Earticle

With three kinds of agricultural products such as perilla leaves, this research is focussed on how to keep a freshness of agricultural products during long time transport by sea. In case of export fresh agricultural products by sea, research on products loading method onto the pallet is very important factor for keeping effective cold air circulation inside the freezing marine container. Details are as follows: Clear examination of palletization for cold air ventilation inside the container. Optimization of package dimension for best loading efficiency onto the standard pallet. Best layout of palletized products inside the container. Research for the change of circumstance and product quality inside the pack.

토마토(Pinky 종)를 기능성 MA필름(두께 0.03, 0.06mm)으로 포장하여 0, 5, 15℃에 저장하면서 품질 변화를 조사하였다. 저장 29일에 MA포장재 내의 CO2, O2농도는 각각 4.21~8.17%, 9.78~14.45%였고, 전반적으로 MA 포장구에서 연화와 색택의 변화가 억제되었다. 저장 29일에 MA포장(0.03두께)을 한 후 5℃에 저장한 토마토의 경도(0.49 kgf)가 가장 높았고, MA 포장(0.06두께)을 한 후 0℃에 저장한 토마토가 최소 라이코펜 함량(6.08mg/100g)을 보였다. 토마토의 품질 유지를 위한 최적 조건은 MA 장을 하여 0℃에 저장하는 것이 바람직한 것으로 나타났으며 필름 두께간에는 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 또한 MA 포장재 내의 최적 가스 조성은 CO2는 4.2%~5.6%, O2는 14.3%~14.5%로 나타났다.

The mature-red tomato fruits (cv. Pinky world) were packaged with functional modified atmosphere (MA) film (0.03, 0.06 mm) and stored at 0, 5, 15℃. The results showed that the concentrations of CO2 and O2 inside MA package were about 4.21~8.17% and 9.78~14.45% under steady state during storage 29 days at 0, 5℃, respectively. The MA packaging(MAP) suppressed the fruits softening and the color change. The minimum lycopene content and maximum firmness were separately observed in fruits packaged with MA film (0.03 mm) at 5℃ storage and film(0.06 mm) at 0℃, which the lycopene content 6.08 mg/100 g, and firmness was 0.49 Kgf at 29 th day storage. The optimal conditions to keep high quality of tomato fruits were obtained by MAP during storage at 0℃ for 29 days, independently of the film thickness, in which the adequate gas composition was CO2 at 4.2%~5.6%, O2 at 14.3%~14.5%, respectively.

The dried persimmons is produced fungi and develop browning, hardening in circulation at normal temperature. To resolve such problem in commercial value preservation, the research was conducted to measure the quality changes of dreid persimmons depending on pre-treatments and packagings at low temperature (0℃) during 6 month storage. The rate of weigh loss, fungi, browning, hardening, surface chromaticity were changed a little in the "Cinnamon" pre-treatment and N/LDPE.

Determination of safety factor of corrugated fiberboard boxes used for agricultural products is very complicated process due to nature of living products. Moisture content is one of the most critical factors to determine overall physical strength of paper, so its influences on strength properties of corrugated board made from different raw materials must be quantified. The results obtained from the study were summarized as follows; 1. Results show a detrimental effect on bursting strength and compressive strength of liners with increasing relative humidity of environment and moisture content of liners. 2. The relevance of equilibrium moisture content at varying relative humidity levels was proved and its relationship was used as an important factor to estimate box compression strength. 3. Test results was statistically used for establish the relationship between relative humidity and moisture content of liners. Estimated compression strength of boxes at varying moisture content was similar to results of theoretical equations such as Kellicutt`s. Further study could be carried out in order to determine a optimum safety factors of various corrugated board boxes for agricultural products.

To delay the fermentation of Kimchi during storage and handling, adipic acid, was selected due to its low acid dissociation constant. Sensory evaluation was conducted to find maximum dosage of adipic acid which does not influence the raw taste of Kimchi and 0.12%(wt. of adipic acid/wt. of Kimchi) was selected. At 10℃, the optimum and maximum shelf life was respectively 3.2 and 2.3 times longer than that of control. At 15 and 20℃, extension of shelf life was as follows: maximum shelf life with adipic acid was extended about 2.3-2.7 times and optimum shelf life was 1.3-1.5 times.

The term ``antimicrobial`` packaging encompasses any packaging technique(s) used to control microbial growth in the food product. These include packaging materials and edible films and coatings that contain antimicrobial agents, and also techniques that modify the atmosphere within the package. In recent years, antimicrobial packaging has attracted much attention from the food industry because of the increase in consumer demand for minimally processed, preservative-free products. Reflecting this demand, the preservative agents must be applied to packaging in such a way that only low levels of preservatives come into contact with the food. The film or coating technique is considered to be more effective, although more complicated to apply. New antimicrobial packaging materials are being developed continually. Many of them exploit natural agents, to control common food-borne microorganisms. Current trends suggest that in due course, packaging will generally incorporate antimicrobial agents and the sealing systems will continue to improve. The focus of packaging in the past has been on the appearance, size and integrity of the package. A greater emphasis on safety features associated with the addition of antimicrobial agents is perhaps the next area for development in packaging technology.

This paper introduces the current status of total overseas packaging industries. The total market of the world packaging industry reached over 500 billion dollars in 2002. The top nations for the packaging industry were U.S. at about 27 percent, the countries of Western Europe at about 27%, Japan at about 14%. In terms of packaging materials, the overall market rate for paper, plastics, and metal parts in world packaging industry was 84%. Also, the market rate of glass, packaging machine, and others was only 5-6%. Among EU nations, Germany showed largest packaging consumption of 23 percent in 2000, and consumed about 17,125,814 ton of packaging materials yearly. For paper and paperboard cartons, the percentage used for the packaging consumption was about 39.4%. The consumption rate of plastic and glass packaging was approximately 14.6% and 23.7% respectively. For metal packaging the consumption rate was about 5.9%. In Japan, the production rate of packaging materials was decreased slowly at paper, metal, glass, and wood areas, but plastic packaging showed a constant rate of growth. In China, total production of packaging industry amounted to about 33.7 billion in 2003. The paper packaging in china was a remarkable production rate of 32%. The production rate of plastic and printing packaging was 28% and 20% respectively. The rate of packaging industry for printing in China was much higher than that in other countries.

In this research, what megatrends will be derived for the future society and what new packaging technology will be required in the future were researched. Megatrends were researched in the five major categories, demographical, social, consumer, packaging related science and technology, governmental regulations and law trend. The six new packaging technologies were predicted, Active/Passive packaging technology, Intelligent Communication packaging technology, Nanotechnology packaging technology, Universal Convenience packaging technology, Environmental Friendly packaging technology, and Package Design technology.