Earticle

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of adolescent attachment trauma experience in adolescence on the drinking behavior in adults. Methods: This study analyzed 293 men and women aged 20-49 with experience in attachment trauma were used in the survey. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, t-test, moderated multiple regression and simple slope analysis by SPSS 21.0. Results: First, the difference in gender was found in the experience of attachment trauma and drinking behavior. Men are more experienced in attachment trauma than women and men are more likely to drink alcohol. Second, the higher the level of childhood attachment trauma, the higher the level of drinking behavior. Conclusion: With this results, the study provides information for intervention, implications and the limitation and also discuss the clinical implications of the relationship between attachment trauma and drinking behavior as a specialized approach for this condition.

Objective: Violence crimes are the third most common crimes, and the proportion of violent crimes among all crimes continues to increase by year. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between alcohol availability factors (pub, restaurant, retail) and violent crimes types (total violence crime, assault crime, and injury crime) using panel data. Methods: We conduct two-way panel analysis and use a panel data(2007-2017) data from the Korea National Policy Agency and Statistics Korea. Results: Although there were differences in the size of effects in the effects of violent crime types, the population density, the rate of aged 65, and the rate of industrial land use showed a negative association, and the proportion of male population aged 40-54, property tax, and alcohol availability factors has positive association. Pubs and restaurants, retails, and alcohol availability (total number of pubs, general restaurants, and retail store) had has statistically significant and positive relationships with the rates of total violence crime and injury crimes. Conclusion: Alcohol availability increases the rate of violent crime over time and region. The results showed that in order to minimize the damage from violent crime and alcohol, policy intervention is needed to limit drinking conditions in community areas such as alcohol availability as well as personal behavior.

Objectives: As the drinking rate and drinking-related harms of adolescents has been increasing, it is emphasized to make efforts to prevent youth alcohol drinking. Despite the regulatory policy for restricting sales of alcoholic beverages to adolescents, they mostly buy alcohol at the convenience stores easily. However, there is a lack of empirical research on alcohol access and drinking of adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of convenience store accessibility in community on alcohol drinking of adolescents, and examine whether alcohol prevention education in schools can reduce the alcohol drinking risk of adolescents. Methods: Multilevel logistic regression analysis was conducted on the middle schools students in urban areas who responded to the Youth Health Behavior Survey in 2016. We analyzed the influence of the convenience stores density in community on alcohol drinking experience of adolescents, and stratified analysis was also conducted according to the respondents’ experience of school-based alcohol prevention education. Results: Of the 29,047 respondents, 7,098 students(24.4%) had a drinking experience. The students who were boys, older, living without families, or those whose father’s education was lower were more likely to have drinking experience(p<.001). Those who perceived more severe stress or depression were also more likely to drink alcohol(p<.001). After adjusting for those individuals factors influencing on their drinking behaviors, the students whose schools were in a community with more convenience stores were more likely to drink alcohol(p=.010). According to the stratified analysis, the significant impact of convenience store density on adolescents’ drinking behaviors were not found with the students who had school-based alcohol prevention education(p=.106). Conclusions: In order to effectively prevent adolescents’ drinking behaviors and drinking-related harms, it is necessary to strengthen both the regulation of alcohol access and school-based education for adolescents’ drinking prevention.

Objectives: This study aimed to examine the effects of four occupational differences on drinking alcohol patterns and binge drinking. Methods: From a panel of participants enrolled in existing domestic survey, women aged 19 to 60 years old were recruited. Questions about demographic characteristics and negative consequences related to alcohol use were asked to five groups including 4 occupational groups and jobless group. A total of 3,515 participants responded to the questionnaires. Results: The grouped professional/manager and office/skilled groups did not binge drink but drank regularly. They had the most experience of losing control over drinking and drinking-related problems. The Service/Seller group often drank heavily and drank heavily. Women engaging in simple labor were more likely to drink every day, and those Unemployed had a higher frequency of drinking or drinking once a day, similar to the Simple-labor group. Conclusion: The drinking characteristics of the five groups revealed that the Unemployed group was more likely to binge drink than were the Professional/Manager group (p<.001). Health policy and education for female workers should be changed to prevent secondary harmful effects of drinking excessively.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify multilevel factors (intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, community level) affecting problem drinking in middle-aged men. Methods: One hundred and ninety six middle-aged men in Seoul metropolitan area were recruited for this study. The data were collected from self-administered questionnaires and analyzed by chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression with SPSS 21.0. Results: The average age of middle-aged men in the study was 46.5 years. The average level of drinking was 12.13points, which indicated problem drinking according to the AUDIT-K diagnostic criteria. The study results found that several multilevel factors increased the likelihood of problem drinking. The availability and frequency of alcohol in the residential environment, pressure to drink at the interpersonal level and social norms showed greater impact on problem drinking than intrapersonal psychological factors. Conclusion: This study suggested that it would be necessary to provide multilevel interventions for the middle aged men to create healthier environments to tackle peer pressure, social norm for drinking alcohol.

Objectives: Life satisfaction among Korean youths is the lowest among OECD countries, and the rate of perceived stress, depression, and suicidal thoughts have been increasing steadily since 2015. The general framework for the discussion of mental health problems has been psychological rather than sociological. The purpose of this study is to understand adolescent mental health from a social perspective by examining the effect of perceived socioeconomic status on depression, and examine the mediating role of social withdrawal in the relationship. Methods: The study sample included 1,671 adolescents from the 7th wave of the Korea Child and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS). The main variables investigated were perceived socioeconomic status, social withdrawal, and depression. Results: Results showed that the lower the perceived socioeconomic status, the higher the level of depression. Lower perceived socioeconomic status increased the level of social withdrawal, and the social withdrawal was found to have a partial mediating effect on the relationship between socioeconomic status and depression. Conclusions: Findings indicates that the perceived socioeconomic status that reflects social rank and relative deprivation has influence on adolescents’ social withdrawal and depression. The study speaks to the importance of social determinants of mental health, and has implications for changing the environment in order to improve the mental health of adolescents.

Objectives: This study investigated deficits of prospective memory in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) using the event-based and time-based prospective memory tasks. Methods: Twenty-eight male AUD patients and 25 normal controls participated in this study. In the event-based prospective memory task, participants were required to respond when the pictures were presented in red square. In the time-based prospective memory task, participants were required to respond every 30 seconds from the beginning of the task. As a control task, semantic classification task was administered. Results: The AUD group exhibited significantly lower accuracy rates and longer response times than did the control group in both event-based and time-based prospective memory tasks. Additionally, performances on the time-based prospective memory task were significantly worse than those on the event-based prospective memory task for AUD group. The two groups did not exhibit significant differences in semantic classification task. Conclusions: These results indicate that patients with AUD have deficits in prospective memory, and time-based prospective memory is more impaired than event-based prospective memory in these patients. These results further indicate that event-based prospective memory and time-based prospective memory require different cognitive functions and may have different neural mechanisms.

Objective: The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the experience of emergency department nurses regarding the care of patients with alcohol problems in order to identify their recognition and attitudes about alcohol problems and alcoholism prevention strategies suitable in emergency department settings. The study question is ‘What about emergency department nurses’ experience with alcohol problems. Methods: The participants included 10 female nurses who are currently working or have worked in emergency department for more than three years. Individual interviews were conducted for a minimum of 30 minutes to less than an hour, and the collected data was analyzed in accordance with the qualitative content analysis proposed by Elo and Kyngäs. Results: The results revealed 5 categories: ‘Recognition and attitude toward alcohol problem’, ‘Clues to aware alcohol problems’, ‘Medical and surgical problems related to alcohol’, ‘Barriers to practice of alcoholism prevention’and ‘Interventions to prevent alcoholism in emergency department’. We found that emergency department nurses had negative attitudes toward people with alcohol problems. And also they recognized that interventions to prevent alcoholism were outside the scope of emergency care practices. Conclusion: Emergency department nurses had the ability to identify patient with alcohol problems and a high recognition of the needs of preventive approaches to alcohol problems. The results can be used to develop the education program for emergency department nurses and guidelines for prevention of alcoholism.