Earticle

The purpose of this study is to investigate the present state of Korean language education support for students from multicultural families, and based on that, to explore directions for more effective means of support for Korean language education. Korean language education for students from multicultural families should not only focus on communication, but also go beyond that and provide Korean language education at the level of bilingual or multilingual education, enabling the students to grow as future global human talent. Additionally, when necessary, it should be implemented under the banner of integrated education that combines Korean language and general subjects’ education. To achieve this, the proposal is to separate Korean-born multicultural family students from students who come midway and provide education accordingly, as well as to suggest content and language integrated learning based on plurilingualism and pluriculturalism practices from Europe. To implement plurilingualism and pluriculturalism, it is suggested to apply pluralistic approaches in teaching and learning.

This article discusses that despite starting from different problem situations and having different intellectual backgrounds, intercultural communication and critical literacy theory can be linked in terms of language, reflection, and critique of power as their philosophical premises. First, in intercultural communication, language is the medium of communication and has pragmatic premises. Based on the rationality inherent in language, intercultural communication seeks to reach consensus and understanding without coercion between different cultures. In critical literacy, language is the medium for world understanding and critical thinking. Thus, literacy education changes the very way one relates to oneself and the world. Second, the subjects living in the culture communicate with the heterogeneous culture through rational self-understanding and critical reflection on the culture. This aspect of critical reflection is important not only in intercultural communication, but also in critical literacy. In particular, Freire's pedagogy emphasizes the cultivation of critical consciousness through literacy. Third, intercultural communication implies the critique of unjust power based on formal and material ethical principles. Critical literacy aims at problem-posing education, criticizing bank-deposit education that hinders genuine democratic dialogue. Seen through this connection, the philosophy of intercultural communication highlights the philosophical implications of critical literacy, and critical literacy can also help clarify the direction of intercultural communication.

Adolescent women are at an important stage in the formation of the concept of marriage and love and the stage of marriage and love preparation, and the concept will have an important impact on them. This thesis takes the female college students in mainland China as the research object, and adopts the questionnaire survey method and the in-depth interview method to explore the influence of the fujoshi culture on the concept of marriage and love of the fujoshi group. On the whole, fujoshi culture has influenced the concept of marriage and love of contemporary female college students as a whole, The greater the exposure of fujoshi culture to female college students, and the larger the number of those reading TANBI works, the bigger the impact on those young women. The fujoshi culture has no significant influence on the mate selection and emotional value dimensions of female college students, and has a greater influence on the nature of marriage, love value, sex ethics and gender orientation. Compared with the non-fujoshi, the fujoshi pays more attention to the equal contribution in the relationship between marriage and love, and fully supports the economic independence of women and opposes the unilateral sacrifice of women in traditional marriage. In all dimensions of the concept of marriage and love, the fujoshi culture has the greatest influence on the sexual concept of the fujoshi group. They are more open to sexual orientation and more likely to accept homosexuality and same-sex marriage, and even pursue homosexuality in their lives.

This purpose of this study is to exam advertisement design in cross-cultural communication, focusing on understanding how advertisements can be designed to resonate with people of different cultural backgrounds. For the data collection of the study, the advertisements presented by Huawei in the European and American markets were collected as samples for an analysis. Through sorting out the types and forms of the texts and advertisements presented in the European and American markets, the study has applied a qualitative content analysis method to conduct as a case study in order to explore the inner meanings and intention to succeed cross-cultural communication. Researching on the system construction and presentation of advertisement design of Huawei brand, this study analyzes the text, image, and product symbol systems of advertising, and explains the meaning and connotation of advertising symbols in light of the advertising semiotics. In conclusion, advertisement designers should develop a corresponding advertising forms and contents, so that enterprises can fully appeal the culture and custom of their target countries, and produce the advertisements through sense of semiotic resonance.

In an era of globalization, how will the economic interdependence affect international politics? Since the 1970s, more and more scholars have begun to pay attention to this problem. Some scholars believe that economic interdependence will promote exchanges between countries and thus maintain peace among them. Some scholars state that economic interdependence increases the possibility of conflict between countries. And other scholars point put that the political consequences of economic interdependence depend on the satisfaction of certain conditions. This paper proposes a framework of two-level analysis, arguing that the political consequences of economic interdependence need to be examined at both the systemic and inter-state levels. Economic interdependence creates deficits in global governance at the system level, undermining the existing international economic institutions. And economic interdependence at the inter-state level can lead to conflicts between countries due to triggering specific conditions. Therefore, this study suggests that economic interdependence requires a good management mechanism. At the system level, we should improve global governance by inviting more countries to participate in. At the inter-state level, interdependent countries need to take into account each other's concerns, better manage disagreements through dialogues, and distribute the economic gains of interdependence more equitably. Finally, the arguments of this paper will be tested through a case study of Sino-US economic interdependence.

The aim of this study is to explore the social integration and adaptation experiences of migrant businessmen in Korea, who overcame difficulties encountered in the early stage of immigration caused by cultural differences, including language, and went on to settle down as members of Korean society and successfully perform economically in business activities. For this study we conducted in-depth interviews with a total of six Migrant Businessmen, who have resided in Korea for seven years or longer, who have 3 or more years of business experience and who have attained intermediate or higher Korean language skills. We then analyzed our findings according to the four categories of social integration; ‘cultural adaptation’, ‘status granting’ ‘interaction’, and ‘identification or integration’ suggested by Esser (2001). The results of this study showed that during the early cultural adaptation stages upon initial immigration, the Migrant Businessmen acquired knowledge and expertise, including language, and established various forms of human capital. In the status granting stage, they received stable social status, guaranteeing the exercise of legal rights. Even though they utilized social networks in the interaction stage, due to the characteristics of business sector, they were not influenced by community networks, which confirmed the necessity of policy-level work for them. In the identification or integration stage, they had internalized the agreed communal values of Korean society and a sense of citizenship. Additionally, through this study, in relation to the cultural adaptation experiences of migrant businessmen, it may be possible to discuss the future direction of social integration policies that utilize Migrant Businessmen’ transnational networks. Thus, during the process of creating policy for the integration of Migrant Businessmen as members of our society, it will be necessary to realize a coexistent social integration that incorporates continued empathy and respect of diversity.

Due to the increasing global presence of South Korea, the interest in Korean language and culture has increased exponentially in Hungary as well. Culture is recognized as an inseparable part of foreign language learning, and to nurture successful intercultural communicators, appropriate cultural instruction is necessary in language classrooms. Recognizing the central role of textbooks in language education, as they provide guidance and framework, while they also act as “vessels” for cultural content, this research focuses on the cultural content and the potential intercultural competence development in Korean language textbooks. This study analyzes beginner Korean language textbooks published in Hungary by Hungarian authors on the basis of their cultural content to assess the extent of potential culture learning through textbooks. Qualitative content analysis was carried out based on a set of evaluative questions focusing on weighing the “cultural load”. The findings reveal that the two examined textbooks (“헝가리 학생을 위한 한국어 교재” and “흰학 1”), which are aimed for the Hungarian audience, are primarily focused on the correct use of grammars by frequently making comparisons with Hungarian grammatical structures. The textbooks are quite limited in their inclusion of cultural content, especially when compared to other widely used publications by Korean authors. The Hungarian textbooks offer little supplementary information necessary for the understanding of cultural implications, thus leaving students to decipher these implications by themselves or leaving the task to the teacher. The textbooks omit exercises where students have to make meaningful comparisons between their own Hungarian culture and Korean culture, which is an essential step in developing intercultural competence. The results imply that these textbooks – although they contain grammatical explanations in Hungarian, which is helpful for the Hungarian learners – might be less effective from the perspective of cultural education. As of yet, the current situation of Korean language education in Hungary remains academically quite unexplored, which prompts further research and dialogue.

After the opening of the Chosŏn Dynasty to foreign powers in 1876, European interest in the Korean peninsula included the collection of objects of material culture, art and science. Ethnographic museums began to collect strategically by commissioning Europeans living in Korea to acquire Korean material culture. The image of Korean culture in Europe was shaped by Korean and European intermediaries. Research therefore requires a transcultural approach that includes Korean and European perspectives. This article focuses on the perspectives of the Korean Sirhak scholar and historian Yu Tŭkkong (柳得恭, 1748 - 1807) and the German physician, anthropologist and ethnologist Georg Thilenius (1868 - 1937) on late Chosŏn Dynasty culture. Yu Tŭkkong is the author of the Kyŏngdo chapchi (Capital Miscellany, 京都雜志), a Korean primary source from the late 18th or early 19th century that lists and explains the material culture of the upper class of late dynastic Korean society and describes holidays, festivals and customs. In his position as director of the Hamburg Museum of Ethnology, nowadays Museum am Rothenbaum – Kulturen und Kunste der Welt (MARKK), Georg Thilenius wrote a multi-page wish list to a collector in Korea of objects he wanted to add to the museum's collection in the early twentieth century. By filtering out the categories and subcategories of Korean material culture mentioned by the authors, corresponding ontologies can be created. This helps to understand the different views of Korean material culture: Yu's indigenous view on culture and Thilenius' Eurocentric view. For this article, headgear and artworks have been selected as exemplary objects to demonstrate the results and the influence on the image of late Chosŏn dynasty culture from the Korean and European perspectives.

This study is to discuss the implications of cultural education in Korean language education by examining the current status of cultural education for learners majoring in overseas Korean through the case of D University in Vietnam. To this end, we will examine the current status of Korean language education and cultural subjects at University D, and collect and analyze data through in-depth interviews with learners. The in-depth interview target is 8 students who took Korean culture classes among Korean Studies students at D University. As a result of the study, first, it was found that learners recognized the importance of cultural understanding in the process of learning Korean. Second, 'cultural learning by experience', 'use of bilingual teaching and learning materials', and 'cultural teaching and learning through comparison with Vietnamese culture' were found to be desired by learners. Therefore, in order to maximize the efficiency of cultural education, a more systematic composition of educational content that reflects the needs of learners, and the manpower of instructors who match it must be adopted.