Earticle

Cloud services have become a trend, because many companies are supplying various cloud services that reflect the needs of users. However, as cloud services increase, security problems, such as saved data spills and data modulation, also increase. This paper focuses on the problem of data integrity. A PDP (Provable Data Possession) scheme has the disadvantage of time overheads, because dynamic data needs additional processing time. To solve the problem, this paper examines the use of a Counting Bloom Filter for updating data. This technique is more efficient than using PDP when changing part of the data in a simulation. The result is more effective if the saved data changes part of the dynamic data.

This experiment takes phaeozem paddy field as the object of study to research for the optimum water and fertilizer application scheme for mitigation of N2O emissions. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and irrigation rate on N2O emissions in growing season under controlled irrigation was analyzed by four-factor quadratic saturation D-optimum design scheme, using the method of static chamber-gas chromatographic techniques. The results showed that nitrogen had most significant effects for N2O emissions in growing season and the increase of nitrogen showed promotion effects for N2O emissions; the effects of phosphorus and potassium were not obvious; the increase of irrigation promoted N2O emissions at an earlier stage but inhibited it latter. In consideration of yield, an optimum management plan of water and fertilizer was suggested for N2O reduction by 0%~20%, that was 114.72 kg/hm2 for nitrogen, 50.25 kg/hm2 for potassium, 17.64 kg/hm2 for phosphorus, 80% for relative soil water content at late tilling stage. Under this scheme, the yield was 79.23 g/pot, with an increase rate of about 19.6% (compared with the control group); the emission load was 0.095 g/m2 in growing season, with an reduction rate of about 8% (compared with the control group).

This paper proposes an efficient implementation of digital up and down conversion for Software Defined Radio (SDR) using Model-Based Design (MBD). In particular, a novel flow for designing digital up and down conversion is detailed. Using MBD, a system model is at the center of the development process, from requirement development, through design, implementation, and testing. Using MBD, code can be automatically generated for system and create test benches for system verification, which is saving time and avoiding the introduction of manually coded errors. Design example shows that the proposed method can greatly reduce the complexity of digital up and down conversion while providing the efficient and reliability of design flow.

Forgery detection techniques are required to verify the authenticity of the digital images. The additional noise is the most general way to hide the traces of the tampering done to the image. Original images which do not undergo any alterations are supposed to have a consistency in noise variation. If the image is forged, the noise no longer remains consistent throughout the image. In this paper, a method is proposed to detect the forgery based upon noise estimation and hog feature extraction. The image is first converted to YIQ colorspace, and then the block segmentation is performed on Y component of the YIQ image. Noise is estimated using PCA and hog features are extracted from each block of the image. An unsupervised clustering method is used to cluster the blocks of the image. The experimental results show that the proposed technique detects forged images more effectively as compared to previous method based only on noise estimation.

The multi-sensor information fusion predictive control algorithm for discrete-time linear time-invariant stochastic control system is presented in this paper. This algorithm combines the fusion steady-state Kalman filter with the predictive control. It avoids the complex Diophantine equation and it can obviously reduce the computational burden. The algorithm can deal with the multi-sensor discrete-time linear time-invariant stochastic controllable system based on the linear minimum variance optimal information fusion criterion. The fusion method includes the centralized fusion, matrices weighted and the covariance intersection fusion. Under the linear minimum variance optimal information fusion criterion, the calculation formula of optimal weighting coefficients have be given in order to realize matrices weighted. To avoid the calculation of cross-covariance matrices, another distributed fusion filter is also presented by using the covariance intersection fusion algorithm, which can reduce the computational burden. And the relationship between the accuracy and the computation complexities among the three fusion algorithm are analyzed. Compared with the single sensor case, the accuracy of the fused filter is greatly improved. A simulation example of the target tracking controllable system with two sensors shows its effectiveness and correctness.

We present a method of recognizing hand gestures using RGB values, depth value, hand center coordinates, and finger counting data from Microsoft’s Kinect for implementing the immersive hand interface to overcome inconvenience using HMD. First, we set the RGB values and depth range to detect the hand. This processing can improve recognition rate. Then, through double labeling, outside labeling, and inside labeling, we detect the hand without noise. Then, we use the distance vector to obtain the hand center. It also removes everything except the hand area, including removal of the wrist. After detection of the hand, we use HNMA (Multi Information-Hippocampus Neuron Modeling Algorithm) to recognize the hand gesture. This algorithm helps to improve the recognize rate. It is difficult to use the interface when using an HMD (Head Mount Display) display machine. This algorithm can make an immersive environment.

A novel approach to feature selection is proposed for data space defined over continuous features. This approach can obtain a subset of features, such that the subset features can discriminate class labels of objects and the discriminant ability is prior or equivalent to that of the original features, so to effectively improve the learning performance and intelligibility of the classification model. According to the spatial distribution of objects and their classification labels, a data space is partitioned into subspaces, each with a clear edge and a single classification label. Then these labelled subspaces are projected to each continuous feature. The measurement of each feature is estimated for a subspace against all other subspace-projected features by means of statistical significance. Through the construction of a matrix of the measurements of the subspaces by all features, the subspace-projected features are ranked in a descending order based on the discriminant ability of each feature in the matrix. After evaluating a gain function of the discriminant ability defined by the best-so-far feature subset, the resulting feature subset can be incrementally determined. Our comprehensive experiments on the UCI Repository data sets have demonstrated that the approach of the subspace-based feature ranking and feature selection has greatly improved the effectiveness and efficiency of classifications on continuous features.

To solve the problem of moving object detecting in the wide field, this paper establishes a new artificial compound imaging system and proposes moving object detection algorithm. According to the unique principle of receiving and processing of visual information from animal compound-eye, the model of artificial imaging system consists of a micro-lens array and CCD device with planar array, captures dynamic image sequences in the different azimuth, and assures its advantages of long-distance and wide-range detection and good image effect. In order to get the motion vector of moving object, researches the characteristics of background in the relevant imaging sequence, discusses the mechanism of processing visual information, the estimation algorithm adopt the high-pass filter processing after making the three-dimensional space transformation to reduce the disturbance of noise and enhance the effect of background suppression firstly. The motion vectors of dynamic object is obtained by processing the relevant imaging sequence with the maximum correlation coefficient, refers to the EMD array. Preliminary experimental results for target tracking shown that the artificial compound imaging system and moving object detection algorithm is practical and effective, and which has a highly practical application value.

A factor seriously endangers the people health is falling, particularly for patients and the elderly. Fall detection systems contribute in preventing the consequences of the late medical aid and injuries endangering the people health. The main problem within fall detection systems is how to correctly distinguish between a fall and the other daily activities. There are various types of fall detection systems each of which has different advantages and disadvantages. Wireless motion-sensor based systems such as accelerometer and gyroscope provide higher efficiency with lower limits. This study introduces a new fall detection method employing motion sensors in smart phones to collect data due to the ease of access and application. To provide high efficiency for people with various ages and conditions, this method also takes advantages of adaptive-fuzzy neural networks for learning and inference. These methods correctly detect all 4 types of fall from 9 main daily activity groups.

Disassemble and re-manufacturing is an important way to save energy. Sequence planning is the core issue of disassemble. In this study, disassemble model has been established based on the analysis of disassemble route planning and disassemble sequence. The disassemble sequence optimization based on genetic algorithms has been carried out. In the gear pump disassemble sequence, for example, an illustrative example, proposed in this study to verify the disassemble sequence planning based on electromechanical product recovery process optimization genetic.

In view of the improper injector--producer spacing and low producing degree of low-permeability reservoir, according to water flooding characteristics of low-permeability with invert 9-spot well pattern, areal sweeping efficiency formula was adopted to calculate the areal sweeping efficiency for reservoir area; multiple linear regression was used to fit the mathematic model of areal sweeping efficiency, which was then used to work out the critical injector producer spacing under different injection-production pressure difference. Meanwhile, effective drainage factor was also used to calculate critical injector producer spacing, whose credibility of fitting data more than 95%. The computed results can be used to adjust the injector producer spacing of poor reservoirs and improve production efficiency of thin and poor reservoirs. Comparison of the data that include differential pressure, permeability, threshold pressure gradient, reasonable injection-production well pattern and space. etc from one block, in which injection pressure is high and difficult injection, which adjust well pattern and space can alleviate injection-production problem, and also estimation all the factors except water-sensitivity. etc.

Signage is one of the most commonly used methods of advertisement. There is no business that does not have a sign. Traditionally, signage is static, in that content of the sign can never be changed. Nowadays, they use liquid-crystal displays and light-emitting diode–based video displays so that digital images, video and even streaming media can be dynamically displayed. While digital signage systems are quickly replacing traditional signage, Internet protocol television (IPTV) systems are also widespread. Components of an IPTV system include a content management system and a broadcast management system, among others. These components of IPTV systems can be used to provide content to digital signage displays as well as IPTV terminals. Therefore, this paper proposes a digital signage system based on an IPTV system.

An algorithm was proposed to generate automatically embedded image. With the use of outline matching and shape deformation, the proposed method can insert an interior object with partial deformation into an outer object image, having better results by considering the cavity of the outer object. The embedded object is easily observed because its color is opposite to the outer object while the outer object’s cavity can be part of the interior object. By designing method which is applied to express object’s edge strength, the matching result of the algorithm can be optimized.

Recent development in the areas of information and communication detonated the emergence of a new paradigm of ubiquitous and smart environment. A ubiquitous environment is a technology that the computer and communication are to control and monitor all the matters without human’s direct involvement in control. So this paper purports to explain about the general installation method and the efficacy and how to use the monitor and control system in the growing environment by using the wireless sensor network technology, and to design and propose the smart farming system with convenience and easiness to use even in the narrow environments.

For hyperspectral remote sensing image denoising, this paper proposed image denoising based on non-local low-rank dictionary learning. The basic idea of algorithm is to use strong relativity of all wave bands of hyperspectral remote sensing image with local self-similarity and local sparsity of image to improve the denoising performance. First of all, combined with the strong relativity, non-local self-similarity and local sparsity, non-local low-rank dictionary learning is established. Then iterative method is used to solve the model to get redundant dictionary and sparsity to represent coefficient. Finally, redundant dictionary and sparsity is used to express restored image of coefficient. Compared with the existing advanced algorithm, by making full use of strong relativity each band of hyperspectral image, it makes the algorithm obtain the information on details to well keep the hyperspectral remote sensing image, to improve the visual effect. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm in this paper.

The experimental study on water drop’s impacting characteristics on typical wettability of surface of plant leaves (lotus leaf, piemarker, etc) has been taken in this paper, mainly including: the impacting process of water drops on the surface of lotus leaf and piemarker was shot by high-speed camera; the impacting distance of water drops on the surface of lotus leaf with different heights was measured by self-made slope. The results show that: (1) water drop has good wettability on the surface of piemarker, while it can bounce for several times on the surface of lotus leaf; the morphologic change of water drop during impacting process was observed and the energy dissipation process was analyzed; (2) water drop’s impacting distance on different slopes with different dip angles presents linear relation with the dripping distance. This study has laid certain foundation for realizing water drop’s controlled motion on the surface with super hydrophobicity.

Using GIS principles this study attempts to review abandoned buildings situated in Khabarovsk city, analyze them and their surroundings in terms of present condition, accessibility and other criteria to select appropriate site for creating Public Art Center where citizens could develop their art skills and share them with others. Also in this study was collected simple geographical data that could be helpful in analyses of renewable resources potential as in different parts of Khabarovsk and in the whole city. During the study process were reviewed worldwide examples of abandoned buildings regeneration, methods of energy consumption reduction in newly built facilities, principles and objectives in creating public places and methods of analyzing data in GIS program. Also on the base of different kinds of city maps such as land use map, road map and geographical map were prepared attribute tables with various criteria and their characterizations, which are important for studied city spaces analyses. As a result was proposed model that could be created in GIS and was shown the whole process of specific site selection with implementation of various program tools. Furthermore was made model map that shows graphically all project steps and provides easier understanding of whole analyses process.

In order to further improve motion video target tracking and detection accuracy, a motion video tracking algorithm based on memory watershed disc gradient expansion template is proposed in this article. Firstly, heterodromous diffusion is executed to preprocess the motion video image in order to reduce the noise interference in the motion target tracking and detection process, and meanwhile the differential operation and the morphological operation are executed to extract and operate the outer profile of the motion object. Secondly, in allusion to the excessive division in the watershed algorithm, target marking and division of the watershed algorithm are realized on the basis of characteristic memory, and the accurate detection of the motion target is realized on the basis of the disc gradient expansion template. Finally, according to the experimental comparison, the algorithm proposed in this article can be applied in the complex background detection of the motion target, and such algorithm can not only improve the motion target detection accuracy, but also significantly improve computation speed.

This study was done to develop and evaluate comprehensive web based learning program for improving learning ability in the nursing process of nursing students. We evaluated the contents based on the sufficient teaching materials and developed the process for implementation of the educational system. The study was focused on developing guidelines applicable to any clinical situation using a framework of links among all nursing diagnoses, outcomes, and interventions. This study was used a descriptive study and the participants were 62 nursing students. There were significant differences of achievement of learning objectives, application to work, according to the frequency of program use. Therefore, this results indicate that the web based learning nursing process program is effective in improving will help to strengthen learning calculation ability of nursing students in nursing process. Further study should be done develop additional program for improving application.

We reported an unusual homicidal case in which a 40-year-old woman was deceived into drinking a cup of milk that had 72 tablets of estazolam (2mg/tablet) dissolved in, and then being injected heroin aqueous solution on the right deltoid region by the criminal. At autopsy, pinpoint pupils and a new injection site on the right deltoid region were found. The pathologic pictures showed multiple patchy hemorrhages and considerable amounts of foreign amorphous substance with yellow appearance at the injection site. Some double refracting crystals with the forms of Maltese cross, acicular, rhomb or irregular were found by polarizing microscope, which may result from the diluent in heroin such as starch. Toxicological qualitative analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) demonstrated the presence of benzodiazepine and morphine in blood and urine, and heroin in the injector left at scene. Quantitative analysis was also performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), providing the data on distribution of 6-monoacetylmorphine, morphine and estazolam in the woman’s body. And the cause of death was determined to polydrug heroin-related deaths due to the combined poisoning of heroin and estazolam. It taught a lesson that the determination of other drugs, particularly central nervous system depressants in heroin poisoning were quite important in forensic expertise.

In this study, we introduce a new media access control (MAC) protocol that adaptively changes time division multiple access (TDMA) frame size and slot duration in order to upgrade performance of underwater sensor networks. Throughput of underwater sensor networks is very low compared to a radio frequency (RF) network; the reason is a very long propagation delay and a very low bit rate. To solve these problems, we modified the TDMA protocol and introduce a new TDMA MAC protocol (aTDMA). Basically, the TDMA MAC protocol provides a time slot to each node, and the node transmits data in the allocated time slot so transmission does not collide with another node’s transmission. But if a node has no data, it wastes its slot. For the propagation delay in underwater acoustic sensor networks, the length of each slot is very long, so the waste of a slot can cause a serious reduction in performance. The proposed protocol, aTDMA, can remove the wasting of slot times and can change slot duration according to the distance between nodes. Through experiments, aTDMA shows better performance than the conventional TDMA MAC protocol.

To deal with rough image region segmentation results, a common method of bag-of-words in statistical text is proposed in the paper. The method splits regional objects to numerous small image blocks, from which rough semantic concepts of regional objects are fetched; then, through the application of multi-instance learning idea and computation of type confidence degree of each rough semantic concept, the impacts of type errors on such concepts can be effectively eliminated, and thus feature semantic concepts of various regional object type are obtained.

To reduce the landing risk of carrier-based aircraft during wave-off maneuvering, this paper introduced a generalized design manner of safe wave-off area. Wave-off maneuvering procedure and force should be analyzed, and safe wave-off area near from touchdown and safe wave-off area far from touchdown would be defined. Compositing traditional wave-off criterion, a generalized design manner of safe wave-off area is presented. The model simulation results indicate the better performance of the design one and the influence of safe wave-off area with velocity and interference rate of descend had been researched.

Public surveillance monitoring is rapidly finding its way into Intelligent Surveillance System. Street crime is increasing in recent years, which has demanded more reliable and intelligent public surveillance system. In this paper, the ability and the accuracy of an Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) was investigated for the classification of moving objects for street scene applications. The goal of this paper is to classify the moving objects prior to its communal attributes that emphasize on three major processes which are object detection, discriminative feature extraction, and classification of the target. The intended surveillance application would focus on street scene, therefore the target classes of interest are pedestrian, motorcyclist, and car. The adaptive network based on Neuro-fuzzy was independently developed for three output parameters, each of which constitute of three inputs and 27 Sugeno-rules. Extensive experimentation on significant features has been performed and the evaluation performance analysis has been quantitatively conducted on three street scene dataset, which differ in terms of background complexity. Experimental results over a public dataset and our own dataset demonstrate that the proposed technique achieves the performance of 93.1% correct classification for street scene with moving objects, with compared to the solely approaches of neural network or fuzzy.

The horizontal shading is one part of the buildings, outside shading systems. Relative sun elevation angle to the wall Φ , and relative sun azimuthal angle to the wall γ are introduced. The optimum width for the southern shading of local buildings can be calculated according to the law of solar altitude change over time. In this research, relative sun elevation angle to the wall Φ is key for design parameters determination of horizontal shading component. The present study optimized the design of the horizontal shading on the basis of the traditional design. The new design of the visor could still shade the exceeding sunlight in summer, but at the same time allow enough sunshine in winter. This design is environmental-friendly, energy and material-saving.

Taking the Business College of Beijing Union University as an example, a survey and an in-depth study on the application of Blackboard system for College students about their learning attitudes, experiences, expectations and satisfaction was carried out. The study aims at 5 parts: the safety and stability of system platform, the aesthetics of interface design and accuracy of navigation, the richness and update of resources, the interaction and cooperation between the teachers and students, and the monitoring timely in the whole learning process. Based on the 5 aspects, the views and satisfaction of the respondents’ Blackboard system application were investigated and analyzed between different genders, different learning attitudes, different grades and different majors. The results showed that, in general, the students were satisfied with the overall situation of the construction and application of the Blackboard. However, for some of the 5 parts, significant differences were shown between different gender, different learning attitudes, different grades and different majors. The results of the survey provide a certain reference and some suggestions for teachers to further improve the Blackboard-based courses construction and management, and finally enhance students' satisfaction.

This study aims to clarify the relation between the information hierarchy and screen transition as a feedback element for user experience in terms of user sensitivity and presence in a user-centered design environment of smart-phone visual perception based on theoretical researches. The result shows that the information hierarchy includes transitions from top to bottom, return, and transitions in the same hierarchical structure. As for tasks depending on the information hierarchy and transition styles, most tasks are sequential movement for depth entry, movement from top to bottom, and return to the previous screen. In a mobile device environment, since containing and structuralizing certain information on a small screen is important, the sequential structure needs transition effects for instant movement within the same configuration. As for tasks depending on the information hierarchy and transition styles, most tasks are sequential movement for depth entry, movement from top to bottom, and return to the previous screen. In a mobile device environment, the flip transition effect based on slides that feature the high transition rates is frequently used. Besides, transition from top to bottom and 'Move' and 'Scale' that have the concept of 'Layer' are also often utilized. As such, screen transition mainly for inter-depth movement is the major usage, but it is affected by the types, specifications of the used devices, internet access means and speed, etc.

This paper studies power efficient image processing method for power consuming display device. Power is consumed by display device and its portion is large. We developed unsharp masking under power-constrained condition. For this system, we assume an image is dark with low contrast. The presented unsharp masking adopts high pass filter, Butterworth filter, and histogram equalization. Simulation results compare visual performance in several power-constrained conditions with factors of n. Results show that the proposed method achieved good visual quality and significant power saving performance.