Earticle

This study aims to obtain optimal spectrum for the proton distributed in human abdomen using View Forum analyzer after acquiring magnetic resonance spectroscopy data using 3.0 T MRI in normal volunteers. Abdominal MR spectroscopy is associated with patient motion and breathing, making it difficult to obtain accurate spectrum. As a solution to these problems, the role of the analyst is important because it can be solved somewhat through the View Form Analyzer. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the abdominal spectrum distribution accurately by varying various parameters that can be applied in the View Form Analyzer. Based on this study, we will provide MRS analyst with useful information about analysis method and provide high diagnostic medical information to patients.

The CT urography is a non-invasive, essential examination for patients who have a urinary system disease. Maximizing the opacification and distention of the bladder is important because it facilitates the detection of tumors and provides morphological information on the bladder. This study evaluates the difference in the quality of the bladder filling image and the total dose of radiation exposed to patients when the repositioned patient, after having rolled over, is not rescanned in the scout phase before proceeding to be scanned in the excretory phase. The CT urography protocols are divided into two groups, In Group A, the patient is scanned twice in the scout phase, first in the supine position and then again in the prone position after being repositioned on the CT table. In Group B, the patient is scanned only once in the scout phase in the prone position before being repositioned. In the quantitative evaluation of the two groups, Group B had lower average standard deviation of the CT number in the bladder than Group A (p<0.05). In the qualitative and total dose evaluation of the two groups, Group B had higher value than Group A (p<0.05). This study demonstrates that it is possible to get a homogeneous image of the bladder by not rescanning the patient after being repositioned.

In this study, Because the arm can’t be sutured due to fracture during a elbow CT scan, a CT scan is proceeded in a state of abdomen and L-spire are overlapped which beam hardening artifact is done many times, and it often lowers the quality of elbow CT images. So there are many difficulties in reading and due to increase in radiation dose from it, the number of patient's exposure keeps increasing. In this research, it plans to improve the quality of the images by avoiding overlap with abdomen, and increasing the number of photon overlapped with lung field which the line attenuation is relatively small. The way of experiment is based on patient's right elbow and place him as head first position, then place his elbow at L2-3 level in supine position, turn about 30 degrees to the left in non-control breathing and in supine position, and compared with full inspiration after overlapping with lung. After figuring out the average value and standard deviation data using Image J program 5 times each for 16, 128 channels, the evaluation is proceeded by measuring each of CNR, MSR are statistically analyzed using SPSS program. Therefore, through positioning and inspiration during elbow CT scan, the way of inspection minimized the exposure radiation dose, and seems to be meaningful in a way to improve the quality of the images.

In this study, Onyx has been successfully applied in the treatment of various neurovascular lesions. However, some experience is required to be accustomed to its unpredictable fluoroscopic visibility during injection. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the characteristics of radiopacity change in simulated embolization procedure. Using a bench-top Onyx injection experiment simulating a typical brain arteriovenous malformation embolization, simplified into casting mode(continuous injection) and plugging mode(injection with intermittent pauses), nine cycles of casting and plugging mode were performed. Radiodensity of Onyx droplets collected from the distal end and the distal portion of the microcatheter was measured considering time lapsed. Distribution of droplet radiodensity and distrobution of radiographic grade in both modes were analysise and compared by repeated measures. Relationship between of droplet radiodensity and microcatheter radiographic grade[mean and standard deviation(SD)] was evaluated through correlation analysis. Within-group analysis revealed no significant droplet radiodensity change with time(P>0.05). The droplet radiodensities were significantly higher in the casting mode than in the plugging mode(P<0.01). The lateral radiographic of the microcatheter showed higher radiopacity(P<0.01) and better evenness(P<0.01) in the casting mode than in the plugging mode. A significant difference in microcatheter attenuation(both radiographic grade mean and SD; P<0.01) was noted between the two modes. Droplet radiodensity had a significant influence on the radiopacity and radiopacity evenness of the microcatheter. The radiopacity of the Onyx can vary significantly over time because of early precipitation of tantalum powder. Radiopacity decreased significantly during plugging modes, characterized by pauses between injections. More experiments are needed for better visualization of the liquid embolic material.

Purpose : a research on reducing exposure dose of the operator was progressed by removing unnecessary X-ray and scattering rays being spread in radial shape by use of subsidiary accessory of C-arm. Material and method : Mobile type image amplification system (C-arm), doughnut-shaped aluminium with thickness of 2T of which inside is filled with powder type Barium and glass dosimeter, Phantom were used and by placing phantom on operation table, C-arm center in over tube condition was positioned on abdomen of phantom. At ringer stand being distanced from the center by 50cm, glass dosimeter was positioned at 160cm that is average eyeball location of adult male, 140cm that is location of thyroid and 50cm that is location of gonad, respectively and result value was analyzed by performing a test for 5 times in the same way as above while irradiating, measuring 90kVp, 5mAs for 1 minute in the order of non-used accessory, doughnut-shaped aluminium with thickness of 2T that circled tube to be matched with its size, doughnut-shaped aluminium of which inside is filled with Barium. Result : Non-used accessory was measured as 0.032mGy at eyeball position, 0.041mGy at thyroid position and 0.091mGy at gonad position, respectively. When covering Al, 0.027mGy at eyeball position, 0.031mGy at thyroid position and 0.083mGy at gonad position were measured respectively and this result showed that in eyeball, 15%, thyroid 20% and 8% in gonad were reduced. When filled Al cover inside with barium, 0.025mGy, 0.030mGy and 0.081mGy were measured in eyeball, thyroid and gonad respectively and it showed that in eyeball, 21%, thyroid 25% and 10% in gonad were reduced. Conclusion : By use of proper accessory, exposure dose of the operator could be reduced. In addition, consistent concern for reducing exposure dose shall be required through adequate distance, shortening of using time.

To solve the fear of radiation at living site that common people think, we measured the Radon density of a private house and an apartment house. Through the result of the measurement, we recognized that some houses are exceed the tolerance level. And we surveyed the perception of the radiation knowledge. From the survey results, we proposed the necessity of the education to know the correct perception of radiation.

In this study, Radiography detector is upgraded for patient who can't positioning properly. So many of medical center generally use wireless detector. In this situation, This analysis let know how difference between wire and wireless detector through the MTF value. measurement and method : 1. Setting the kvp and mAs using by phantom yetterbium 2. Measuring the contrast exposed equivalent material through the PACS 3. Calculating MTF Value that analyse resolution. Result : Wire detector MTF value higher than Wireless detector consistently SAMSUNG and DK. Conclusion : It seems to be having a gap between wire and wireless detector. Consideration should be given to various patient condition, useful wireless detector regardless of MTF value, because these difference can't affect medical reading.