tend to embody two distinct representational modes: one that foregrounds his image as a martial leader, and another that articulates the contemplative and profound spirituality of an eminent monk. Among these, the portrait underscoring his military persona is represented by the Donghwasa version, whereas the Boston Museum of Fine Arts version more fully conveys the image of a morally and spiritually elevated monk. Taking into account both stylistic features and the associated inscriptions (影題), this study advances the argument that the portrait formerly enshrined at Hongjeam after Samyeongdang’s death was most likely the original work corresponding to the version now preserved at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
사명당 유정은 선승이자 시와 뛰어난 필력을 구사하는 문예인, 그리고 용맹한 장수와 성공적인 외교력을 보여준 지략가 등 다양하게 지칭되어 왔으며 대중적인 환호 속에 많은 설화를 낳아 영웅시 되어온 조선 중기를 대표하는 고승이다. 진영은 고승의 외형을 핍진(逼 眞)하게 사실적으로 묘사하여 그의 정신까지 표출하는 것을 목표로 한다. 사명 유정의 진영은 전국에 약 30여점이 알려져 있다. 이들의 화풍을 미시적으로 분석한 결과 사명 유정의 진영에서는 두가지 유형의 이미지가 구현되었다고 분석하였다. 용맹스럽고 지략있 는 장수(將帥)로서의 이미지와 선심과 깊은 내면의 정신을 표출하는 고승의 이미지가 그것이다. 장수로서의 이미지가 강조된 진영으로서는 동화사 소장본, 덕 높은 고승의 이미 지가 강조된 것은 보스턴미술관 소장본을 대표적으로 손꼽을 수 있을 것이다. 이미지의 특징과 영제(影題)를 고려하여 사명당의 사후 해인사 영자전(影子殿, 弘濟庵의 창건시 명칭)에 봉안하였던 진영은 보스턴미술관본의 원본이었을 가능성이 더 크다는 의견을 제시하였다.
Samyeongdang Yujeong was one of the most distinguished Buddhist monks of the mid-Joseon period, variously characterized as a Seon (Zen) master, a man of letters accomplished in both poetry and calligraphy, a valiant military leader, and a strategist noted for his diplomatic prowess. Revered by the public and enveloped in numerous legends, he came to be venerated as a heroic cultural figure. To date, approximately thirty extant portraits (jinyeong, 眞影) of him have been identified across Korea. The primary aim of such portraits is to render the sitter’s physiognomy with rigorous realism so as to visually manifest the subject’s inner spirit. A micro-stylistic examination of the extant works reveals that portraits of Samyeongdang tend to embody two distinct representational modes: one that foregrounds his image as a martial leader, and another that articulates the contemplative and profound spirituality of an eminent monk. Among these, the portrait underscoring his military persona is represented by the Donghwasa version, whereas the Boston Museum of Fine Arts version more fully conveys the image of a morally and spiritually elevated monk. Taking into account both stylistic features and the associated inscriptions (影題), this study advances the argument that the portrait formerly enshrined at Hongjeam after Samyeongdang’s death was most likely the original work corresponding to the version now preserved at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
『洪武正韵译训』中体现的影喻疑母合流现象研究 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제89집 2025.12 pp.413-435
...Yun(云母), Yi(以母), Yi(疑母), and Ying(影母) underwent complex changes throughout Chinese phonological history, with evidence of their convergence documented in various texts. The Joseon Dynasty, contemporaneous with the early modern Chinese period, preserved a wealth of Chinese phonetic materials. These records provide crucial evidence for studying the evolution of these initials during that era. In the Hongmu Jeong'un Yeokhun, the Ying, Yu(喻母), and Yi(疑母) initials formed a tripartite opposition. This study analyzes the standard and colloquial pronunciation systems recorded in the text, revealing not only a strict opposition but also overlapping phenomena between the Ying and Yu, as well as between the Yi and Yu. The research procedure involved the following steps: first, we systematically examined the historical development of these Middle Chinese initials Ying, Yu, and Yi; second, we reconstructed the compilation process of the Hongmu Jeong'un Yeokhun and its transcription system for the 31 initials of the Hongmu Jeong'un(洪武正韻). We then conducted a comparative analysis of the fanqie notations and the standard and colloquial transcriptions. This analysis was supplemented by references to the Saseong Tonggo(四聲通考) and Hunminjeongeum Haerye(訓民正音解例) to systematically summarize the patterns of convergence among the Ying, Yu, and Yi Initials as reflected in the text.
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6,000원
중고 음운체계에서의 운모(云母), 이모(以母), 의모(疑母), 영모(影母)는 중국어 음운사에서 복잡한 변화 과정을 겪었으며, 다양한 문헌에서 이들 성모의 합류 현상을 확인할 수 있다. 근대중국어 시기와 시대적으로 일치하는 조선 시대에는 풍부한 중국어 역음 자료가 남아 있는데, 이러한 자료에 대한 기록과 기술은 이들 성모가 근대중국어 시기에 어떻게 변화했는지를 연구하는 데 중요한 문헌적 근거를 제공한다. 운모, 이모, 의모, 영모는『홍무정운역훈』에서 영모, 유모(喻母), 의모의 삼중 대립 구조를 형성하였다. 본고는『홍무정운역훈』에 기록된 정음과 속음 체계를 분석하여 영모, 유모, 의모가 엄격한 대립을 이루는 것 외에도 영모와 유모, 의모와 유모 사이에 교차 현상이 나타났음을 규명하였다. 구체적인 연구 절차는 다음과 같다: 첫째, 중고 운모, 이모, 의모, 영모가 중국 음운사에서 보이는 변화 양상을 체계적으로 고찰하였다. 둘째,『홍무정운역훈』의 편찬 과정과『홍무정운』 31성모에 대한 훈민정음 표기 방식을 체계적으로 정리하였다. 이를 바탕으로 운서 내 반절 표기, 성모 체계의 정음 표기와 속음 표기를 일대일 대조 분석하였으며,『사성통고』 범례와『훈민정음 해례』 등 관련 자료를 종합적으로 고려하여『홍무정운역훈』에 구현된 영모, 유모, 의모의 합류 과정에서 나타나는 변화 양상을 체계적으로 정리하였다.
The Middle Chinese initials Yun(云母), Yi(以母), Yi(疑母), and Ying(影母) underwent complex changes throughout Chinese phonological history, with evidence of their convergence documented in various texts. The Joseon Dynasty, contemporaneous with the early modern Chinese period, preserved a wealth of Chinese phonetic materials. These records provide crucial evidence for studying the evolution of these initials during that era. In the Hongmu Jeong'un Yeokhun, the Ying, Yu(喻母), and Yi(疑母) initials formed a tripartite opposition. This study analyzes the standard and colloquial pronunciation systems recorded in the text, revealing not only a strict opposition but also overlapping phenomena between the Ying and Yu, as well as between the Yi and Yu. The research procedure involved the following steps: first, we systematically examined the historical development of these Middle Chinese initials Ying, Yu, and Yi; second, we reconstructed the compilation process of the Hongmu Jeong'un Yeokhun and its transcription system for the 31 initials of the Hongmu Jeong'un(洪武正韻). We then conducted a comparative analysis of the fanqie notations and the standard and colloquial transcriptions. This analysis was supplemented by references to the Saseong Tonggo(四聲通考) and Hunminjeongeum Haerye(訓民正音解例) to systematically summarize the patterns of convergence among the Ying, Yu, and Yi Initials as reflected in the text.
유몽인 記文에서의 ‘자연’ KCI 등재
열상고전연구회 열상고전연구 제77집 2022.06 pp.9-58
...Yu Mong-in(柳夢寅)'s Kimun(記文) To this end, I organized and analyzed the core works through a total survey of 32 works included in his collection of literary works 『∂-woo-jip(於于集)』. Furthermore, based on this, I tried to look at the overall aspect and meaning of the Model(典範) of Nature(自然) in Yu Mong-in's literature. According to Yu Mong-in, Nature is revealed through human being(物因人彰, 人因 物餙), and human being appear through Nature. Nature and human being are not polar opposites, but rather a relationship of complementary sensibility that can exist only through each other. Here, the natural world is expressed as an analogical model of human being. In addition, Classics are also considered as important model along with Nature. For example, by closely linking Nature's inartificialness(拙) and Classic's inartificialness(拙), I reflected on the universal truth(道) that penetrates between Nature and human being, Confucianism and Taoism, China and Chosŏn, and the old(古) and the present(今). Furthermore, it was confirmed that the natural philosophical awareness expressed in Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) was closely aligned with social philosophies such as politics and ethics of Confucianism. This is not limited to simply trying to imitate Nature as a transcendental model, but it can be said to be an attempt to re-recognize the law of nature politically and ethically through a Confucian prism. This Nature is not 'nature as it is', but Confucian Nature that has been read ex post facto. In this thesis, this is called the politicization of Nature or the ethicalization of Nature. In addition, the uniqueness of Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) lies in that Nature is actively used as an opportunity to form a Confucian subject. In other words, the subject is thought to be prior to Nature. Furthermore, Yu Mong-in argued that by overthrowing the traditional 'Thought of Heaven and Human being(天人觀)', humans can reach the realm of heaven on their own by not relying on heaven. This can be said to be a subjective 'Thought of Heaven and Human being(天人觀)'. Yu Mong-in recognized the Heaven(Nature) as a state attainable through human effort, not as a regulatory ideology or an absolute model to control human affairs. In this way, Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) deeply explore the fundamental and current issues surrounding the relationship between Nature and the Classics as models, the politicization of Nature and the ethicalization of Nature, the subject and the other, and natural philosophy and social philosophy.
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10,000원
본고는 유몽인의 記文에 드러난 ‘자연 인식’을 종합적으로 고찰한 연구이다. 이 를 위해 『於于集』의 記文총 32편에 대한 전수조사를 통해 본고의 논의와 관련된 핵심 작품을 정리하고 분석하였다. 나아가 이를 기반으로 유몽인 문학에서의 ‘자연’ 이라는 전범이 어떠한 양상과 의미를 지니는지 전체적으로 조망하고자 하였다. 유몽인에 따르면 자연은 사람을 통해 드러나고 사람은 자연을 통해 나타난다. [物因人彰, 人因物餙] 자연과 사람은 대립의 상극적 존재가 아니라 서로를 통해 야만 존재 가능한 상보적 감응의 관계인 것이다. 여기서 자연계는 인간사에 대한 유비적 전범으로서 표현된다. 아울러 고전 또한 자연과 함께 중요한 전범으로서 사유되고 있는데, 가령 ‘자연의 졸렬함’과 ‘고전의 졸렬함’을 긴밀하게 연계시켜 자 연과 인간, 유가와 도가, 중국과 조선, 古와 今을 관통하는 보편 진리로서의 ‘道’ 에 대해 성찰하기도 하였다. 나아가 유몽인 기문에 나타난 자연철학적 인식은 유 가의 정치학, 윤리학과 같은 사회철학과도 긴밀하게 조응되어 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 선험적 전범으로서의 자연을 단순히 모방하고 재현하고자 하는 데 그치지 않 고 유가적 프리즘을 통해 자연의 이치를 정치적ㆍ윤리적으로 새로이 재인식하고 자 하는 시도라 할 수 있다. 여기서의 자연은 ‘있는 그대로의 자연 그 자체’가 아니 라 사후적으로 새로이 독해된 ‘유가적 자연’인 것이다. 본고에서는 이를 ‘자연의 정 치화’ 내지 ‘자연의 윤리화’라 명명하여 파악하였다. 아울러 유몽인 기문의 고유성은 ‘유가적 주체’의 형성을 위한 계기로 자연이 적 극 활용된다는 점에 있다. 곧 자연보다 주체가, 외물보다 사람이 선차적인 것으로 사고되는 것이다. 급기야 유몽인은 기왕의 天人觀에 대한 전도를 통해 인간이 하 늘에 의지하지 않음으로써 오히려 하늘의 경지에 스스로 도달할 수 있다는 주체적 天人觀을 역설하였다. 하늘(자연)을 인간이 본원적으로 닮아야 할 규제적 이념이 나 인간사를 주재하는 절대적 전범으로서가 아니라, 인간 스스로의 노력에 의해 도달 가능한 상태로 인식한 것이다. 이처럼 유몽인의 기문은 전범으로서의 자연과 고전, 자연의 정치화와 윤리화 및 주체와 타자, 자연철학과 사회철학의 관계를 둘 러싼 근원적이면서도 시의적인 다양한 쟁점들을 깊이 있게 탐색하고 있다.
In this thesis, I comprehensively explore the View of Nature(自然) in Yu Mong-in(柳夢寅)'s Kimun(記文) To this end, I organized and analyzed the core works through a total survey of 32 works included in his collection of literary works 『∂-woo-jip(於于集)』. Furthermore, based on this, I tried to look at the overall aspect and meaning of the Model(典範) of Nature(自然) in Yu Mong-in's literature. According to Yu Mong-in, Nature is revealed through human being(物因人彰, 人因 物餙), and human being appear through Nature. Nature and human being are not polar opposites, but rather a relationship of complementary sensibility that can exist only through each other. Here, the natural world is expressed as an analogical model of human being. In addition, Classics are also considered as important model along with Nature. For example, by closely linking Nature's inartificialness(拙) and Classic's inartificialness(拙), I reflected on the universal truth(道) that penetrates between Nature and human being, Confucianism and Taoism, China and Chosŏn, and the old(古) and the present(今). Furthermore, it was confirmed that the natural philosophical awareness expressed in Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) was closely aligned with social philosophies such as politics and ethics of Confucianism. This is not limited to simply trying to imitate Nature as a transcendental model, but it can be said to be an attempt to re-recognize the law of nature politically and ethically through a Confucian prism. This Nature is not 'nature as it is', but Confucian Nature that has been read ex post facto. In this thesis, this is called the politicization of Nature or the ethicalization of Nature. In addition, the uniqueness of Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) lies in that Nature is actively used as an opportunity to form a Confucian subject. In other words, the subject is thought to be prior to Nature. Furthermore, Yu Mong-in argued that by overthrowing the traditional 'Thought of Heaven and Human being(天人觀)', humans can reach the realm of heaven on their own by not relying on heaven. This can be said to be a subjective 'Thought of Heaven and Human being(天人觀)'. Yu Mong-in recognized the Heaven(Nature) as a state attainable through human effort, not as a regulatory ideology or an absolute model to control human affairs. In this way, Yu Mong-in's Kimun(記文) deeply explore the fundamental and current issues surrounding the relationship between Nature and the Classics as models, the politicization of Nature and the ethicalization of Nature, the subject and the other, and natural philosophy and social philosophy.
兼语短语的句法功能及相关问题 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제70집 2021.03 pp.269-292
...yu phrases and related problems, and draws the following conclusions. a. Jian-yu phrases can not only be used as predicate, subject, object, prepositional object, attributive and complement, but also form “de” phrase with “de” and position phrase with position word. The differences in the types of Jian-yu phrases are also reflected in the syntactic combination function. b. As Jian-yu phrases can appear in different syntactic positions in the sentence, it can be semantically related to different components in the sentence, showing the diversity of its semantic direction. c. Not only the sentences with the predicate of Jian-yu phrases are not restricted by tense, but also the sentences with other components containing Jian-yu phrases are not restricted by tense. A sentence containing Jian-yu phrases can be either “Yiran” sentence or a “Weiran” sentence. d. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, it is not only limited to the explanation of Jian-yu Sentences, but also to explain the syntactic functions and usages of Jian-yu phrases, so as to improve students’ overall understanding of Jian-yu phrases and improve their practical application ability.
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6,100원
본문에서는 兼語短語의 문법적 기능 및 관련문제에 대한 전면적인 고찰과 분석을 통하여 아래와 같은 결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 兼語短語는 술어, 주어, 목적어, 전치사목적어, 관형어, 보어로 될 수 있고 또한“的” 와 결합하여“的”字短語,방위사와 결합하여 方位短語를 구성할 수도 있다. 兼語短語의 각종 유형간의 다른 점은 문법적 조합 방면에서도 반영된다. 둘째, 兼語短語가 문장 중에서 서로 다른 위치에 존재할 수 있기 때문에 서로 다른 문장 성분과 관계를 발생하며 그 語義指向도 다양성을 띤다. 셋째, 兼語短語가 술어로 되는 兼語句가 시제의 제약을 받지 않을 뿐만 아니라 기타 성분 에 포함된 兼語短語 문장에서도 시제의 제약을 받지 않으며 已然句 혹은 未然句로 될 수 있 다. 넷째, 대외한어 교육 현장에서 兼語句에 대해서만 다루지 말고 兼語短語의 각종 문법적 기능과 활용법에 대해서 구체적으로 설명함으로써 학생들의 兼語短語에 대한 종합적 인식을 제고시키고 실제 활용능력을 효과적으로 향상 시킬 수 있다.
This paper makes a detailed study of the syntactic functions of Jian-yu phrases and related problems, and draws the following conclusions. a. Jian-yu phrases can not only be used as predicate, subject, object, prepositional object, attributive and complement, but also form “de” phrase with “de” and position phrase with position word. The differences in the types of Jian-yu phrases are also reflected in the syntactic combination function. b. As Jian-yu phrases can appear in different syntactic positions in the sentence, it can be semantically related to different components in the sentence, showing the diversity of its semantic direction. c. Not only the sentences with the predicate of Jian-yu phrases are not restricted by tense, but also the sentences with other components containing Jian-yu phrases are not restricted by tense. A sentence containing Jian-yu phrases can be either “Yiran” sentence or a “Weiran” sentence. d. In teaching Chinese as a foreign language, it is not only limited to the explanation of Jian-yu Sentences, but also to explain the syntactic functions and usages of Jian-yu phrases, so as to improve students’ overall understanding of Jian-yu phrases and improve their practical application ability.
김유정 · 이효석 문학 비교 연구 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제65집 2019.12 pp.101-128
...Yu-jeong and Lee Hyo-seok share many common features including creative activities in the 1930s, hometown in the Yeongseo region of Gangwon, influences of Marxism and Western literature, membership of Guinhoi, and prolific works during a short period of time. Despite their common features, however, they are different in literary viewpoints and worlds. The two writers wrote original and distinctive novels that transcended the boundary between realism and modernism, between KAPF and Guinhoi, and between aesthetic and realistic consciousness, thus enriching literature in the 1930s. Criticizing art for art and new psychological literature, Kim was oriented toward literature about love that could contribute to the entire mankind. He believed that technical skills and artistic techniques were not enough to deliver the content right and could not be the core of literature. He criticized individualism represented by Nietzsche and Malthus and sought after a love community based on Kropotkin's mutual aid theory and Marx's capital theory. Based on this literary viewpoints, he chose a novel composition method that developed around events and characters' actions and depicted the extreme aspects of life among the lower class that moaned and suffered in the modern colonial capitalist society including farmers and peddlers with bottled liquor. Singing Yukjabaegi and putting on the Joseon clothes all the time, he used folksy Pansori-style sentences in his novels. He also published Hong Gil-Dong Stories and Dupo Stories, putting an emphasis on the mutual aid and love of the national community. Lee Hyo-seok, on the other hand, sought after romantic realism based on the art-for-art principle and aestheticism. His literature based on his aesthetic consciousness advocated the middle between romance and reality and placed importance on artistry, technical skills, techniques, inner psychology and spatial description. In his novels suggesting signs and subplots with beautiful night landscapes and refined synaesthetic poetic expressions, he revealed his thematic consciousness by putting life and reality in the background and depicting the scenery of a village and nature under the influence of Mansfield and Chekhov for their background descriptions and Dostoevsky and Maupassant for their inner psychology. The literary worlds of the two authors are revealed clearly in their positive or negative assessment of James Joyce. Changing his daily life habits into Western culture in pursuit of modern Western literature, Lee wrote novels mainly dealing with the desire and psychology of elite intellectuals including the upper class that climbed the status ladder during the transitional time, newspaper reporters, writers, carriers of culture, doctors, and heads of film studios. His literature that is Western, urban, and modern made Korean literature in the 1930s colorful and refined by pursuing art for art.
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6,700원
김유정과 이효석은 1930년대 창작활동, 강원 영서지역 출신, 마르크시즘과 서구문학의 영향, 구인회 소속, 짧은 시기에 많은 작품을 발표한 작가라는 공통점에도 불구하고 문학관과 문학세계의 차이를 보였다. 두 작가는 리얼리즘과 모더니즘, 카프와 구인회, 미의식과 현실인식의 경계를 넘어서는 독창적이고 특색있는 소설을 남겼다. 예술을 위한 예술, 신심리주의문학을 비판한 김유정은 전인류에게 이바지할 수 있는 사랑을 바탕으로 한 내용 중심의 문학을 지향하였다. 따라서 기교나 예술적 기법은 내용전달에 미치지 못하며, 문학의 핵심이 될 수 없다고 보았다. 그는 니체, 마르사스로 표상되는 개인주의를 비판하고 크로포트킨의 상호부조론과 맑스의 자본론에 기초한 사랑공동체를 추구했다. 이러한 문학관을 바탕으로 사건과 인물 행동 위주로 전개되는 소설구성방식을 취한 김유정은 식민지근대 자본주의사회에서 신음하고 고통 받는 농군, 들병이 등 하층민의 핍진한 생활상을 그렸다. 육자배기를 부르고 조선옷을 늘상 입는 김유정은 토속적인 판소리체 문장을 구사하며 <홍길동전>, <두포전>을 발표하는 등 민중공동체의 상호부조와 사랑을 강조한다. 이에 비해 이효석은 예술지상주의, 유미주의를 바탕으로 하는 낭만적 리얼리즘을 추구했다. 미의식에 기반한 그의 문학은 낭만과 리얼의 중간을 주창했으며 예술성과 기교, 내면심리, 공간묘사를 중시했다. 서정적인 배경묘사와 세련된 공감각적·시적 표현으로 전조와 복선을 내포하는 그의 소설은 맨스필드, 체홉의 배경묘사와 도스또예프스키, 모파상의 내면심리의 영향하에 생활과 현실을 전경화하고 마을풍경이나 자연묘사를 통해 주제의식을 형상화했다. 두 작가의 문학관은 제임스 조이스 문학 평가에서 극명하게 드러났다. 서구근대문학을 위해 생활양식을 서구문화로 바꾼 이효석 소설은 시대적 전환기에 신분상승을 한 상류층이나 신문기자, 작가, 문화전달자, 의사, 영화사사장 등 엘리트 지식인의 욕망과 심리를 주로 다룬다. 서구적이고 도시적이며 모던한 그의 문학은 예술을 위한 예술을 추구했다는 점에서 30년대 우리 문학을 다채롭고 풍성하게 했다. 두 작가는 동시대에 활동하여 마르크시즘과 모더니즘에 노출되었음에도 불구하고 상반된 문학관과 전혀 다른 문학세계를 남겼다.
Kim Yu-jeong and Lee Hyo-seok share many common features including creative activities in the 1930s, hometown in the Yeongseo region of Gangwon, influences of Marxism and Western literature, membership of Guinhoi, and prolific works during a short period of time. Despite their common features, however, they are different in literary viewpoints and worlds. The two writers wrote original and distinctive novels that transcended the boundary between realism and modernism, between KAPF and Guinhoi, and between aesthetic and realistic consciousness, thus enriching literature in the 1930s. Criticizing art for art and new psychological literature, Kim was oriented toward literature about love that could contribute to the entire mankind. He believed that technical skills and artistic techniques were not enough to deliver the content right and could not be the core of literature. He criticized individualism represented by Nietzsche and Malthus and sought after a love community based on Kropotkin's mutual aid theory and Marx's capital theory. Based on this literary viewpoints, he chose a novel composition method that developed around events and characters' actions and depicted the extreme aspects of life among the lower class that moaned and suffered in the modern colonial capitalist society including farmers and peddlers with bottled liquor. Singing Yukjabaegi and putting on the Joseon clothes all the time, he used folksy Pansori-style sentences in his novels. He also published Hong Gil-Dong Stories and Dupo Stories, putting an emphasis on the mutual aid and love of the national community. Lee Hyo-seok, on the other hand, sought after romantic realism based on the art-for-art principle and aestheticism. His literature based on his aesthetic consciousness advocated the middle between romance and reality and placed importance on artistry, technical skills, techniques, inner psychology and spatial description. In his novels suggesting signs and subplots with beautiful night landscapes and refined synaesthetic poetic expressions, he revealed his thematic consciousness by putting life and reality in the background and depicting the scenery of a village and nature under the influence of Mansfield and Chekhov for their background descriptions and Dostoevsky and Maupassant for their inner psychology. The literary worlds of the two authors are revealed clearly in their positive or negative assessment of James Joyce. Changing his daily life habits into Western culture in pursuit of modern Western literature, Lee wrote novels mainly dealing with the desire and psychology of elite intellectuals including the upper class that climbed the status ladder during the transitional time, newspaper reporters, writers, carriers of culture, doctors, and heads of film studios. His literature that is Western, urban, and modern made Korean literature in the 1930s colorful and refined by pursuing art for art.
8,700원
对《朝鲜館译语》语音及词汇的几点考证 KCI 등재후보
한국언어연구학회 언어학연구 제21권 1호 2016.04 pp.201-215
...Yu’ during the end of Koryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty period, also during the early Ming Dynasty. The investigation for the purpose of this paper, a few problems that appeared in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu were compared with the Chinese rhyme sounds and its dialect and the following special characteristics were identified. The sounds of the Chinese characters in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu for the most part reflects the sound scale of the Nanjing dialect system. Some vocabularies of the ancient Korean language that appeared in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu still exist in some regional dialects.
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4,800원
This paper aims to investigate into various special characteristics of speech sounds of translated words of Korean that appears in the book ‘Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu’ during the end of Koryeo Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty period, also during the early Ming Dynasty. The investigation for the purpose of this paper, a few problems that appeared in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu were compared with the Chinese rhyme sounds and its dialect and the following special characteristics were identified. The sounds of the Chinese characters in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu for the most part reflects the sound scale of the Nanjing dialect system. Some vocabularies of the ancient Korean language that appeared in the Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu still exist in some regional dialects.
김유정 소설에서 본 비극미의 양상 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제50집 2016.03 pp.151-170
...Yu-Jeong is a writer known for the bizarre world she creates in her works. She has written more than 30 books over the years, all of which can be considered as both a novel anda collection of short stories. Her books portray lives of local farmers, displaced peasants and the homeless. Half of her novels are set in cities, but they tell stories of the tragic lives of displaced farmers who move to cities in search of a better life. For Kim, the village in the 1930s of Gangwon Province in Korea, is not only a place that reflects the historical changes of the period, but also a microcosm of the disastrous lives of farmers and the society they lived in. Kim's works are heavy with tragic elements that are reflected through the silhouette of the unfortunate farmers and their mental world, through which the readers can experience tragic beauty. When discussing tragedy, it is not the pain, but the way of accepting the pain that needs to be discussed. Without protest, there is no tragedy what brings readers pleasure when reading tragedy, is not the disaster depicted in the story, but the struggle and revolt of the protagonist. Kim's version of revolt combines the elements of tragedy with that of comedy, and this is what brings weight to the creative work of the author. This papershows how comedy is reflected in tragedy, which can be further explained by analyzing different patterns such as deadlock between beauty and ugliness, combination of joy and sorrow, and blend of despair and humor.
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5,500원
한국현대문학사에서 김유정은 기이한 예술의 세계를 구축한 작가이다. 그의 30여 편의 소설은 거의 모두 소작농, 이농민이나 실향민의 운명을 쓴 것으로서 한부의 장편으로 가두거나시리즈나 연체(連體)형의 소설로 취급할 수 있는 특징을 띤다. 작품수의 절반이 되는, 도시를주 무대로 하는 작품들도 사실은 이농민이 도시에 진출한 후의 일을 썼으므로 역시 파산농민의 운명을 연속적으로 반영하였다고 보아야 한다. 김유정에게 있어서 강원도 마을은 20세기30년대 한국 파산농민의 운명의 역사적 변천을 반영하는 대상이면서 그 시대, 그 사회와 파산농민의 생활의 축도이기도 하다. 파산농민의 형상과 그들의 정신세계를 반영한 김유정의 작품은 비극적 색채를 진하게 띰으로써 독자들에게 비극미를 체험하게 한다. 비극을 논함에 있어거대한 고통보다도 고통을 대하는 방식이야말로 가장 요긴한 것이다. 항거가 없다면 비극도없을 것이며 비극을 흠상할 때에 우리에게 쾌감을 안겨주는 것은 작품 속에 그려진 재난이아니라 다름 아닌 항거정신이다. 작가 김유정의 항거는 비극적 요소에 희극성을 융합시킴으로써 가치를 얻었거니와 작품의 창신성과 심각성도 이에서 얻어졌다. 희극의 방식으로 비극을반영한 그것은 보다 구체적으로 미와 추의 교착, 희와 비의 합류, 절망과 유머의 조화 등 양상으로 풀이할 수 있다고 본고는 인정하였다.
In the world of modern Korean literature, Kim Yu-Jeong is a writer known for the bizarre world she creates in her works. She has written more than 30 books over the years, all of which can be considered as both a novel anda collection of short stories. Her books portray lives of local farmers, displaced peasants and the homeless. Half of her novels are set in cities, but they tell stories of the tragic lives of displaced farmers who move to cities in search of a better life. For Kim, the village in the 1930s of Gangwon Province in Korea, is not only a place that reflects the historical changes of the period, but also a microcosm of the disastrous lives of farmers and the society they lived in. Kim's works are heavy with tragic elements that are reflected through the silhouette of the unfortunate farmers and their mental world, through which the readers can experience tragic beauty. When discussing tragedy, it is not the pain, but the way of accepting the pain that needs to be discussed. Without protest, there is no tragedy what brings readers pleasure when reading tragedy, is not the disaster depicted in the story, but the struggle and revolt of the protagonist. Kim's version of revolt combines the elements of tragedy with that of comedy, and this is what brings weight to the creative work of the author. This papershows how comedy is reflected in tragedy, which can be further explained by analyzing different patterns such as deadlock between beauty and ugliness, combination of joy and sorrow, and blend of despair and humor.
西陂 柳僖의 문답식 산문에 나타나는 주제 구현 양상 KCI 등재
동양고전학회 동양고전연구 제58집 2015.03 pp.73-106
...Yu Hui(柳僖1773-1837)'s catechetical prose. Yu Hui often used the catechetical prose to embody the theme of his works. The following is a summary of characteristics in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose. First, the protagonist of the works speaks for anguish of Yu Hui. Yu Hui led a miserable life, so he wanted to be solaced. However, he sometimes wanted to overcome unhappiness. Yu Hui always suffered from poverty, and he took a belt at his catechetical prose. Second, Yu Hui satirized on Joseon Dynasty in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose. There are many underprivileged people in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose, for example merchants, a master craftsman, ruined peers and so on. In the works, the underprivileged people sharply criticized the corruption of Joseon Dynasty and satirized peers. Finally, Yu hi effectively expressed his creative opinion by the catechetical method in his prose. To put it concretely, the characters of his works exchanged short questions and answers, repeatedly. This is the effective method to explain the complexive opinion of Yu Hui.
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7,600원
西陂 柳僖(1773-1837)의 한문 산문은 그 동안 많은 연구가 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본고에서는 유희의 한문 산문에 대한 연구의 일환으로써, 그의 문답식 한문 산문에 대해 고찰해 보고자 했다. 유희는 문답의 서술방식 을 다양한 문체에 걸쳐 사용했는데, 『문통』에 수록된 문답식 산문은 총 11편이 있다. 이는 문답식 산문의 사 적 흐름에서 살펴볼 때 결코 적은 양이 아니므로, 유희가 문답의 서술방식을 즐겨 사용한 작가군에 속한다고 할 수 있다. 유희의 문답식 한문 산문의 특징은 다음 몇 가지로 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 작중 화자의 변론을 통해 불우한 삶에 대한 고뇌와 성찰을 표현하고 있다. 유희는 寒士로 평생을 불우하 게 보냈다. 그는 자신의 불행에 대해 위로받고 싶은 욕구도 있었던 반면, 그것을 극복하고 군자의 도에 따르는 삶을 살고자 했다. 유희는 고단한 삶을 어떻게 받아들일지 고민하며 복잡한 심경을 갖고 있었다. 문답식 구성 은 유희의 이러한 심리를 효과적으로 드러내는데 기여했다. 유희는 작중화자를 통해 때로는 자신의 처지에 대 해 울분을 토로하기도 하고, 위로하기도 하며, 자신의 깨달음을 피력하기도 했다. 둘째, 소외된 계층과의 문답을 통해 당대 양반 사회를 풍자했다. 유희의 문답식 산문 속에는 무두장이⋅상인⋅몰 락 양반 등이 등장한다. 유희는 그들의 입을 통해 양반 사회의 모순을 폭로했다. 아첨하여 관직을 얻고 임금과 백성을 위해 일하지 않는 세태를 풍자했으며, 賢者가 제대로 등용되지 못하고 文이 무용지물이 되어버린 실정 을 개탄하기도 했다. 사회에서 소외받는 계층이 사회의 모순을 비판하고, 자기 자신도 그 비판의 대상의 되는 구조를 취했다. 이로써 당대 양반 사회의 모순을 입체적으로 그려냈다. 마지막으로 유희는 문답의 반복적 구성을 통해 자신의 주장을 논리적으로 개진했다. 유희는 『논어』나 <화리편>과 같이 문답의 반복을 통해 이치를 구명하는 글이 훌륭한 문답식 산문이라 여겼다. 이에 자신의 창견을 효과적으로 구현하기 위한 장치로서 문답식 구성을 활용했다. 유희의 작품은 홍대용⋅박지원 등 18세기 문답식 한문 산문과 李建昌⋅安潚의 문답식 한문 산문의 사이에 위치 하며, 문답식 산문 창작의 흐름을 이어준다고 할 수 있다. 본고에서 18⋅19세기의 다양한 문답식 산문과 유희의 작품을 비교하지 못한 것은 아쉬움으로 남는다. 이에 대해서는 추후의 연구를 기약한다.
The aim of this article is to analyze the embodiment of theme in Yu Hui(柳僖1773-1837)'s catechetical prose. Yu Hui often used the catechetical prose to embody the theme of his works. The following is a summary of characteristics in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose. First, the protagonist of the works speaks for anguish of Yu Hui. Yu Hui led a miserable life, so he wanted to be solaced. However, he sometimes wanted to overcome unhappiness. Yu Hui always suffered from poverty, and he took a belt at his catechetical prose. Second, Yu Hui satirized on Joseon Dynasty in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose. There are many underprivileged people in Yu Hui(柳僖)'s catechetical prose, for example merchants, a master craftsman, ruined peers and so on. In the works, the underprivileged people sharply criticized the corruption of Joseon Dynasty and satirized peers. Finally, Yu hi effectively expressed his creative opinion by the catechetical method in his prose. To put it concretely, the characters of his works exchanged short questions and answers, repeatedly. This is the effective method to explain the complexive opinion of Yu Hui.
위화의『형제』에 나타난 광기와 공간의 주체성 연구 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제45집 2014.12 pp.367-392
...Yú Hua show how space of capitalism’s desire can easily break down in realistic ‘the heterotopiaof narrative space’ of China as a communist country. but I can find transformedcreative and development image that is not yet renovation but it can over comechinese traditional values’ fall down from capitalism. so Brothers are culturaltotality texts about the Cultural Revolution in chinese modern history through‘the heterotopia of narrative space’ at these points.
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6,400원
본 논문은 국가폭력으로 인한 감성과 이성의 충돌 안에서 공간이 어떻게 변화하는지, 문혁이후 결합된 자본주의 권력과 인간의 욕망이 어떠한 광기적 공간을 만들어나가는지 알아보고자 하는 호기심에서부터 출발한다. 폭력과 권력에 예속된 공간 안에서 인물들이 만들어나가는주체적 공간을 찾아보기 위해 본 연구자는 이종공간이라는 개념을 사용하고 있다. 문혁직전부터 문혁이 이루어지는 동안 중국은 내가 살아남기 위해 타인을 현반으로 규정하고, 피비린내나는 폭력을 행사하는 실제적이고도 광기어린 공간이었다. 그러나 우리는 자신의 가정을 지키고 희망을 잃지 않으려는 송범평을 통해 중국의 전통적 가치를 이상적으로 생각하고 그 가치를 지키고자 한 인류애적․보편적 이종공간이 존재함을 확인할 수 있다. 문혁 이후 중국은 정치적으로는 공산주의 국가이면서도 경제적으로 자본주의를 따르는 이종공간이 생겨나는데 텍스트에서는 이광두와 송강의 공간을 나눔으로써 자본주의적 공간의 이종화를 보여준다. 자본주의적 사회주의 체제 안에서 새로운 권력구조의 중심에 선 이광두는 섹스와 사치로 점철된삶을 누린다. 반면 송강은 이 안에 편입되지 못하고 그로테스크하게 파편화된 또 다른 크로노토프 안에서 위치하게 된다. 문혁시기 이데올로기에 의해 광기적으로 변해버린 공간 안에서,문혁 이후 자본주의가 세속화되면서 물신숭배를 하는 또 다른 광기적 이종공간이 생겨난 것이다. 그 공간 안에서 이광두와 송강은 서로 다른 축제의 공간을 만든다. 이광두의 공간은 확장된 사고를 통해 몸과 세계의 교환을 추구하고, 내부와 외부, 나와 우리, 정체성과 타자성 사이의 경계를 교통하고 허무는 신체적 기호의 공간이다. 반면 송강의 공간은 이 공간에 유입되지 못하고 파편화된 육체를 가진 그로테스크 한 공간이다. 송강은 자살로서 그로테스크한 가면을 벗어버리고 갈매기로 비상하면서 주체적 공간을 형성한다. 이광두는 송강의 죽음 이후자본주의적 욕망이 얼마나 쉽게 무너질 수 있는지 깨닫고 스스로 벗어나고자 한다. 작가는 공산주의 국가이면서도 새로운 대중소비사회가 형성되어가는 현실적인 이종공간 안에서 자본주의적 욕망의 공간이 얼마나 쉽게 깨질 수 있는지 보여준다. 그러나 우리는 자본주의로 인한중국 전통적 가치의 몰락을 넘어서, 아직 쇄신되지는 않았지만 차츰 변형되어가는 생성과 성장의 이미지를 찾을 수 있다. 이러한 점에서 <형제>는 이종공간을 통해 당대사에 대한 문화적총체성을 드러낸 텍스트라 할 수 있다.
The article start from curiosity that I want to know two points of questions. first, how to change of a space in the crash of sensibility and intellect accordingto national violence. second, how to make a madness’ space in the authorityof capitalism and human’s desire after the Cultural Revolution. I’m using aconcept ‘the heterotopia of narrative space’ search for characters makingidentity spaces in the subjugate spaces by violences and authorities. China isa real madness and violence space during the Cultural Revolution. A lot ofpeople consider to anti-revolutioners the others. but I can find ‘the heterotopiaof narrative space’ about love for mankind and universal space throughBumPyoeng Song who is a father of brothers, he try to keep his home and hope. China is a communist country on politics and a capitalist country on economy. so the text show ‘the heterotopia of narrative space’ through devide GwangDoLee and Gang Song’s spaces. GwangDo Lee enjoy sexual and luxury life stylein middle of new authority structure in a capitalist socialist system. but GangSong doesn't enter the system instead of enter the another ‘Chronotope’ thatis broke as grotesque space. There are changed madness space by ideology inthe Cultural Revolution. It made another madness ‘the heterotopia of narrativespace’. also capitalism become secularization and some chinese people worshipmaterialism in space. GwangDo Lee and Gang Song made another festivalspaces in there, GwangDo Lee pursue exchange body and world throughexpanded thought. The space is a physical symbolic space and we communicateand break down boundary of inside & outside, identity & otherness, you & me. but Gang Song’s space is a grotesque that has broken body, he can’t enter thethere. he take out his grotesque mask as suicide, fly as gull, and make aidentity space. after Gang Song’s death, GwangDo Lee realize how capitalism’sdesire can easily break down and try to take out in there. Yú Hua show how space of capitalism’s desire can easily break down in realistic ‘the heterotopiaof narrative space’ of China as a communist country. but I can find transformedcreative and development image that is not yet renovation but it can over comechinese traditional values’ fall down from capitalism. so Brothers are culturaltotality texts about the Cultural Revolution in chinese modern history through‘the heterotopia of narrative space’ at these points.
주요섭의 「인력거꾼」과 욱달부의 「薄奠」 비교연구 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제43집 2014.06 pp.199-224
...Yu Dafu’s <Baodian> which is the magnum opus of new tendency novel(revolutionary novel) by comparatively analyzing the new tendency literature character. The both novelists are not only litterateur, revolutionist and scholar but also educator, they are both expressing sympathy to lower classes, resistance against the forces of oppression and deep consciousness to his own nation. Moreover, the both works are full of real experience of the novelists, thereforeexperience of big cities provide precious reality to their creative work. < Rickshaw puller> of Ju Yosup and <Baodian> of Yu Dafu are both having the most character of new tendency literature which is called as prime <professional> literature of China-Korea two countries by describing the poverty-stricken image and tragedy life of rickshaw puller, as well as class consciousness and resistant sprit against oppressed situation. Especially, <Rickshaw puller> of Ju Yosup chooses China as background and Chinese as protagonist, ambition the link between oppressed nation by criticizing the Korean who are secondary character in the novel, whose value and significance is approved.
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6,400원
「인력거꾼」은 한국의 소설가 주요섭의 신경향파소설의 대표작이라고 할 수 있으며 「박전」은 중국의 소설가 욱달부의 혁명소설(신경향파소설)의 대표작이라고 할 수 있다. 본고에서는 이 두 작품의 신경향파문학적 성격을 비교분석함으로써 그 유사성과 차이성을 살펴보았다. 두 작가는 모두 문학가와 운동가와 학자, 교육자의 모습을 겸비한 비슷한 경력을 보여주고 있으며 지식인으로서 하층민에 대한 동정과 억압세력에 대한 저항정신과 자신이 속한 민족에 대한 깊은 성찰을 보여주고 있다. 주요섭의 「인력거꾼」과 욱달부의 「박전」은 모두 인력거꾼의 궁핍상과 비극적인 삶을 보여주고 계급적 각성과 억압적 현실에 저항정신을 보여줌으로써 한․중 양국의 초기 『프로』문학이라고 할 수 있는 신경향파문학적 성격을 대부분 갖추었다.
This paper try observing the similarity and difference between Ju Yosup’s <Rickshaw puller> and Chinese novelist Yu Dafu’s <Baodian> which is the magnum opus of new tendency novel(revolutionary novel) by comparatively analyzing the new tendency literature character. The both novelists are not only litterateur, revolutionist and scholar but also educator, they are both expressing sympathy to lower classes, resistance against the forces of oppression and deep consciousness to his own nation. Moreover, the both works are full of real experience of the novelists, thereforeexperience of big cities provide precious reality to their creative work. < Rickshaw puller> of Ju Yosup and <Baodian> of Yu Dafu are both having the most character of new tendency literature which is called as prime <professional> literature of China-Korea two countries by describing the poverty-stricken image and tragedy life of rickshaw puller, as well as class consciousness and resistant sprit against oppressed situation. Especially, <Rickshaw puller> of Ju Yosup chooses China as background and Chinese as protagonist, ambition the link between oppressed nation by criticizing the Korean who are secondary character in the novel, whose value and significance is approved.
女性身体の〈解剖〉と〈建築〉 ―龍胆寺雄「魔子」と〈新興〉芸術派の周辺― KCI 등재
한국일본학회 일본학보 제73권 2007.11 pp.159-170
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4,300원
本稿は龍胆寺雄の「魔子」に表れる女性身体への〈解剖〉と〈建築〉のまなざしが龍胆寺だけにとどまるのではなく、『新潮』、『文学時代』、『近代生活』という連関する三誌の座談会や特集記事を分析することで広く〈新興〉芸術派に共有されたまなざしであったことを明らかにする。そのような姿勢は単なる尖端的な都市文化の描写(=反映)としての軽薄な都市表象などではなく、科学や機械の論理を〈アナロジー〉として文学に適用することで明るい未来を〈建築〉しようとした彼らの強烈な指向性があったからこそ可能だった。しかし「科学」に絶対的な根拠を認めることで未来を想像し、〈美〉を表現しようとした彼らの表現者としてのスタンスはその「科学」自体が内包する政治的イデオロギー性までには認識が及ばなかったため、もろくも国家の支配イデオロギーにからめとられてしまうその論理を明らかにする。
杞園 魚有鳳의 文學論 一考 KCI 등재
동양고전학회 동양고전연구 제101집 2025.12 pp.225-253
...Yu-bong(1672– 1744), a Noron-affiliated literatus and scholar active from the late seventeenth to the early eighteenth century. Although Eo Yu-bong gained considerable renown for his scholarship, evaluating him solely as a scholar does not fully capture his intellectual character. This paper focuses on his literary theory for two main reasons. First, Eo Yu-bong demonstrated a strong interest in literature, leaving behind 1,344 poems and 323 prose writings and actively engaging in poetic composition with figures of established literary reputation. Second, his literary thought was significantly influenced by his teacher, Nongam Kim Chang-hyeop. Because Eo Yu-bong distinguished poetry and prose according to their respective functions and purposes, his literary theory can be examined through poetics and prose theory. In poetry, he emphasized sincere emotion based on the traditional conception of poetry as the expression of one’s intentions(詩言志), focusing on its practical utility in cultivating the human inner self. While his fundamental view of poetry was grounded in traditional ideas, he acknowledged historical change and moved beyond Zhu Xi(朱子)’s emphasis on gushi(古詩) and the High Tang poetry upheld by the Former and Latter Seven Masters, instead establishing poetic models that encompassed Middle Tang and Song dynasty poetry. In prose, Eo Yu-bong pursued Tang–Song classical prose based on traditional literary views such as the unity of the Way and writing and the primacy of the Way over literary form. He paid particular attention to the evaluative essays in Qin–Han(秦漢) classical texts such as the Shiji and the Hanshu, which are characterized by broad erudition and distinctive reasoning. He also affirmed prose that conveyed the author’s intent naturally with an emphasis on effective communication of content, and he did not reject everyday letters or playful writings unrelated to formal scholarship if they met this criterion. This attitude reveals Eo’s curiosity about and openness toward literary aesthetic beauty. An examination of Eo Yu-bong’s poetics and prose theory shows that, grounded in traditional Confucian literary thought, he valued the establishment of meaning and the conveyance of content in both poetry and prose. At the same time, he departed from a rigid restorationist stance by expanding poetic models to include High Tang, Middle Tang, and Song poetry, thereby demonstrating a sustained interest in literary aesthetics. Through his reception and adaptation of Nongam’s literary thought, Eo Yu-bong approached literary creation with flexibility and responsiveness to historical change.
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6,900원
이 글은 17세기 후반~18세기 전반에 활동한 노론 계열 文人이자 學者인 杞園魚有鳳(1672~1744)의 文學論을 밝히는 것을 목표로 한다. 이 글에서 어유봉의 문학론에 주목한 이유는 두 가지이다. 먼저 어유봉 의 문학을 향한 관심 때문이다. 어유봉은 1,344수의 시와 323편의 문장을 남겼고 문학적 명망을 지닌 인물들과 작시 활동을 했다. 다음으로 어유봉이 스승 농암에게 받은 문학적 영향 때문이다. 어유봉이 시와 문장을 기능과 목적에 따라 구분했다는 점에서 그의 문학론을 시론과 문장론으로 나누어 살펴보면, 시에서는 詩言志의 전통적 시인 식을 토대로 진실한 정서를 중시하였는데, 그런 시가 인간 내면의 수양하는데 도움을 준다는 시의 효용성에 주목했기 때문이다. 어유봉의 기본적인 시 인식은 전통적인 관념에 기반한 것이지만, 그는 시대의 변화를 인정하여 朱 子가 내세웠던 古詩위주의 시 전범과 前後七子가 전범으로 삼았던 盛唐詩 에서 벗어나 中唐과 宋의 詩를 아우르는 시의 전범을 설정했다. 문장에서는 전통적인 道文一致나 道本文末의 문학관을 바탕으로 唐宋古 文을 추구하였고, 해박한 식견과 개성적 논리가 담긴 秦漢古文의 『史記』와 『漢書』論贊에 주목했다. 또 내용 전달을 중심으로 작자의 뜻이 자연스럽게 담긴 문장을 긍정하였고, 이 기준에 충족된다면 학문과 별개인 일상적인 편지나 장난삼아 짓는 글도 부정하지 않았는데, 여기에서 문예미를 향한 어 유봉의 호기심을 엿볼 수 있다. 어유봉의 시론과 문장론을 보면 그가 전통적인 도문일치의 문학관을 토 대로 시와 문장 모두에서 뜻의 확립과 내용 전달을 중시했음을 확인할 수 있다. 하지만 어유봉은 복고주의만을 고수하지 않고 문학의 전범을 확대하였으며 문예미에 호기심을 가졌다. 어유봉은 시대의 변화에 대응하여 농암 문학의 수용과 변주를 통해 유연하게 문학을 대하고 창작했던 것이다.
This study aims to elucidate the literary theory of Giwon Eo Yu-bong(1672– 1744), a Noron-affiliated literatus and scholar active from the late seventeenth to the early eighteenth century. Although Eo Yu-bong gained considerable renown for his scholarship, evaluating him solely as a scholar does not fully capture his intellectual character. This paper focuses on his literary theory for two main reasons. First, Eo Yu-bong demonstrated a strong interest in literature, leaving behind 1,344 poems and 323 prose writings and actively engaging in poetic composition with figures of established literary reputation. Second, his literary thought was significantly influenced by his teacher, Nongam Kim Chang-hyeop. Because Eo Yu-bong distinguished poetry and prose according to their respective functions and purposes, his literary theory can be examined through poetics and prose theory. In poetry, he emphasized sincere emotion based on the traditional conception of poetry as the expression of one’s intentions(詩言志), focusing on its practical utility in cultivating the human inner self. While his fundamental view of poetry was grounded in traditional ideas, he acknowledged historical change and moved beyond Zhu Xi(朱子)’s emphasis on gushi(古詩) and the High Tang poetry upheld by the Former and Latter Seven Masters, instead establishing poetic models that encompassed Middle Tang and Song dynasty poetry. In prose, Eo Yu-bong pursued Tang–Song classical prose based on traditional literary views such as the unity of the Way and writing and the primacy of the Way over literary form. He paid particular attention to the evaluative essays in Qin–Han(秦漢) classical texts such as the Shiji and the Hanshu, which are characterized by broad erudition and distinctive reasoning. He also affirmed prose that conveyed the author’s intent naturally with an emphasis on effective communication of content, and he did not reject everyday letters or playful writings unrelated to formal scholarship if they met this criterion. This attitude reveals Eo’s curiosity about and openness toward literary aesthetic beauty. An examination of Eo Yu-bong’s poetics and prose theory shows that, grounded in traditional Confucian literary thought, he valued the establishment of meaning and the conveyance of content in both poetry and prose. At the same time, he departed from a rigid restorationist stance by expanding poetic models to include High Tang, Middle Tang, and Song poetry, thereby demonstrating a sustained interest in literary aesthetics. Through his reception and adaptation of Nongam’s literary thought, Eo Yu-bong approached literary creation with flexibility and responsiveness to historical change.
경전으로 승화될 기억의 조각 ― <大盂鼎> 명문과 서주 초기의 기억 ― KCI 등재
동양고전학회 동양고전연구 제100집 2025.09 pp.305-359
...Yu Ding (大盂鼎), cast in the early Western Zhou period. While the vessel, in terms of its external form, craftsmanship, and aesthetic qualities, may well be regarded as a representative artifact of its age, it is the inscription cast on the interior wall that accords this object indispensable value within the study of ancient China. The text of the inscription encompasses a wide range of themes, including the achievements of Kings Wen and Wu, the authority of the divine entity Heaven (Tian), and admonitions concerning the use of alcohol. In these respects, it exhibits numerous affinities with passages contained in the “Zhoushu” section of the Shangshu (Book of Documents). Earlier scholarship has tended to emphasize these parallels, and, in some instances, proceeded to identify the two as essentially identical. At times, elements that are in fact distinct have nonetheless been interpreted as the same. Accordingly, the present annotated translation undertakes a cautious re-examination of the bronze inscription in relation to the Shangshu, refraining from facile identification of the two. This approach aims to contribute to a more rigorous and comprehensive understanding of both the inscription and the canonical text.
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10,800원
이 논문은 서주 초기에 제작된 청동 예기 <大盂鼎> 명문의 학술적 의 의를 재고하고 상세한 역주를 가한다. 본 기물은 외형적, 조형적 아름다움 과 가치만으로도 그 시기를 대표하는 기물이라고 말할 수 있지만, 내벽에 주조된 명문이야말로 이 기물을 고대 중국의 연구에서 필견의 가치가 있 는 자료의 반열에 오르게 한다. 본 명문에는 문왕과 무왕의 업적, 천이라 는 신적 존재의 권능, 술에 대한 경계 등 여러 방면에 걸쳐 尙書 「周書」 의 서편들과 유사한 부분이 적지 않다. 기존에는 대체로 이 유사성을 발 견하려는 데 초점을 맞추고, 나아가 동일한 것으로 판정하려는 경향까지 도 보인다. 때에 따라서는 사실 다른 것을 동일한 것으로 해석해 버린 경 우도 있다. 따라서 본 역주는 청동기 명문을, 또 상서를 온전하게 이해 하기 위해서 양자를 쉽사리 연결하지 않고, 신중한 검토를 행하고자 한다.
The present annotated translation concerns the inscription of the bronze ritual vessel Da Yu Ding (大盂鼎), cast in the early Western Zhou period. While the vessel, in terms of its external form, craftsmanship, and aesthetic qualities, may well be regarded as a representative artifact of its age, it is the inscription cast on the interior wall that accords this object indispensable value within the study of ancient China. The text of the inscription encompasses a wide range of themes, including the achievements of Kings Wen and Wu, the authority of the divine entity Heaven (Tian), and admonitions concerning the use of alcohol. In these respects, it exhibits numerous affinities with passages contained in the “Zhoushu” section of the Shangshu (Book of Documents). Earlier scholarship has tended to emphasize these parallels, and, in some instances, proceeded to identify the two as essentially identical. At times, elements that are in fact distinct have nonetheless been interpreted as the same. Accordingly, the present annotated translation undertakes a cautious re-examination of the bronze inscription in relation to the Shangshu, refraining from facile identification of the two. This approach aims to contribute to a more rigorous and comprehensive understanding of both the inscription and the canonical text.
从『史记』看刘邦·项羽的成败 KCI 등재
한중인문학회 한중인문학연구 제87집 2025.06 pp.321-344
...Yu was all-round. Liu Bang paid attention to details, was modest and studious, was good at borrowing strength, united the people, attached importance to publicity, and planned to fight for power in the world; Xiang Yu was determined to destroy Qin and restore the country. He relied on force, was unscrupulous, wantonly cruel, impetuous, blindly conceited, advocated force, and appointed people based on personal connections. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu formed a sharp contrast. They had different goals, different images, different attitudes, different thinking, different routes, and different minds. The results were bound to be different. History and the public chose Liu Bang. The reason why Liu Bang was able to defeat Xiang Yu was essentially that the new ruling concept defeated the old ruling concept. From this point of view, the essence of the Chu-Han struggle between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang was a struggle between the old aristocratic forces and the emerging forces. Due to the limitations of the thinking of the old aristocracy, they do not know how to share benefits with groups other than themselves. The emerging power groups come from the bottom of society. They have struggled step by step, understand human nature best, and are more inclusive. They know that only by uniting the majority can they defeat their opponents. They gather the masses who are excluded by the old aristocracy around themselves, struggle together, and share the fruits of victory.
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6,100원
생각이 행동을 좌우한다. 유방과 항우의 경쟁은 전방위적이었다. 유방은 세세한 부분까지 신경 쓰고, 겸손하고 학구적이며, 힘을 빌리는 데 능숙하고, 백성을 결집하고, 대중의 관심을 끌며, 천하의 패권을 다투는 것을 계획했다. 항우는 진(秦)나라를 멸하고 나라를 부흥시키겠 다는 결의를 굳혔다. 그는 무력에 의지했고, 파렴치하며, 제멋대로이고, 잔혹하며, 충동적이 고, 무모하게 자만했으며, 무력을 옹호했고, 인맥을 바탕으로 사람을 임명했다. 유방과 항우 는 극명한 대조를 이루었다. 그들은 서로 다른 목표, 다른 이미지, 다른 태도, 다른 사고방식, 다른 노선, 다른 사고방식을 가지고 있었다. 그 결과는 필연적으로 달랐다. 역사와 대중은 유 방을 선택했다. 유방이 항우를 이길 수 있었던 것은 근본적으로 새로운 통치 이념이 기존의 통치 이념을 무너뜨렸기 때문이다. 이러한 관점에서 볼 때, 항우와 유방의 초한 투쟁의 본질 은 기존의 귀족 세력과 새롭게 부상하는 세력 간의 투쟁이었다. 구귀족의 사고방식에 한계가 있어, 그들은 자신들 외의 다른 집단과 이익을 나누는 방법을 알지 못했다. 그러나 신흥 권력 집단은 사회의 밑바닥에서 시작하여 한 걸음 한 걸음 투쟁해 왔고, 인간 본성을 가장 잘 이해 하였으며 더욱 포용적이었다. 유방은 다수를 단결시켜야만 상대를 이길 수 있다는 것을 알고 있었으며, 이로 인해 구귀족에게 배제되었던 대중을 자기들 주변으로 모아 함께 투쟁함으로 써 승리의 결실을 거두었음을 규명하였다.
Thoughts determine actions. The competition between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu was all-round. Liu Bang paid attention to details, was modest and studious, was good at borrowing strength, united the people, attached importance to publicity, and planned to fight for power in the world; Xiang Yu was determined to destroy Qin and restore the country. He relied on force, was unscrupulous, wantonly cruel, impetuous, blindly conceited, advocated force, and appointed people based on personal connections. Liu Bang and Xiang Yu formed a sharp contrast. They had different goals, different images, different attitudes, different thinking, different routes, and different minds. The results were bound to be different. History and the public chose Liu Bang. The reason why Liu Bang was able to defeat Xiang Yu was essentially that the new ruling concept defeated the old ruling concept. From this point of view, the essence of the Chu-Han struggle between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang was a struggle between the old aristocratic forces and the emerging forces. Due to the limitations of the thinking of the old aristocracy, they do not know how to share benefits with groups other than themselves. The emerging power groups come from the bottom of society. They have struggled step by step, understand human nature best, and are more inclusive. They know that only by uniting the majority can they defeat their opponents. They gather the masses who are excluded by the old aristocracy around themselves, struggle together, and share the fruits of victory.
《朝鲜馆译语》中的部分声母系统考证 KCI 등재
한국언어연구학회 언어학연구 제26권 3호 2021.12 pp.61-75
...Yu is a translation material compiled by the government in the Ming Dynasty to communicate with Chosun Dynasty. All the materials were used Chinese characters to mark the pronunciation of Chosun language at that time. It is an important document for the study of language pronunciations in Chosun dynasty. However, these Chinese characters have obvious characteristics of Jianghuai Mandarin, the Ming Dynasty established its capital in Nanjing and then the capital was moved to Beijing, but Jianghuai Mandarin occupied a dominant position for a considerable period of time. Therefore, in order to study the Korean pronunciation accurately, first we must determine the phonetic part of Chinese characters in Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu. This paper will research on the vocabularies of Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu. meanwhile it will mainly sort out and analyze the initial groups of "Bang", "Duan", "Jian", and Dental sound in the translation materials, so as to determine some initial systems in Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu.
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4,800원
Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu is a translation material compiled by the government in the Ming Dynasty to communicate with Chosun Dynasty. All the materials were used Chinese characters to mark the pronunciation of Chosun language at that time. It is an important document for the study of language pronunciations in Chosun dynasty. However, these Chinese characters have obvious characteristics of Jianghuai Mandarin, the Ming Dynasty established its capital in Nanjing and then the capital was moved to Beijing, but Jianghuai Mandarin occupied a dominant position for a considerable period of time. Therefore, in order to study the Korean pronunciation accurately, first we must determine the phonetic part of Chinese characters in Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu. This paper will research on the vocabularies of Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu. meanwhile it will mainly sort out and analyze the initial groups of "Bang", "Duan", "Jian", and Dental sound in the translation materials, so as to determine some initial systems in Chaoxian Guan Yi Yu.
한국예술융합학회 예술융합연구 제2권 2021.12 pp.1-16
...Yu-gam, the master of Seoul Saenam-gut. In the research method of this paper, make it into a Osunbo that easy to analyze music, The editorial attachment was analyzed based on the recorded data, focusing on the actual pronunciation heard in the sound source, unintelligible editorials are marked as 00, for the melody, differential notes less than 16th notes were omitted and previously published. Afterwards, this study analyzed editorials focusing on the score collected, by analyzing the scale and range, rhythm and tempo, characteristics of melody, and end form, identified Seoul Saenamgut muga.
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4,900원
본고는 서울새남굿의 명인 김유감이 1996년에 남긴 음반<巫樂:서울재수굿>에 수록되어 있 는 부정, 가망청배, 진적, 불사거리, 제석거리, 도당거리, 조상거리, 상산거리, 대감거리, 성주 거리, 창부거리를 고찰한 것이다. 본고의 연구방법은 연구범위 무가를 음악적 분석이 용이한 오선보로 채보하되 사설붙임은 채록한 자료를 근거로 해서 음원에서 들리는 실제 발음을 중심으로 분석했고, 알아들을 수 없는 사설은 00으로 표기하였으며, 선율은 16분음표 미만의 미분음은 생략하고 기보하였다. 이후 본 연구는 채보한 악보를 중심으로 사설을 분석하고, 음계와 음역, 장단과 템포, 선율 의 특징, 종지형 등을 분석하여 서울새남굿 무가를 음악적으로 규명하였다.
This paper examines Bujeong, Gamangcheongbae, Jinjeok, Bulsageori, Jeseokgeori, Dodanggeori, Josanggeori, Sangsangeori, Daegamgeori, Seongjugeori, and Changbugeori, which are included in the 1996 album <樂:: Seoul Jaesugut>, that left by Kim Yu-gam, the master of Seoul Saenam-gut. In the research method of this paper, make it into a Osunbo that easy to analyze music, The editorial attachment was analyzed based on the recorded data, focusing on the actual pronunciation heard in the sound source, unintelligible editorials are marked as 00, for the melody, differential notes less than 16th notes were omitted and previously published. Afterwards, this study analyzed editorials focusing on the score collected, by analyzing the scale and range, rhythm and tempo, characteristics of melody, and end form, identified Seoul Saenamgut muga.
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