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Due to rapid decrease in population of farming and fishing villages and drain of young rural manpower to the cities, aging is being intensified, and the conditions of housing and welfare of elderly households are inadequate. Currently, group home is being discussed as part of specialized housing and welfare support policy for the people in the vulnerable class with poor self-supporting abilities such as the aged living alone in farming and fishing villages, and aged farming and fishing households. So the purpose of this research is to present the basic data for proposing the policy of supplying group home through examining the realities of housing and welfare of the people in the vulnerable class in farming and fishing villages. Survey was conducted on the 4 regions -Cheonan-si, Gongju-si, Yesan-gun, and Seosan-si - whose apartments were all occupied by the residents among the group homes for the elderly living alone in Chungcheongnam-do and the following results were derived from the analysis on the data collected from the survey. First, great effects can be attained at small costs by reorganizing and utilizing the public facilities that are unused or little used and the existing houses that are exposed to risks due to improper maintenance. Second, it can be pointed out that the residential environment of the vulnerable members of society was improved without impairing the existing village landscape. Third, housing welfare was enhanced without investing a large sum of money and the system to promptly cope with negligent accidents and emergency can be built and operated. Fourth, the cases promoted to solve the problems of the poor, unhygienic, and unsafe housing of the elderly and the vulnerable members of society were very positive and well worthy of being presented as planning direction of future group homes in farming and fishing villages. Finally, if they are operated entirely for free, it will cause the lack of the sense of ownership and the problems in securing the budget, so the ways of paying minimum individual housing expenses should be examined. The alternatives of housing welfare for the vulnerable members of farming and fishing villages are needed and the ways of constructive planning and researches should be continuously made. Also, the government’s support policy should be actively promoted.

This study aims to examine and research the characteristics of apartment landscape at the street from a view that apartments are the major element of a cityscape and many apartments form a street today. Then, the subjects of this study were three sections consisting of streets in Namak New Town and the results were as follows. A streetscape is necessary to have identity under the unity(context) of parts which orient to "one as a whole". However, the subject apartments were not united(contextual) in layouts, roofs, and walls, whereas their facades appeared too united(contextual). Accordingly, to make a united(contextual) streetscape, the wall located in a boundary(a buffer zone) with public space which consists of a streetscape, building layout, building height, and roof forms need a design guideline which can have unity as a whole to connect with architectural design. On the other hand, the facade which was found too uniform should have a more active design guideline to elicit identity at unity.

Even though the existing urban residential district was obsolete and out of date in respects of physical environment, it is maintaining the function of dwelling. It ends up being regenerated as a viable urban residential district when improved the dwelling environment. Therefore, the government has been planning for the residential improvement projects for those areas applying for innovative ideas. But the government programs have often been troubled with people in the process of executing the projects or making a plan. In this respect, two parties couldn't communicate freely about the problem of those areas. So, the problematic issues of the areas should be shared with local residents at the beginning of decision making and the process of workshop participating local residents will be needed for understanding the standpoint of the residents. This study is to explore the potential of residents participating workshop to figure out current problems of the urban residential district in the process of executing the residential improvement project of Nakyang residence area in Sangju city. Upon investigation residents participating workshop is very practical in making a plan, but needs positive participation by resident and a decision making system dealing with the information shared and the understanding gained by participants.

The domestic rural villages have faced on the many problems in future society. The major purposes of this paper are to clarify in space program for the Rural Activating through the Urban-Rural Exchange. Firstly, it has examined the rural amenities of rural resources, such as natural surroundings, culture, history, landscape, economy, community power etc. Secondary, it was checked about analysis of operation programs corresponding to the rural resources. Thirdly, These space program of Urban-Rural Exchange, which has been archived process of spacial planning, was investigated the spacial conditions corresponding to the operation programs. To make Urban-Rural Exchange Center, it was necessary to analyze physical spacial size of building gross area, by data of cross checking with the area per capita and area per household in the rural village. According to the research, Urban-Rural Exchange Center was to be included visiting center, multipurpose room and dining room, exhibiting space, conference room, experience room, welfare space and specialized room with activation of rural village. However additional conditions are required that it is based on the sustainable development, environmentally friendly architecture both operation program and space program for the value of common society, citizen and villagers.

The agricultural population, the farming, the agriculture of our country has been decreased more rapidly than those of other countries. Also, the changing speed of the rural village in Korea has shown a similar trend. By considering the urbanization process and migration state caused by the economic growth and the increasing level of relative poverty in comparison with the urban area, it has been necessary to go through the impoverishment and slum-orientation of the rural area. In our country, the rural village became old age. So, the collapse is predicted to a population shortage if such trend is continued in the village society. according to investigate, Many urban peoples have opinion that migrates to a farm village. but those not migrate to rural community. The mainly reason is low life environment. therefore it is need the plan that the urban people migrates to a rural village, and must have the plan to be engaged in the agriculture. lt was the rural-fishing New Town development project that started in 2009 for 30～40 years's urban people. This study is about characteristic and improvement of Rural-Fishing New Town development project.

According to the master plan of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, departmentalized class system will be extended to all general middle & high schools by 2014 with the exception only of those having less than 6 classes located in small cities in rural areas. Under departmentalized class system, according to class timetable, students need to move from classroom to another classroom and areas where homebases, lounges, media spaces, rest places, and etc. This study has been undertaken to provide architectural data required in planning for student & learning support space for schools operating departmentalized class system, by investigating and analyzing cases in use at schools operating the system in Chungbuk area. As departmentalized class system is increasingly introduced, student & learning support space should be understood newly as spaces indispensable for students.

This study examined the changes in land use and the distribution characteristics of locational facilities in the downtown space of a small town and the following results were obtained. The population of the subject small town was 9,476 as of 2010 which accounts for 15.8%. of Yeongam-gun. Regarding to a period, the population has been continuously decreased by 20.4% on average. Regarding to age group, while young people of 30 and under have been decreased, old people of 60 and over have been increased, suggesting a rapid increase in old population. Regarding to the area by land classification in the subject small town, while land has been increased by 6.9% on average, forests and fields have been decreased. Regarding urban planning area, residential and commercial areas have been increased by 3.1% and 5.8% on average respectively. It suggests that a rural area(arable land) tends to be gradually decreased, whereas a urban area tends to be steadily increased. Regarding the number of layers of buildings in the subject downtown streets, while one and two stories accounted for most parts in 1977, one story has been decreased but two and three stories have been increased since 1987. Regarding the use of buildings, living convenient facilities such as sale/retail trade and service/restaurant showed high location. In particular, one story which influences street vitality showed high location in sale/retail trade and service/restaurant, but many empty stores were also shown.

Despite the high historical and topological values, closed schools are rarely reutilized. The reason can be likely explained by integrity of the building structure and unawareness of the operation and maintenance for closed schools. The purpose of this study is finding a possibility of reusing closed schools by deploying SI (Skeleton and Infill) theory. SI theory is separating the "skeleton" like structure from "infill" such as interior furnishings to extend building life without complete demolishing of the building. It will allow satisfying various local community demands by alternating infill without demolishing of historical and topological value of the building. The experimental test was undertaken with closed school for this study. The local community’s demands or opinions were reflected to develop a strategy for deploying infill system especially movable storage furniture to closed school. The study finds possibilities that SI theory can assist local community to 1) construct potential demand for utilizing closed school and 2) suggest strategy for operating and maintaining closed school.

The main characteristic of one tower style temple on flatland, as a type of early buddhist temple, is to have been built on level ground near the capital city with their intent to be connected with power group in those days. Two kind of one tower temples on flatland had mostly been constructed: Wondang(longing temple) and National temple, and they greatly contributed to popularization of Buddhism. So, the purpose of this study is to analyze the examples of one tower temple plot planning made by centering around Puyeo district of Sabi dynasty, and in another aspects, examine the influence on our traditional temple architecture and the meaning of Korean traditional architecture, because it is the most important thing among Korean traditional architecture. This study is significant because we have researched in the documents and fruit of an excavation about one tower style temple in Puyeo district in Sabi dynasty, so it will be helpful in studying Buddhist temple architecture system in Puyeo district in Sabi dynasty.

The purpose of this study is to understand a architectural characteristics of local church in Virginia, U. S. This study focuses on not only analyzing the worship and service program inherent in the site planning of local church but also introducing worship service space and chancel elements of it in the village of garden area. We surveyed five protestant churches where are located in suburban and rural area outside of Midlothian city in the early August, 2010. I surveyed church building site and worship service space of churches focused on platform design, interviewed the historical background and program of churches with ministers, and corrected annual calender and newsletter. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristics of site plan have a comfortable parking lots and site of churchyard(cemetery) with playground that can take an activities out of chapel. The axis of church building follows to front street. Second, worship services keep two types of traditional and comtemporary worship in order to consider of both adult and youth members. The worship hall has a balance of bilateral symmetry. Third, the form of platform is built that is able to perform a music drama and movement of sermon without only one church, GraceLand Church that church building has over fifty years, and they stick to simple traditional type of Chancel that is established by pulpit, table(altar), baptistery(only baptist church), music instruments, and so on.