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The proliferation of social media has facilitated communication but has also accelerated the spread of hate speech and offensive language. The automatic detection of such harmful content is essential for ensuring the safety and integrity of online platforms. This study proposes a practical classification system for hate speech detection using Google’s BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) model. A dataset consisting of 24,783 tweets was utilized, categorized into three labels: Hate Speech, Offensive Language, and Neither. To address the issue of data imbalance, techniques such as SMOTE, class weighting, and threshold optimization were applied. The preprocessing pipeline included the removal of URLs, user tags, and special characters to enhance data consistency. Compared with traditional machine learning models—Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and SVM—the BERT-based model demonstrated superior performance in both contextual understanding and classification accuracy. Model performance was evaluated using confusion matrices, precision, recall, F1-score, as well as ROC and Precision-Recall curves, showing particularly strong results for the Offensive Language category. Future research will extend this work by applying advanced transformer-based models such as RoBERTa and GPT-3, and by constructing multilingual datasets to develop a scalable, real-time detection system applicable to global social media platforms.

Modern Korea, particularly during the Japanese colonial period, experienced significant political upheaval alongside the influx of Western culture and technology. The fall of the dynasty and the arrival of a new publiccentered era led to a growing demand for information design. This study analyzes the media in which information design was implemented in modern Korea and focuses on how it was expressed in the changing contexts of everyday life. Beyond mainstream media such as newspapers, posters, pamphlets, and leaflets, it explores more specialized forms of media embedded in everyday contexts. Beyond commonly known mainstream media formats, it examines artifacts held in museums and private collections—objects that utilize very small or repetitive spaces to convey information. Through this, it identifies unique characteristics of information design in these peripheral media. The research uncovered non-mainstream historical materials such as seals, labels, and calendars from museums and private collections. It reveals that even non-mainstream media, such as information designs inspired by seals and objects occupying extremely small spaces like product labels and matchboxes, contribute to the diffusion and contextualization of information design. These media not only contributed to the widespread diffusion and normalization of information design at the time, but also played a significant role in shaping the cultural context of Korea's modern information design landscape.

This study designed and implemented a real-time monitoring system combining IoT sensors and edge computing technology to ensure safety and efficient management at hydrogen pipeline construction sites. The system consists of environmental sensors for temperature, humidity, fire, and dust, as well as on-site sensors for vibration and noise detection. The Edge RTU(Remote Terminal Unit) collects and analyzes data in real time to determine any abnormalities. These results are transmitted to a remote control center via an IoT interface, and the control center monitors the status of the hydrogen pipeline network in real time using a user interface (UI). Communication performance tests conducted at a distance of 50 meters demonstrated a 100% success rate for Wi-Fi-based communication, compared to 97% for LoRa-based communication. Furthermore, by applying an edge-based anomaly detection algorithm, data transmission volume was reduced by approximately 63% while maintaining an anomaly detection accuracy of greater than 95%. Based on the experimental results and analysis, the proposed system is expected to serve as a low-latency, highly reliable real-time monitoring platform, contributing to improved safety management and the advancement of validation technologies for hydrogen urban pipeline infrastructure.

This study aimed to quantitatively measure object recognition inference performance, a representative application in edge computing environments. For this purpose, YOLOv8n was executed by applying PyTorch versions 1.11, 2.0, 2.4, and 2.7 to Raspberry Pi 4, Raspberry Pi 5, LattePanda 3 Delta, Jetson Nano, and Jetson AGX Orin boards, as well as an x86 legacy server. Experimental results showed that boards equipped with GPUs recorded faster inference speeds than CPU-based boards. Among these, despite its lower CPU performance, the Jetson Nano, leveraging GPU acceleration, reduced processing time by approximately 29% compared to the LattePanda 3 Delta. Particularly, the Jetson AGX Orin exhibited the fastest performance in both GPU and CPU environments, recording 14ms in the GPU environment and 170ms in the CPU environment. It was also confirmed that differences in PyTorch versions could affect performance. Furthermore, applicable edge computing application areas for each board were suggested based on the observed performance.

This study proposes the G-SLASH (Global Senior Learning Automated Smart Hub) model, an AI- and IoTbased automated recording framework for senior learning, addressing design, operational strategies, and policy implications. The model non-invasively captures daily activities of older adults and transforms them into global learning content through AI-based automated editing, summarization, and translation, while a central platform provides learning analytics and personalized feedback. The core architecture consists of five modules: automated recording, AI content generation, learning analytics, central platform and sharing, and governance. Operational scenarios encompass various living environments, rural and community activities, and instructor-led courses, minimizing technological burden and promoting sustained learning engagement. This study suggests that the G-SLASH model can enhance educational participation, social inclusion, policy feasibility, and cultural and economic impact. Additionally, it facilitates efficient use of resources in local universities and municipalities, activates global peer learning, and integrates lifelong learning policies with digital education strategies. This study offers a practical and policy-oriented foundation for digital transformation and global sharing of senior lifelong learning.

In Korea, the proportion of pets as family members is increasing due to the aging population and the increase of single-person households, but the gap in feeding management during the absence of guardians and the problem of feed reading in multi-family households remain unresolved tasks. As a basic study to solve this problem, this paper designed, learned, and evaluated YOLOv5-based face recognition model with the aim of designing an automatic feeding system for companion animal face recognition. The proposed model is based on a scenario in which the face of a companion animal captured by a camera is directly detected in units of bounding boxes to determine whether it is a pre-registered individual, and the feed bin is opened only when it matches the feeding time conditions. In addition, as a result of comparing YOLOv5 and YOLOv8, YOLOv8 recorded higher values with Recall 0.82, Precision 0.83, and YOLOv5 with Recall 0.87, and Precision 0.85. In this study, YOLOv5 was selected as the final face recognition model in consideration of the key requirement to detect individuals without missing them and not misrecognize other individuals in a multi-family environment. The research results are expected to be used as basic data for selecting models and preparing system design standards when implementing an automatic feeding system for companion animals in the future.

With the increasing importance of collaboration in R&D, social networking and communication among researchers are emphasized, necessitating the development of a research life-cycling framework that systematically manages and shares research activities and outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain a general understanding of social networking services that enable researchers to share work, network with colleagues, and connect with researchers from around the world working on similar research topics. Researchers' motivations for using social media include personal motivation, the technical aspects of social tools—easy access and ease of use—and the perception that social tools can contribute to faster and more efficient research. Researchers benefit from social media, in particular, by effectively communicating with diverse individuals in remote locations. Studies show that researchers perceive a variety of positive benefits from using social media. In addition to the ability to connect with individuals across diverse fields, a key advantage is the ability to overcome geographical limitations. By analyzing various social networking services for researcher collaboration, this study aims to develop a platform model that comprehensively supports researchers' work, foster collaboration among researchers, and derive implications for efficient research support services.

Introduction: This study aimed to explore the self-understanding experiences of nursing students taking a career seminar course that applied Kolb's experiential learning. Methods: The data were analyzed using content analysis and grounded theory on 210 pages of reports on three weeks by 70 students who took 15 weeks career seminar course. Results: Self-understanding of nursing students through reflection was sequentially deepened and internalized from self-understanding through the past self to self-understanding through others, and then self-understanding through situations. Discussion: In this study, nursing students' self-understanding gradually deepened and became internalized through Kolb's experiential learning approach, moving from the self to others and then to situations. These results provided evidence for the effectiveness of Kolb's experiential learning approach in fostering self-understanding and suggested the need for further expansion of experiential learning.

Amidst China’s consumption upgrading and urbanisation, the catering industry exhibits rapid yet high-risk growth. We are designed a multi-theoretical framework—integrating the COSO ERM model, the Resource- Based View, and Core Competence Theory—to conduct a case analysis of Haidilao. Using comparative and longitudinal data from 2017 to 2023, we identified significant volatility across five dimensions: liquidity, solvency, operational efficiency, profit fluctuations, and asset returns. The findings indicated that while digital transformation facilitated post-pandemic recovery, vulnerabilities remain in cash flow early-warning and dynamic monitoring systems. Accordingly, we proposed targeted strategies, including enhancing debt repayment early-warning mechanisms, optimising the capital structure and supply chain, and establishing a digital monitoring platform. These measures are aimed at strengthening financial resilience and ensuring sustainable growth. We contributed novel empirical insights to the literature on financial risk management in the catering services sector and offers practical implications for industry practitioners.

The present study was designed to investigate how grit influences sport passion and burnout among university ball game athletes. To achieve this aim, a total of 450 athletes (255 males and 195 females) participating in soccer, basketball, and volleyball at universities located in Gwangju and the Jeolla provinces were selected through cluster random sampling in 2024. Validated questionnaires were adapted, revised, and supplemented for the purpose of this study, and all responses were measured using a five-point Likert scale. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 through appropriate statistical procedures aligned with the research objectives. The findings revealed three major effects. First, grit exerted a partial positive effect on sport passion, indicating that perseverance of effort and consistency of interest increased harmonious passion, while consistency of interest decreased obsessive passion. Second, grit had a partial negative influence on burnout; athletes with higher grit showed lower emotional and physical exhaustion, reduced sport devaluation, and higher perceived accomplishment. Third, sport passion had a differential impact on burnout, such that harmonious passion mitigated burnout, whereas obsessive passion heightened burnout.

We are designed to investigate the effects of inline skating participation levels on leisure attitude and perceived fun among adults. Inline skating has become a growing leisure activity that contributes to physical health, enjoyment, and psychological well-being; however, empirical evidence on how participation levels shape leisure cognition and emotional responses remains limited. To address this research gap, adults aged 20 years and older who engaged in inline skating activities in Gwangju Metropolitan City and the Jeolla region in 2023 were recruited. Using a cluster random sampling method, 400 participants (285 males and 115 females) were selected. The survey instrument was adapted from previously validated questionnaires, updated to suit the study purpose, and all items were rated on a five-point Likert scale. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 with appropriate statistical procedures. The results demonstrated three key effects. First, inline skating participation level had a partial influence on leisure attitude. Second, participation level also exerted a partial effect on perceived fun. Third, leisure attitude partially contributed to perceived fun, suggesting that positive leisure attitudes enhance the enjoyment experienced during participation.

We developed an ecologically grounded and operationally feasible design framework for a distributed National Garden model in Garorim Bay, a coastal region characterized by extensive tidal flats, halophytic habitats, and culturally significant maritime landscapes. Using an integrated methodology that combines literature review, policy analysis, ecological assessment, field surveys, and UAV-based spatial documentation, we identified the environmental dynamics, cultural narratives, and landscape structures that define the Garorim Bay system. These findings were translated into a multi-scalar design framework organized through point–line–plane spatial logics. The selection of nine thematic gardens was based on ecological sensitivity, cultural representativeness, spatial accessibility, and functional differentiation. Sustainability strategies were quantified using indicators such as water-reuse efficiency, renewable-energy integration ratios, and expected maintenance-input reductions. Empirical benchmarks from domestic and international distributed garden networks were used to validate the operational feasibility of the proposed model. The results demonstrate that the Garorim Bay National Garden can function as a coherent ecological–cultural landscape that integrates restoration, interpretation, tourism, and therapeutic programming. This study contributes a replicable design paradigm for coastal National Garden development that is ecologically resilient, culturally meaningful, and aligned with national landscape policy.

This study conducted an art-based research project in which the researcher personally collaborated with AI to produce music tracks, aiming to explore the impact of collaboration with a creator-centric AI music system on the creative process, the creator’s identity, and the final musical output. For an in-depth analysis of the research process, the autoethnography methodology was applied to meticulously record and analyze the internal experiences and decision-making processes encountered during creation. The findings revealed that the collaborative relationship between human and AI is not fixed but dynamically shifts among the roles of an ‘efficient tool,’ an ‘unfamiliar provider of inspiration (colleague),’ and an ‘active creative partner,’ depending on the context. Notably, the unpredictability of AI acted as a ‘creative catalyst,’ breaking human creative inertia. In this process, the locus of creative agency expanded from the ‘individual I’ to the ‘networked we,’ encompassing both the creator and the AI. Consequently, the creator’s role was reconfigured from that of a ‘creator’ who makes something from nothing to a ‘curator’ or ‘mediator’ who selects from the infinite possibilities generated by AI and weaves them into a meaningful whole by providing context. The final product, the album, exhibited a unique aesthetic characteristic under the concept of ‘Mechanical Sensibility,’ where predictable structures under human control coexist with unpredictable details unique to the AI. This suggests that new artistic possibilities can be generated when AI’s capabilities, despite their technical limitations, are combined with human aesthetic judgment. In conclusion, AI can be a radical partner that alleviates the burdens of creation and expands creative horizons, rather than a being that replaces human creators. In the age of AI, the core competency of human creators will lie more in the ‘ability to give context and create a narrative’ than in technical proficiency. This study is significant in that it presents a practical case for exploring such future creative methodologies.

The purpose of this study is to examine how historical and socio-cultural dynamics reshaped Korean traditional color design from the post-liberation era to the globalization age, and to clarify how these shifts inform modern content development.We conduct a historical–analytical review across four socio-economic stages and operationalize traditional color semantics (obangsaek/ogansaek) into measurable color metrics (CIELAB/LCh, RGB/CMYK) with cross-media tolerance rules. We also structure a validation plan combining semantic differential surveys and controlled A/B tasks. We identify four phases (post-liberation imitation, industrial massproduction, identity discourse, globalization and consumer diversification) and propose a media-robust mapping framework with ΔE* tolerances and ICC workflow guidance. We clarify a pipeline that translates cultural color semantics into production-ready specifications and outline policy and education modules for dissemination. We show that traditional color can function as a strategic asset for national identity, branding, and public design when supported by standards, empirical validation, and governance.

Since the “4th National Watercolor and Pastel Exhibition” held in Qingdao in 1998, Qingdao watercolor has entered the context of contemporary art and developed rapidly. However, related research has remained largely descriptive and has lacked systematic theoretical support. To address this gap, this study adopts grounded theory as its methodological framework. By analyzing nearly three decades of literature, exhibitions, and interview data, and by applying open, axial, and selective coding, we constructed a five-dimensional model of the artistic characteristics of Qingdao watercolor: uniqueness, expressiveness, inherence, sociality, and popularity. We demonstrate that uniqueness derives from the regional culture of “mountain–sea–city”; expressiveness is reflected in linguistic innovation and a tendency toward abstraction; inherence is supported by the integration of Chinese and Western art and by educational lineages; sociality emphasizes its role in cultural dissemination and marketization; and popularity is shaped by educational outreach and community engagement. We contribute academically by compensating for the fragmentation of previous research through an empirical framework. We propose originally a reusable paradigm for regional watercolor studies. We reveal as a key result the generative mechanism of the “mountain–sea style” and its value in public art and international exchange. Future research may extend first-hand interviews and further refine the evaluation system for regional art.

This study sought to identify the influence of the physical servicescape of an ecotourism site on the formation of behavioral intention, with a focus on the mediating effect of place image. For the purpose of this paper, we are designed this study to make contributions to reinforcing the research on servicescape which has not been actively analyzed in the ecotourism field. Also, we are designed this study to achieve the research findings and implications for the development of ecotourism destinations. Based on a questionnaire completed by 282 visitors to the study site of Jeju Jeolmul National Recreation Forest, SPSS/WIN 27.0 and AMOS 23 were used to identify the relationships among the physical servicescape, place image and the behavioral intention. Furthermore, the bootstrap analysis was performed to verify the mediating effect of place image on the relationship between physical servicescape and behavioral intention. Based on the empirical findings of this study, we expanded the scope of research on ecotourism destination servicescape by connecting them to the place image and the behavioral intention in the field of ecotourism, where the previous research on servicescape is limited. Furthermore, it is expected that we made significant contributions to the field of ecotourism by suggesting various implications that can present developmental directions for the ecotourism destinations based on an in-depth examination of the physical servicescape.

This study analyzed 33 domestic articles on nurses’ career development published between 2013 and 2024 using a scoping review approach. Findings indicated that over 60% of variables were focused on “personal psychological” and “career-related” factors, highlighting an individual-centered trend, whereas structural aspects such as “organizational environment” and “job experience” were relatively underexplored. The conclusions similarly emphasized strategies to strengthen individual competence and career management, which may limit the ability to address organizational issues. Future research requires a paradigm shift toward identifying structural barriers, while in practice, tailored career support systems and the cultivation of a positive organizational culture are essential.

This study takes the traditional Chinese philosophical concept of “Unity of Ti and Yong (Embodiment and Function)” as its theoretical framework to explore the intrinsic unity and dialectical relationship between Dao and Qi in Chinese calligraphy. Through a combined approach of literature analysis and historical interpretation, it systematically traces the evolution of Ti–Yong thought from the Pre-Qin and Wei-Jin periods to Song-Ming Neo-Confucianism, revealing the philosophical basis for the transformation of calligraphy from practical writing to aesthetic expression. The paper constructs a progressive model of “Ti–Yong–Dao–Qi” and interprets the generative logic of calligraphic art from dual perspectives: “characters as Ti, rules as Yong,” and “Dao as Ti, beauty as Yong.” It argues that the experiential Qi of handwriting and the transcendental Dao of calligraphic aesthetics are mutually generative and harmoniously integrated. By examining contemporary phenomena such as the “Ugly Calligraphy (Chou Shu)” trend and current creative practices, this research highlights the practical significance of the Ti-Yong unity paradigm for innovation in modern calligraphy, art education, and the cultivation of cultural confidence. Ultimately, it underscores the integration of theory and practice as the path toward unifying writing quality and artistic expressiveness, reaffirming calligraphy’s role as a vital embodiment of Chinese aesthetic and cultural spirit.

This study examines the structural relationship among adolescents’ perceived participation rights, relational stability, and self-esteem, based on a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents. Utilizing data from the 2023 National Survey on the Human Rights of Children and Adolescents in Korea, the study employed confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. Participation rights were assessed across three domains: home, school, and community. Relational stability was conceptualized as emotional security in relationships with parents, teachers, and peers. Self-esteem was measured through items reflecting positive self-perception. The results indicate that perceived participation rights had a significant positive effect on both relational stability and self-esteem. However, relational stability did not significantly mediate the relationship between participation rights and self-esteem. These findings underscore the importance of ensuring adolescents’ meaningful participation as a direct contributor to psychological wellbeing, highlighting the need for rights-based approaches in child and youth policy and practice.

We examine the rapid, state-driven expansion of garden policy in Korea and analyze the structural challenges that have emerged as the nation enters the next phase of its garden development trajectory. Drawing on policy documents, legal frameworks, performance evaluations, and stakeholder insights, we assess the achievements and limitations of the First and Second National Garden Promotion Plans. We identify persistent issues—including legal ambiguity, regional imbalance, insufficient support for private gardens, and a fragmented industrial ecosystem—that have constrained the qualitative growth of Korea’s garden culture. Based on this analysis, we propose a restructured strategic framework for the Third National Garden Promotion Plan, emphasizing legal reform, infrastructural integration, industrial advancement, lifelong garden education, and cultural maturation. We argue that Korea must now transition from quantitative expansion toward institutional consolidation and socially embedded garden culture. Our findings aim to contribute to the broader discourse on nature-based cultural policy, environmental governance, and sustainable landscape development.

This study investigates the effects of group presentation activities on perceived improvement in English speaking skills within EFL contexts. Four primary variables—learner engagement, confidence, instructor support, and feedback—were simultaneously examined using survey data and quantitative analysis. We found that learner engagement and supportive instructional environments are the most significant predictors of perceived improvement in speaking ability. However, instructor feedback had a notably negative effect, implying that its influence may vary depending on specific contextual factors. We highlight the need to enhance learner engagement and confidence and to provide feedback that is carefully adapted to learners' needs. We believe that study provides insight for developing effective presentation-based English courses in higher education.

We are designed to propose a sustainable and competency-based model of general education that supports both academic adaptation and social settlement for international students. This study explores the design direction of a customized general education curriculum for international students in Korean universities. In operating general education programs, Korean universities have primarily focused on Korean language acquisition and the cultivation of basic academic skills. This reflects the reality that many international students enter universities without sufficient Korean proficiency to successfully engage in their major studies. In contrast, overseas universities often require a certain level of language proficiency at the admission stage or institutionalize preparatory language programs for international students. As a result, they are able to link foundation courses with general education and integrate key competencies such as global citizenship and digital literacy. Based on a comparative analysis of 12 universities in Korea and abroad, this study examines a fourstage structure consisting of Bridge (preparatory), Basic General Education, Universal General Education, and Elective Tracks. Importantly, Korean universities need to move beyond viewing international students as temporary sojourners and instead recognize them as learners who may continue their studies and potentially settle in Korean society. Thus, general education should not remain confined to Korean language acquisition and basic academic training but should also incorporate a broader set of competencies necessary for settlement and social adaptation. Areas such as AI literacy, financial literacy, and sports and well-being exemplify how general education can respond to the diverse learning purposes and life contexts of today’s international students. This discussion provides strategic implications for strengthening both the long-term integration of international students and the global competitiveness of Korean universities.

We address one of the most challenging grammatical domains for second language learners—the English article system—which poses particular difficulty for Korean learners whose first language lacks articles. We propose a reanalysis of the English article system through the dual lens of cognitive domains and hearerorientedness. We argue that article choice can be systematically explained by the speaker’s assessment of the hearer’s knowledge state: the is used when the referent is assumed to be identifiable to the hearer, while a(n) is used when it lies outside the hearer’s knowledge or denotes a type or subset. We demonstrate that this perspective integrates earlier theoretical accounts of definiteness, familiarity, and determination into a coherent explanatory model grounded in cognition and interaction. Furthermore, we highlight the pedagogical implications of this approach, showing that it enables learners to interpret article use not as a set of arbitrary rules but as a reflection of shared knowledge and discourse accessibility. Through this study, we contribute to both linguistic theory and second language pedagogy by providing a unified, cognitively grounded explanation of English article use that connects grammatical form, communicative intent, and hearer orientation.

Our study aims to systematically investigate the issue of determining the value of data within the context of national data management. Even though the data produced at present can be applied to a variety of situations, transactions are not initiated. This is examined as a result of the absence of efforts to objectively and consistently assess the economic and social value of data. Thus, we research as as to devise a reasonable value calculation plan using a multidimensional approach that takes into account the characteristics of the data, the context in which it is used, and the market structure. Ultimately, our discussion is expected to foster the maturation of the national data ecosystem and the evolution of a data-driven society and economy by encouraging the establishment of suitable transaction prices for data resources and the creation of a distribution structure. The traditional data pricing approaches of income, cost, and market—which were proposed in earlier studies—calculate values based on data economic benefits, production costs, and transaction cases, respectively. However, they have the drawback of not accurately reflecting the multidimensional and immaterial properties of data. On the other hand, our recently suggested methodology differs in that it preserves the fundamental ideas of the current approach while taking into account data quality aspects and utilization ecosystems in a broad manner. A more comprehensive assessment of the socioeconomic ripple impact and the actual use value of data can be achieved by incorporating new evaluation elements alongside pre-existing ones. In contrast to straightforward information goods, our integrated evaluation approach will acknowledge data assets as knowledge-based assets capable of generating ongoing value. Consequently, our study is believed to help develop a fair data pricing structure that takes marketability and publicity into account.

The terminology 'Kamikaze·Suicide Drone' has been widely used in media, academia, and even military documents to describe unmanned strike systems. However, this study demonstrates that such terminology is problematic because it introduces historical, political, and ethical connotations that distort the doctrinal and technical nature of these systems. By analyzing doctrinal references from NATO and the U.S. Army, the study highlights the inconsistencies that arise in doctrinal interpretation, procurement classification, training, and coalition interoperability when misleading terms are employed. As an alternative, the research proposes the adoption of standardized terminology, using 'Strike Drone' as a general category and distinguishing Loitering Munitions(LM) and One-Way Attack(OWA) Drones as doctrinally distinct subcategories. The findings underscore that establishing accurate terminology is not merely a semantic exercise but an essential requirement for doctrinal development, procurement efficiency, and operational interoperability in the era of drone warfare. This study contributes to ongoing debates on military terminology and provides a foundation for clearer doctrinal development and policy formulation in future drone warfare.

The present study reviews a series of current studies on generative artificial intelligence (gen-AI) and its increasing impacts on education, particularly on perspectives and opinions of teachers. It addresses benefits, challenges, and requirements for technological integration for successful learning. To this end, a total of nine applicable articles were finally selected after a careful screening procedure. The findings showed that while instructors identify positive influences of gen-AI including increased teaching competence, facilitated personalized learning, more efficient assessment processes, they cautioned against possible risks such as plagiarism, spread of AI-generated misinformation, reduced efforts among students to make original products, and lower critical thinking skills. Teachers across the selected studies steadily highlighted that institutional supports, adequate professional development programs, and clear policies are necessary ingredients to adopt technology for pedagogical soundness. They also underscored the importance of conservation of uniquely human attributes - empathy, ethical judgment, creativity, and mentorships – that advancement of technology cannot replicate, in order to enhance human-centered teaching. The authors suggest that future researchers are to investigate classroom-based evidence so that they can provide real-world guidelines and policies and ensure balances between AI-integration innovation and traditional educational values.

This study investigates the psychological mechanisms influencing the continuous intention to use AI agents, specifically focusing on the challenges posed by their opaque 'black-box' nature. We propose and structurally test a moderated mediation model where the relationship between Black-box Perception and Intention to Use is mediated by Privacy Concerns. Furthermore, we examine whether this indirect effect is moderated by the user's individual Privacy-Protection Orientation (PPO). The findings confirm our hypotheses: a higher perception of the AI as a 'black-box' significantly increases privacy concerns, which in turn significantly reduces the user's intention to continue use. Moreover, this negative impact of privacy concerns on usage intention is significantly stronger for individuals with a high PPO. This study empirically demonstrates that transparency in AI operations is critical for building user trust. The results also highlight the need for organizations to move beyond a one-size-fits-all approach and develop differentiated privacy strategies tailored to user characteristics.

The construction industry continues to record high rates of industrial accidents and fatalities. In 2024, 276 deaths were reported, accounting for nearly half of all workplace fatalities, with a fatality rate of 1.65 much higher than the overall industry average of 0.43. These figures highlight the inherently high-risk environment of construction, where falls, entrapment, and collapses are major causes. Traditional lecture- and theorybased safety education has proven insufficient for enhancing practical on-site response capabilities. To address this, the study examined the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-based safety and health training in improving hazard awareness and safe behavior. A survey of 110 workers captured VR training experience, satisfaction, limitations, improvements, risk awareness, and training effectiveness by job class. Findings indicated positive perceptions of VR training, particularly among subcontractor workers, those with less than three months of work experience, and foreign workers. Although some older workers reported experiencing difficulties and inconveniences using VR devices, VR training can be an effective alternative to strengthening accident prevention capabilities in high-risk industries by providing immersion and an environment similar to real-world situations. We proposed several improvement measures, including customized training design, ensuring technological stability, updating content, and expanding administrator participation. In particular, we confirmed through empirical analysis the necessity of developing customized content that reflects diverse user characteristics, and we emphasized the importance of enhancing device usability to improve training effectiveness.

"This study aims to overcome the limitations inherent in the existing Information Strategy Planning (ISP) consulting methodology, which is centered on qualitative analysis. To this end, the primary objective is to develop and propose a standardized consulting methodology module that fundamentally utilizes Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based data analytics. "We are designed to ensure that the module ultimately provides corporate consultants and practitioners with a quantitative and scientific data-driven consulting framework that is immediately applicable in the field, thus contributing to the enhancement of decision-making quality and execution power." The study designed a standardized procedure based on the PDCA (Plan–Do–Check–Act) cycle, consisting of four steps (term definition, literature review, AI-linked methodology development, and case verification), and demonstrated through the application of a Production Process Automation ISP at Company (A) which resulted in strategy establishment (Plan), process automation (Do), prediction accuracy improvement (Check), and smart process advancement (Act) the potential for generating quantitative results like reduced defect rates and enhanced equipment efficiency

We are designed to elucidate how house music functions, seeking new methodological possibilities for the analysis of electronic dance music and contributing to the expansion of the scholarly horizon on house. To this end, we focus on Marshall Jefferson’s 1986 track, ‘Move Your Body.’ Applying an integrated analytical framework that combines Hawkins’s CGP(Cellular Groove Pattern) theory, Butler’s rhythm‑layer theory, and spectral analysis, we investigate three strata: macrostructure, microrhythm, and physical acoustics. The analysis shows that the musical achievement of ‘Move Your Body’ lies beyond the introduction of a piano riff, residing instead in a refined design in which heterogeneous musical layers interact organically toward the singular objective of ‘controlling dance‑floor energy.’ CGP analysis demonstrates that the track is constructed from functional cells—intro, chorus, breakdown—whose arrangement shapes narrative flow and dynamics. Rhythm‑layer analysis establishes that the groove emerges through ‘metrical dissonance’ between a stable drum grid and the bass/piano’s unpredictability. Finally, spectral analysis provides objective evidence that these structural and rhythmic transformations are directly instantiated as changes in spectral density. In conclusion, by integrating structure, rhythm, and acoustics, the study identifies ‘Move Your Body’ as presenting an archetype of house music, and it suggests that a methodology bridging humanistic theory with engineering‑based analysis opens new avenues for research on recorded popular music.