Earticle

The purpose of this study was to examine the Effects of self-esteem of the elderly in social dance on psychological happiness and life-satisfaction. For achieving this purpose, we surveyed for old people who respectively participated in social dance. Data was processed using SPSS 18.0 program, with which the frequency analysis, factor analysis, regression analysis were conducted. As a result, this study revealed some following conclusions. First, was living elderly people who participated in the dance lower age, higher household income, higher self-esteem. Also appeared to feel the collective health status of populations and their social dance 3-4 times a week to participate in good psychological happiness. Showed that women rather than men, the lower age groups, a group of high-income households, good health, high life satisfaction group. Second, social dance participating in the self-esteem of the elderly showed a positive impact on psychological happiness. Third, self-esteem showed a positive impact on the life satisfaction of the elderly to participate in the social dance.

In this study, relationship and sociability between classmates and friends will positively develop, as empowerment about participation in Leisure sports, bullying and suicidal desire of adolescents, we're set up the study problem that these kind of positive effect will have an effect on positive influence on bullying and suicidal desire of empowerment of adolescents in participation in leisure sports. To solve the study problem, we're set up the variable like that ; independent variable is participation in sport activities, dependent variable is suicidal desire, and, intermediation variable are empowerment and bullying. First, there was correlated among adolescent's participation degree in leisure sports, empowerment and bullying and suicidal desire. Second, The result of the empowerment of adolescents on bullying, sub-variable was effect on bullying by static influence. Third, The result of the empowerment of adolescents on suicidal desire, sub-variable was effect on suicidal desire by static influence. Forth, The result of the bullying of adolescents on suicidal thought, sub-variable was effect on suicidal desire by static influence. Finally, The tested result of casual models on the influence of empowerment of participation in Leisure sports of adolescents, bullying and suicide thought.

This study was to investigate the study of anger, delinquent behavior and positive effect for participation in leisure sports among the korean aged. The participants of this study 402 elderly people who were multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling from the elderly residents in Korea. For accomplishing this purpose of the study, the survey questionnaires were used to collect data. The statistical methods utilized in this study for analyzing the collected data were reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, standard multiple regression analysis, path analysis. From the analysis of this study, the following conclusions were obtained: First, according to the participated in leisure activities for elderly people of socio-demographic characteristics, it was partially effected on anger and delinquent behavior. Second, participation in leisure sports is partially influences on the anger. Third, participation in leisure sports is partially influences on the delinquent behavior. Fourth, participation in leisure sports among the korean aged anger is partially influences on the delinquent behavior. Lastly there is a causal relationship between the participation in leisure sports, anger and delinquent behavior.

Exercise treatements against metabolic syndrome risk factors that are accelerated by aging and hypokinetics have actively been proposed. However, the major therapeutic exercise trials against the risk factors are as aerobic exercise and moreover insufficient to the optimal form and intensity for the strength exercise. Strength exercise is known to increase muscle mass and strength in the various intensities, and followed by the promotion of basal metabolic rate and the reduction of fat mass. These changes play roles to reverse obesity and to regulate metabolic disease. Compared to aerobic exercise, strength exercise has shown to higher energy expenditure at rest as well as during exercise because of the increased muscle amount. Thus, it would be summarized the increase in energy consumption due to strength exercise have remarkable contribution in weight control. Moreover it has additional benefits on health such as bone density, balance, coordination, mobility to allow exercise longer and safer through the body movements and operations. On the other hand, it would be obtained more desirable metabolic responses from the combination of strength and aerobic exercise.

The purpose of this study is to analyze changes of basal physical fitness and blood pressure by sex and age bracket and provide the preliminary data for promotion of health by figuring out and comparing the actual conditions of the elderly basal physical fitness over age 65 which is not grasped currently. Following are the results from measuring physique, physical fitness and blood pressure of the elderly people over age 60. First, it found differences in height, weight and body fat percentage of male and female elderly people. The male muscular strength and muscular endurance were higher while flexibility was higher in female. On the other hand, there was no differences in balance and cardiorespiratory endurance. The male retrogression of factors about physical fitness is faster than female and it has been a rapid decline due to lack of continuous ability to maintain factors. That's why elderly women has a longer lifespan than elderly men on an average. Second, the difference in height and weight between sixties and seventies is negligible while they rapidly decrease in eighties and beyond except for body fat percentage. There was small difference in muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and cardiorespiratory endurance but the elderly people over eighties is less capable of them. But balance was shown to decrease over seventies. It means that the first thing to degenerate is sense of balance and therefore solution to overcome it is needed. Third, blood pressure factor by age bracket was shown to a have difference in DBF(diastolic blood pressure). This is applied to the fact that aerobic exercise in elderly people is key factor of health

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive exercise(Aero-step and vibration exercise) on strength of lower extremity, balance and walking ability in elderly women. Sixty older adults were participated in the study as subjects and were assigned. In the older adults of the experimental group(n=30), the proprioceptive exercise was performed. General exercise was performed in the control group(n=30). Both groups exercised 30~50minute a day, 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Strength were evaluated by Sit up & down, balance ability was evaluated by Berg Balance Scale(BBS), One Leg Stance(OLS), Functional Reach Test(FRT) and Timed Up & Go(TUG) test for determining the walking ability. The data of the experimental group and control group were analyzed by paired t-test between before and after each exercise. The independent t-test was used to compare the experimental group and the control group. The results of this study were summarized as follows : There were significant improvement in strength of lower extremity(p<.001), BBS(p<.001), OLS(p<.001) FRT(p<.001) and TUG(p<.001) after proprioceptive exercise. The strength of lower extremity(p<.05), BBS(p<.05), OLS(p<.001), FRT(p<.01) and TUG(p<.01) were statistically different between the experimental group and the control group. In conclusion, proprioceptive exercise can be effective on strength of lower extremity, balance and walking ability in elderly women. Thus, proprioceptive exercise may be prevent falling of elderly women by improve strength of lower extremity and balance.

This research is conducted to analyze the effect on how the type of an elastic band exercise affects an ageing-related hormone such as growth hormone, DHEA-S, and estrogen. 26 healthy elderly women who usually didn't workout were divided into two groups randomly. During 12weeks, one group which consisted of 13 members did the anaerobic band exercise and the other group consisted of 13 members did the aerobic band exercise. The method of statistics to analyse the result was used two-way repeated ANOVA. The result of its analysis was as below. First, their weight made meaningful differences on exercise time, group, and interaction (p<.05). Second, growth hormone and estrogen produced a meaningful difference on exercise time (p<.05). Third, DHEA-S didn't produced any meaningful difference on exercise time, group, and interaction. In conclusion, as taking part in exercise of the elderly women maintains capability of daily life and reduces decline of functional atrophy on ageing process and ageing hormone, it is thought that participating in exercise will prevent diseases related ageing from main causes of occurrence.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and correlation analysis of long-term exercise on diabetes indicators, lipids profile and pancreatic cancer factor in the elderly with type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus. For the purpose, the subjects(n=40) were assigned into two groups; the long-term exercise group(LTEG, n=22), non-exercise group(MG, n=18). The aerobic and resistance exercise programs were conducted five days per week for 1 year. The results were as follows : The first, the variables of diabetes indicators showed significant difference in both BG and HbA1c between groups(p<.05). The second, the variables of lipid profiles were significantly different in TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C between groups(p<.05). The third, the variable of pancreatic cancer factor were significantly different in CEA and CA19-9 between groups(p<.05). At last, the CA19-9 of pancreatic cancer factor were correlation with HbA1c and TC. Summary, the results of the study, according to diabetes, lipids profile and pancreatic cancer factor improved through long-term regular exercise, and then prevention and treatment of pancreatic cancer was found to be effective.

The In this study of elderly participation in physical activity, physical fitness, and quality of life effects of health promotion programs in order to determine the health status of the elderly to participate in a lifestyle survey aims to change the results were as follows. Now the motion before walking 2.5M 14.01±1.38, 13.11±1.75 after exercise was significantly decreased after exercise participation (p<.05), the equilibrium Castle exercise. 4.63±1.56, 5.77±3.02 after exercise significantly increased(p<.05). The left hand grip exercise. 6.81±5.40, 8.19±5.74 after exercise were significantly higher (p<.05). Flexibility than before exercise participation were significantly increased after exercise (p<.05). Systolic blood pressure at rest after exercise than before exercise participation decreased significantly(p<.05), diastolic blood pressure at rest was significantly decreased after exercise than before (p<.001). Health-related quality of life score of 40 points in the program before 30.09 to 35.43, about 18% after the program was increased significantly (p<.001). Physical health status score of 75 points before the program 48.5 points, 39.1 points after the program was significantly increased by approximately 24% (p<.01). Self-esteem of the program before the 50-point score 31.86 points and 36.38 points, about 14 percent of the program was increased significantly (p <.01). Depression of the program before the score 15 points 4.29 points 6.19 points after the program was significantly reduced approximately 31% (p<.05). Results from more than 12 weeks of physical activity, such as the elderly, muscle strength, balance, and considering that the quality of life factors explain the elderly's health awareness program for the professional development of health behavior and theory development is needed.

This study has the purpose of preparing the basis for the development of Tai Chi exercise program as nursing mediation by verifying the effects of functions of the upper limbs, functional independence, and rehabilitative motivation on stroke patients who have entered facilities. This study has executed Tai Chi exercise program for eight weeks from July to September 2011 as a detailed quasi-experiment non-equivalent control group, and the SPSS 18.0 program was used to analyze the data. The results of verifying the hypothesis ‘the experiment group that has participated in Tai Chi exercise program will have a higher score in their functions of upper limbs than the control group’ was partially supported (t=7.600, p<.001; t=-.362, p=.719), and second hypothesis ‘the functional independence of the experiment group that has participated in Tai Chi exercise program will be higher than that of the control group’ was supported (t=22.187, p=.038), and third hypothesis ‘the rehabilitative motivation of the experiment group that has participated in Tai Chi exercise program will have a higher score than the control group’ was supported (t=-5.507, p<.001). Resultingly, Tai Chi exercise program applied in this study was verified as an effective nursing mediation. Tai Chi exercise program used in enhancing the will to participate in rehabilitation and to maintain independent life even with the chronic disease of stroke.

This study was performed to identify the effects of 12 weeks soccer play on physical fitness and metabolic Syndrome risk factors in male intellectual disability students. Thirty male students with register of intellectual disability – aged between 13 ~ 17 years old – were classified into soccer program group(n=15) and control group(n=15). Body composition (body weight, BMI, % body fat), metabolic syndrome risk factors(abdominal obesity, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, blood glucose level, TG, HDL-C), physical fitness factors (16m PACER, Modified Sit-up, Trunk flection) were measured. The results are as follows. 1) Blood glucose level significantly decreased after soccer program participation and is lower significantly Comparing to control group. 2) TG significantly decreased significantly after soccer program participation. 3) HDL significantly increased significantly after soccer program participation. 4) % body fat decreased significantly after soccer program participation. 5) 16m PACER decreased significantly after soccer program participation. 6) Modified Sit-up increased significantly after soccer program participation. 7) Trunk flection increased significantly after soccer program participation. Conclusion : 12 weeks soccer program improved high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, blood glucose level and could develop various physical fitness factors in male intellectual disability students. Additionally, it will improve the obesity with strengthening aerobic exercise component. Also, it could be useful exercise for not only intellectual disability students but also all adolescents through interesting soccer program.

The purpose of this study compared home-based program with a dose-matched control group for children with cerebral palsy. The study included 30 children with CP who were assigned to the home-based program or control group. Neuro-developmental treatment was conducted to all participants for 3 times a week applying 40 minutes at each time. Home-based program group of CP classification received individualized home-based interventions, 30 minutes a day, four a week for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were performed at pre-training, 6 and 12 weeks of post-training. The measure data from 30 final subjects of this study was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 for windows program and the followings are the results. First, the gross motor function measure(GMFM) and pediatric balance scale(PBS) showed significant difference in two groups as time goes and between two groups after therapeutic intervention but WeeFIM didn't show and significant difference. Second, there was significant difference of GMFM and PBS in post-training 6weeks to post-training 12weeks but pre-training to post-training 6weeks. These outcomes confirm that home-based program is a feasible and effective alternative to neuro-developmental treatment administered at clinics. Further research based on a larger sample, together with the use of different treatment dose and additional outcome measures, such as health-related quality of life and participation, are needed to validate the findings and search for an optimal treatment protocol and outcome measures.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of 16 weeks aerobic exercise and resistance exercise on obesity index and blood lipid in obese adolescence The subjects of this study were middle school overweight, and obese student(n=20, BMI󰀄85th percentile). The subjects were divided into following exercise group(n=10), and control group(n=10). Exercise group have performed on aerobic exercise at HRmax 60% of exercise intensity for 30 minutes and resistance exercise consisted of 1RM60%, frequenc 10∼12 Reps, 3 sets, 30 minutes per week was continued to 16weeks. The results following 1) Exercise training group significantly improved Total cholesterol(TC)(p<.01), HDL-cholesterol(p<.05), LDL-cholesterol(p<.01), Triglyceride(TG)(p<.05) in exercise group. 2) Exercise training group significantly improved weight(p<.05), BMI(p<.05), %fat(p<.01), waist circumference(p<.05) in exercise group. In conclusion, aerobic exercise and resistance exercise program in obese adolescent appears to be effective for improving on obesity index and blood lipid.

The purpose of this study was to examine the body composition and basic physical fitness of obese adolscence. The subjects in this study were 20 obese adolescence who were aged 15 and used K middle school in Seoul City. The selected obese adolescence wanted to get a physical checkup and included 20 obese adolescence. Their body composition(body weight, BMI, body fat percentage and Waist circumference) and physical fitness(agility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and power) were checked by 20 obese adolescence. The collected data were analyzed with a SPSS WIN 12.0 program, and descriptive statistics and two-way ANOVA. The aerobic exercise and resistance exercise program was preformed for 16weeks (80 minutes a day, 4 days a week). The findings of the study were as follows: The results showed that there were decrease in body weight, BMI, % body fat and waist circumference after 16 weeks and control group is not statistically signifiant. The obese Adolescent of the exercise group 10 in agility, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, and power were increase.