Earticle

With the growth of location-based services (LBS), location-based data is a crucial role for many sensor-network applications. Although the conversion of data formats in heterogeneous sensor networks has been studied extensively, the integration of spatial data models is not well understood, which is important to understand the semantics of spatial data in sensor networks. To determine the spatial data integration in model level, we have investigated the cognitive model of spatial information, the conceptual model of space phenomena, and the logic of spatial data management mode, leading to the integration of various spatial data sets from the view of model integration. Furthermore, we provide a method for the effective storage and management of massive and multi-source heterogeneous spatial data. Ultimately, the experimental result shows that the method offers a better way of model integration that cannot be achieved with existing schemes.

Multi-media education system is more and more widely used in all levels of education. In order to decrease cost of multi-media system and keep efficiency with increasing multi-media materials, proxy cache algorithm has been widely studied. Based on analysis of existing research of proxy cache results, an improved proxy coaching strategy of prefix cache and postfix merging is proposed. The strategy can dynamically adjust prefix cache size with the object access change. A more effective method of steaming merging has been proposed with multicast used in postfix portion. The results show that the improved strategy can effectively utilize proxy cache resource, shorten time delay and save band width.

A 3D map provides useful information for various services. Traditional 3D maps, however, consist of a raw image data and are not suitable for real-time applications. In this paper, we propose a block-based 3D map, which forms three dimensional spaces in a collection of cubic blocks. The block-based 3D map has two major parameters: an object ratio and a block size. The object ratio is defined as the rate of object pixels to air-filled pixels within a block and determines the type of a block. The block size determines actual length of the side of a cubic block and is a matter of resolution and focal distance of images. Experimental results show benefits of the block-based 3D map in reducing sensitivity to noise and in saving amounts of data to be processed. Block-based 3D maps would support a variety of new services by providing additional information to image data in intelligent real-time applications.

HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS) has become a prevailing technology for media delivery nowadays. It enables high quality streaming of media content over the internet delivered from conventional HTTP web servers. However, its on-off traffic pattern constructed by segmented transmission can lead to some performance problems, such as instability, inefficiency and unfairness, while multiple clients compete for limit bandwidth. And the reason caused these poor performance has been pointed out in the past studies. In this paper, we present a QoE-aware traffic shaping method that is based on two QoE maximization metrics. A key benefit of this approach is that it calculates optimal shaping rate to help clients to adjust its request for subsequent segment quality level. Additionally, this method can ensure optimal quality of experience toward end users. The simulation results show that this proposed approach improves the stability, utilization and provides the optimal quality of experience for large number of users.

Automatically acquiring semantic verb classes from corpora is a challenging task, especially with no existing treebank. Building a high-performing parser for a language is still crucially depends on the existence of large, in-domain texts as training data. While previous work has focused primarily on major languages, how to extend these results to other languages is the way to avoid working start from scratch. In general, a large monolingual corpus in a resource-rich source language labeled with lexico-syntactic information, and a very limited bilingual corpus are available. This paper addresses the problem of verb classification automatically in Tibetan using bilingual lexicon and translation information.

The design, simulation and fabrication of a P-shaped monopole antenna for wireless body area networks (WBAN) applications is presented in this paper. It is noted that the radiation characteristics was improved by attaching a P-shaped element to the ground plane. The simulation of the proposed antenna in the free space and close proximity of body surface has been done using CST Microwave Studio. The proposed antenna is designed on the FR4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and 1.6mm thickness; and the operating frequency band is between 3.1 to 5.1GHz. The final optimized design has dimensions of 32mm ×28mm. The proposed antenna improves the gain of close proximity of body surface. In addition, the antenna improves the reflection coefficient when placed close human body compared to other antennas. It was observed that there is good agreement between the simulation and measurement results, thereby showing that the antenna is potential to be deployed for WBAN application.

In order to guarantee the preciseness and scientific nature of Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) machine tools appearance design, appearance design evaluation has to be made on CNC machine tools so as to change the randomness and uncertainty existed in traditional appearance design, and to establish a scientific method for CNC machine tools appearance design that meets the modern aesthetic needs. The evaluation index of hierarchical structure has been set up from four aspects as stylization, form-orientation, colorization and agreeableness that may influence the appearance design, adopting both qualitative and quantitative methods; weight for each evaluation index has been determined in accordance with Analytic Hierarchy Process ; and a two-level fuzzy synthetic evaluation model for CNC machine tools appearance design evaluation has been made and a comprehensive evaluation has been conducted through fuzzy mathematical method. By analyzing the appearance design of 2MKM95 series CNC precision vertical universal machine tools determined by Tianjin No.2 Machine Tool Corporation, this paper illustrates the preciseness and scientific nature of fuzzy synthetic evaluation model.

Emergency alert and messaging systems are commonly employed to serve users when emergency situation occurs. Emergency situations require utmost importance in terms of nearness, speed and accuracy of response. However, most of the researches in literature are incapable of deriving accurate and efficient response to a user query leaving most of solutions to be location based. We see that utilization of user’s context information and social network relations can further improve emergency alert systems. With this opportunity, we proposed an approach that utilizes important context information to provide accurate and fast response to an occurring emergency. This proposed framework is applicable for both low (e.g. flat tire and vehicle repair) and high domain danger types (e.g. fire and natural calamities) emergency situation. Within its architecture, we identify several key factors such as participatory scheme, context management, and service management with decision support rules that enable the development of an efficient and practical framework for emergency situations.

In domestic livestock industry, economic damages of livestock farmhouses have been increased because the livestock mortality rate grows due to the spread of infectious animal diseases. The main cause of animal disease spread is a lack of systems to manage livestock vehicles transporting livestock or feed etc. This paper proposes a livestock vehicle management system based on Android for solving such a problem. The proposed system could prevent the spread of animal diseases in advance by collecting and analyzing the moving routes and access information of livestock-related vehicles. It could monitor moving routes of the contamination-suspected vehicles that visited a farm where the animal disease broke out. It is expected to prevent the livestock disease spread in advance through prompt initial prevention such as controlling the movement of vehicles by systematically collecting and managing information on vehicles accessing to livestock farmhouses through this system.

In this paper, multi-intelligent agent architecture has been proposed for automatic knowledge extraction from its resources (domain experts and text documents). The extracted knowledge should be stored in a knowledge base to be used later by knowledge-based systems. This article aims to produce an effective knowledge base by cooperation between expert mining and text mining techniques. Firstly, we are constructing an Expert Mining Intelligent Agent (EMIA) able to interview with domain experts for mining problem solving knowledge as production rules in a specific diagnosis domain. It is also responsible for extracting the patterns or linguistic expressions and save it in a conceptual database. Secondly, we are constructing a Text Mining Intelligent Agent (TMIA) capable of extracting production rules from a text document corpus. The achievement of that extraction can be performed by a text document categorization based on a traditional term weighting scheme (TF-IDF) and using the Stanford parser to analyze and produce a parsing tree for each sentence in that document. Then, the TMIA looks for all causal words and takes them as separation words to generate patterns and sub-patterns based on the conceptual database. Finally, the TMIA stores those patterns and sub-patterns in a pre-formatted template and displays it to a domain expert for a modification process to construct accurate production rule.

Information Technology enabled Organizational Transformation (ITOT) persists as an important issue for researchers and practitioner of information systems. Although the usage variety is interesting and potentially significant, the discourse surrounding OT remains poorly explicated in terms of both meaning and relationship with other related concepts. Several models have been developed in the literature to facilitate understanding of the process by how information technology enables fundamental organizational transformation. On the basis of critical analysis and synthesis of available literature, this paper proposes an integrative theoretical framework that captures and extends relevant theories and concepts around IT enabled OT. The four types of transforming organization appearing in the quadrants of the proposed matrix are: (1) Innovative transformer, (2) Dynamic transformer, (3) Quick-run organization, and (4) Learning organization.

SmartWork as a new job organization paradigm for companies and employees has greatly increased in both popularity and use in recent years. SmartWork is a new way of working and living way that is not fixed in terms of time or location. It involves working from home or nearly anywhere, enabled by an increased reliance upon mobile based telecommunication technologies to conduct work activities. Despite the increased use of SmartWork in some organizations and the continued efforts by government, the reality is that barriers to the implementation of SmartWork have remained relatively consistent over time. Based on a literature review of research in SmartWork, this paper identifies these potential challenges faced by companies to developing and implementing a successful SmartWork program.

A non-contact gesture recognition algorithm for smart device application using electronic disturbance is proposed in this paper. Our method secures an enough recognition distance for real smart TV application. Input patterns of the non-contact electrometer EPIC (Electric Potential Integrated Circuit) sensors are projected into two dimensional movements in a preconditioning process. Change of surrounding electronic field caused by moving hands has been observed mainly around band of 10Hz. Butterworth IIR filter, and Kalman filter are used to minimize the signal noises. Our proposed recognition process using PCA, K-Mean, and adaptive DTW algorithms can successfully identify five different gestures with more than 90% correct classification rate.

Balancing the performance and the energy consumption of the servers is one of the important issues in large-scale computing infrastructure such as data centers. Measuring or accurately estimating power consumption of a server is one of the most fundamental and enabling technologies for enhancing energy efficiency of a server because how the server consumes the supplied power is essential for constructing a power management policy. For the purpose, power models for server systems have been extensively studied. However, most of existing works are too complex to be used real-time, because gathering the data for estimating the power consumption causes much overhead. In this paper, we propose a simple power model for a multicore server. Our model is simple enough to gather only four parameters: operating frequency, the number of active cores, the number of cache accesses and the number of the last level cache misses. We show our model is simple but relatively accurate by experiments that show the model has over 90% accuracy.

Eduroam is a Wi-Fi roaming system which allows a user of a domain to access wireless resources in another domain with the unique credential of the user managed in the original domain. Eduroam employs a hierarchical tree structure of RADIUS servers to provide a scalable authentication procedure over wide area networks. However, the tree structure of RADIUS servers causes long latency of remote authentication procedures, and the single point of failures can be issued. In this paper, we propose a flat layer approach to build a network of RADIUS servers in order to reduce the delay of remote authentication procedures and eliminate the concern of the single point of failures. In the flat layer approach, each RADIUS server knows the information of all the other RADIUS servers through a domain mapping table. The domain mapping table is updated whenever the membership of the network of RADIUS servers is changed. To make the updating operation of domain mapping tables more efficient and faster, DHT based broadcasting approach is used. Through an implementation based evaluation, we show that our flat layer approach is efficient and viable in practice.

Several computing paradigms have promised to deliver this computing vision, of which the latest one is known as Cloud computing. The term of cloud denotes the infrastructure as a “Cloud” from which businesses and users are able to access applications from anywhere in the world on demand. Cloud Computing is a new paradigm for the provision of computing infrastructure, and provides all the resources including networks, servers, storage, applications, and services as a service. This paradigm shifts the location of this infrastructure to the network to reduce the costs associated with the management of hard-ware and software resources. This paper intends to provide comprehensive review on Cloud computing in terms standardization in de jure standardization organizations such as ITU-T and JTC1, and de facto standardization organizations.

Triangular patterns phase shifting profilometry is a method of structured light whose three-dimensional reconstructions are susceptible to error from gamma distortion. In practice, the luminance nonlinearity caused by the gamma distortion effect of a digital projector and a digital camera yields undesired fringe intensity changes, which substantially reduce the measurement accuracy, and while the effects of the gamma distortion diminish with an increasing number of employed phase-shifted patterns. A gamma correction method based on the pre-coding of projected grating is proposed to reduce the measurement error caused by the gamma distortion. By applying an appropriate pre-coding value to the projected patterns, the gamma distortion effect is attenuated and the accuracy is enhanced. The linear least square is compensated the absolute coordinate residuals still existing after gamma correction. To verify the presented method in this paper, a 3D shape measurement experimental system is constructed using digital video projector and CCD camera. The experiment results shown that, the gamma pre-coding correction reduce the maximum residuals error of absolute coordinate by 72.2%. After the linear least square compensation, the maximum absolute coordinate residual is only 6.1% of without any correction or compensation. The reconstruction surface of a complex curve surface is hardly any waviness, which is clearly noted in the reconstruction of the same tested object without any correction or compensation.

Choong-Jang-Ro has been a central place for a long time in Gwang-ju, but it was on the decline recently. For activation of Choong-Jang-Ro, an app to let people know it on state-of-the-art devices needs to be developed. To achieve this objective, we propose the prototype design of an app for Choong-Jang-Ro. Our proposed app has 4 services including a story telling service, a service to provide information related to Choong-Jang-Ro, a social network service, and a service to recommend tour course. Our app utilizes a technology of augmented reality. We implement our app based on the design of user interface and database. In the future, we will upgrade our app to launch on a commercial market.

Processing very large graphs efficiently is a challenging task. Distributed graph processing systems process the billion-scale graphs efficiently but incur overheads of partitioning and distribution of the large graph over a cluster of nodes. In order to overcome these problems a disk-based engine, GraphChi was proposed recently that processes the graph in chunks on a single PC. GraphChi significantly outperformed all the representative distributed processing frameworks. Still, we observe that GraphChi incurs some serious degradation in performance due to 1) high number of non-sequential I/Os for processing every chunk of the graph; and 2) limited parallelism to process the graph. In this paper, we propose a novel engine named BiShard Parallel Processor (BSPP) to efficiently process billions-scale graphs on a single PC. We introduce a new storage structure BiShard. BiShard divides the large graph into subgraphs and maintains the in and out edges separately. This storage mechanism significantly reduces the number of non-sequential I/Os. We implement a new processing model named BiShard Parallel (BSP) on top of Bishard. BSP exploits the properties of Bishard to enable full CPU parallelism for processing the graph. Our experiments on real large graphs show that our solution significantly outperforms GraphChi.

Traditional surveillance system sent images from network camera to the management server and saved the images in a hard disk. These surveillance systems might have some problems when they are used for a large space like a parking lot. These problems are a lot of network cameras, wide traffic bandwidth and a large amount of disk spaces. This paper proposed the system by compression and decompression method using omnidirectional camera. The decompressor produces spread images of the near and far slice from the circular shaped original images which are stored at every one second by the compressor. In case of open-roof places it produces reversal images for right view. As an implementation and test, the proposed system shows a lot of efficiencies in number of cameras and disk spaces.

With the development of computer technology, computer numerical simulation has become one of the three major scientific methods in metallurgy field. Its basic idea is to achieve the simulation of metallurgical process and the design optimization through mathematical modeling, numerical dissertation and computer programming. Referring to the reaction model of theory of porous media within gas and solid, this research focuses on the selective reduction process in mixture vessel of fine iron and carbon, taking into consideration of heat transfer equation of porous medium, the rate equation of carbon gasified reaction, the equation of continuity, and the momentum equation and so on, and establishes a micro dynamics mathematical model of the selective reduction process of fine iron and carbon mixture under the non-uniform temperature and non-equal-pressure conditions. Based on this model, the analysis of micro-dynamics of selective reduction process can be conducted; it can be applied to analyses of the effects of mass transfer in gas phase, solid-state diffusion and surface chemical reaction to the selective reduction process, as well as the interaction between two different oxides and complex compounds; the enhance means of speed control can also be obtained.

Enterprise Information Technology (IT) professionals have reached the practical limits of two-tier architectures. Facing growing pressure to deliver broad-reaching application functionality quickly and cost-effectively, IT departments are turning to distributed object computing as the adaptive software architecture on which to build applications that meet these challenging business requirements. Besides, as a growing number of sophisticated services are provided over the Internet, the need arises to coordinate application objects into transactions, in such a way as to enable functionality and data to be shared across applications and over multiple platforms. The distributed computing environments provide various open u-healthcare multimedia services through telecommunication information networking structure developing based on object-oriented concepts and distributed technology which can be applied new services with a few changes over the existing networks. The existing object model in distributed computing environment has the limitations of the individual object modeling and the complexity of object’s management according to large capacity of distributed applications. In this paper, we design and implement the object group model that can be functionally and efficiently managed the individual objects in a given environment for decreasing the complexity in the distributed software’s management and development for u-health care services object management. We also presents the analysis of requirements and functions required to propose the object group model for u-healthcare, and depicts the functional structure in details using its analysis. We design the interaction procedures among the components of the object group for management and service functions for our object group model. And we show procedures using interaction procedure diagrams and ETDs(Event Tracing Diagram)s.

Sensor nodes in WMSNs should be able to collect various forms of sensing data, prioritize each form of data based on the application service request conditions, and provide a certain degree of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantee. In order for sensor nodes to provide QoS, they must maintain routing information based on delay, reliability, and energy efficiency. Existing routing algorithms transmit many routing control messages to reflect dynamic network conditions. In this paper, we propose a routing protocol that can provide QoS that appropriately reflects changes in network status regarding reliability and delay, even in circumstances with a deficiency in sensor node resources. Our algorithm has the advantage of minimizing the routing control messages and therefore can safely operate from an energy-efficient perspective, as the algorithm utilizes broadcast messages regularly transmitted by the sink node. We observe that the sensor node establishes a routing table based on the shortest route towards a sink, the energy efficiency of the foothold, and the least amount of congestion

In this paper, we proposed the sound scene control (SSC) of the multi-channel audio signals in MPEG Surround to enhance the MPEG Surround with respect to the functionality. To add a new functionality to the MPEG Surround, we proposed the multi-channel sound scene control by modification of the spatial parameters such as the channel level difference and the inter-channel correlation. Even though the panning law is directly applied to the spatial parameters, the output channel signals are successfully panned by given panning angle. The quality and the localization ability of the proposed SSC are confirmed by the subjective listening test.

Currently the multimedia contents and various terminal devices owned by public agencies or private companies are operated separately by their manufacturer. This can make an immediate action impossible in the event of failure in equipment or contents due to the lack of integrated management, and it can also cause a lot of administrative costs for the maintenance of equipment for each type. In addition, the ineffective management of contents brings about such problems as errors, duplication and inconsistency in the contents. To solve these, construction of an integrated management system as well as an efficient, low-cost operational system is required. The system proposed in this paper integrates and controls the remote terminal devices, and it implemented in a multicast way. For each of many different devices in remote locations such as set-top boxes, kiosks and speakers, functions including broadcast schedule edition, multimedia playback automation and subtitle display configuration are controlled directly at the central system. The system has been developed mainly on the algorithm of Middleware for multicasting large amounts of data and centralized group management. As a result of the test in conjunction with the actual devices, this proposed program could easily integrate the heterogeneous terminals.

The work at hand presents a novel data-driven framework for 3D full body human motion reconstruction from uncalibrated monocular video data. To this end, we develop a knowledge base by taking 2D samples of the motion capture library from dierent viewing directions. This allows later steps to handle 2D query videos without any information on the viewing direction. We detect and track features from input video sequences by utilizing low-level image based feature detection techniques like MSER and SURF. This process is stabilized by back projection of high-level 3D prior information obtained from the motion capture library to the image plane. Extraction of suitable feature sets from both, input control signals and motion capture data, enables us to retrieve the best relevant prior poses from the motion capture library by employing fast motion retrieval techniques. Finally, 3D motion sequences are reconstructed by non-linear energy minimization, that takes into account multiple prior terms. Furthermore, we propose a method to estimate camera parameters from input video itself and sampling of motion capture library.

Automatic composition of Web services is a challenging task as independently developed Web services are not always compatible with each other. In order to resolve the heterogeneity between Web services and improve the quality of Web service composition, we propose a new approach based on semantics for Web service composition, which widely deploys Petri Nets and ontology. This paper proposes a framework for semantic Web service composition that builds Petri net model of interactions between Web services and builds ontology representing domain knowledge, then combines the Petri net models with ontology-based mediation.

The purpose of this research is to provide the turning point for base data and new stepping board for structuring and operation of the web-site for both countries. To accomplish such purpose, I analyzed web-sites of 12 Japanese clubs and 8 Korean clubs based on the analysis paper that consists of 6 functional aspects. As a result, in Japan, Yomiuri Giants and Sofrbank Hawks were found to provide the most information and in Korea, Kia Tigers was found to provide the most information.

Multi-media is more and more popular in all levels of education for its vivid picture and video. Due to the increasing number of videos and pictures in school server, how terminal computers in classrooms access multimedia at low cost is an important problem to solve. A novel dynamic scheduling algorithm of PCASGP (Proxy caching algorithm based on segment group popularity for streaming media). Based on the popularity of the segment group, content of proxy caching would be replaced and data size would in proportion of segment popularity. The cache window size would be updated dynamically with the access time based on the algorithm. Results of simulation shows that the algorithm is quite adaptable and can gain more average number of streaming media objects with less delayed access ratio.