Earticle

We evaluated the applicability of baking soda, charco‘al, coffee, and green tea as a natural deodorant in Kimchi packaging. Moreover, to evaluate the potential usage of these deodorants in packaging materials and confirm their applicability in high-temperature melt-extrusion processing, the thermal stabilities of the deodorants were investigated, and heat-treated deodorants were evaluated in terms of the deodorizing function compared with non-treated deodorants. Aroma patterns were decreased after deodorizing treatment with all-natural deodorants. Dimethyl disulfide, methyl trisulfide, and diallyl disulfide, the most significant odorous Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of Kimchi, decreased after treatment with the deodorants. In particular, baking soda and charcoal showed the highest efficiency in removing odorous compounds and VOCs from Kimchi, even after high-temperature processing. The acetic acid removal rates for both baking soda and charcoal were 99.9±0.0%. The heating process increases the deodorizing effects of baking soda. Sensory evaluation results showed that there is a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the overall preference for Kimchi samples packaged with charcoal and baking soda. This study provides useful information for the deodorization effects of natural deodorants for Kimchi smell and their applicability for packaging materials.

This study conducted a case study and a questionnaire analysis in parallel. In the case study, a study was conducted on domestic manufacturer A by analyzing pallet loading efficiency of RRP(Retail Ready Packaging) products and pallet loading efficiency of MWC(Membership Wholesale Club) delivered products. As a result of the pallet loading efficiency simulation of 50 RRP products of Manufacturer A, it was 80.0% based on the T-11 type pallet and 84.3% based on the T-12 type pallet. It was found It refers that the route of producing the product from the manufacturer A and delivering it to the MWC A in the form of RRP resulted in the decrease of the pallet loading efficiency through the change of the loading pattern and the adjustment of the number of loads. As a result of analyzing the questionnaire about whether the overall efficiency of the supply chain will be improved if the operation of the packaging system considering the SCM(Supply Chain Management) aspect is χ2 = 178.500, there was a statistically significant difference at the significance level of 0.000. Manufacturers and logistics companies answered “yes” the most, but distributors answered “is average” the most, confirming that the packaging can be constructed with the highest operational efficiency. Therefore, as a result of confirming the impact of packaging design considering the SCM aspect on logistics efficiency, it indicates the importance of closer collaboration between manufacturers and distributors.

Al-laminated packaging film incorporating ascorbic acid or tocopherol at inner food contact layer was tested in the potential to improve antioxidative preservation of powdered infant formula under CO2-enriched atmosphere. Product of 200 g was packaged with the packaging film containing 0.3% antioxidant in sealant layer of low density polyethylene and stored at 30oC for 286 days with periodic measurement of package atmosphere and product’s quality attributes. The CO2-flushed package resulted in shrinkage of tight contact between the product and the film not allowing gas sampling of package atmosphere after 140 days. Package of tocopherol-incorporated film allowed some ingress of oxygen after 112 days presumably due to its weakening of heat-seal area. The increased oxygen concentration in the tocopherol-added film package led to the concomitant increase of peroxide value, an index of lipid oxidation. On the other hand, packaging of ascorbic acid-added film pouch could suppress lipid oxidation marginally in consistent manner compared to control package without any antioxidant.

Recently, applications of biomass-based plastics have increased according to the eco-friendly policy of the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in domestic and foreign government. In this study, a paper plastic composite was produced by compounding polypropylene and micronized paper powder that was prepared using dry pulverization technology. Subsequently, the specimen of paper plastic was verified with mechanical properties, formability and product safety test to confirm the suitable packaging materials for food packaging. Paper plastics showed slightly lower mechanical properties than currently commercialized PP composites. However, paper plastics are valuable materials as environmentally friendly carbon-reducing material because of high biocarbon content, light weight features and applicability of existing manufacturing machines or system.

본 연구에서는 닥섬유 함량에 따른 한지의 핸드드립용 커 피필터로서의 적용가능성을 평가하기 위해 한지를 제조하 고 실험을 실시하였다. 백색도 측정결과 목재펄프에 따른 기존 필터지와 한지간에 차이가 있었으며, 닥섬유 함량이 증가할수록 백색도가 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 닥섬유 함량 이 증가할수록 닥섬유 내 장섬유에 의한 표면의 불균일성 이 높아졌으며, 두께 값은 증가하고, 밀도는 감소하였다. 또 한 닥섬유 함량이 증가할수록 인장강도와 습인장강도, 파열 강도와 내절도는 모두 증가하였다. 특히 닥섬유 함량이 30%(w/w) 이상인 한지의 경우 기존 필터지보다 우수한 강 도 값을 보여주었다. 화상분석장치를 이용한 한지필터 표면 분석을 통하여 장섬유와 단섬유가 적절히 분포되어 공극을 메운 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 모든 한지필터는 식품용 기구 및 용기·포장재로서 적합 판정을 받았다. 닥섬유의 함량이 10%(w/w)인 한지 필터의 경우 기존 필터지보다 강도 값이 상대적으로 낮은 것으로 나타내어 커피 추출량 비교에서는 제외되었다. 동일한 드리퍼를 이용하여 같은 방법으로 추출 한 커피의 추출수율은 유의적으로 차이가 없음을 확인하였 다. 본 연구를 통해 닥섬유 함유량이 30%(w/w) 이상인 한 지를 이용하여 커피를 추출했을 때, 시판 필터지와 유사한 강도와 추출속도를 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 추가적으로 한 지필터를 이용하여 추출한 커피의 향미 평가를 통하여 닥 섬유가 커피필터에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구가 필요할 것 으로 보인다.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possibility for the coffee filter paper of Hanji. In this study, the samples for Hanji filter papers were prepared with three different mulberry fiber contents of 10, 30 and 50%(w/w). Surface brightness and apparent density of hand-made Hanji decreased with increasing mulberry fiber contents. However, values of thickness, tensile strength, wet tensile strength, burst strength, and folding endurance for hand-made Hanji increased by increasing the contents of mulberry fibers due to fiber-to-fiber bonding. The results of the coffee extraction test using the developed filter papers showed no significant differences between commercial filter paper and Hanji filter paper. Therefore, Hanji filter paper containing more than 30%(w/w) mulberry fiber may have potential uses for the dripped coffee filter application from a physical property point of view.

PCR PET flake`s market endeavors difficult situations of its oversupply and decreasing demands in South Korea. Since China banned the import of most recycled plastics, flake producers who mostly export the flakes lost their biggest market. The producers struggled to survive in the competitions with PCR PET flake from EU and 3rd countries but it was challenging due to substandard quality and increasing cost. Attempts to improve the quality of PCR PET flake have been made but they were only an individual company`s efforts. The objective of this study was to understand the market status on PCR PET flake in South Korea and to present suggestions for improving its quality. The results of the questionnaires targeted to flake producers showed that no testing methods on PCR PET flake were standardized and there were critical factors to the quality such as moisture content, contaminants, and viscosity. Case studies of US, Japan and other countries had been done especially about testing methods and 76 samples from 21 companies were tested according to those methods. Based on the results, the final factors were decided as contaminants, moisture content, alkalinity index and intrinsic viscosity. There is a plan to standardize testing methods and they could be guidelines to improve the business competitiveness of PCR PET flake in South Korea.