Earticle

In organizations with broadly defined and nebulous job description, the employees need to take initiative in accomplishing tasks. Discretionary behaviors may contribute more than in-role behaviors to performance in this situation. Research in organizational behavior has shown that emotion plays a critical role in predicting discretionary behavior. However, traditional measurements of information technology (IT) use can not capture all the discretionary behaviors and identify effective IT usage, and most IT use research focuses on the cognitive antecedents, while pays little attention to its emotion antecedents. Therefore, it is important to explore the emotion antecedents of IT effectiveness. Based on the results of previous discretionary behavior research, we make a preliminary recognition of discretionary behaviors in IT context and propose a conceptual model, which shows the important role of emotion for IT effectiveness, and the relationships among emotions, discretionary IT behaviors, and IT effectiveness. The conceptual model proposed in this paper not only provides an explanation of how emotion affects IT effectiveness and why simply IT use may not always lead to IT effectiveness, but also reveals the areas which further research is needed to better understand IT use and IT effectiveness.

Active SNS and the amount of data which increases very fast these days, at WEF, the first remarkable technology of arising 10th technology of 2012 is called Big Data. Big Data extracts the value of collected, saved, analyzed, and processed large data by using database management tool. In this paper, the data structured and unstructured on SNS has set its position through abstracting significant information from the Big Data technology. From this Big Data, more information can be achieved to set position by abstracting materials from unstructured data.

This paper determined students' interests on: 1) film selections, 2) group discussion and exams, and 3) continuous learning using western films. The results indicate that 1) they were likely to be more confident and expressive when stories have easy sequence of events that may help them organize opinions well for effective communication; 2) characterization spoke about their present situation, and that gave them enough knowledge about future's life; 3) they were likely to be more interested to join discussions and other types of classroom activities because film selections or topics have abundant cultural inputs to make them more logical in reasoning and decision-making; 4) they were likely to be more active due to the native or foreign speaker’s teaching techniques, accent, and diction that can better their learning and performance skills; 5) "thinking like a native speaker" technique could help them express their thoughts and feelings spontaneously and freely without cultural boundaries; 6) they were more motivated to learn English because grouping or pairing helped them compare and contrast the amount of their learning with other students' as basis for improvement; 7) when a teacher seemed not strict, but rather helpful, they were likely to be more focused on completing any classroom activities; 8) they were assertive to participate in discussion and activity because theme, plot, characterization, and conflict involved in the analysis attracts them to better understand other cultures and their own culture; and 9)they were more attentive when a teacher gave challenging questions. Oxford (2012) believes that "when allowed to learn in their favorite way, unpressured by learning environment or other factors, students often use strategies that directly reflect their preferred learning." Consequently, this paper will serve as basis for needs or situational analysis for establishing language teaching inputs to develop students’ amount of language learning by considering their attitude of openness to cultural understanding between them and their teachers by using western films in a big class size.

The Environmentally sensitive L-system expresses the shapes of topiary by "Query module". This L-system is hard to model the tree that have multilevel growth domain, because this system confine limited the growth using a unit volume. We extended environmentally sensitive L-system for multilevel and multimodal topiary and added the rule of main-branch and growth-area-variable in this paper. If the main-branch moves into another domain in the growing process, it is branched with the new domain as its growth-limitation area. Growth-area variable is used for checking area. We also designed new L-system for leaves. This designed L-system generated various shaped leaves from same rule by changing parameter value. The proposed tree modelling technique is possible to model various sort of garden tree. The proposed tree modelling technique is possible to model multilevel and multimodal tree.

This paper described the application of reverse engineering in product design and development; effectively solved the design and subsequent engineering design, manufacturing link disjoint problems; put forward a kind of using computer software Pro/Designer, Pro/ Engineer and SolidWorks seamless connection method in the process of product design; industrial product modeling design and the engineering and manufacturing of coherence have opened up a new way; the design process will provide effective measures for the product design system, so as to shorten the product design and development cycle and realize the product design system.

This paper explains the design of the AFT_CCE (an Adaptive Fault Tolerance running on a Cloud Computing Environment). The cloud computing environment distributes IT (Information Technology) resources and allocates according to user's request, so there should be a study on technology that manages these resources effectively. An example of ubiquitous applications based on a cloud computing environment is a multimedia education system. Since ubiquitous applications based on a cloud computing environment need situation-aware middleware services and computing environment (e.g., resources) keeps changing as the applications change, it is challenging to detect errors and recover them in order to provide seamless services and avoid a single point of failure for a cloud computing environment.

In the data stream classification process, in addition to the solution of massive and real-time data stream, the dynamic changes of the need to focus and study. From the angle of detecting concept drift, according to the dynamic characteristics of the data stream. This paper proposes a new classification method for data stream based on the combined use of concept drift detection and classification model. The data stream classification model can’t adapt to concept drift problem to solve. Before the model classification, the use of information entropy to judge the data block concept drift, the concept of history to have appeared, the use of a classifier pool mechanism to save it, to makes the classification model has stronger resistance to concept drift.

With the popularization and application of the internet, traditional pattern of public opinion has changed basically, and internet public opinion is cause for more and more concern. Among it, the monitoring and response to internet public opinion has become a new important task around the world. Based on the theory of internet public opinion ecology system’s constitutes, this paper built up an internet ecological monitoring and response system model, including public opinion monitoring information collection, analysis, and response modules, and discussed how to monitor and respond to internet public opinion, how to transform passive response to active research management, and make rational decisions, not emotional decisions. This has certain significance for the establishment of specific systems, and the study internet public opinion scientific, systematic.

According to as urge in demand of wireless body area network (WBAN), there are many researches on WBAN based on standard IEEE 802.15.6. These researches focused on physical layer, media access control (MAC) layer and network layer based on IEEE 802.15.6. Since network topology in the standard is defined as one hop star plus one, the previous research focused on one hop star topology and a multiple hopstechnic wasn’t applied to WBAN. Based on network topology of WBAN, acluster-based meaning two hops technic is considered in this paper. Incluster-based WBAN, a cluster header (CH) forward the received data packet from a sensor to the coordinator, therefore, an over concentration that is a reason of deterioration of performance, can be avoided and then the performance of system is improved. However, the optimal access probability that can achieve the highest through put is changed depending on a number of clusters. The optimization method of access probability is proposed and the calculation result shows that the cluster-based topology system out performs one hop star topology.