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This research aims to study the instructional content knowledge to guide disabled persons through therapeutic riding. To achieve this purpose, related literature, observation data, and in-depth interview data were collected. For the in-depth interview, three instructors who directly teach therapeutic riding were selected as the research participants. The collected data were used to prepare the case record of each research participant and the individual synthetic profiles and these were encoded and the purpose of guiding therapeutic riding, understanding of the disabled, the guiding strategy of therapeutic riding, and guiding contents were analyzed using the Spradley(1980)’s domain and taxonomic analysis method as the basic framework. The conclusion derived from this research method is as follows. The therapeutic riding instructors aimed to heal the disabled persons physically and mentally through therapeutic riding and, through this, to improve their quality of life, and they thought that it was necessary to know and understand disabled persons’ unique needs in guiding them through therapeutic riding. And they created the atmosphere in which the disabled persons can gain confidence and were pleased and happy, and they strategically used speed adjustment, horseback riding together, and the help of parents and continued to plan and attempt the self-improvement and new strategy. Finally, through inspection and evaluation, the contents suitable to the disabled persons were selected, and they were making preparations for guidance by collecting information through diverse methods based on their own experiences

The purpose of this study was to investigate into the factors for constraint of people with disability through horse riding and analyze their overcoming efforts for participations in horse riding in order to develop the participation in horse riding for therapeutic riding. The participants of this study were the parents whose child with disability participate in therapeutic riding in Seoul city and Kyungi province. Convenience sampling was used for collection of targets of this study and 193 parents in total were collected throughout the requests towards horse riding clubs in Seoul city and Kyungi province. The contents of questionnaire included the factors of constraint on the participation of their child with disability in therapeutic ridingy such as things, events, persons, time, environment and social system. Moreover, the study participants were asked to answer on how to participate in horse riding in spite of constraint. The data of this study was conducted and analyzed by content analysis. The followings in below are the results of this study. The first of all, the factors as the constraint on participation in the therapeutic riding are financial problems, program problems, horse riding facility problems, budget problems, instructors' problems and public relations problems in order. Second, the overcoming efforts on the constraint were efforts for the participation in spite of convenience, efforts in preparation for the class in advance. adjustment of schedules, relationships with other parents, efforts for finance, efforts for collection of information, family sacrifice and efforts for civil appeal in order.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors of job satisfactions and dissatisfactions and to provide fundamental database for improving employee job satisfaction as well as working environment. A total of 304 administrators or leaders completed the survey. They are those who are working at different athletic associations for disabled person, sports associations, and sports facilities for the disabled. Open-ended questions were designed for employee job satisfaction. A content analysis was conducted to categorize the data. In order to analyze the categorized data, a chi- square test was used for the cross-tabulation tables with the SPSS WIN 13.0 software package. The results showed that self- achievement, working hours, and personal relationship were the main factors of job satisfaction and that job characteristics, salary, and working environment were the factors of job dissatisfaction. The results also indicated that job satisfaction level was significantly different between male and female, age groups, disabled/non-disabled groups, working places, employment status, job positions, and their majors. Finally, job dissatisfaction was also significantly different between male and female, employment status, and job positions.

As result of identifying realities of tasks of geriatric care giver and examining influential factors of their job satisfaction, this study found out the following. First, most of geriatric care giver are temporary workers (part-timers), and so their job status is unstable. Their economic compensation is also insufficient. Second, despite a low guarantee of status, they make much account of job satisfaction, self-development, relationships with colleagues and superiors, and organizations, but for compensation and promotion, they cognize trivially. Third, self-development positively influenced job satisfaction, but compensation and promotion, relationships with colleagues and superiors, and organization satisfaction did not influence job satisfaction. Therefore, this result indicates that improving job satisfaction through self- development programs is important in personnel management of geriatric care giver.

This study selected as the study participants were conducted by the Physical Activity in the Marine Corps barracks life of reservists who have experienced injury. Recovery after injury, rehabilitation of barracks life in athletic activities, this study is to explore the experience. Study participants after the military service was limited to participants 1-3 years reunion activities within three years as a Marine Corps reservist activities that researchers constantly. Chosen as the Marines are volunteering reunion participants for the following reasons: To contribute in the direction of the development phase of the gun, and the Marine Corps spirit in the gun, and affection for, becauseSo, it was chosen because it would deepen the story of this study to the question of military service was his recovery from deep feelings of inner experience. Study participants as a group of two physical activity are saying. First: Power maintenance and evaluation of the parameters to take advantage of the physical activities and the nature of the athletic activity. Second: the barracks life of leisure aspects of sports activities were being separated. These two common injury in athletic activities to be attack power loss of the private soldiers of the battle as a tool to maintain that feeling. However, the results were derived Attack of the tool, not as a soldier after an injury rehabilitation to recover the body and mind that can create an organization of young soldiers for the country, the sacred duty of national defense truly feel proud to be the subtleties need.

The purpose of this study was to suggest the construction and planning of new after school instructor pooling system based on surveyed opinion and assessment of management organization. This study identified the issues on after school sports instructors' low job security that is not applicable to P.E. teachers. It was based on their hiring status according to irregular, temporary and contract working conditions of sports instructors. Also many school principals experienced the difficulties in employing new instructors. It was emphasized the need to construct the after school sports instructors pooling system. Based on surveyed opinion and assessment of management organization, it suggested that the 16 local educational offices were the optimal management organization for the after school sports instructors pooling system. And it suggested that the pooling system should be concerned about accepting the both need of instructors and schools, expanding the range of sports instructors and including various contents of information. It should be concerned about suggesting to context of information, range of instructor, use method.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of self-efficacy on interpersonal relation disposition according to the participation in the extra-curriculum related to dancing. The subjects of this study were 218 participants who were elementary school students taking part in the extra-curriculum related to dancing in Seoul city purposeful convenience sampling. To analysis the data collected for this study, SPSS 21.0 version was used for descriptive, reliability analysis, t-test and standard multiple regression analysis. From the analysis of this study, the following conclusions were obtained. First, the participation in the extra-curriculum related to dancing affect self- efficacy and interpersonal relation disposition, Seocond, self-efficacy influences interpersonal relation disposition.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the bullying experience of students majoring in dance in middle and high schools on cognitive flexibility and the peer relations and dance exercise. The subjects of this study were 288 studnets who are majoring in dance sports in middle and high schools in Seoul and Gyunggi-do. To analysis the data collected for this study, SPSS 21.0 version was used for descriptive, reliability and factor analysis, correlation analysis, standard multiple regression analysis and AMOS 18.0 was used for testifying a casual relation. 1) The bullying experience of students who are majoring in dance influences partially on cognitive flexibility. The higher bullying experience, the more negative peer relations students have. 2) The bullying experience of students who are majoring in dance influences partially on the peer relations. The higher bullying experience, the more negative peer relations students have. 3) The cognitive flexibility by the bullying experience of students who are majoring in dance influence partially on the peer relations. The better cognitive flexibility, the higher peer relations they have. 4) There was casual relationship among the bullying experience of students who are majoring in dance, peer relations and cognitive flexibility.

The purpose of this research is to analyze the formation process of deviant behavior of elderly people in Korea and present supporting data for the crime prevention and the enhancement of the quality of life of the elderly people by exploring the chances of recovery through regular leisure activities. To achieve this research purpose, elderly people aged over 65 in Incheon City were selected as the subjects of this research by using purposeful sampling. First, it was found that the elderly people in the deviant behavior formation period felt the sense of alienation from the retirement of social activities, or the sense of loneliness and isolation after the death of spouse or moving out of their children, and the sense of relative deprivation in the loneliness and in their appearance different from the past, and they suffered from much stress through conflicts between family members and the members of society amid the isolation and severance. However, it was found that the degree of satisfaction with life, the sense of happiness and confidence were enhanced through regular leisure activities. Second, it was found that the elderly people in the deviant behavior conflict period felt the sense of helplessness amid death of people around them and uneasiness about their own future, and justified the social deviant behavior taking advantage of social position of elderly people and expressed their anger at society. However, it was found that through participation in regular leisure activities, the sense of helplessness and the dissatisfaction with society were reduced and the positive thinking and the degree of satisfaction with life were enhanced. Third, it was found that the elderly people in the deviant behavior formation period committed deviant behavior such as crimes due to isolation from society, the sense of economic deprivation and psychological pressures after retirement. However, it was found that as they interacted with society members with the same interests through participation in regular leisure activities, they showed resocialization through which they resolved psychological uneasiness.

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of volunteer work commitment on successful aging life of middle-aged and advanced-aged retiree’s retirement through analysis of the intermediating effect of volunteer activity absorption. The participation of this study 274 elderly people who were convenient sampling from the elderly residents in Incheon. For acconplishing this study for analyzing the collected data were reliability analysis, descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, standard multiple regression analysis. From the analysis of this study, the following conclusions were obtained: First, according to the participated in volunteer work activities of elderly people, it was partially effected on successful aging and volunteer activity absorption. Second, the degree of participation of elderly people's volunteer work activities, it was partially effected on successful aging and volunteer activity absorption. Lastly the elderly successful aging life and volunteer work commitment are related to the intermediating effect of volunteer activity absorption

This paper is purposed to analysis for leisure activities constraints according to overcome mechanism of the overcome mechanism in korea. This study were used quality research method. The subjects of this study was selected by purposeful sampling method from the non-participants and participants in leisure activities 2012f residing in Daegu area. They were above 65 year old. The using 8 data for approach quality method. The analysis methods utilized constant comparative method form case record analysis and inductive categorical system. From the analyses of the data, this study reaches the following conclusions: Firstly, the Korea aged leisure constraints was intrapersonal constraints, interpersonal constraints, structural constraints. Secondly, the Korea aged leisure constraints overcome was health rehabilitation for motivation, change of the attitude, increase of need, search of new partner, search of facilities and program.

This study aims to define the relation between Adult Taekowndo club members' sports preference, leisure activity professionalism and their socio-psychological health. To that end, the population was comprised of members of Taekwondo clubs in the areas of Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. 334 subjects were selected using the purpose sampling method. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 18.0 and Amos 18.0 programs to define the correlation between variables. The causation between variables was analyzed using the covariance structure analysis. The study reached the following conclusion: First, there was a significant positive correlation between Adult Taekwondo club members' preference for sports, their leisure activity professionalism and their socio-psychological health. Second, Adult Taekwondo club members' preference for sports had a significant positive effect on their leisure activity professionalism and their socio-psychological health. Third, their leisure activity professionalism had a significant positive effect on their socio-psychological health. And, their leisure activity professionalism had a partial mediating effect on sports preference and socio-psychological health.

The purpose of this study was to determine effects of the sports-fishing tournament game on centra nervous fatigue related factor. The subjects participated for this study were participants in sports-fishing tournament game, and then they were divided into two groups (n=8 per group): exercise group; athlete career under ten years group, athlete career over ten years group. Blood samples were taken from vein in pre-game and post-game. All data were analyze by two-way ANOVA of SPSS. The results of this study were as follows: 1) Serotonin level of between groups increased significantly in athlete career under ten years group with athlete career over ten group after the sports-fishing tournament game, within time course increased significantly in athlete career under ten years group and athlete career over ten years group at post-game(p<.05). 2) Catecholamine (epinephrine and norepinephrine) level of between groups and time course was no significant(p>.05). In conclusion, sports-fishing tournament game induced central nervous fatigue can effect changes of nervous fatigue related factor. This results suggested that increased serotonin by stress of sports-fishing tournament game effect harmfully on exercise performance.

The present study is conducted with an aim to investigate the effects of the hydrotherapy exercise rehabilitation program and aerobic exercises on the change of abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat in obese. For this purpose, 23 obese women living in I city were put to 8 weeks sessions of hydrotherapy exercise rehabilitation program and aerobic exercise. Each of them was assigned evenly to the control group(n=8), aerobic exercise group(n=7) and hydrotherapy exercise rehabilitation program group(n=8). Observable variants included abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat for the analysis through two-way ANOVA repeated measurements of the mixed design. The results obtained are as follows: In the group that practiced hydrotherapy exercise rehabilitation program, visceral fat area showed a statistically significantly decreasing in line with the elongated period of exercise, which stands in contrast with the aerobic exercises group and control group. In the group that aerobic exercise and hydrotherapy exercise rehabilitation program, abdominal total fat area and subcutaneous fat area showed a statistically significantly decreasing in line with the elongated period of exercise, which stands in contrast with the control group.

This study was performed to identify the difference of shoulder and elbow joint ROM according to positions in pitchers and hitters. 60 professional baseball players(pitchers, catchers, outfielders, infielders) were selected for this study. Body composition(weight, BMI, %Fat) was analyzed by using Inbody 4.0. Flexion, internal rotation and external rotation of shoulder joint and dominant thumb up the back, flexion and extension ROM of elbow joint were measured by using Goniometer. The difference of ROM was statistically analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, statistically significant level was p<.05. The results were as follows, 1) Dominant shoulder flexion ROM was higher significantly in pitchers compared to catchers(p<.05) and infielders(p<.05). 2) Non-dominant shoulder flection ROM was lower significantly in catchers compared to pitchers(p<.01) and infielders(p<.05). 3) Dominant shoulder external rotation ROM was higher significantly in pitchers compared to outfielders(p<.05) and infielders(p<.05). 4) Dominant ER/IR total ROM was higher significantly in pitchers compared to catchers(p<.01) and infielders(p<.05). 5) Non dominant ER/IR total ROM was higher significantly in pitchers compared to catchers(p<.01) and infielders(p<.05). 6) Dominant elbow flexion ROM was lower significantly in catchers compared to pitchers(p<.01), outfielders(p<.05) and infielders(p<.05). In conclusion, pitchers and catchers might need flexibility and stability of shoulder and elbow joint to endure strong rotatory power. Thus, an effort and management are required to prevent injury

The purpose of this study was to analysis the effects of 12 weeks Dancesport exercise on body composition and Leptin hormone in elderly women. The subjects were 22 elderly women and randomly assigned to two groups: Dancesport(n=15), Control(n=7). Physical composition & Leptin hormone concentration were compared by two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results of the present study were as follows: 1) After proceeding 12 weeks of Dancesport exercise: significant decrease of physical composition was observed (p〈.05) in training group, but increase was observed in control group; and significant difference was observed(p〈.05) between the groups. 2) After proceeding 12 weeks of Dancesport exercise: Leptin hormone concentration decreased in training group, a little decreased in control group also but the difference as insignificant; insignificance was also observed between the groups. These results suggest that the change of BMI and related hormones in elderly women require longer term than the program of 12 weeks. Also, The results of the given study are considered very useful in establishing the exercise prescription of the elderly generation. and Dancesport is partly recommended to prevent obesity for elderly women.

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of social dance program on the mental health with serotonin and growth hormone for youth shelter in adolescents The subjects were randomly divided into two groups; Youth shelter (N=11) and normal adolescents(N=10) group. Mental Health with serotonine and growth horomone were measured pro and post program. The results pro program is youth shelter in Adolescents were showed significantly changes of Mental health. In Social dance program, there showed were significance Mental health factor in depression(p=.003), anger (p=.006), vigor(p=.001) on groups. In serotonin and growth hormone, there showed were significance on groups. but, post program were significance (p<.001) on time in All groups. That the combined serotonin ware positively relate to Mental health factor in vioge and combined growth hormone ware positively relate to Mental health factor in vioge and depreeion.