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Although the past decades have seen a rapid increase in the number of linguistically diverse children in Korea, teachers and schools are barely trained to teach and interact with these students. Further, research on multicultural education has focused mainly on Korean language education while paying far too little attention to language diversity. Stressing that language issues are one of the most critical challenges to Korean multicultural education, this article aimed to suggest translanguaging as an alternative, promising pedagogy for both mainstream and diverse classrooms in Korea. In doing so, I first introduce the concept of translanguaging in terms of its background, definitions, and key issues such as plurilingualism, multilingualism, transgression, and linguistic repertoire. Second, I explore the possibilities and limitations of translanguaging for its implementation in Korean classrooms. This new paradigm of language education views multilingual individuals as having an integrated identity and supports various types of transgressions between languages and beyond. This article thus suggests that, despite some obvious challenges, translanguaging has the potentials to advance Korean multicultural and multilingual education in that it deconstructs the deep-rooted ideology of monolingualism reflected in Korean language education research and policies.

The Korean government piloted the resettlement refugee system in 2015. Since then, seven groups of refugees, mainly from Myanmar, have resettled in Korea. They have been diligently studying the Korean language, having understood the importance of language ability in their former asylum countries. This study explores the experience of resettlement refugees’ language ability enhancement process. The participants of this study are fifteen adult refugees whom the Korean government invited as resettlement refugees. They belong to the fourth group, the first to resettle in Gimpo, unlike the earlier three groups relocated to another town. The ethnography was adopted as a research method, and two cultural themes were discovered: accepting reality and attempting breakthrough. Through the process of language ability development, they have experienced accepting the reality, such as different learning speed, need for help, social isolation, and discrimination. After recognizing the reality, they pursued the breakthrough by positive thinking and strengthening their motivation. The findings of this study indicate several factors that hinder the resettlement refugees’ language ability enhancement. Therefore, this study provides implications for supporting their improvement of language ability and aspiration for independent living.

The purpose of this study is to reveal the level of national identity, multicultural acceptability, and human rights attitudes of university students, and to analyze differences according to the demographic background. Therefore, this survey was conducted targeting 815 people in their 20s who were enrolled in a university in the metropolitan area. As a result of the study, first, it was found that university students had a higher perception of multicultural acceptance than national identity and human rights attitudes. Second, university students showed significant differences in national identity, multicultural acceptability, and human rights attitudes according to gender, grade level, foreign visit experience, and exchanges with foreigners. This study has a limitation in that it selected university students enrolled in the metropolitan area, and there is a limitation in that it was conducted only as a quantitative study. Nevertheless, it is mean that it analyzed in detail national identity, multicultural acceptability, and human rights attitudes.

The purpose of this study is to propose a direction for the development of business Korean textbooks for foreign learners who want to work as middle managers in office positions in Korean companies. First, previous studies on business Korean education were reviewed. And, 4types of business Korean textbooks were analyzed to see if the current educational content meets the needs of learners. As a result of analysis, though the business textbooks aim for the common purpose of foreign learners to find employment in Korean companies, there are differences in the content composition. The level of learners was not clear, and the scope and difficulty of topic selection were significantly different. The vocabulary and grammar of the text were not related to actual practical situations. The reading activity was the main activity rather than a speaking activity that consumers wanted. The conversations and materials in those books were closer to everyday communication than to introducing the work. We judged that there is a limit to understanding Korean companies and workplace culture for prospective foreign workers due to the lack of introduction to workplace culture. Therefore, based on the results of textbook analysis, this study proposes to divide the business Korean textbook system into two for general office and specialized fields and divide the learning stage according to the level of the learner. In detail, this study proposed ‘composition of content suitable for purpose, presentation of vocabulary expressions related to topics, strengthening of work-related speaking-listening, and introduction of various workplace cultures’ as directions for the development of practical Korean textbooks for middle office managers.

As a foreign language education, Korean education should not only impart Korean languages and culture. By comparing with other languages and cultures, Korean education will be more effective. Different countries have different languages and cultures. Language and culture are interdependent and influence each other. Language is an important carrier of culture. On the other hand, language and culture also restrict language. The address terms strongly reflect the social attributes and values of both sides of communication, and are closely related to the social culture, national psychology, political background and moral tradition of both sides the of communication. Korean ‘님’and Chinese ‘亲’ are simple terms composed of one syllable. They are widely used by Internet users in Internet space, but they are increasingly extended to daily life. Thinking through the generalization of these two words, the characteristics of Korean and Chinese social culture can be seen clearly. Therefore, through the comparison of the present usage of the Korean address term ‘님’ and Chinese address term‘亲’, this paper aims at understanding the characteristics of Korean and Chinese social culture.

The aim of this study is to contrastively analyse the Korean ‘ida’ and the Polish ‘być’, and then use a Catholic Bible parallel corpus to contrast ‘ida’ and ‘być’ sentences in order to examine their respective usage patterns. Being the most basic predicate element in the Korean sentence structure, ‘ida’ displays a very frequent use. Considering its ‘functional’ aspect, ‘ida’ corresponds to ‘być’ in Polish. ‘być’ is considered the only true irregular Polish verb. In contrary to ‘ida’ in Korean, it undergoes conjugation by person and number. Moreover, as it is the case with ‘ida’, ‘być’ can be combined with a noun, yet such a noun is normally used in the instrumental case. In addition, ‘być’ can also be omitted. The results of the Bible parallel corpus examination showed that in most cases ‘CN + ida’ in Korean corresponded to ‘być + CN’ in Polish. Cases of ‘CN + ida’ corresponding to ‘być + Adj’ were also common, and they can largely be categorised into two groups. The first are so called ‘CN-jeok (적, 的) + ida’ constructions, and the second are ‘CN + ida’ constructions that do not use ‘-jeok’. The former uniformly corresponded to ‘być + Adj’ in Polish, while the latter displayed a variety of corresponding patterns. In addition, we also observed cases of ‘CN + ida’ corresponding to exclamations, verb phrases, and adverbs in Polish, and also cases with no literal translation possible due to the absence of corresponding Polish vocabulary.

This study aims to analyze the trends of qualitative research on Japanese marriage immigrant women, understand their experiences, and explore the fields to be considered in multicultural counseling. For this purpose, 26 qualitative research on Japanese marriage immigrant women were selected for analysis. As a result of the study, qualitative research targeting Japanese marriage immigrant women has been published since 2008. Academic fields were mainly researched in academic or educational areas relating to Japan. Qualitative research methods used in the literature to be analyzed consisted of six case studies and five phenomenologies. The subject of life culture was the most covered, with 15 research topics. Suggestions for these research results are as follows. First, research on Japanese marriage immigrant women needs to be expanded to encompass a broader range of subjects and targets. Second, it is necessary to develop and research a counseling program in the various fields. This study is expected to be meaningful in that it provides implications for future research directions and multicultural counseling on multiculturalism in Korean society.

Multiculturalism is the source of identity, innovation, and creativity that unites people around the world. Therefore, building a happy and civilized multicultural family is the goal of every country. Vietnam and Korea officially established diplomatic relations on December 22, 1992. Over the past 30 years, the two countries relations have developed rapidly with two upgrades from Comprehensive Partnership in 2002 to ‘Strategic Partnership’ (2009). Over time, the relationship between Vietnam and Korea has made positive developments in many fields such as politics, investment, trade, tourism, and culture. The number of Korean- Vietnamese multicultural families increased due to the demand for marriage. For Vietnamese women, the desire to immigrate to Korea is to change their lives and find a stable life. However, differences in language, especially culture, make vulnerable family members (women, children) face many difficulties such as unhappy married life; Children's education issues; Naturalization issues; Repatriation; Community reintegration. With the content: "Some state management issues of Vietnam-Korea multicultural marriage and family - practical research in Vietnam", the study focuses on clarifying: (i) Theoretical basis of the multicultural family; (ii) The interference of Vietnamese and Korean cultures; (iii) Difficulties in state management of marriage and family in Vietnamese-Korean multicultural families; (iv) Proposing some solutions. The research was carried out by specific methods such as (i) Literature review; (ii) Analysis of available statistics; (iii) Practical research through the qualitative survey (In-depth interviews with vulnerable groups; the target group is leaders and managers of family affairs in Vietnam). The purpose of the study is to ensure the interests of members of multicultural families, to promote cooperation and friendship between the two countries (Vietnam - Korea) in the field of culture.

The purpose of this study is to detail the background information and characteristics of Thai and Korean traditional wedding dresses, to shed light on their similarities and differences, and to determine related factors. As weddings are very important events, each country has its ceremonial traditions and style of wedding dress. Although Thailand and Korea are both in Asia, their cultural patterns vary according to different factors such as weather, social structure, economy, beliefs, etc. Therefore, this study seeks to provide basic knowledge about Thai and Korean wedding dresses. The results of this study show that there are some similarities between Thai and Korean wedding dresses: 1) Color-related beliefs influence the dress design, and 2) The dress design was originally developed in imitation of the royal dress style. One of the main differences, though, is that Thai traditional wedding dresses display more design patterns than Korean wedding dresses.

This paper examines the play of Yakut summer festival Ysyakh and Korean summer festival Dano. The play of the two festivals have the four forms of play, 'Agon', 'Alea', 'Mimicry', and 'Ilinx' categorized by Caillois. Agon means competition and Ysyakh has wrestling, jumping, running, and archery as type agon. In the case of Dano, there are ssireum and tug-of-war. Two festivals also have ritual elements because fortune-telling is performed according to the match results of the two festivals. In addition, sine fortune-telling is similar to type 'alea' in that the participants are passive and await the judgment of fate, the plays of the two festivals also have the form of alea. ‘Mimicry’, which means imitation, includes the narration of the Yakut epic ‘Olongho’ and the performance of a Korean mask play. Both include entertainments well as ritual elements of abundance by reproducing creative mythical content. The 'Ilinx' form, which pursues dizziness, includes a round dance Ohuohai, Yeowon dance, and the swing jump. The Ilinx play of two festivals is a ritual performance to pray for abundance. Likewise, play is not just for fun in the seasonal festivals. People want to reconfigure the creation of God through the play of mimicry, fall into ecstasy through the play of Ilinx and get closer to gods’ world, and try to realize the will of gods through the play of Agon and Alea.

The aim of this study is to examine the research trends related to artificial intelligence ethics published in the existing academic area. To achieve this aim we set two research questions. First question is “What is the trend of artificial intelligence ethics research?”, And second question is “What are the recent issues of artificial intelligence ethics research?”. And second question is “what are the recent issues of artificial intelligence ethics research?”. This study introduced two analyses methods to solve these problems. One is trend analysis of research topics, research methods, and keyword analysis, including bibliographic information. The other is an analysis of major issues presented in recently published papers. The data analysis period of this study analyzed trends from 2016 to June 2021, targeting 68 papers in journals under the theme of ‘Artificial Intelligence Ethics’ The reason why it was based on 2016 is that artificial intelligence ethics became a hot topic in academia at this time. In addition, for the recent analysis of major issues, 9 papers published from 2020 to June 2021 were analyzed. The results of first research question were as follows: First, academic journal papers on the subject of artificial intelligence ethics are increasing every year, and are gradually expanding to various academic departments starting in fields such as ethics and law. Second, research in the fields of public administration and policy was insufficient, and research on artificial intelligence ethics has not been actively conducted, especially for administrative and policy experts. Third, the most frequent subjects were relation between human and artificial intelligence, and theme about artificial intelligence technologies. The results of second research question were as follows: The main issue is the concept and discussion trend of artificial intelligence ethics. Second is relation between artificial intelligence and human ethics. Third is artificial intelligence expert ethics. And fourth is artificial intelligence ethics education.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability analysis of MB government’s 6 ․ 3 private education expenses reduction policy. As the private education expense increased, every government tried to make a policy for reducing private education expenses. But it is acknowledged that the 6·3 private education expenses reduction policy enforced by the MB government showed the effect of reduction in private education expenses to some extent. This study will analyze the 6.3 policy mainly by focusing on the concept of school education competitiveness. The method of this study includes literature study and research study with Likert-type 5 point scale. According to the results, the policies on the adequacy of 6 ․ 3 private education expenses reduction evaluated above 3.5 are the enhancement of the transparency of private educational institute expenses(3.80), the service quality of EBS college scholastic ability test lectures(3.68), the educational service of after school(3.67), the quality of English education and narrow the gap(3.63), and the project of non-private-education school(3.59). The policies evaluated below 3.0 are the science olympiad and improvement of election type gifted education candidate(2.96), and national academic achievement test(2.76). The other 12 policies are marked between 3.0 and 3.5. The groups discussed by the policy adequacy are statistically significant. Based on this result, it is strongly recommended that the private education expenses reduction policy in MB government should be considered as an important policy for reducing private education expenses.