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This paper aims to investigate the effects of social policy factors on national happiness and national competitiveness in OECD countries, with particular emphasis on the relationships among inter-rlated factors involved in social policy process. For this purpose, this study employs Structural Equation Modeling approach (SEM) in order to identify direct and indirect effects among key variables relating to social policy decision making. The main findings of the research include: the more the budget for unemployment is, the lower the national competitiveness is; the higher the welfare budget is, the higher the gini index is; the higher the welfare budget is, the higher the employment budget is; and, the higher the welfare budget is, the lower the happiness level is. The article emphasizes the importance of the factors affecting social policy in allocating resources, and making decisions on national competitiveness framework.

Vertical Separation means the functional division by the owner of fixed facilities such as sites, lines, and signals from the transportation service operation using them. The separation has produced some limitations and challenges to reform. The cases of Japan and China show many policy implications. The advantages which accrue from vertical integration are: first, the harmony of construction and management results in not producer-oriented but customer-oriented operations that enhance consumer service and investment efficiency. Second, the enhancing of competitiveness of the railroad industry provides a chance to prepare a logistic hub and gate for East Asian railroad transportation by utilizing south and continental railroad system. Third, the development of station complexes may contribute ultimately to retaining railroad fares due to expanding diverse service projects and create station-centered culture. Finally, this reform also contributes to strengthening national competitiveness by enhancing responsiveness to the expansion of the world railroad market and global trends in the railroad industry.

South Korea's economic development has been characterized as a miracle due to its unprecedented speed and success. However, it has also been noted that a high level of distributive equity and poverty reduction were achieved in parallel with rapid growth. This paper argues that the first-order development goals of the state throughout the 1960s and 1970s were pursued in such a manner so as to be maximally inclusive of citizens in the developmental project. It is further argued that the country's industrial conglomerates played a dual function as engines of economic growth and instruments through which citizen wellbeing was enhanced. This paper reviews the mechanisms by which the Korean government influenced business, and discusses Korea's multifunctional industrialization and labor policies. Finally, the deinstitutionalization of the business sector's multifunctional role is detailed, and future challenges for Korea's modern welfare state are suggested.

Throughout the rapid economic and socal development, Korea has successfully come to a giver from a receiver of international aids in the past half century. Accordingly this study comparatively analyzed the change of Korea's official development assistance in terms of developmental administration which prefers institutional method to structure and action. In reality this study focuses on material aids and administrative techniques in theology and on the influence of the U.S developmental administration on Korea with some performance of developmental public administration of Korea. Given the comprehensive analysis on such points as above, this study suggests some implications and tasks as follows. First, we should make the best use of the development model specialized on hyper-growth of the Korean economy and agriculture and fishery development which have been strengths in Korea. Second, oversees aid of Korea should be carried forward in the way of co-work with non-governmental organizations beyond government's comprehensive and leading roles. Third, we make an effort to promote domestic scholars' concern as seen in scholars' participation in order to export U.S development administration. Fourth, we need to positively learn the experiences of advanced countries. Fifth, we have to get comprehensive supports from receiver-countries' public officials and citizens. Required are also institutional designs considering recipient countries's institutional and cultural settings in order to minimalize the side-effects of the aid activities.

This study aimed to analyze the policy formulation process of the integration of contribution collection systems for the Korean social insurance programs. By applying Kingdon’s policy streams framework, the study examined the historical process of policy formulation focusing on the three special periods: the first policy window phase(1996.7.∼2000.10); the second policy window phase(2004.11.∼2007.1.); and the third policy window phase(2007.2.∼2009.12). The theoretical and practical implications of the study are as follows. First, the government's policy scheme, lacking proper social discussions, could cause many policy confusions characterized by several competing policy alternatives. Second, a policy can be adopted during short opening period of policy window when the three streams of problems, policies, and politics are coupled. Third, despite a successful policy adoption, without rational policy making efforts the policy could have limited effects on tackling policy problems concerned.

Government’s labor control strategy for public employees is totally different from that of labor relations in private sector. In Korean private sector, labor control based on state corporatism declined considerably because of end of military dictatorship and settlement of political democracy. However, labor relations between public employees and government have still kept a state-centered unequal relation since democratization and legitimization of public employee union. After Kim Young Sam government, this study explores the processes of pension reforms and establishment of collective bargaining system to understand Korean government’s labor control strategy about civil servants. We present public employees’ strategy for reacting government’s labor control and suggest constructive strategies for fixing unequal labor relationship between government and public employee union.

Many migrant workers flow in the cities form small towns and countryside along with industrialization and urbanization process of China. The huge housing demand of the workers can not be satisfied and the housing price is too high. Consequently these factors all contribute to the more serious accommodation issue of the migrant workers day after day. Solution to their accommodation issue becomes vital to the urban development. Some domestic cities in China have already set about solving the migrant workers' accommodation. This study introduces the experience of cities such as Changsha, Shanghai, and Nantong. Qingdao Economic Development Zone, which is the study area, compared with the Changsha, Shanghai, and Nantong to solve the migrant workers housing security improvement program. Based on the relevant theory and analysis of experience, the paper proposes suggestions to improve the migrant workers' accommodation which are recommended mainly for government departments.

This study was performed with the aim of arranging the rational appropriation standard and support standard for overseas Korean school fees and entrance fees. For this, it carried out and analyzed a survey of the actual condition for the present status of supporting financial affairs of overseas Korean schools, analysed on the Act on the Educational Support, etc. for overseas Koreans, carried out interview with teachers and student parents by visiting overseas Korean schools, and utilized a method of estimating the amount of supporting school fees. As a result of this study, a plan for supporting overseas Korean school fees was suggested 4 schemes such as a differential support by support subject, a support of the fixed ratio by school, a support of educational expense level per one student at home by school, and a support of the fixed ratio compared to educational expenses per one student at home by school. Through the results of this study, it proposed the need to have mechanism of responsibility, which corresponds to this, as the overseas Korean schools are expanded a financial support such as tuition of being supported by national people's tax even if having legal position of private school, and the need to be stably made the revision of relevant law and the security of additional finances.

This research explores how SE research trends are being configured in Korea and suggests new research agenda by using a framework of 'social enterprise innovation system'. For this, 173 papers in total are selected, which are published in journals registered at Korea Citation Index (KCI), dating from 2010 to October, 2013. The papers are classified based on 'Social Enterprise Innovation System' as an analytical framework, which consists of four main parts; Players' Goals and Purposes, Competing and Collaborating Constituents, Social Trends and Industrial Standards, Inter-organizational Governance. Based on the result of this analysis, this study suggests that researchers need to pay more attention to the field of 'Competing and Collaborating Constituents' and 'Inter-organizational Governance' with a particular attention to a wide range of case studies and interdisciplinary approaches. Research on this field also needs to contribute to value creation in social businesses, education and training of members in social enterprises, and creative ways of capitalizing on rich experiences of civil and cultural activities accumulated through Korea's modern history for establishing a sustainable growth strategy of social enterprises.

This study aims to clarify the functions of the French National Commission for Public Debate (Commission Nationale du Débat Public) to find out possible lessons for a near introduction of the same institution in Korea. It is highly possible that the French system is susceptible to cast some lessons for Korean public decision-making process. This study examined and reconstituted the itinerary of French National Commission for Public Debate and finally drew five major perspectives to be conceived to rationalize Korean public administration's deicision-making process and to invigorate public debates for preventing increasing public conflicts in a policy process.

The purpose of this paper is to get to the truth is the contents of the procedural process of phenomenology in social science research methodology in order to find a new theory. The contents of this study are as follows. The theoretical background is the reflection, consciousness of orientation, experience and time, and inter-subjectivity. This derived procedural and theoretical aspects of scientific knowledge, which can be used as a logical evolution, are studied(NM). Subjects for this study objective knowledge is needed why?, why the need for scientific knowledge about the target?, also what you need, and how you need? And methodology should reveal who. expectations about the results of the research community to solve the problem gives. It also contributes to the process of the search for truth should expect.