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This study investigates how college students who are fertility women have a right to decide their own heritage. The participants of this study were 20-25 years old who were studying maternal nursing at a university in C province.Participants were 15 in total and conducted in-depth interviews three times until the meaning was no longer present.The data collection period was from November 15, 2017 to December 10.Interview data were processed using the phenomenological Giorgi method. As a result, 128 semantic units were derived, again divided into 9 sub-components, and then divided into 2 categories as final components. In conclusion, Participants agreed overall that abortion should not be increased. Participants agreed overall that abortion should not be increased. There are 5 sub-components in agree of abortion: 'ethical dilemmas', 'assuring women's autonomy', 'being a prepared parent', 'not wanting future misery', and 'women's health rights' . There are 4 sub-components to abortion: The preciousness of life’, 'hasty decision', 'murder', 'moral responsibility'. If a sub-component is categorized into a phenomenological context, it can be concluded that there is "importance to life" and "difficulty of decision".

The purpose of this study was to assess risk indicators of depressive symptoms such as demographic, socio-economical domains (age, gender, marital status, education, child, religion, income, health, friendship) and personality domains (neurotic personality, self-esteem and life goal attitude) of community dwelling elderly persons. A total of 300 community-residing elderly participants aged 65+ in a metropolitan city in Korea, were recruited for this interview survey. The interview covered demographic and socio-economic characteristics, and administration of the 20-item Korean Version of CES-D, the 10-item Self-esteem, the 19-item Neuroticism and the 10-itm Goal Instability scale. The prevalence of significant depressive symptoms (CES-D scale >= 21) was 31%. Logistic regression analysis showed high risk for depression was associated with high neuroticism, less intimate friendship, high goa1 instability, and childlessness, respectively in the order of significance. Factors in the personality domains were more strongly associated with depressive symptoms than factors in the socio- economical domains. Both cultural and universal meaning of the findings was discussed with regard to intervention.

This study is a descriptive survey research to investigate the effect of the circadian rhythm of the college students in different departments on the addiction to SNS. The subjects of this study were 150 freshman students in the Department of Nursing in K university, a four-year university located in Gumi, Gyeongbuk, and 130 freshmen students in the Department of Mechanical Engineering in K Engineering university located in the same city. In this study, the difference of circadian rhythm and SNS addiction was analyzed among the subjects in different departments. The result showed that the circadian rhythm was not significantly different between the departments, but SNS addiction showed significant difference between the departments.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the influence of smartphone addiction on learning immersion, sociality and morality of college students and the present study is a descriptive survey research to investigate the influence of smartphone addiction on learning immersion, sociality and morality of college students. The subjects were 145 freshman, sophomore and junior students in the Department of Health at a college located in the Gyeongbuk region, and the data were collected from November 15 to 18, 2017. upon analyzing the correlations between the variables, a negative correlation was found between learning immersion and sociality and between learning immersion and morality, indicating that the learning immersion decreased as the sociality or morality increased. A positive correlation was found between sociality and morality, indicating that those who have a higher degree of sociality have a higher level of morality.

In contemporary society, neglected families increase adolescents' maladjustment behaviors, causing academic problems, psychological and emotional problems, and showing flight behavior. By identifying the nature of the protective factor against the dangerous environment of a neglected family and increasing the protection factor for the children in a dangerous environment, it is necessary to create the environment so that the young can grow up positively rather than adversely. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of adolescents who are psychologically adaptive at the level of general family children among the adolescents who are in a dangerous environment. The results showed that self - esteem, ego - resilience, ego - identity, and community variables had a significant effect on discriminating adolescents who showed high psychological adjustment from risk factors of neglect while controlling other factors. SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze the data.

The types of sixth industry to aim of boosting agriculture and rural areas and Korea's sixth industrial cases(Local community, production-centric, distribution-centric, dine out-centric, treatment-centric, exportcentric) and competitiveness measures through Japan and China. Specifically, the competitiveness through the sixth industrial case is to maximize added value through cooperation between communities and to coexist among local residents. Efforts are needed not only to create jobs for the elderly but also to gain consumer confidence, and various measures should be sought to establish a cooperative system. In addition, as customers ' needs change rapidly in the smart age, the life cycle of goods and services is getting extremely faster. Therefore, the sixth industry is expected to be able to predict changes in customer and market trends quickly and accurately, thus making efforts to bring new products and services to market more necessary and contributing to achieving rural activation.

In this study, It is utilized 103 management panic data about social enterprises in Chungnam area (Chungnam, Daejeon, Sejong) region from 2011 to 2017. The organizational characteristics (organiz ational type, type of certification, company's region, external grants, paid employees) were set as in dependent variables with economic performance (sales) and social performance (employment of vulne rable class) as dependent variables. We analyzed the factors affecting the economic and social perfo rmance of social enterprises and confirmed the correlation between economic and social performanc e. The results of this study are as follows: First, the organizational characteristics of social enterpri ses showed a significant difference in sales as economic performance. External grants have no posit ive effect on the economic performance (sales) of social enterprises, while paid workers have a posi tive (+) influence on the economic performance. Second, the organizational characteristics of social enterprises showed significant differences in employment of the vulnerable class, which is social perf ormance. Only the paid workers had a statistically significant relationship with the social performan ce of the social enterprise. Third, the correlation between economic performance (sales) and social performance (employment of the vulnerable class), which is the result of social enterprise, is shown. This can enhance a social enterprises' sustainable growth and self-sufficiency by improving the empl oyment of vulnerable people, the economic performance of a social enterprise, which is sales and s ocial performance, and ultimately can manifest the value and purpose of the social enterprise.

The purpose of this study is to try finding the research possibilities of computer technology in art education and understand why computer technology has such a great impact on our contemporary education. The methodology of this study is based on the analysis of literature review. I have tried to find the importance articles in the journals of art education such as Studies in Art Education and Art Education published from the National Art Education Association, one of the most well-known organizations in the field of art education. To draw the purpose of this study, I found articles and categorized the information using key words such as aesthetic, feminist, gender issues, and interactivity. After analyzing, I have discussed about the research possibilities and important issues of computer technology in art education and then categorized the information found in each article into four different subheadings: 1) the visual effects of computer graphics in art education, 2) gender issues based on the computer technology, 3) interactive multimedia and social interactions among students, 4) research possibilities with computer technologies in art education. The findings are as follow. Firstly, there were many research possibilities of computer technologies in art education such as ways of criticizing the contemporary art world. Secondly, I found that computer technology has a great impact on art education because students are more eager to engage with computer technologiesbased media activities and very familiar with new media either at home and school. Therefore, we, as educators, must address how the student will be systematically engaged with computer technologies in their educational environment and should determine what knowledge and skills prospective teachers bring to our teacher education programs and how and where they acquired this knowledge.

This main purpose of the study is to identify social network of communicators sharing information on Bokjiro for publicizing welfare policy. This study employs NodeXL pro to understand networks and their role in the social network. The data for social network analysis was collected from Twitter for a week. The result of the analysis shows that the social network of communicators on Bokjiro does not have many nodes. It also has an independent network with high possibility of information distortion. Little communicators have controlling power in information flow in one way of communication. According to the result, it is not effective for marketing strategy of welfare policy in providing online information through Bokjiro. The study suggests that the government should use the transactional approach to marketing based on agent-oriented activity focusing on the exchange relationship between information providers and demanders in an age of networked intelligence.

In the digital era, news consumption is not confined in geological boundaries. Technological advances bring the instant dissemination of news into life and allow news audience to consume events that occur far away almost in real time. The transmission has blurred the boundary between traditional media and new media, and the one between physical and virtual world. That is, what if a journalist applies news framing to the news translation process? This paper aims to investigate the gap between the ST and the TT created when the source news texts undergo a translation process. To achieve this aim, the appraisal theory developed by White (2003) is employed to identify a difference between the ST and the TT. Furthermore, we have attempted to identify differences between soft news stories and hard news stories while the STs from both news stories are translated into the TTs. Two time-sensitive events, Hugh Grant’s marriage and a U.S. and North Korea summit, were selected. The former (a soft news story) is extracted from the Telegraph and the latter (a hard news story) is from the Washington post. As a result, it was found that such strategies as attitude, engagement, and judgment were used when the source news texts from the hard news story are translated into the target news texts. Under the appraisal theory, the strategies involve evaluative language which refers to positive or negative language that judges the worth of entities. In general, it is said that a journalist frames the SS (especially from the hard news story) to convey his ideology to news consumers. Hypothetically, we assume that a similar framing process takes place in deriving the TT from the SS of the hard news story. Thus, we could conclude that the TT from the hard news story differs from the TT from the soft news story and that the difference can be explained within the framework of White’s appraisal theory.

The purpose of this study was to analyze general characteristics and empathy factors of nursing student’s major satisfaction. Participants in this study were 235 students from both located in J do and C do Universities. The research method was a cross-sectional survey and the survey period was from September 1 to 10, 2017. The questionnaire was used to investigate general characteristics, empathy, and major satisfaction. The analysis was based on frequency analysis, p value of t or F value, Pearson correlation, regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis using SPSS 18.0. The result of this study were as follows: (1) The C University showed higher satisfaction than J University(3.44), (2) the factors affecting major satisfaction were school location, grade, religion, cognitive empathy, and emotional empathy correlated, Regression analysis was used to examine factors that correlated with major satisfaction, followed by hierarchical regression analysis to identify the most influential factors. (3) The result of the analysis showed that the greatest influence factors on major satisfaction were the University location(β=.325, p<.01), the cognitive empathy (β=.287, p<.01), and the next order was negative grade(β=-.230, p<.01). Based on the results of this stud, the following conclusions can be drawn. The most influential factor in the major satisfaction was the school location, but this was an irreversible factor. Therefore, if the cognitive empathy factor and grades are corrected, it can be said that it can increase the satisfaction of major in nursing University students. In this study, it was emphasized that cognitive empathy contained in the course of nursing education program and suggested guidance on major satisfaction in lower grades.

In the 1990s, South Korea recently launched Space Development and is pushing for a step toward Space. In the Space Launch Vehicle field, the development of Practical satellite type Launch Vehicle (Korea Space Launch Vehicle II) has progressed to the stage of proprietary development, and in the field of Satellite development, they also have a great deal of competitiveness. This study will be a shortcut to rediscovering our potential and looking for breakthroughs by reviewing and re-examining the effects of past Space development.

This study examined the relationship between the demographic profiles of 260 staff nurses in the SPC Health Care Ministry Hospitals and their Transcultural Self-Efficacy (TSE) level on the Cognitive, Practical and Affective dimensions. To obtain the result, among the nine (9) demographic profile items, three (3) common positive predictors were considered, namely, 1) Educational attainment level; 2) Age; and 3) Willingness to work abroad in all three dimensions. While in the Practical and Affective dimensions, the number of years employed were a common negative predictor and in the Affective dimension, Gender of participants was added as the positive predictor. Therefore, there are some significant demographic characteristics of respondents influence to the transcultural self-efficacy. Further, based on the results of this diagnostic study, the researcher designed the One (1) year Cultural Competence Training Program for staff nurses. For future research, the researcher recommended to conduct a further study that will evaluate the effectiveness of the educational intervention by approaching a longitudinal study form administering the test and retest of TSET.

Sometimes, literary therapy is to create an abscission layer at the mind and remove the signifier of love, by the abscission layer. The purpose of this study is to reveal the mechanism of literary therapy by mutation in human-created sentences and to activate literary therapy. In Gosijo, the abscission layer of Seo Gyeongdok's mind is present in the layer of the "falling leaf" of the his Sijo's last sentence, and the abscission layer of Hwang Jin-yi's mind exists in the layer of the "falling leaf" of the her Sijo's last sentence. The "falling leaf" created by the abscission layer of Seo Gyeongdok's sentence acts as an action potential to the nervous system of Hwang Jin-yi. In Hwang Jin-yi's Sijo, the abscission layer is also activated, forming a "leaf". Hwang Jin-yi's Sijo constructs a new sensory layer that is extended and mutated more than the meaning of space between lines of Seo Gyeongdok's Sijo. In her Sijo, Hwang Jin-yi twists and twists Seo Gyeongdok's sentences to squeeze the sound. She accepts the Seo Gyeongdok's sentences and twists in the first sentence and twists out of the second sentence once more to produce the mutation in the last sentence. As a result of her sentence twist, Seo Kyung-duk's visual sense of "falling leaf" is mutated into a "falling leaf's sound" of auditory sense. This mutation process works as a healing mechanism in the human body. If this study will continue in the future, it will be possible to activate literary therapy by Sijo.

In the past, design has been recognized as a means to determine colors, shapes, and functions Recently, however, it has been accepted in a wider sense, namely designing the entire service, including product and user experience design. In this way, in addition to creativity and expressive power that designers have as their main competence, according to the expansion of this design object, designers are required to have comprehensive abilities in related fields and accompanying technical professional abilities. If designing as a technology application as a direction toward this situation, design education can be carried out by approaching technology as a method of expression or design subject. It can also be an effective alternative towards improving the understanding of technology. Meanwhile, many small microcontroller board products with advanced functions and multi-functional specialized programming integrated development environments (IDEs) are becoming widespread due to their open source, low cost, and scalable features. However, students in the design department who lack the basic knowledge of science and engineering have difficulties learning, which requires considerable time and is required for practical use. From this point of view, we have made advancements in the technical understanding of design education by conducting fundamental research to the effectiveness of microcontrollerbased prototyping tools as means of expression. We also conducted basic education of microcontroller boards for a certain period of time on students who majored in design in conjunction with the basic survey and investigated the obstacle factors using a questionnaire. Through these surveys, we have confirmed the necessity of designing microcontroller boards of low difficulty, which simplify the coding process that can act as a barrier in difficulty for design students to apply smoothly in design education. In addition, we intend to carry out a basic study on the guideline of microcontroller design for design education and composition of education programs.

As evidenced through rapidly growing digital repositories and web resources, automatic metadata generation is becoming ever more critical, especially considering the costly and complex operation of manual metadata creation. Also, automatic metadata generation is apt to consistent metadata application. In this sense, metadata quality and interoperability can be enhanced by utilizing a mechanism for automatic metadata generation. In this article, a mechanism of automatic metadata extraction called ExMETA is introduced in order to alleviate issues dealing with inconsistent metadata application and semantic interoperability across ever-growing digital collections. Conceptual graph, one of formal languages that represent the meanings of natural language sentences, is utilized for ExMETA as a mediation mechanism that enhances the metadata quality by disambiguating semantic ambiguities caused by isolation of a metadata element and its corresponding definition from the relevant context. Hence, automatic metadata generation by using ExMETA can be a good way of enhancing metadata quality and semantic interoperability.

Learning data is composed of 100 characters with 10 different fonts, and test data is composed of 10 characters with a new font that is not used for the learning data. In order to consider the variety of learning data with several different fonts, 10 learning masks are constructed by accumulating pixel values of same characters with 10 different fonts. This process eliminates minute difference of characters with different fonts. After finding maximum values of learning masks, test data is expanded by multiplying these maximum values to the test data. The algorithm calculates sum of differences of two corresponding pixel values of the expanded test data and the learning masks. The learning mask with the smallest value among these 10 calculated sums is selected as the result of the recognition process for the test data. The proposed algorithm can recognize various types of fonts, and the learning data can be modified easily by adding a new font. Also, the recognition process is easy to understand, and the algorithm makes satisfactory results for character recognition.

Our present study, we impregnated Al-Fe-Mg-Si (NFM) nanocomposites having various concentrations 0, 1000, 3000, and 5000 mg/L in biomass in order to make carbonized biomass. We characterized the properties of the impregnated samples through thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG–DTA), pore distribution, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The best results were observed for a NFM nanocomposites concentration of 5000 mg/L. After the first heat treatment, carbonization, and activation processes, the fixed carbon ratio and iodine adsorptivity were increased by 21.89% and 368 mg/g, 23.98% and 475 mg/g, 26.40% and 238 mg/g, respectively. The remove rate of malodorous and VOCs were that the sample shows good removal capabilities. From above results, our sample could be used for the removal of noxious and malodorous gases and for the purification of wastewater.