Earticle

The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the linguistic signs used by adolescents in electronic mail (email) differ from those used in traditional written language. The study was conducted in French, a language with a deep orthography that has strict, addressee-dependent rules for using second person personal pronouns (unfamiliar and familiar forms). Data was collected from 80 adolescents ages 12 to 15 in a natural situation where they had to introduce themselves by email to two addressees, a same-age peer and a teacher. The adolescents were divided into two groups (expert / non-expert) according to their expertise in computer-mediated communication. The results showed that for adolescents, email constitutes a written-language register of its own. Moreover, in terms of adaptation to the addressee (pronoun use), the email register seems to follow the pragmatic rules of traditional spoken and written interaction. The observed differences between the CMC experts and non-experts suggest that the email communication register is acquired gradually.

L’objectif de notre recherche est de mettre en évidence dans quelle mesure les marques linguistiques utilisées par des adolescents en courrier électronique (CÉ) s’écartent de la langue écrite traditionnelle. Le recueil de données est effectué avec 80 adolescents de 12 à 15 ans dans une situation naturelle où ils doivent se présenter par CÉ à deux interlocuteurs (un pair d’âge et un professeur). Les adolescents sont divisés en deux groupes selon leur expertise en CMO (expert/non expert). Les résultats montrent que chez des adolescents, le CÉ correspond à un registre spécifique de la langue écrite du point de vue des marques linguistiques orthographiques. Par ailleurs, ce registre respecte les règles pragmatiques de l’interaction traditionnelle orale ou écrite en termes d’adaptation à l’interlocuteur (utilisation des pronoms). Les différences entre les adolescents experts en CMO et non experts témoignent de l’apprentissage progressif de ce registre spécifique.

This paper explores the interplay of Taiwanese adolescent English learners’ motivational selves and their parents’ expectations, with a special focus the identified perceptions of both teenage leaners and their parents towards English learning as a duty and obligation. Using the L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS, Dörnyei, 2009), the qualitative study foregrounds the cultural and relational aspects of the self system in understanding language learning motivation. Results from semi-structured interviews suggest that parental expectations of children’s English learning exhibit a duality characterized by the hope that their children will become successful members of the globalized world and a belief that English learning is a basic responsibility for their children. Adolescent language learners’ and their parents’ actual selves, including their identification with societal roles and social obligations, mediate between parents’ investments in their children’s English education and teenage learners’ perceived obligations to meet parental expectations. The paper concludes by suggesting further research on parental expectations and the development of global selves, and on the synergized effect of language learners’ actual selves and future self-guides in motivating language learning.

본 연구에서는 비자살적 자해 청소년이 인식하는 자해 행동의 원인, 특성, 결과 및 자해를 멈추는데 도움이 전략들을 이들의 심리적 경험 속에서 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 비자살적 자해 행동을 1년 에는 3년 사이 경험한 4명의 청소년을 대상으로 2023년 9월부터 11월까지 심층 개인 면담을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 자해의 원인과 관련된 주제는 “관계문제로 인한 심리적 어려움”, “정서조절의 수단”, “자기혐 오”, “부정적 현실 및 미래 조망” 4개로 도출되었으며, 자해 결과와 관련해서는 “자해 행동 직후 진정, 이완 경험, 그러나 시간이 지나면서 엄습하는 비참함의 부정적 사이클”, “심해지는 자기 혐오”, “자해 행동의 습관화”라는 3개의 주제가 도출되었다. 자해를 멈추는데 도움이 되는 요인들은 “슬퍼하는 누군 가, 의지할 수 있는 누군가의 등장”이라는 주제가 도출되었다. 자해 충동을 조절하는데 도움이 되는 대처 전략들에는 “신체를 기반으로 한 주의전환 활동”, “부정적인 감정 해소를 위한 활동”이라는 2개의 주제가 도출되었으며, 도움이 되는 상담 기법에는 “감정의 객관화”, “자기 진정 요법”이라는 2개의 주제 가 도출되었다. 연구 결과를 토대로 자해 행동의 원인 설명 모델 및 상담 기법들에 대해 논의하였다.

This study investigated the psychological experiences of adolescents with a history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). In-depth interviews with four adolescents conducted between September and November 2023 explored perceived antecedents, functions, and consequences of NSSI. Thematic analysis revealed that NSSI was linked to relational stressors, impaired emotion-regulation processes, internalized self-criticism, and negative future orientation. Identified consequences included transient affective relief followed by emotional distress, heightened self-loathing, and progression toward habitual engagement. Supportive or empathetic interpersonal relationships emerged as protective factors that helped attenuate self-injurious impulses. Coping responses consisted largely of body-based distraction strategies and activities facilitating emotional release. Two counseling-relevant themes—emotional objectification and self-soothing mechanisms—were also identified. Overall, these findings provide deeper insight into the lived experiences of adolescents engaging in NSSI and offer implications for theoretical refinement and intervention development.

연구배경 [Background] Stress-related problems associated with lifestyle are increasing among Filipino adolescents. Middle school and high school students have been identified as the most vulnerable stage in one’s life. They are in the transitional phase and a lot of changes occur in physical, mental and emotional including a shift in responsibility and role. These changes caused stress linked to increase incidence of chronic diseases and likely to have a high risk of engagement to negative behaviors. 연구목적 [Purpose] The aims of this study were to determine the relationship of perceived stress and lifestyle choice in Filipino adolescents. Other analysis was performed to further understand how perceived stress and lifestyle choice is related to sleep quality and health status of high school students. 연구방법 [Method] This study is questionnaire based, and subjects of the study included 504 middle school (N=286) and high school (N=218) students. Lifestyle factors were being assessed through series of questionnaires involving the frequency of physical and mental activities, alcohol intake, smoking, body mass index, family economic status as well as circadian rhythms and social regularity. Outcomes were stress, depression, anxiety and other negative behaviors that were being contributed from situational changes of adolescent’s life. 연구결과 [Result] The result showed that more than 54% of male subjects from both eighth and tenth graders had a higher perceived stress than female counterparts which likely develop negative behaviors such as substance use (e.g. smoking and drinking alcohol). Findings of the study highlight the needs to develop and to have a proper implementation of school-based healthy lifestyle programs and prevention measures among adolescents. [Conclusion] Stress and other factors such as development of negative behaviors can be attributed to lifestyle and the decision-making and behavior determines the individual’s quality of life. Educational programs on how to manage stress and suppress negative behaviors as well as health promoting activities improve adolescents’ health by empowering them to have a control over their lives linking to daily health-related lifestyle choices.

Overweight and obesity among adolescents are increasing worldwide, with factors potentially differing by sex. We aimed to identify sex-related differences in the prevalence of overweight and obesity among Korean adolescents and the sex-specific factors associated with obesity. We analyzed secondary data of 12~18-year-old adolescents who participated in the seventh Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016~2018). Using complex sample analysis, multiple logistic regression was performed to investigate the sex-specific factors associated with adolescent overweight and obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity was higher among male adolescents (51.8%) than among female adolescents (48.2%). Self-rated health status and body shape, efforts to control weight, and sleep on weekdays were significantly associated with overweight and obesity among male adolescents. Self-rated health status and body shape, efforts to control weight, sitting time, food intake, energy intake, and water intake showed significant relationships with overweight and obesity among female adolescents. The results of this study provide preliminary evidence for developing effective strategies to prevent obesity among Korean adolescents. Sex-specific factors influencing obesity should be considered when administering interventions.

본 연구에서는 비자살적 자해 청소년을 상담하는 수퍼바이지들이 겪는 어려움에 대한 효과적인 개 입방안을 탐구하기 위해 수퍼바이저가 수퍼비전한 사례를 개념도로 구성했다. 이를 위해 수퍼바이 저 7인을 대상으로 초점 질문을 통해 개별 면담을 한 후, 핵심문장을 추출하고 유사성 분류와 중요도 를 평정하였다. 평정한 자료로 다차원 척도법과 계층적 군집분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과 2개의 차원 과 5개의 군집이 확인 되었는데, 2개의 차원으로는 ‘수퍼바이지에 대한 지원-내담자에 대한 지원’과 ‘상담자의 역할-상담자의 전문성’으로 명명하였다. 또한 효과적인 개입방안으로 인식된 군집명들은 ‘자해특성 이해와 내담자 지지자원 구축’, ‘상담자의 지지자원과 보호체계 확립’, ‘자해의 탐색과 구체적인 개입방안 모색’, ‘내담자의 자기 돌보기를 위한 상담기술 훈련', '상담의 구조화와 정서적 안전기제 역할’이었다. 또한 각 진술문별로 중요도 인식을 평정한 결과를 분석하였다. 본 연구는 향후 비자살적 자해 청소년 상담 장면 및 상담 교육과정에서 직접 활용될 수 있는 구체적인 방안을 제시한다는 점에서 의미가 있을 것으로 기대된다.

This study intended to compose a concept mapping of the case studies where supervisors supervised to explore effective intervention plan regarding the challenges faced by supervisees who counsel adolescents with NSSI behaviors. To this end, after individually interviewing seven supervisors (using focusing questions), we extracted key statement and evaluated similarity classification as well as the level of significance. And then we performed dimensional and cluster analyses on the extracted statement using the results from a multi-dimensional scale and hierarchical cluster analysis. As a result, we identified two dimensions and five clusters. And we named the clusters as the following: 1) “Understanding self-harm characteristics and establishing a support system for clients” 2) “Establishment of counselor's resource support and protection system” 3) “Self-harm search and finding concrete intervention plans” 4) “Training counseling skills for the client's self-care" 5) “Structurization of counseling and the role of emotional safety mechanisms". Also, we analyzed the data on the perception of the importance of each statement.

Suicide is a prevalent global health concern, particularly in South Korea, which has the highest suicide rate among OECD countries. Previous research has shown that various factors are associated with an acute increase in the suicide rate among South Korean adolescents. This literature review discusses risk factors of suicidality that could potentially impact suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among youth, focusing on family context, stigma of mental illness, extreme academic pressure, and wang-ta bullying. Additionally, this review explores current status of youth suicidality and the interventions in South Korea, such as mental health screenings, hotline call services, internet-based counseling, and Suicide CARE. The review also proposes interventions to prevent suicides in youth that could be utilized both within and outside of schools; Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS), Youth mental health seminars, and Social-Emotional Learning (SEL) Curriculum. The study highlights current efforts to reduce the suicide risks in South Korea nationwide and the importance of future research.

The purpose of this study is to find out how the parenting attitude perceived by Mongolian adolescents affects the social development of adolescents. The subjects of this study were middle and high school students living in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia. Out of a total of 250 questionnaires, 217 questionnaires were finally analyzed.The research results of this paper are as follows. First, it was found that there was no significant difference in parenting attitudes and sociality perceived by adolescents according to the gender of adolescents. Second, it was found that there was a significant difference according to the factors between parenting attitude and sociality perceived by adolescents. It was found that the most significant correlation with adolescents' social development was the parents' receptive parenting attitude. Third, among the parental parenting attitudes perceived by adolescents, the father's receptive parenting attitude was found to be the most meaningful variable affecting social participation, initiative, popularity, consideration, and autonomy, and the father's achievement-pressure parenting attitude was found to have a partial effect only on social participation.

Social rights are active rights followed by the responsibilities of the state and society, and are very important rights for children and adolescents, especially at an important time in the life development process. The age range of children and adolescents is so wide that it is inevitably ineffective in developing social and policy programs suitable for the characteristics of all the ages. Therefore, this study aims to explore the social rights of children and adolescents and seek welfare support measures to guarantee and promote the rights of children and adolescents. As a result of the study, considering the legal age, social awareness, and developmental characteristics of children and adolescents, it can be confirmed that it is desirable to distinguish between children and adolescents and to distinguish welfare support measures accordingly. From the perspective of social rights, while strengthening children's rights to be protected in society, the focus should be placed on the transition of adolescents to the right to be responsible for their autonomous choices. Welfare intervention allowances, educational rights, play rights, and environmental rights related to children and adolescents' social rights should be more applied to children and to adolescents.

본 연구에서는 청소년들과 대학생들의 정치 효능감과 미디어를 이용한 정치참여의 관계를 280명의 청소년과 대학생들에 대한 설문조사를 통해 수집한 자료를 분석하여 살펴보고자 하였다. 본 연구에서는 정치 효능감을 내적 정치 효능감과 외적정치 효능감으로 구분하였으며, 정치참여의 개념을 유연하게 적용하여 미디어를 이용한 정치참여와 직접적인 정치참여로 구분하고, 직접적인 정치참여 의도는 활동을 통한 정치참여 의도와 선거를 통한 정치참여 의도로 구분하여 살펴보았다. 분석결과, 정치 효능감 중에서 내적 효능감은 TV, 신문, 포털을 이용한 정치참여에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 외적 효능감은 UCC를 이용한 정치참여, 활동을 통한 정치참여 의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 선거를 통한 정치참여 의도에 대해서는 내적 효능감은 긍정적인 영향을, 외적 효능감은 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 미디어를 이용한 정치참여가 직접적인 정치참여 의도에 미치는 영향을 살펴보면, 활동을 통한 정치참여 의도에 영향을 미치는 미디어를 이용한 정치참여는 잡지를 이용한 정치참여였으며, 선거를 통한 정치참여 의도에 영향을 미치는 미디어를 이용한 정치참여는 신문을 이용한 정치참여로 나타났다.

In this study, the relationship between political efficacy and political participation was investigated by analysing data collected in the survey of 280 adolescents and university students. According to analysis, internal political efficacy has a positive impact on political participation by using TV, newspaper, and portal site. And, external political efficacy has a negative political impact on political participation by using UCC and political participation intention by political activity. On the other hand, internal political efficacy has a positive impact on political participation intention by election and external political efficacy has a negative impact on political participation intention by election. Political participation by using magazine among political participation by using media has a positive impact on political participation by political activity. And Political participation by using newspaper among political participation by using media has a positive impact on political participation by election.

소년들은 기존세대보다 새로운 커뮤니케이션 미디어를 더 활발하게 사용한다. 이 연구는 청소년들의 커뮤니케이션에서 자아노출 개념과 미디어 간의 차이를 살펴보았다. 먼저 요인분석을 통하여 청소년 자아노출의 주요 변인을 추출하였다. 그리고 청소년들이 자아노출을 행하는 세 가지 커뮤니케이션 상황에서 이용할 수 있는 네 가지 미디어 간의 차이를 규명하고자 하였다. 우선 청소년들의 자아노출 요인분석은 ‘노출의 의도’, ‘노출의 양’, ‘노출의 긍정/부정의 속성’ ‘노출의 정확성’ ‘노출 깊이의 통제’ 등이 추출되었다. 자아노출에 대한 네 가지 미디어 간의 차이를 검증하고자 한 시도는 대체적으로 응답자들이 문자 미디어가 음성 미디어에 비하여 자아노출에 더 적절한 미디어로 인식하는 것으로 나타났다. 이는 문자 미디어가 실시간으로 직접 대화하는 것이 아닌 ‘일방적인’ 전달이므로 어색함이 덜 하기 때문인 것으로 추정된다. 그러나 문자메시지의 우위는 커뮤니케이션 미디어로서 기능할 때에 유효하다. 친구 관계를 향상시키는 수단으로서의 미디어는 역시 면대면 대화가 문자메시지를 포함한 다른 모든 미디어보다 우위를 갖는 것으로 나타났다.

This study examined the different uses of communication media on self-disclosure in adolescence. First, five dimensions of self-disclosure were distracted with factor analysis; intent to disclose, the amount of disclosure, the positive/negative nature of disclosure, the accuracy of disclosure, general depth/control of disclosure. The dimension ‘amount of disclosure’ was different from previous studies in that it was related to two other dimensions. The others were similar with previous studies. There were differences among adolescents’ uses of four communication media (face-to-face, telephone, text messaging, and instant messaging) under three self-disclosure situations (when I talk secrets on myself, when I express my favorable feeling to friends, when I express complaints to my friends). The text media appeared as more favorable media for self-disclosure than the voice media. But the face- to-face communication was recognized as the most efficient tool for developing relationship with friends.

비행 청소년의 주요한 특징 중 하나는 높은 공격성이다. 청소년의 공격성은 성 인으로까지 지속될 수 있으며 비행이나 범죄로까지 이어질 수 있다. 우리나라의 스마트폰 보급률은 세계 1위이며 청소년의 15%이상이 스마트폰 과 의존 위험군에 있다고 한다. 사회학습이론에 따르면 청소년의 공격성은 다양한 대중매체의 폭력적, 파괴적인 내용을 학습한 결과일 수 있다고 하는데 청소년의 스마트폰 과의존은 유해한 대중매체의 영향을 받을 가능성을 높게 하고 있으며 따라서 스마트폰 과의존은 청소년의 공격성을 증가시킬 수 있다. 또한 스마트폰 의존도가 높은 청소년의 경우 우울의 정도가 높고 우울은 공격성을 증가시키는 주요한 요인이 되고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 스마트폰 의존도가 공격성의 주요 요인이 되며 그 과정에 서 우울이 매개효과를 할 것이라고 보고 이를 검증하고자 하였다. 연구 결과, 스마트폰 의존도는 우울에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나 타났으며 우울은 공격성에에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또 한 스마트폰 의존도는 공격성에 유의미한 정의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결국 스마트폰 의존도가 공격성에 영향을 미치는 과정에서 우울이 매개효과가 있는 것을 알 수 있었으며 매개효과의 검증을 위한 붓스트래핑을 실시 결과에서 도 간접효과가 유의한 것으로 나타나 스마트폰 의존도는 우울을 매개하여 공격 성에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었다.

One of the main characteristics of adolescents delinquents is high aggression. Adolescents aggression can last as adults and can lead to delinquency or crime. Korea's smartphone penetration is the world's number one, with more than 15% of adolescents at risk of dependence on smartphones. According to social learning theory, adolescents 'aggressiveness can be a result of learning violent and destructive contents of various mass media. Adolescents smart phones and dependence are highly likely to be affected by harmful mass media, Can increase the aggressiveness of adolescents. In addition, adolescents who are highly dependent on smartphones are more depressed and depression is a major factor in increasing aggression. In this study, we tried to verify that the dependence of smartphone is the main factor of aggression and that depression is mediating effect in the process. As a result of the study, the reliance on smartphone showed a significant positive impact on depression and depression had a significant positive impact on aggression. Also, the reliance on smartphone has a significant positive impact on aggression. As a result, it was found that depression was mediating effect in the process of dependence of smartphone on aggressiveness, and indirect effect was significant in the result of bootstrapping for mediating effect, And that the effect was significant.

This study explored the meaning of happiness among adolescents in school-based cultural and arts clubs through qualitative inquiry into their everyday lives. Four participants who had maintained club involvement for six months to over two years took part in individual and group interviews, alongside photo-elicitation sessions. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis and constant comparison. Participants connected happiness with career development, peer relationships, school adjustment, and evolving self-concept and values. Despite facing conflict and hardship, they found joy in their activities and developed a stronger sense of personal agency. Three superordinate categories were identified: 'An adolescent reality too cold for chasing dreams alone'; 'A school where youth stay longer than home by sharing in cultural and artistic life'; and 'The joy of gathering unsteady hearts toward a future as cultural artists'. The paper offers recommendations for promoting youth well-being through expanded support for cultural and arts club participation and operation.

As the problem of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents is becoming more serious, there is a need to establish an empirical basis for intervention strategies by identifying influencing factors. Accordingly, this study tests the influence of negative peer relationship on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents and the moderated mediating effect of anxiety according to household economic level. This study utilized the PROCESS Macro method and data from the Korean Teenagers’ Mental Health Study. As a result of the analysis, negative peer relationship had a positive influence on non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents. Also, a partial mediating effect of anxiety was found. In that, the level of negative peer relationship increased the level of anxiety, which, in turn, increased the level of non-suicidal self-injury. In addition, the mediating effect of anxiety was moderated by household economic status. The mediating effect of anxiety became larger as the level of household economic status decreased. However, there was no difference according to household economic status in the direct influence of negative peer relationship on non-suicidal self-injury. Lastly, this study proposes strategies to intervene in the problem of non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents through their peer relationship.

This study, focusing on the moderating effect of self-esteem, examined the effect of physical and emotional abuse on impact of event in the period of adolescents. Data were collected from 297 adolescents who had used Youth Counselling & Welfare Center, Youth Shelter, or Wee Center. To examine the moderating effect of self-esteem and the effect of physical and emotional abuse on the impact of event, the hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used. Study results showed that physical and emotional abuse experienced by adolescents had valid effect on the impact of event. It was also turned out that adolescents’ self-esteem affected directly the impact of event, and had moderating effect between the abuse’ negative effect and the impact of event. On the basis of the results, practical interventions and policies to prevent physical and emotional abuse on adolescents and to enhance self-esteem of adolescents were discussed.

지속적인 자원 봉사가 청소년의 사회적 책임성에 미치는 영향을 규명하여 청소년으로 하여금 1회성 자원봉사 보다는 장기적이고 지속적인 자원봉사를 지향하도록 하는데 필요한 기초자료를 제공하는 데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 경기도에 거주하는 중학교 1학년에서 고등학교 3학년까지의 청소년을 대상으로 2012년 8월 1일에서 8월 31일 사이에 실시하였으며, 설문지는 총 390부를 배부하여 363부를 수거하였다. 그 중 부적합한 무응답 설문지 및 불성실하게 응답한 설문지를 제외하고 최종 346부를 조사 분석에 사용하였다. 자료처리는 SPSS 18.0 통계패키지를 이용하였고, 변인간의 인과관계 검증을 위한 구조방정식모형은 AMOS 21.0을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과 자원봉사 활동 기간은 자원봉사 활동 만족도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난 반면 활동기간의사회적 책임성은 유의하지 않았다. 또한 자원봉사 활동 만족도는 자원봉사활동 기간과 사회적 책임 간에매개역할을 하는 것으로 조사되었다. 따라서 청소년의 사회적 책임감을 제고시키기 위해서는 자원봉사활동만족도를 높이고, 이를 위해서는 자원봉사활동을 지속할 수 있는 프로그램의 개발과 실천이 중요하다.

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data for long-term sustainable volunteer ratherthan a one-time volunteer by investigating the effect of adolescents’ volunteer on socialresponsibility. In this study, 390 students of middle school and high school living in Gyeonggi-do wereinterviewed by using questionnaires from August 1 to August 31 in 2012 and 363 students werecollected. Among them 346 cases were used in the final research. For data processing the SPSS18.0 statistical package was used and AMOS 21.0. was used for a causal relationship between thevariables. As the results of this study, volunteering period was shown to affect volunteer satisfaction,whereas not to affect social responsibility significantly. Also volunteer satisfaction acted as anintermediary between volunteering period and the social responsibilityTherefore, in order to enhance youth's social responsibility it is important to enhance volunteersatisfaction, and to develop sustainable volunteering program.

This study explored the use of Figure Therapy work when counseling adolescents. We call the inner child who is being hurt from the childhood. The healing would be necessary for him to be free from the hurt inner child. The primary aim of the study is to explore the impact of childhood wounds on Figure Therapy. Trauma Family Therapy developed Figure Therapy, a therapeutic process that helps to restore peace and healing to family members entangled with the fates of those from previous generations. Trauma Family Therapy revolutionized family systems therapy by illuminating the hidden, and often destructive, loyalties within families. The author concludes that Figure Therapy work can be used to help adolescents and their parents become aware their patterns of thinking and acting.

This study explored the use of Figure Therapy work when counseling adolescents of intra-familiar sexual abuse. Trauma Family Therapy developed Figure Therapy, a therapeutic process that helps to restore peace and healing to family members entangled with the fates of those from previous generations. Trauma Family Therapy revolutionized family systems therapy by illuminating the hidden, and often destructive, loyalties within families. The author concludes that Figure Therapy work can be used to help adolescents and their parents become aware their patterns of thinking and acting.

The purpose of this study was to investigate self expression with parents, friends, and teachers targeting adolescents using consensual qualitative analysis method (CQR: Consensual Qualitative Research. Hill, 2011; Hill, Knox, Thompson, Williams, Hess, & Ladany, 2005). The subjects of study were 10 high school students(5 boys, 5 girls) nominated by school teachers and peers. As a result, high school students’ self expression was finally derived 8 domains and 21 categories. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, self expression with parents was derived four categories from the two domains; expression within the range which did not cause a worry to parents and avoidance or silence. Second, self expression with friends was derived 13 categories from the four domains; scanning group atmosphere, difficulty in true expression, recognition of the importance on expression attitudes, and cyber expression culture. Third, self expression with teachers was derived four categories from the two domains; difficulties in the evaluation of teachers and difficulties associated with courtesy. This study extended the overall understanding of self expression by addressing how adolescents express and why they express in that way, investigating self expression with parents, friends, and teachers who adolescents usually build a relationship. Also, it is important that this study provided a basic information focused on self expression education and counseling for adolescents.

이 연구는 퀴어영화에서 그려지는 ‘청소년’ 성 소수자의 이미지를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 통해 대중들의 성 소수자에 대한 인식을 파악할 수 있고, 청소년 성 소수자들이 처해있는 동시대의 현실을 분석할 수 있다. 이를 통해 사회적으로 잘 드러나지 않는 청소년 성 소수자들에 대한 인식의 현실과 이상의 차이를 진단하고 사회와 교육현장이 변화해야할 방향성을 제시한다. 연구대상 영화는 [잭 앤 다이앤], [가장 따뜻한 색, 블루], [그의 시선], [야간비행], [문라이트], [어바웃레이], [톰보이]로 총 7편이며, 연구 문제는 퀴어 영화 속 주인공의 이미지, 주인공의 주변 환경, 영화 속 청소년 성 소수자에 대한 사회적 시선, 교육적 시사점이다. 분석 결과 청소년 성 소수자의 공통적 이미지는 말 수가 적고 예술적 취미나 활동을 즐기는 것으로 나타났다. 주변 환경 분석에서는 가족들의 지지를 받지 못하며, 또래 관계에서 피해자와 약자의 이미지로 그려진다. 또한 학교와 교사는 청소년 성 소수자와 무관한 개별적 관계로 나타난다. 사회적 시선으로는 미국, 프랑스, 브라질, 한국 중 한국이 동성애에 대한 사회적 수용도가 가장 낮았다. 마지막으로 교육적 측면에서는 청소년 성 소수자의 인권 존중을 위해 주변 인물들에 대한 제도적·교육적 지원이 필요하며, 교육 환경 전반에 걸친 변화가 요구된다.

This study is qualitative content analysis research that analyze the images of sexual minority adolescents represented in queer films. Research questions include: First, What are the images of main characters in films? Second, what are the circumstances surrounding main characters in films? Third, how is the social perspective on sexual minority adolescents in films? Lastly, What are the educational implications of queer films? According to analyzing, there was not difference between sexual minority adolescents and majorities. In spite of this fact, our society has exclusive attitudes and discrimination against sexual minority adolescents. It is cleared that such an unjust situation is caused by labeling, made by families, peers and educational environment. For the society in which various sexual identities are respected, it is necessary to bring their issue in public discourse. Especially, for the most neglected adolescents among the sexual minorities, the change starting from the educational environment is required to prevent deprivation of equal educational rights and human rights violations. Therefore, their existence should not be neglected and their issue should be discussed in public. Recently, researches on social minority are on the rise, but researches on sexual minority ‘Adolescents’ are still hardly found. Therefore, researches on sexual minority ‘adolescents’ needs to be conduct with various research methods by using quantitative research. Also further researches should be carried out with many other mass media contents for broaden research scope and profound study.