Earticle

Routing in disconnected delay-tolerant mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) continues to be a challenging issue. Several works have been done to address the routing issues using the social behaviors of each node. Mobile Social Networks (MSNs) are increasingly popular type of Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs). The routing performance improves when knowledge regarding the expected topology and the social context information of the networks. In this paper, we introduce a new metric for data forwarding based on social context information, in which node’s social context information is used to calculate the encounter utility between a node and destination, and the social relationship of network nodes is used to calculate the betweenness centrality utility of a node. We combine two utility functions to derive the social strength among users and their importance. We also present social context-based data forwarding algorithm for routing decision. Extensive simulations on real traces show that the introduced algorithm is more efficient than the existing algorithms.

In this paper, we are going to explore how we have successfully implemented the interaction of KUKA youBot with LabVIEW using NI hardware C-RIO 9025, ether CAT cable and VGA cable. KUKA has recently launched a major research and development effort towards designing a mobile manipulation platform. We have been able to control the movement of all the five axis of youBot and gripper control. With the help of VGA cable we were able to establish connection between the youBot and PC to align youBot in its “open arm position”. Real time motion of youBot is achieved using C-RIO that is real-time embedded controller.

This research shows that there is a cosine changing of the distribution of the temperature field on an annual cycle, and a temperature changing lag exists for the different depth of subgrade. Based on the law of frozen depth of subgrade, the frozen procedures can be divided into four stages. Based on the observation data, the cathode surface temperature is positively correlated with both the frost heave quantity and the frozen depth. In addition, to reduce the observation cost and the measure difficulty, the frost heave quantity can be obtained through the observation of the frozen depth.

Due to population growth and economic development, water demands for municipal, industrial, and agricultural users are increasing. It is a challenging and critical issue in water resources system to properly allocate and utilize water resources to satisfy the goals of different stakeholders and greenhouse gases mitigation. In this study, a hybrid life-cycle analysis and two-stage stochastic programming model was proposed to analyze the water-allocation strategies based on complicated urban water resource system. The hybrid model can effectively assess the low-carbon performance of an urban water resources system in the framework of life-cycle analysis. The environmental impacts and GHGs reduction of urban water resources were firstly considered as the objective and constraint for solving the water allocation problems. The results indicated that the first-stage solutions of surface water conveyance of Dalian could be [3.83×108, 8.25×108] in 2015, and [3.83×108, 9.21×108] in 2020; Meanwhile, the first-stage solutions of surface water conveyance of Dalian could be [4.26×108, 8.68×108] in 2015, and [5.35×108, 10.7×108] in 2020.

Intelligent home system, due to smart appliances and home access points, communication method used copy, and its electric load and the impact brought about by economic considerations, it makes the intelligent home control and power delivery system has become very complex, complicated accord characteristics of the network; this complex network, its security and Lupin performance becomes extremely important; simply consider the performance of the network topology and other network anomalies can only be expected short-term, however, a large area of network failure systemic, primarily business-related, for this problem, according to the data herein smart home business, a new web-based method of stabilizing the complex network theory.

General incidents happening ongoing in trains nowadays happen due instant fire in railways because of multiple reasons resulting in health hazards and even deaths. This paper provides a remedy to reduce the losses of life occurring due to fire accidents in trains. In the past few years Indian railways has witnessed various forms of train accidents in which catching of fire is of serious concern. Fire on running bogie is severely dangerous than the stationary ones. The damage is severe because of lack of alertness and lack of communication which leads to the time delay in action. This project provides automation to the trains by applying automatic brakes and along with the ventilation in case of fire and smoke detection. The railway staff and passengers need to take all possible precautions in order to avoid any of the above mistakes so as to minimize the possibility of fire break out. The project consists of thermistor gas sensor, buzzer, fans, pneumatic actuators, solenoid pneumatic valve. Whenever the fire is detected with the help of fire sensors, thermistor and a safety circuit sends signal to solenoid valve and triggers the brakes and allows exhaust fans for proper air flow in and out of a chamber to avoid suffocation and it also starts the alarm to alert the authorities.

Hard turning has characteristics of good processing flexibility and environmental performance. Under certain processing conditions it has more advantages than grinding process. Also, it has become the new process which has broad prospects for development. After process of hard cutting, the integrity of machined surface plays a vital role for performance of the workpiece. In this paper, the integrity of machined surface (surface roughness and the thickness of the plastic deformation) is focused on for hard turning process of die steel Cr12MoV. The multi-objective optimization was adopted. On the basis of revealing the relationship between cutting conditions and surface integrity indicators, combined with response surface methodology (RSM) the correspondence between the surface integrity evaluation and cutting parameters is established. By improved particle swarm algorithm a multi-objective optimization of surface integrity prediction was achieved, and the relative optimal cutting parameters were obtained. The research results of this paper provide the theoretical basis and reference for optimization of the experimental conditions.

There are a number of reasons for the success of modular housing in developed countries, the first of which is the demand. Other factors are the benefits that come with factory manufacturing such as energy efficiency, speed of erection, and low cost. This is why many customers choose industrialized housing over conventional construction. This research aims to study and evaluate the prefabricated housing components in terms of efficiency, effectiveness and the time to spend during construction. It also attempts to search for the development and production of low cost housing, the end-users feedback and other institutions that used these materials and its impact in the market

Helicopter with the advantage of light, flexible and hovering in the air, is widely used. In both military and civilian domain, it gets more and more attention. It becomes the main subject of research in the world. In the power transmission system of helicopter, the tail rotor shaft is an important part. It is one of the key technologies to predict the dynamic characteristics of the shaft accurately for improving the overall performance of the helicopter. Based on the theory of elastic mechanics, rotor dynamics and the finite element analysis, the former main drive shaft is taken as an example. The dynamic characteristics of the transmission shaft is calculated by the multi/few degrees of freedom finite element method. The validity of the finite element method with few degrees of freedom is determined. Then the structure characteristics of the helicopter tail drive shaft are analyzed, and the dynamic characteristics of the helicopter tail rotor shaft are calculated by using the finite element method with few degrees of freedom. The research results provide the basis and guidance for the design of the helicopter tail drive system.

Along with the economy globalization and the progress of science and technology, Chinese economy has been fleetly developing. Under the background of broad masses’ entrepreneurship and innovation, studying how s&t finance network structure characteristics affects the technological innovation performance of high-tech SMEs has theoretical value and positive practical significance. Based on the theory analysis, we adopt the research method of questionnaire. Empirical study shows that: network structure characteristics have direct positive effect on the technological innovation performance of high-tech SMEs, especially the network density and centrality.

The aim of this study is to develop a new research framework that explains consumer attitude toward internet of thing (IoT) service. Based on the literature on IoT service, technology paradox, and consumer values, an empirical structural model is developed and tested. This study collects quantitative survey data from Korean IoT users. The empirical test results show that utilitarian values such as efficiency, technology trust, performance ambiguity, chaos give influences to paradoxical attitudes of consumer and these attitudes give influences to IoT service evaluation separately while, hedonic value like hedonic enjoyment gives influence to IoT service evaluation directly without any mediating variables. This initial research on IoT service from a consumer point of view may stimulate further research on IoT-based consumer service innovations.

The new energy vehicles industry is the strategic development direction of China’s vehicles industry when there is an important need for this industry to realize the goal of energy conservation and environment protection, and of industry transformation and upgrading. It is an important approach that cooperatively innovating in the innovation network of industrial cluster to improve the industry’s innovation level and core competitiveness. Based on the empirical investigation of the innovation network of industrial cluster of new energy vehicles in the northeast China, this paper uses complex network theory to study the network structure from the perspectives of whole network, community and ego network of Hub. Moreover, this paper further discusses the matching problem of Hubs’ influence in the network. In addition, the relative suggestions about network governance on the innovation network of industrial cluster of new energy vehicles in the northeast China are proposed.

Due to the advances of mobile devices with GPS (Global Positioning System), a user's privacy threat is increased in location based services (LBSs).So, various Location Privacy-Preserving Mechanisms (LPPMs) have been proposed in the literature to address the privacy risks derived from the exposure of user locations through the use of LBSs. However, these methods obfuscate the locations disclosed to the LBS provider using a variety of strategies, most of which come at a cost of resource consumption. Therefore, we propose a privacy-protected KNN query anonymization method based on Bayesian estimation for Location-based services. Unlike previous dummy-based approaches, in our method, the request to the LBS server doesn't contain the genuine user location, so we can't calculate whether meet the threshold condition of two location directly, but must to decision making by transition probability. In addition, our method just requires the server returns the results the client needs. Further, we propose an effective search algorithm to improve the server processing. So it can reduce bandwidth usages and efficiently support K-nearest neighbor queries without revealing the private information of the query issuer. An empirical study shows that our proposal is effective in terms of offering location privacy, and efficient in terms of computation and communication costs.

The old, deaf and blind people faces problem in opening and closing of the door in their house as they have to walk to the door to do so. This paper is about the device which is made to solve the problem faced by old people of opening and closing of door again and again, by using an Arduino based remote that can control the door lock using RF module, for receiving and transmitting the data. The product consists of two devices both are based on Arduino. One of the two devices will be fitted at the door that will send the signals to indicate the old person to open the device and will receive the signal to open and close the door lock while the other device will work as a remote consists of chargeable batteries, easy to carry just like a mobile will help to indicate the person carrying it to open the door. The receiving and transferring of signals will be done using RF modules connected to the Arduino boards. The device will help to ease the problem faced by the old, blind and deaf people in controlling the door lock from any part of the house. In future, the RF module in the device to transmit and receive the data can be replaced by Internet of things technology to control the lock from any part of the world. More features like controlling of home appliances, windows etc. will also be the part of this device in future therefore, it has a good future scope also.

Based on STC microprocessor as a center of the transmitting and receiving parts, apply the interrupt systems, timers, counters integrated. Using Code-Division infrared coding, infrared receiver distinguishes the light pulse , judges and makes the corresponding control actions to complete the all infrared remote control transmitter and receiver process. Combination of the software programs, after commissioning the system can achieve multiple dimming function, such as LED lamp PWM dimming, alternating current filament lamp dimming, multiple channel switches. The system realized the function that weak power can control not only flea power but also strong power. This system has the feature of simple hardware circuit, sophisticated software capability, high cost performance. At the same time the study of intelligent lighting control system contributes to the improvement and development of the intelligent home system.

Fuzzy neural network(FNN) is a neural network based on combining the advantages of the fuzzy theory and neural network. It has the characteristics of dealing with the non-linear and fuzziness and so on. Particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm is a population-based search algorithm by simulating the social behavior of birds within a flock. So the quantum PSO(QPSO) algorithm is proposed for optimizing the parameters of FNN in order to construct a new hybrid optimization(QPSO-FNN) algorithm in this paper. In the proposed QPSO-FNN algorithm, the quantum theory is used to improve the PSO algorithm, then the global optimization ability of QPSO algorithm is optimize the parameters of FNN model by putting these parameters in the particle encoding. The found optimal values are regarded as the parameters of FNN model to obtain the final QPSO-FNN method. Finally, the QPSO-FNN algorithm is used to solve the complex problem, the experimental results show that the QPSO-FNN algorithm takes on the shorter response time and higher solving accuracy.

Air travel demand estimation is vital for airlines and government authorities to make reasonable decisions. However, when estimating the demand, air passenger volume has been frequently employed as an instrumental variable, although there exists a big deviation between them. This inappropriate practice will lead to misleading conclusions and seri-ously perverse decisions. This paper, based on the partial adjustment theory, proposes a new method to distinguish and estimate air travel demand from air passenger volume. A multi-dimensional variable selection method is originally proposed and a new estimation method is advanced to solve the problem of endogeneity and serial correlation. The pro-posed model is finally applied to estimate and analyze the aggregate air travel demand in China, the results show that air travel demand in China is enjoying a big potential. The model may also be applied to study road, rail and ocean transportation demand.

Each item of sensory information is effectively integrated by Internet of things (IoT) system. However, due to different framework and interface, software and hardware platform and communication protocol are mutually independent, which makes distributed IoT system unable to fulfill uniform operation and management. By aiming at issues difficultly fulfilled by IoT system, a kind of framework model of IoT system based on Web Service is put forward. Firstly, function and framework analysis is conducted for local sensor service system, integrated sensor service system and integrated application service system required by model; next, an introduction about design of Web Service interface is made; finally, services and functions are abstracted to normalize the relation among three varieties of service systems of model. This scheme is proved to be with good applicability, flexibility and expansibility in cases.

Action Dependent Heuristic Dynamic Programming (ADHDP) optimal controller for multi area Automatic Generation Control (AGC) scheme has been designed in this paper. A competitive environment has been considered in the interconnected power system. Conventional AGC model has been modified to include bilateral transactions taking place in energy market. The modified AGC model has been discretized to implement ADHDP. ADHDP is a powerful technique of Approximate Dynamic Programming, used for providing optimal solution by minimizing the given objective function. The proposed approach has been tested on two area AGC scheme for different cases. The results have been compared with the discrete full state feedback controller.

Solar light noise, as the main part of channel noise in outdoor visible light communication (VLC) system, would easily saturate the photon-detector, and dramatically decrease the outdoor VLC system performance. A Hilbert-Huang Transformation based solar light noise suppression method is proposed in this paper, a background light noise measurement system is also designed and implemented to verify the noise suppression method's performance. And the measurement result shows that it could effectively reduce the solar light noise, and improve the VLC system’s stability and reliability.

With the rapid development of the mobile Internet, mobile Internet users grow rapidly and the preference is more diverse, and the user's behavior is also showing a new feature. In this study, we use qualitative research and quantitative research, combined with empirical data and simulation analysis and the combination of traditional statistical analysis and modern data mining methods, to study the behavior preference of mobile Internet. Besides, we use the discrete choice model to build the binaryLogit model using SAS tools, and analyze the selected variables through data processing. Based on the significant influence factors, the behavior preference of mobile Internet users is classified by using support vector machine. The C-SVM binary classification machine is used as kernel function, and the parameters of the model and kernel function are optimized by cross validation. In this research, we introduce the support vector machine theory into the research field of the mobile Internet user behavior effectively, solve the problem of small and medium-sized samples effectively, and provide new ideas and methods for the research of mobile Internet user behavior.

The speech recognition is a kind of technology, which makes a machine change the speech signals into homologous text or order by recognition and comprehend. The speech recognition is a cross-subject, and it is becoming to the key-technology of human-computer interface in information technology. It makes man can operate the computer through the speech order without the keyboard. Speech recognition technology has be used in fields such household electronic products and intellectual toys. The bus controlled by speech signals proposed in this paper will be more powerful than traditional toy bus. It will be structure simple, strong stability, high precise. More important, its speech control system will has especial attraction to children. This paper Introduces hardware system and software system of speech control intellectual toy bus.

Automatic building extraction is one of the most important issues in the fields of geoscience and remote sensing. In this letter, by introducing the idea of area morphology to the analysis of 3-D point clouds, a novel approach for automatic building extraction from airborne LiDAR data was proposed. At first, single scale area opening and area closing operator was used to produce normalized point clouds. With the normalized point clouds as input, multi-scale area morphology was employed to obtain connected regions, and then tree points were removed by PCA based local structural analyzing technique. Finally, building regions were extracted by analyzing geometry properties of the obtained connected regions without tree points. Experiments for different terrains were conducted. And the corresponding experimental results are very promising.

This comparative study analysis of dc-dc converter for MPPT controller with P and O algorithm of a grid connected system finds the better suitable converter which can give the output with maximum power from the PV module and can have reliability to connect it to the GRID. In this paper the performance of LLC, ZETA and SEPIC converters are designed and simulated then its results are compared to identify the best suitable converter for the grid connected PV with P and O algorithm of MPPT circuit. The performance analysis has been carried out by connecting these converters in the circuit which already simulated for connecting the PV output to the commercial grid. The comparative performance analysis is done at the stage of gird as well as in the stage of output of the converter too.

Tens to hundreds of output high power lasers from ICF (inertial confinement fusion) device, generally need to propagate through a long air path before they reach the target chamber. During the process, interaction between the high power pulse laser and air molecules emerges. Once the SRRS (stimulated rotational Raman scattering) threshold was reached, the SRRS effect would result in the loss of laser energy, the decrease of laser beam quality, or unable to reach the target. Further the transmitted laser would enter the multipliers as fundamental beam, then the conversion efficiency of triple-harmonic would be affected, even cause the destroy of frequency multiplication crystal. In order to improve the output ability, beam quality and control ability of the ICF high power laser drive, ultimately achieve the fusion ignition success, the SRRS effect must be suppressed. Based on SRRS four-dimensional mathematical model which conforms to current ICF experiment conditions, the longitudinal and horizontal rules of SRRS effect on ICF laser drive beam with the variation of pump light distribution on space was obtained. The research provided a support for the parameters choice of ICF laser drive and the optimization of output beam quality.

In this paper, a highly sensitive and selective method based on the poly (sulfosalicylic acid) modified electrode (PSA /CPE) to detect phenol was established. The morphologies and interface properties of PSA film were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was illustrated that the PSA/CPE had an excellent electrocatalytic ability towards the oxidation of phenol. Meanwhile the influence of parameters such as pH and scan rate effect on the analytical performance of the sensor was evaluated. Moreover, the interference from o-nitrophenol can be neglected. By using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), linear calibration curves were obtained as 5–175 and 220–555 μmol L−1 for phenol. The detection limits are 2.2 μmol L−1 for phenol. With favorable selectivity and sensitivity, the present method has been applied to the determination of phenol in oilfield wastewater.

To guarantee the security and stability of islanded microgrid, transmission congestion problem is considered during the frequency control so as to efficiently make use of power available without violating system constraints. A novel strategy was proposed, which combines distributed frequency control and congestion management and makes the distributive frequency control reasonable at the request of line congestion. It effectively solve multi-objective problem with multi-linear equality and inequality constraints. To testify the proposed strategy, an islanded microgrid with five-machines is provided in Matlab/Simulink. The results demonstrate that fast frequency regulation and effective settlement of transmission congestion are obtained by this approach.