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Objectives: To compare the nature of group intervention of Alcoholics Anonymous(AA) and Active Living(AL) as useful initiatives for community health program. Methods: In addition to major books and publications related with AA and the resources of AA websites were thoroughly reviewed. Active Living Every Day(ALED) third edition, ALED Facilitator Training Manual and the AL resources of website were thoroughly reviewed. Weekly steps, philosophy and the major characteristics of program development and administration were compared. Results: Twelve steps of AA and twelve sessions of AL have many similar cognitive and behavioral components in subtly different terms. Although the backgrounds philosophy are looks like somewhat different-AA development and evolution processes were based on experiential and those of AL were based on projects and researches, both AA and AL mainly runs by experienced lay people based through social support. These group process under favorable policies and environment could be effective alternatives based on recent scientific progress about physical activities and alcohol effects to health. Conclusions: AA and AL are useful group intervention through experienced helper. Both looks like effective and recommended in recent Korean national policies and environments under new scientific facts.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide the theoretical background for alcohol intervention for College/University students by analyzing the relevance between drinking motivation, COVID-19 risk perception, coping method and drinking problem under any pandemic situations like COVID-19 pandemic situation. Methods: An output from the Capstone Design Class of the college in Daegu area has been utilized as a secondary source for this study. The data was collected via a Social media survey in a random sampling method from 20th November 2020 to 6th December 2020 during the second semester of the school. 217 people have answered the survey and all the data of 217 respondents have been used in the statistic. Results: The results were as follows. First, the drinking motivation has a direct effect on the COVID-19 risk perception, while it shows both direct and indirect effects on the coping method and the drinking problem. Second, the COVID-19 risk perception has a direct effect on the coping method and drinking problem. Finally, the coping method has not a direct and indirect effect on the drinking problem. Conclusions: COVID-19 risk perception showed mediation effect between drinking motivation and coping method as well as between drinking motivation and drinking problems.

Background: It has been shown that alcohol use disorders are common within a particular family. The risk of alcohol use disorders is known to be three to five times higher for a parent than non-parent alcohol. For this reason, many studies to date have examined the family history of alcohol use problems among adolescents or early adults with drinking problems. However, most studies examined only the existence of alcohol family history, and there were no reports of familial density among alcoholics patients. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the familial density of people with alcohol abuse problems and to investigate the differences in the characteristics of alcohol abuse problems according to their familial density. Method: At four community centers in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do, familial density was investigated for clients using the service. There were 141 subjects in the study, 113 men and 28 women. Result: Of the people with alcohol use problems, familial density had four groups (family history negative, grandparents or siblings only, parent(s) only, parent(s) and grandparents or siblings, parent(s) and grandparents and siblings,). Familial density was significantly associated with frequency of violence, drinking related, AUDIT-K score. Conclusion: There is a difference in familial density among people with alcohol use problems. However, systematic comparison of variety of measures of family history is lacking. and further study is needed. This study investigated familial density in patients with alcohol use disorder. These results will be the evidence for another perspective on the genetic effects and its risks of alcohol use disorder patients.

Objective: Treating alcohol-dependent patients is not easy. Spirituality received more attention treating alcohol-dependent patients than before. One study found that a Temple Stay Program (TSP) improved spirituality. Therefore, we investigated the effect of the TSP on spirituality in adults with alcohol related problem. We also studied the effects of the TSP on happiness and alcohol abstinence self-efficacy. Methods: The TSP was advertised by calling and facing and through mailing and texts to the attendants in Busan Community Addiction Management Center during 2013–2015. We used the Korean Spirituality Scale, Happiness Index for Koreans, and the Alcohol Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale as assessment tools. Results: A total of 22 clients were included. The TSP increased the total scores on the Korean Spirituality Scale, the Happiness Index for Koreans, and the Alcohol Abstinence Self-efficacy Scale significantly(P=0.007, 0.014, and 0.034). The TSP also increased the Korean Spirituality subscale scores for transcendence, mercy, inner-resource, and interconnectedness significantly (P=0.039, 0.016, 0.008, and 0.018). Conclusion: The TSP improved happiness and alcohol abstinence self-efficacy as well as spirituality in adults with alcohol related problem. Therefore, the Temple Stay Program that improves spirituality would be useful for alcoholism treatment.

Purpose: This study investigated the framing effects of fact-check mark on rumor believability, specifically when the fact-checking evaluations are inconclusive. Method: Using two rumors regarding COVID-19, an online experiment (Fact-checking mark: half-true vs. half-false vs. withheld) with 273 Korean adults was conducted. Result: The results showed that fact-checking mark framed as half-false reduced rumor believability, whereas that framed as half-true increased rumor believability. The rumor believability changes in the half-false condition was found to be greater than those in the withheld condition. Also, the exposure to inconclusive fact-checking marks increased the rumor believability of individuals who had lower levels of prior rumor beliefs and decreased the rumor believability of individuals who had higher levels of prior rumor beliefs. Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of how fact-checking evaluations influence individuals’ rumor believability.

Objectives: This study aims to in-depth explore the non-face-to-face clinical practicum experience of nursing students in the COVID-19 situation, and to present the actual situation, problems, learning strategies, and effective measures of non-face-to-face clinical practicum education. Methods: Data were collected through in-depth interviews with 12 nursing college students who had experience in non-face-to-face clinical practicum using an open-ended questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed through qualitative content analysis. Results: From the results of this study, 4 general categories and 8 subcategories were derived. The general categories included: “Non-face-to-face clinical practicum is safe and comfortable without stress”, “Feeling distance between non-face-to-face and on-site clinical practicum”, “Feeling desperate for on-site clinical practicum education”, and “Facing limitations in preparing for employment due to lack of clinical practicum experience”. Conclusions: It is necessary to continuously review ways to reduce the difference between alternative practicum, such as simulation-based practicum with increased field reproduction, and on-site practicum. In addition, it is necessary to develop standardized alternative practicum programs containing various contents, immediate feedback, and face-to-face practicum.

Objectives: This study aims to understand the changes in drinking behavior of Korean workers from one-person households amid the COVID-19 pandemic, using semantic network analysis. Methods: A qualitative research was conducted by interviewing 10 participants (5 men and women each) ranging from 21–39 years of age. A one-hour interview session was held through a video conference tool “Zoom.” The responses were dictated for later analysis. Results: The dictated responses from the participants were analyzed with a semantic network analyzing program “Netminer 4.” Through co-occurrence frequency analysis and centrality analysis (betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality), 55 keywords were abstracted for men, and 77 for women. The top 5 keywords that occurred more than 10 times from men were “Post Covid-19,” “Drinking Alone,” “Beer,” “Social Restrictions,” and “Work.” For women, the keywords were “Post Covid-19,” “Friends,” “Beer,” “Drinking Alone,” and “Home.” Conclusion: The results showed that the drinking behavior of both men and women had drastically changed following the outbreak of the pandemic. With outdoor activities reducing considerably, the participants chose to drink at home, and mostly alone. The frequency of drinking alone significantly increased in the wake of the Covid-19 pandemic.