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This study was carried out to obtain the basic data on artificial culture of Sparassis crispa. The mycelial growth and density were good in the PBA, PDA and PDM media, and especially prominent in the PBA medium. The optimum condition for the mycelial growth was 25℃ and pH 5.0, respectively. The carbon sources such as glucose, fructose, mannose, xylose(monosaccharide) and maltose(disaccharide) were favorable to mycelial growth of S crispa. The optimal concentration of glucose is 1.0∼1.5%. As nitrogen sources, threonine, peptone, glycine, glutamine and valine appeared to be favorable to the mycelial growth and density. The optimal concentration of peptone is 0.3%.

The Aphyllophorales is a large order containing about 2,000 known species. Many of these are the bracket and coral fungi. The vast majority of these fungi are saprophytic on the plant debris. Many species are significant in decomposing plant remains, as they are able to digest cellulose or lignin that occurs in plant cell walls. Many of these fungi have been involved in everyday human affairs. A few were used medicinally by the Greeks and Romans as a remedy for many complaints, including colic, fractured limbs and bruises. Other bracket fungi have been used as curry combs for horses, as snuff, as razor strops and as a source of dye for clothing. The texture of the basidiocarp may be similar to that of cork, wood, leather, paper, or cartilage. Unlike the basidiocarps of the Order Agaricales, the basidiocarps of the Aphyllophorales are not fleshly and moist. Division of the members of the Aphyllophorales into genera was originally made on the basis of gross morphology of the basidiocarp and hymenium and Donk(1964) recognizes 22 families in this order. The species and genus whose typical in Aphylloporales were listed in Table. with related information. The ITS region sequence of some genus were found by BLAST search. Sequences retrieved from GenBank were visually aligned by the program CLUSTAL G. As a result, the medicinal mushroom was separated in four groups. In this multiple alignment, the sequence analysis among Fomes group, Inonotus group and Phellinus group showed high genetic similarity except Hericium group and Sparassis group.

'Dajoa', a new variety of oyster mushroom was developed by Mushroom Research Institute, Gyonggi Province Agricultural Research and Extension Services in 2004. It was bred with mating between monokaryotic strains isolated from Boonli 89-1 and ASI 2018-249. The major characteristics of the mushroom are showing a lot of pinheadings, the gray-colored and infundibuliform pileus. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was around 26∼28℃ and that for the pinheading and growth of fruitbody was around 15∼18℃. Incubation period was required around 24 days with bottle culture and about 21days in Poly Prophylene(P.P) plastic bag culture. The yields were shown high by 140.7g/850cc bottle and 260.3g/1kg P.P. plastic bag.

This study was carried out to select oyster mushroom strains tolerant to salinity and characteristic cultivation by different NaCl concentration. Among the 64 strains, Kimjae-10ho, Nongki-2-1ho, Myungyul, Byungneutari-1ho, Bupyungsoyae-1ho, Sambok and Chunchu-2ho resulted in higher mycelial growth and density on PDA medium containing NaCl. The maxium NaCl concentration possible to fruit body formation was 0.5% NaCl in Myungyul, 1.0% NaCl in Kimjae-10ho and Bupyungsoyae-1ho, 1.5% NaCl in Nongki-2-1ho, Byungneutari-1ho, Sambok and Chunchu-2ho, respectively. Increased NaCl concentration on sawdust medium prolonged culture period, while decreased total quantity and come to be short and thin in Length and thickness of stipe. Higher NaCl concentration in the medium decreased the uptake rate of K2O and CaO, whereas increased the NaCl uptake rate.

The sterile form of Inonotus obliquus is used for preparation of the medicine befungin that is effective in the treatment of gastritis, gastric ulcers, and several tumors. The fungus is known to be produced mainly on the stems of Betula platyphylla var. japonica that grows at high altitudinal (above 1,100 m) region in Korea. But, we found the mushroom on the stem of Betula costata at Mt. Jumbong in Korea. We isolated a pure culture of the fungus from the stem of B. costata by use of potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium with streptomycin. We could isolate the fungus from plant's tissue filled with hyphae, but not from other parts. The spore collected from the sclerotia showed 6.0∼10.0 × 4.5∼ 6.0㎛ in diameter, and the hypha was 2.5∼5.0㎛ in thickness. The colony showed irregular features and scattered yellow color at the center as the culture ages. We could find brownish setae at the yellow region of colony at 20 days of culture, and the size ranged 4∼6 × 100∼420㎛. The oatmeal agar (OA) provided best growth for I. obliquus among five media (CDA, CMA, MA, OA and PDA). Optimum temperature ranged 25∼30℃, and optimum pH was relatively alkaline with the range of pH 8.0∼9.5.

The results of studies for determining the nutrients sources of mycelial growth for optimal condition of Pleurotus cornucopiae are as follows; 1) Optimal carbon source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is maltose(357mg/25ml/15d); 2) Optimal nitrogen source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is peptone(347mg/25ml/15d); 3) Optimal organic acid source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is glutamic acid(389mg/25ml/15d); 4) Optimal vitamin source of mycelial growth of Pleurotus cornucopiae is biotin(399mg/15d); and 5) Optimal C/N ratio for mycelial growth for determining the condition of Pleurotus cornucopiae is 40(398mg/15d).

The research for incubation period, mycelial density, day required for primordial formation after inoculation(below DPI), number of valid stipes, individual weight and accumulation amounts of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae by treating 100, 200, 300, 400, 500(㎍/50g) of Na2SeO3 is following. Incubation periods of P. cornucopiae are 20~23 days per each low concentration treatment with Na2SeO3. Compared to the control which took 22 days of incubation period, it is reduced 1 or 2 days. Mycelial density of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 100 and 500㎍/50g is very compact. DPI of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 100 and 400㎍/50g was reduced 1 or 2days, but 500㎍/50g was increased 1 day. Number of valid stipes of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 100 and 400㎍/50g is between 19 and 20. It was increased 1 or 2, as compared to 18 of control, but 500㎍/50g was reduced to 1. Individual weight of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 100 and 400㎍/50g was between 129 and 138g/850cc. It was increased 4.9~12.2% as compared to 123g/850cc of the control but 500㎍/50g was 122g/50g. Accumulation amount of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 100 and 500 ㎍/50g was 2.73 ~ 8.19㎍/g/dry. It was increased 55~164 times as the concentration increased when compared to 0.05 ㎍/g/dry of the control. In conclusion, incubation period, mycelial density, DPI, number of valid stipes, individual weight and accumulation amounts of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae by treating 100,~ 400㎍/g of Na2SeO3 was increased, but 500 ㎍/50g was reduced. So more than 500㎍/50g concentration treatments are required research.

The research for incubation period, mycelial density, day required for primordial formation after inoculation(below DPI), number of valid stipes, individual weight and accumulation amounts of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae by treating 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000(㎍/50g) of Na2SeO3 is following. Incubation periods of P. cornucopiae are 25~30 days per each treatment with Na2SeO3. Compared to the control which took 22 days of incubation period, it is increased 3 or 8 days for the treatment of 600~1000㎍/50g. Mycelial density of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 600 and 1000㎍/50g is very similar with control. DPI of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 600 and 1000㎍/50g was increased 3 or 8 days. Number of valid stipes of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 600 and 1000㎍/50g was between 10 and 16. It was decreased 2 or 8 as compared to 18 of control. Individual weight of P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 600 and 1000㎍/50g was between 94 and 116g/850cc. It was decreased 5.7~23.5% as compared to 123g/850cc of the control. Accumulation amount of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae treated with Na2SeO3 between 600 and 1000㎍/50g was 9.1 ~ 10.8㎍/g/dry. It was increased 182~216 times as the concentration increased when compared to 0.05㎍/g/dry of the control. In conclusion, incubation period, mycelial density, DPI, number of valid stipes, individual weight and accumulation amounts of organic selenium for P. cornucopiae by treating 600~ 1000㎍/g of Na2SeO3 was decreased. So that the optimal treatment was less 400㎍/g than 600~ 1000㎍/g.

This study was carried out to investigate the biological activities of P. tenuipes formed on silkworm (Bombyx mori) variety. The mean content of total amino acid in the fruiting bodies of P. tenuipes was 1.03 mole/g. The distribution rate of amino acid components decreased in the order of Arginine(12.2%) ＞ Glycine(10.5%) ＞ Proline (9.6) ＞ Tyrosine(8.9%) ＞ Serine ＞ Leucine＞Threonine. The most abundant amino acid in the fruiting bodies of the Baegokjam, Chilbojam and Hachojam infected with P. tenuipes was arginine, while Yangwonjam was Glycine. The most abundant fatty acid in P. tenuipes was Oleic acid on a dry weight basis. The unsaturated fatty acids such as Oleic acid, Linoleic acid and Linolenic acid accounted for more than 78% of the total fatty acids.