Earticle

This study attempted to figure out psychological determinants affecting elementary school obese students stages of change for exercise behavior with the application of the transferential model. As study subjects, elementary schools located in "C" province were selected, and 300 fifth and sixth graders attending the schools and getting an obesity index over 20% in the physical examination conducted in 2010 were chosen. Collected data went through analysis using SPSS 12.0 program and also computing processes, and the following results are gained. The distribution of elementary school obese students’ stages of change for exercise behavior was the stage of contemplation, preparation, maintenance, action, and precontemplation in order, and students doing no exercise or doing it irregularly took up 65%. what were statistically significant regarding the stages of change for exercise behavior according to their general traits were sex and place of living, and grade had no special correlation. Processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy by the stages of change for exercise behavior differed significantly, and it was explained in the order of cognitive process, self-efficacy, behavioral process, pros factor, and cons factor.

The purpose of this study was to figure out the difficulties experienced by coaches teaching rehabilitation exercise for the Aged in terms of their understanding of the characteristics of the age, course instruction, and learning environment. To achieve the proposed research purpose, three sports instructors for the aged working at senior community center, health center or senior citizen welfare center in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon areas were selected. Data were collected through In-depth interview, participant observation and documents. The collected data were analyzed using ‘domain analysis', 'taxonomic analysis' and 'componential analysis' suggested by Spradley (1979). Analysis of the collected data resulted in the following results. The coaches teaching rehabilitation exercise for the aged underwent difficulties in the three aspects. First of all, in terms of understanding the characteristics of the aged, they often failed to have a sense of intimacy that caused a difficulty in helping them learn. And as they met the aged at a time when they had no idea of physical activities in the past, and physical characteristics according to their job, personal characters and leisure activities, they were not able to figure out the general physical features of the aged. In terms of the course instruction, the instructors had great difficulties in planning programs due to diverse problems such as physical restriction, problem of place for activity, lack of equipment for the aged, interest and fun. Furthermore, they felt confused much on whom they focused while carrying out group activities for their differences in age, personal fitness, and clinical history. In terms of course environment, they felt difficulties in securing space and budget as they had to run the classes in different places and also they expressed their hardship for the lack of suitable teaching materials for the aged.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among physical activity level, acceptance of disability, and sociality of physically disables participated the club sports. 168 participants who were physically disabled and resided in Seoul and Gyeonggi had been selected for the study employing convenience sampling and judgement sampling. Data were analyzed by conducting, descriptive statistical analysis, Cronbach's α, confirmatory factor analysis, covariance structure analysis, and bootstrapping using SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. The following results were obtained the positive relationship among physical activity level, acceptance of disability, and sociality of physically disables participated the club sports. Concretely first, the physical activity level had a significant effect on acceptance of disability of physically disables participated the club sports. Second, the physical activity level had not a significant effect on sociality of physically disables participated the club sports. Third, the acceptance of disability had a significant effect on sociality of physically disables participated the club sports. Fourth, the more the physical activity level of physically disables participated the club sports was high, the more their acceptance of disability had been improved and when the participants who had a higher acceptance of disability, their sociality was high. In conclusion, the acceptance of disability keened to be a highly influential variable at relation of physical activity level and sociality according to the results of statistical comparisons.

Elite sport challenge to new technology seek for its own perfection provide the economic profit for school, team and local area, contribute to the community spirit, and have the function of foreign public information. However, despite terrible salary and unstable circumstances, the necessity for this study is to research the reason why elite sports coache's do not get another view on job, and to research which factors their attitude to keep their job are composed. Accordingly those athletic coache's who have worked as coach more than five years as the former athlete of athletic, gym, badminton and shooting among non-popular sports, were selected as intensive sample at this study and this has been proceeded in the way of the participation observation, interview in depth by the cultural and technological analysis of Spradley(1980). After this research, it has been found out that first, technology transfer, the new educational philosophy, in human relationships in the view of teach attraction second, interest in job, get in the orderd, easy one's mind in the view of vocation professional consciousness third, wealth and honor, one shot principle, once again in the view of great success expectation.

The purpose of this study researches that how the training environments of Taekwondo players Influence to the effective exercise commitment and social psychological satisfaction of athletes. The targets of this study were the Taekwondo athletes in middle and high school. They were sampled by convenience sampling method. Of sampled data, except for falsely answered, 266 data were used in the final analysis. The hypothesis was conducted by regression analysis, the results are as followings. Firstly, it shows that the factors of coach environment, members environment and program environment among the training environments of athletes influenced positive(+). Especially, it showed that because the factor of the coach environment had the greatest influence in the effective exercise commitment of athletes, it indicates that above all, the coach is the most important. Secondly, it shows that the factor of coach environment, training program environment, the factor of a colleague environment, systematic environment, facility environment influenced positive(+). Especially, because it indicated that the factor of the coach environment had the greatest influence, to improve the social psychological athletes satisfaction, it shows that above all, the coach is the most important. Thirdly, the effective exercise commitment of the athletes influenced positive (+) on the social psychological athletes satisfaction. These results shows that various environments interacted, the interacted environment increased the effective exercise commitment of athletes, finally the social psychological athletes satisfaction could increase through these causes.

The study was to investigate the effects of the Rehabilitation exercise program on blood inflammation and cardiovascular disease risk factor in Adult Day Care Elderly. The subjects consisted 20 elderly women between the aged of 75-90 years, Rihabilitation exercise were Elderly rehabilitation exercise Program of Korea Exercise Rehabilitation Association 12week. Body weight, body mass(BMI), fat mass(% fat) in body composition and blood pressure, cholesterol, C-reactive protein(CRP) in cardiovascular risk factor were measured pro and post exercise program. The results elderly rehabilitation exercise program participation were showed significantly not changes rate of body composition. Level of blood pressure, TC, LDL-C in serum were significantly lower in post exercise program(p<.001). But HDL-C were significantly higher in post exercise program(p<.001). CRP level were significantly lower in post exercise program(p<.001). There results suggest that elderly rehabilitation exercise program participation for 12weeks positively effects body composition, improvement of cardiovascular risk factor in the elderly women.

The study lies on the purpose of coming by the knowledge for the massage about being expected to the physical control and the injure of sports man, having the strong doubt about motor nerve conduction velocity in massage. The subjects participated for this study were 12 women table tennis athletes. The equipments of this study were at the Electronic Musde Chamber of H College Hospital. The results of this study is following. Motor nerve conduction velocity of the part's between hands and shoulders, in the case of Ulnar nerve, is more fost after the message than before the massage both right and left. Motor nerve conduction velocity of the part's between hand and shoulders, in the case of Median nerve, is more fast after the massage than before the massage both and right. Moter nerve conduction velocity of the legs, in the case of Tibial nerve, is more fast after the message than before the message both right and left. Moter nerve conduction velocity of the legs, in the case of Peroneal nerve, is more fast after the message than before the message both right and left. It showed more great distinctions on the skill of massage after than before the skill of massage, Effleurage stroke, patrissage kneading and friction compression, the mutual hand skills, turned out the major causes about the change of motor nerve conduction velocity.

The purpose of this study was investigate the effect of 8 weeks horseback riding program on the gross motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy. This study selected 30 in preterm born children with spastic cerebral palsy subjects of child education center in Ulsan city, and randomly assigned into 3 groups(horseback riding group: 10 persons, horseback riding machine group: 10 persons, control group: 10 persons). The program for each group was conducted for 45 minutes a day, 3 times per week for 8 weeks. The measurement for the dependent variables was taken 2 times; pre-exercise, 8 weeks after exercise. For data analysis, the mean and standard deviation were estimated by SPSS 12.0 programs; t-test was carried out to test mean differences, one-way ANOVA was conducted the variation between groups. The results of study are summarized as follows. 1. As for the variation of GMFM score, there was a significant difference between groups in the area of lying and rolling, sitting, crawling and kneeling(p<.05). 2. As for the variation of GMFM score between groups, according to the time of horseback riding exercise program, there was a statistically significant difference, in the horseback riding group, in the area of sitting, crawling and kneeling, significant difference, in the horseback riding machine group, only in the area of sitting, crawling and kneeling, and standing(p<.05).

The purpose of this study is on comparative analysis of risk factors for metabolic syndrome by the physical activities in elderly women. The conclusion is as follows. 1. Physical activities of subjects focused on low intensity-daily living. High intensity and moderate physical activities were almost not carried out. 2. Diagnostic rate of diseases on metabolic syndrome risk factors by age groups, especially the number of disease diagnosis, waist circumference, HDL-C and blood pressure increased significantly with age. 3. Level of risk factors for metabolic syndrome in elderly women did not show any significant difference. However, the average value of all risk factors near the diagnostic criteria, close to the very high indicated normal levels.

The aim of this study is to report on the case of effective exercise rehabilitation program for the right peroneal nerve injury-induced dysbasia after car accident. A 23-year-old man with an incomplete tetraplegia participated in this case study. He performed exercise rehabilitation program for 90~100 min once a day, 6 days per week, and continued 8 weeks. Before and after exercise rehabilitation program, basic physical fitness (such as body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, cardiovascular endurance, flexibility, and balance) and walking ability (such as 10m walking time and footprint) were measured. The present results showed that exercise rehabilitation program improves basic physical fitness and walking ability. Therefore, the present study suggested that exercise rehabilitation program for 8-weeks which we develop in this study is effective on walking ability in the incomplete tetraplegia patients.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of the median nerve mobilization on change of median nerve conduction velocity, grip strength and pain in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Twenty patients with carpal tunnel syndrome were recruited for this study, who gave written informed consent. Subjects were assigned randomly to either experimental group (n=10) or control group (n=10). Both groups received conventional physical therapy (hotpacks with 20 minutes and ultrasound with 15 minutes). In addition, subject group was applied the median nerve mobilization for 10 minutes per a day, 5 times per a week during 4 weeks. Median nerve conduction velocity was measured by EMG/EP system. Grip strength was measured by JAMAR Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer. Pain was measured by visual analog scale (VAS). In experimental group, there were statistically significant differences in motor latency, motor amplitude, sensory latency, and sensory amplitude of median nerve, grip strength and VAS between the pre- and the post-test. And in control group, there was a significant difference in VAS. Our results showed significant differences in motor latency, sensory latency, and sensory amplitude of median nerve, grip strength and VAS between groups. These results indicate that the median nerve mobilization is effective therapeutic method for patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. Therefore, it could be developed a variety of intervention method fitted for carpal tunnel syndrome patients in clinical settings.

This study was to examine the effects of leptin and adiponectin for women with abdominal obesity combined exercise in each group(Group Ⅰ: functional taping with caffeine including exercise, Group Ⅱ: exercise) for 8 weeks. The combined exercise was made an aerobic exercise for 40 min, the muscle training for 30 min, warm up and cool down for 20 min.The variables for leptin and adiponectin before and during 8 weeks of exercise was as followers. There was a increasingly significant difference on group 1 especially in group I (p<.01), II, and III with combined exercise program, and was a significant difference in group II (p<.05), but in group III was decreased. It is considered that the leptin and adiponectin are both effected in functional taping with caffeine. Therefore, taping with caffeine and combined exercise are positive way for middle aged abdominal women. It is considered the study with intensity, method with taping is needed for future researches.