Earticle

This study focused on adolescents who are studying in middle schools of the Gyeongnam region, aims to provide methods for improving school adjustment among adolescents through the enhancement of family strength. It will examine the effect of family strength on adolescents' school adjustment verify the mediating effect of social support in the influential relationships of school adjustment. The summarizations, obtained in this study are as follows: First, an analysis of the results of the effect of family strength on social support demonstrated that family strength had a positive effect on social support. That is, as family strength was higher, social support increased. Second, an analysis of the results of the effect of family strength on school adjustment show that family strength would have a direct effect on school adjustment, which is positive. Where family strength was higher, school adjustment of adolescents was also higher. Third, the results of the effect of social support on school adjustment when controlling family strength demonstrate that social support would have a positive effect on school adjustment, however, family strength did not predict school adjustment. Therefore, the complete mediating effect of social support in the relationship between family strength and school adjustment was identified. In conclusion, it was identified that family strength had an indirect effect on school adjustment, but not a direct effect. Therefore, it is indicated that indirect intervention through the social support system as well as direct intervention for the improvement of adolescents' school adjustment is required. In addition, it was confirmed that family strength and social support would be more important variables than control variables, which reflect the characteristics of adolescents and family in terms of school adjustment. Therefore, the recognition that the responsibility in adjusting to school is the common role of families, schools, and community going beyond the individual responsibility of adolescents is needed.

The purpose of this study was to provide the basic data required for the development and operation of high-quality education programs for newly married couples. The subjects were 60 education programs for newly married couples that were performed by 30 Healthy Family Support Centers in Seoul and the Gyeonggi area. The collected data were analyzed by applying appropriateness, efficiency, and effectiveness on the basis of program plan, execution, and evaluation. The results were as follows. First, the appropriateness of the program plans was no center that performed need survey. As for program advertisement, on-line, off-line, and person -to-person advertisements were used. Second, the education goals and contents were classified according to healthy family life, the essence of the marriage, gender equality, conflict management, problem prevention, relationship improvement, understanding of mutual similarities or differences, financial plan and management, and parenting. Each session lasted 2 hours, and the total number of program hours was 5 to 6 hours. The education methods were activities, lectures, and discussions.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors determining the participation of the poor elderly in economic activity. This study analyzed secondary data of the second wave of Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Binary logistic regression was used to identify the factors that are associated with the economic activity of the poor elderly. The results of the analyses showed that age, gender, region, public assistance, education, health status, chronic illness, contacts with acquaintances, and support from children were associated with participation in economic activity. The study's findings have several implications for policies and services. The study identified the need for an age- and gender-specific approach to promoting participation in economic activity among the poor elderly. Regional differences should also be considered in the creation of work opportunities for older adults. In terms of human capital, the positive effect of good health indicates that strategies are needed to address the needs of older adults with health issues. In addition, there is a need for more jobs for elderly job seekers with high levels of education. Finally, policy makers and practitioners should explore interventions for enhancing the social network involvement and community support for the elderly living in poverty.

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale for the multidimensional assessment of work-family spillover in working couples with children. The subjects of this study were working wives and husbands with children in Daegu. Two surveys were administered, eliciting 243 respondents and 227 respondents, respectively. Then a series of tests were run to analyze the data, including item-to-total correlation, Cramer's V coefficients, item discrimination, Cronbach's α, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results yielded that, first, a preliminary 102 items were developed on the basis of the literature review, and this was narrowed down to 72 items selected with the help of experts. Through preliminary, primary and secondary survey analysis, the scale for the multidimensional assessment of work-family spillover was developed and validated, with a 36 items scale, 18 items for work to family spillover and 18 items for family to work spillover. Furthermore, the scale constructed three spillover processes - time interference, energy depletion, and psychological distraction - and consisted of four different domains of family life into which spillover occurs - namely marital relationship, parent-child relationship, leisure, and housework. The internal reliability was evaluated to show a confidence range of .85 ~.92 for each factor.

Under the influence of globalization, South Korea has seen a sharp rise in interracial families. South Korean society faces various difficulties since it has not prepared for the stable settlement of families. Therefore, it is necessary to initiate marital education for the settlement of multi-cultural families in a healthy and democratic way. This researcher has developed a marital education program for multi-cultural families. To reflect the special characteristics, this work required the investigation of multi-cultural families in Gyeongsangbuk-do. The purpose of this work is to improve conjugal relations among multi-cultural families in a formative period of family relations to help those families to settle down early. The program consisted of four steps and 12 sessions. It featured an increase in application flexibility to an actual site by session, and includes a worksheet applicable to an actual site to understand the absence of communication and cultural differences in multi-cultural families during a formative period of family relations. In so doing, it was designed to easily perform nonverbal education. This work is expected to contribute to an improvement in conjugal relations of multi-cultural families in a formative period of family relations and help those families to settle down in a stable way.

This study investigated the influence that the family rituals of unmarried males and females have on satisfaction with life and family role salience, recognizing the necessity to illuminate perceptions related to the original families of unmarried males and females through more diverse perspectives. Questionnaires were given to 601 unmarried male and female adults over 20 years of age. For data analysis, SPSS Win 18.0 was used, and the results are summarized as follows. First, the males and females were divided into three groups: “family with inactive family rituals”, “family with active family rituals” or “family with moderate family rituals”. There was a significant difference in family role salience depending on family type. Second, family type was classified as a degree of “relation” through common points of two variables, and each group was named as having a family with “satisfying relations,” “general relations,” or “deficient relations.” Third, in the case of males, life satisfaction was high when the level of family economy was high, when parents' first marriage and family actively participated in family rituals.

This aim in this study is to investigate the meaning of case management and management in general from the case manger’s perspective, as well as case mangers’ abilities and networks. We also propose a development direction for the establishment of a local integrated family-centered community management system. Regarding the collection of qualitative data, focus group interviews (FGIs) were conducted with 11 case managers from social welfare organizations in the city of C. The interviews consisted of open-ended questions in the following four categories: understanding of case management, case managers’ abilities, case management environments, and local community networks. According to the interview analysis, a total of 16 subcategories in 9 categories and 4 domains have been identified. Due to the ambiguity regarding the concept of case management, case management was completely dependent upon individual case managers’ abilities. In particular, family-centered case management was found to exist in several organizations in the same region. In terms of case management environments, the following problems have been observed: absence of related departments and staff, confusion regarding performance evaluation standards, limitations in sharing information among organizations, limitations in resource exploration and management, redundant support, and an uncomfortable relationship between the private and public sector. Horizontal exchange and cooperation among organizations are essential to establish and facilitate a local community network. After all, to establish a local family-centered community case management system, the roles of a Healthy Families Center and a Multi-cultural Family Support Center as parts of a family-centered transfer system should be fully emphasized in local society, and the performance of family-centered case management should be developed.