Earticle

음료와 맥주 제품의 경우 신선도를 유지하기 목적으로 다 양한 종류의 유리병이 국내에서 생산되거나 수입되어 유통 되고 있다. 실제 트럭으로 국내 운송되는 맥주 유리병 제품 의 유통환경에서 진동 특성을 분석하고 이를 바탕으로 트 럭 불규칙 진동 특성인 0.52 Grms을 진동시험 규격으로 적 용하여 예측실험을 실시하였으며, 결론적으로 유리병의 자 체의 파손은 관측되지 않았다. 트럭의 적재함 위치별 상하 진동 수준에 있어서는 뒷부분에 위치한 가속도계에서 가장 큰 진동 특성(0.17 Grms)이 나타났으며, 앞 부분(0.11 Grms) 과 중간 부분(0.12 Grms)은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 낙하 높이와 제품 용량의 종류에 관계없이 바닥면으로 낙하된 유 리병의 경우 파손은 관측되지 않았다. 단측면 낙하 시 가장 큰 유리병 파손율을 보였으며, 장측면에 비해 약 2배 높은 유리병 파손율을 나타내었다.

There has been an increasing demand on measurement of the vibration levels in commercial truck shipments, where all packaged products are exposed to some levels of random vibration and shock. In this study, bear glass bottles loaded at the front, middle, and rear positions of 11 tonne truck bed was shipped from Kwangju to Waegouan. Vertical direction vibration levels were analysed and matching laboratory random vibration test was performed using power spectral density (PSD) profiles derived from truck transit records. Also, the effects of drop hight on glass bottles were evaluated. As expected, the maximum vibration levels were recorded at the rear of truck bed. No breakage of bottles were observed during truck transit and laboratory random vibration testing set at 0.52 Grms. In drop test, glass bottles were not damaged by bottom side impact, while short side drop impact caused about twice higher bottle breakage rate than that of long side drop impact at 30 cm and 40 cm drop hight.

미국과의 FTA 체결이 가시화되면서 우리 농산물에 대한 경쟁력과 농가의 소득증대를 위해 멜론수출사업이 시작되 는 단계에서 장거리 운송에 상품성을 유지할 수 있는 수출 포장기술의 개발과 포장표준화에 의한 물류비 절감이 필요 하다. 본 연구는 수출포장의 1단계라고 할 수 있는 적정포 장 설계 부분, 즉 포장강도 및 치수규격 그리고 포장원가 관리 부분에 목적이 있다. 수출대상국인 미국과 일본의 국 가표준 파렛트는 각각 T12형(1,200 × 1,000 mm)과T11형 (1,100 × 1,100 mm)이다. 기존 멜론상자 치수는 366 × 275 × 160 mm으로 T11형에는 정합하지만, T12형에는 효율 성이 떨어지므로 포장모듈치수에 의거하여 멜론상자를 재 설계하여, 366 × 275 × 165 mm와 333 × 300 × 200 mm의 두 가지 규격으로 개선 멜론상자를 설계하였다. 366 × 275 × 165 mm로 개선된 상자는 T11형 파렛트에 적재효율 92.7%, 공간효율 99.8%를 나타내며 일본수출용 멜론상자로 사용할 수 있었고, 333 × 300 × 200 mm로 개선된 상자는 T12형 파렛트에 적재효율 91.7%, 공간효율 95.9%를 나타내며 미 국수출용 멜론상자로 사용할 수 있었다. 기존 멜론상자의 포장재질은 SC240/B150/K180/B150/WK180이며, 압축강도 는 559 kgf, 관리강도는 475 kgf이었지만, 개선 멜론상자의 포장재질은 SC240/K180/K180/K180/WK180로써, 압축강도 는 597 kgf, 관리강도는 5.7 kgf으로 증가하도록 강도를 높 였다. 멜론상자의 1개당 단가는 기존 438원이었으나, 실제 로 1,000에 거래하여 개선하도록 요구하였다. 366 × 275 × 165 mm와 333 × 300 × 200 mm의 치수규격의 개선 멜론상 자의 1개당 단가는 각각 484원과 470원으로 나타났다. 기 존포장재의 진동시험 결과 기존 멜론상자는 멜론의 상품화 가 되지 않을 정도의 멜론 파손정도가 심했지만, 개선 멜론 상자는 처음 포장형태 그대로 멜론의 상태가 유지되어 상품화에 문제가 없었다.

It is very difficult to export the fresh agricultural products to long distance countries such as USA and EU without any damage. Fresh products exporting would overcome very severe conditions such as hot and cold weather changes, heavy vibrations with rolling and pitching during the target distribution period, therefore, the packaging needs the immobility of products in the container and the keeping its quality by packaging materials or methods under any surrounding environments, especially. The physical strength of outer box should be designated according to its own characteristics for agricultural product packaging. Packaging dimension which would be fit to standard pallet is also very important factor to reduce the distribution cost. There have been many agricultural products researches for export packaging to the USA so far. However they have never got desirable results which enough to apply it in real. The main purpose of this research is to develop optimum compressive strength and optimum dimension of corrugated fiberboard box which would be used to USA export packaging of fresh melon as well as Japan.

Migration levels of plasticizers, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP), di-n- octyl phthalate (DNOP), di-iso-decyl phthalate (DIDP) and di-iso-nonyl phthalate (DINP), di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), from 46 poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) wrap films and 54 PVC gaskets into food simulants were determined using gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The method was validated with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.01 ~ 0.02 μg/mL for DBP, BBP, DNOP and DEHA, and 2 μg/mL for DIDP and DINP. The linearity were found to be > 0.99 for all the compounds in concentration range of 0.1 ~ 81.4 μg/mL, and overall recoveries were ranged from 90.4 ~ 99.6%. DBP, BBP, DNOP, DEHA, DIDP and DINP were not detected in food simulants, except 1 wrap sample from which 0.28 and 0.99 μg/mL of DEHA were detected respectively when tested with 20% ethanol and n-heptane as food simulants. These values were below the regulatory limitation in European Union (EU).

Soy protein isolate (SPI)-based nanocomposite films with three different types of nanoclays, such as Cloisite Na+, Cloisite 20A, and Cloisite 30B, were prepared using a solution casting method, and their optical, tensile, and water vapor barrier properties were determined to investigate the effect of nano-clay type on film properties. Among the tested nanoclays, Cloisite Na+, a hydrophilic montmorillonite (MMT), exhibited the highest transparency with least opaqueness, the highest tensile strength, and the highest water vapor barrier properties, indicating Cloisite Na+ is the most compatible with SPI polymer matrix to form nanocomposite films. The film properties of SPI/Cloisite Na+ nanocomposite films were strongly dependent on the concentration of the clay. Film properties such as optical, tensile, and water vapor barrier properties improved significantly (p<0.05) as the concentration of clay increased. However, the effectiveness of addition of the clay reduced above a certain level (i.e., 5wt%), indicating that there is an optimum amount of clay addition to exploit the full advantage of nanocmposite films.

In this work, source reduction of poly ethylene terephthalate (PET) packaging are discussed as aspect of sustainability, such as reuse, refill and recycling through the various treatment methods and historical studies for municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal. Since PET has good chemical, physical and mechanical properties, and provides good oxygen and carbon dioxide barrier properties, PET is one of the most widely used thermoplastic polyester in the U.S. and around the world. As the demand for non-renewable PET is increasing, several approaches have been developed to meet economical feasibility and environmental responsibility without degrading material performance. Several companies, such as Coca-Cola Co., Easterform Packaging Co. and Kraft, have tried to develop lightweight PET bottle, and some of lightweight PET bottles are already commercialized. Reuse and refilling for PET container is well developed in Europe, such as Denmark, German and Netherland by supportive legislation and policies. Recycling process is the best way to economically reduce PET waste. In consequence, advanced technique and further development must be provided due to increasing PET packaging waste.