Earticle

In recent years, residential tower blocks, residential rights such as a right to enjoy sunshine and good view have become socially sensitive matters. The research aimed to establish a methodology to find out the extent of visual damage and households caused by residential development. The research aims to make a quantitative calculation of visual grading and degree of concealment from residential development. Kumho residential apartment development was selected as a case study. Within the case study, 5 blocks were chosen to simulate which is located between Han River and Dalmaji hill. The degree of visual screening is analysed into three different visual exposures; Visual Exposure, Distance-weighed Visual Exposure and Area-weighed Visual Exposure. Then the Visual Exposures were compared with visual damage and landscape simulations. In particular, Area-weighed Visual Exposure has a great potential to be implemented into planning process including disputes, grant and assessment since it does reflect human visual perceptions.

Vehicle intelligent position systems based on Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) in WirelessSensor Networks (WSNs) areefficientlyutilized. The vehicle’s position accuracy is of great importance for transportation behaviors, such as dynamic vehicle routing problems and multiple pedestrian routing choice behaviors and so on. Therefore, a precise position and available optimization is necessary for total parameters of conventional RSSI model. In this papar, we investigate the experimental performance of translating the power measurements to corresponding distance between eachpair of nodes. The priori knowledge about the environment interference could impact the accuracy of vehicles’s position and the reliability of paremeters greatly. Based on the real-world outdoor experiments, we compares different regression analysis of the RSSI model, in order to establish a calibration scheme on RSSI model. Empirical experimentation shows that the average errors of RSSI model is able to decrease throughout therules of environmental factor n and shadowing factor ηrespectively. Moreover, the calculation complexity is reduced, as aninnovative approach. Since variation tendency of environmental factor n, shadowing factor η with distance and signal strength could be simulated respectively, RSSI model fulfills the precision of the vehicle intelligent position system.

This paper presents a high gain and low power 24-GHz power amplifier (PA) for the short range automotive radar. The proposed circuit is implemented using TSMC 0.13-μm RF CMOS (fT/fmax=120/140 GHz) technology, and it is powered by a 1.5-V supply. To improve power gain of the amplifier, it has a 2-stage cascode scheme. This circuit uses transmission lines to reduce total chip size instead of real bulky inductors for input and output impedance matching. The layout techniques for RF (radio frequency) are used to reduce parasitic capacitances at the band of 24 GHz. The proposed RF amplifier has low cost and low power dissipation since it is realized using all CMOS processes. The proposed circuit showed the smallest chip size of 0.12 mm2, the lowest power dissipation of 44.3 mW and the highest power gain of 24.04 dB as compared to recently reported research results.

Energy conservation and indoor environment concerns have motivated extensive research on various aspects of control of Heating, Ventilating and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) and building systems. The study on optimal operation as well as modeling of HVAC and building systems is one of the fastest growing fields that contribute to saving energy and improving indoor environment of buildings. The reasonable operation adjustment is one of the main methods to improve the energy efficiency. Cooling load prediction is the foundation of the optimization operation. This paper is devoted to the development of a comprehensive modeling of cooling load for a large building with ice-storage systems in Beijing, China. The models describe the dynamics of cooling load, outdoor climate parameters and indoor parameters as one multi-variable nonlinear system in a way that is useful for prediction analysis. The cooling load data collected is from June to September, and then the method of similarity for both longitudinal and transverse waveforms is used to judge whether there is abnormal data. The optimal parameter setting in the proposed model is studied. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method was applied to select input parameters. A load prediction model has been constructed based on BP neural networks. Taking account of the generalization ability of neural networks, this paper has chosen the bayesian regularization algorithm, which can get better fitting effect than other training algorithms, to train the neural networks. Then, the BP neural network model is used for the summer hourly cooling load prediction of the business building. Evaluation of the prediction accuracy of the proposed models is based on the root mean square error (RMSE). The results show that the prediction model can accurately predict the future hourly load of 1 week and 1 day, with the prediction error at 1.60% and 1.18% respectively. The analysis shows that this model is suitable for the practical engineering application and can provide a basis for optimal operation of air conditioning control systems of large public buildings.

The automatic clutch driving system of vehicle automated manual transmission (AMT) is a typical nonlinear system. A fast and accurate position control is difficult to achieve because of the nonlinearity of the load changes caused by the clutch diaphragm spring, the cushion spring, and other nonlinear components and because of the uncertainty of the load changes caused by the cushion spring deformation in the clutch engagement process at varying temperatures on the friction surface. In this paper, based on the theory of fractional calculus and traditional sliding mode control, the method of fuzzy fractional order sliding mode control (FFOSMC) is proposed for clutch control. By selecting the fractional order sliding surface, the laws of control are designed; and self-tuning of the switch gain is realized with the fuzzy controller. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation revealed that compared with the traditional fuzzy integer order sliding mode controller, FFOSMC achieves better dynamic performance in position control and better robustness against load disturbance and other uncertain factors.

This paper proposes, designs and constructs an image recognition & voice technology based security system by highlighting the advantages of image processing technology and voice synthesis technology which are presence in the electronic market. This paper mainly approaches towards enhanced security by checking the tag image of the operator as well as recognizing voice which are validated previously by this system just using simply a web-camera or closed circuit television (CCTV) camera and a voice recording software system and gives the signal in terms of alarm, Alert Light, message via global system for mobile communication (GSM)/ general packet radio service (GPRS) to the consumer mobile number/the nearest police station’s mobile number.

Many fire evacuation models have been proposed in recent years to better simulate such as an emergency situation. However, fire has different characters in high-rise building, and is affected by all kinds of factors. Evacuation of persons in case of fire is very complex, the environment will affected it, the individual psychological quality and physical quality, real time fire and so on. The numerical model based on cellular automata is presented, considering group behavior and real time fire development in the paper, and simulation experiments show the model is on the brink of reality and demonstrate its applicability and validity.

It is required to implement an integrated management as to the configuration, failure and power in order to stop the service of devices installed CCTV sites and minimize the on-site dispatch of maintenance staffs. This thesis defined RESTful web service based R4CSM-API (RESTful web service for CCTV Site Management-API) instead of SNMP that had some limitations for the purpose of implementing an integrated management of CCTV sites. In this thesis, the performance analysis was conducted using Emulab environment of KISTI as to the main functions of CCTV site integrated management. Also, an effective CT4CS (Control Tower for CCTV Sites) was designed and implemented for an integrated management of large-scale CCTV sites by utilizing the performance analysis results. Moreover, we validated the R4CSM-API that would be conducted at CT4CS by utilizing RESTClient that is an experimental tool of RESTful web service.

Design a modular robot teaching device, combine with wireless communication technology, and robot control technology. Introduce ZigBee nodes into the robot’s every module, transmit the current motion parameters through the wireless communication, adjust the robot motion state and realize the fuzzy control of the robot motion. This device has good openness, does not involve the establishment of the robot kinematics and dynamics model, and avoid a large number of algorithms in the same time. Its operation is simple, convenient, and more suitable for the teaching.

In contrast to the previous ARM microprocessor, the ARM Cortex-M3 processor provides a method for accelerating context switching, which is supported by dedicated hardware logic vis a software interrupt (or trap). In general, it is expected that retaining the context of a task using hardware will reduce the context switching time, but it is also known that software interrupts or traps incur their own overheads. In this study, we propose an algorithm for analyzing the performance of context switching methods in uC/OS-II the Cortex-M3. According to our experimental analysis, we obtained the same results using the algorithm in an ideal state and in a real application. We expect that the algorithms and experimental results described in this study may help embedded system designers by providing quantitative measures in the context switching time of Cortex-M3 using a real-world application.

In this paper, WBS-based hierarchical classification and its DB modeling structure of all construction information for apartment house are proposed. The proposed WBS-based construction information classification system divide all construction information of apartment house into 4 hierarchical levels that are construction zone classification, building classification, work classification, and work item classification. These hierarchical construction information are DB modeled using a relational data model. The computer aided processing of the construction management by this DB modeling of the construction information is possible. The proposed WBS-based hierarchical classification and its DB modeling structure will be applicable to an effective and scientific cost estimation system

Traditional approaches for some applications of Intelligent Transportation System(ITS), such as license plate tilt correction and vehicle speed estimation generally require feature extraction, however, feature extraction is a difficult task in complex traffic environment, and it is prone to be affected by the moving status of object and dynamic environment. In this paper, we tried a new analysis method without feature extraction for these two applications. The approach is based on enumeration. All the possible results of image analysis are tested by the testing function. Then, the extreme value of the testing function is selected and the corresponding result is just the concerning result. In the experiment, our method is applied to vehicle license plate tilt correction and vehicle speed estimation. The results demonstrate the proposed method has certain degree of robustness and validity.

Currently the Republic of Korea is planning a government-sponsored project to build a new network infrastructure in order to provide better services with citizens in spite of the already established world class network infrastructure. For past few years, there were several investments on network infrastructure development projects which resulted in high ROI(Return on Investment) rates in Korea. The clear definition and objective analysis of the project is an important task to be completed prior to the beginning of carrying out the project which aimed to promote network industry with government support. This report applies an analysis of inter-relationship among industries including an influence process of income and consumption by considering the effects of an increase in consumption, resulting from the growth of household income, on production. It might be worthy to review input-output table with household endogenous model when it investigates the effectiveness of investment on network infrastructure.

As a new kind of consumption mode, the online group buying is familiar to consumers and many consumers adopt this new consumption mode. We can conclude online consumption as one of the electronic commerce. Electronic commerce is known as utilization of computer technique, network technique and telecommunication technique to achieve the entire electronic commerce (business transactions) process electronically, digitally and networked. From the view of the consumption patterns, the online group buying(so called electronic commerce) can be divided into the simple online shopping mode and the mode which combine the online shopping and the entity shopping (that is, O2O mode). Though the domestic E-commerce industry starts later, it develops very quickly. However, the unbalanced development among the different regions results the imbalance of the online group buying market development. Therefore, it is necessary to survey the online group buying market. In this paper, we put forward an improved principal component analysis method- normalization principal component analysis method. This method transforms the negative index and the neutral index into the positive index. And it also transforms the positive index that the index value exists negative values into the index value that the positive indexes are all the positive values. Then it can score these indexes. The experimental results show that the method is feasible and effective.

Digital technology innovations have led to significant changes in everyday life, made possible by the widespread use of computers and continuous developments in information technology (IT). Based on the utilization of systems applying 3D(three-dimensional) technology, as well as virtual and augmented reality techniques, IT has become the basis for a new fashion industry model, featuring consumer- centered service and production methods. Because of rising wages and production costs, the fashion industry’s international market power has been significantly weakened in recent years. To overcome this situation, new markets must be established by building a new knowledge and technology-intensive fashion industry. Development of virtual clothing simulation software, which has played an important role in the fashion industry’s IT-based digitalization, has led to continuous technological improvements for systems that can virtually adapt existing 2D(two-dimensional) design work to 3D design work. Such adaptions have greatly influenced the fashion industry by increasing profits. Both here and abroad, studies have been conducted to support the development of consumer-centered, high value-added clothing and fashion products by employing digital technology. This study proposes a system that uses a depth camera to capture the figure of a user standing in front of a large display screen. The display can show fashion concepts and various outfits to the user, coordinated to his or her body. Thus, a “magic mirror” effect is produced. Magic mirror-based fashion apparel simulation can support total fashion coordination for accessories and outfits automatically, and does not require computer or fashion expertise. This system can provide convenience for users by assuming the role of a professional fashion coordinator giving an appearance presentation. It can also be widely used to support a customized method for clothes shopping.

In case of energy storage air conditioning system, due to load fluctuation, the traditional control methods can't obtain good effect, the model predictive control method can realize the optimization control system, and can overcome the influence of load fluctuation. In order to realize the predictive control, need to study model of air conditioning system. Ice storage air-conditioning system, by analyzing the mechanism of ice tank, ice melting system outside the tank model is established. First, analyzed the physical structure of ice bath, determine the parameters of ice bath, put forward the control as well as the output of the ice tank. Good model will be built using TRNSYS and MATLAB joint simulation, and the model simulation results and the widely used now BAC coil and TSQINGHUA TONGFANG ice coil characteristic has carried on the contrast, determine the tank model is built by ice in the most good ice tank was simulated under the condition of outlet temperature, and focused on the top 20% of the ice melted and the error of 20%, after put forward the reasonable solution, the interpretation of the ice tank established ice model has practical significance.

This paper proposes and defines four eXtensible 3-dimensional (X3D) nodes to render real-world characters such as human being and animals in 3D virtual environments, which conform to the X3D standard format for representing and rendering real-world characters in virtual spaces, aiming to make them available as an extension of the X3D core nodes. Several examples are implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of the pro-posed X3D nodes. Implemented results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed X3D nodes as an extension of the X3D core components for rendering real characters in 3D virtual spaces.

In accordance with the requirements for home security and safe guard, a new type of intelligent monitoring system is researched and developed. The system is established with CAN bus and wireless as the foundation. Multi-sensor technology is used to improve the alarm algorithm of the system, a new fuzzy neural network is put forward as the classifier. There are four layers in the network, and the input signals are temperature and the concentration of CO, smoke and CO2, the output signal is the fire probability. Radial basis function (RBF) is used as the fuzzy membership function. The principal component analysis (PCA) is used to extract the information of sensors and an observation window is used to extract the necessary information for neural network. Experiments show that the system can provide accurate detection results in a short time.

The basic developing objects of modern society are low carbon and energy saving. We must change the traditional high energy consuming building ways into modern novel energy saving buildings. In this paper, the development of modern building energy saving technology was reviewed and concluded. On this basis, designing ways and methods for energy saving system was proposed from the points of walls, doors and windows, roofs, and grounds. The concept of evaluation index of energy saving building was put forward, and the objectives and principles of evaluation index of energy saving building were analyzed. Finally, take the modern energy saving residential housing as an example, we discussed in tail how to establish the evaluation index system for energy saving residential housing, and confirmed the weight and standard for evaluating the residential housing, and ensured the gray multi-hierarchy structure comprehensive method. We also proposed that in this modern situation, we should seize the opportunity, pay attention on energy saving, construct energy saving building, and establish the evaluation index system. In this way, building energy saving work can be further developed and it plays an important role in saving energy and protecting the environment.

With the rapid growth of machine-type communications (MTC) devices, the radio access network (RAN) will be overloaded when a large number of MTC devices try to access the radio networks in a short time. In this paper, a combination of a dynamic resource allocation and a random access check mechanism is proposed to solve the overload problems for MTC in LTE-Advanced. An analytical model is presented with the derivation of three metrics, the collision probability, the success probability, and the idle probability to evaluate the method. Simulation and analysis results show the superior performance of the method we proposed to solve the RAN overload problem.

With the heater pipeline leakage experiment conducted on the experiment table, inner pipeline leakage of heater was studied through the leakage failure detection system. The frequency distribution and the amplitude of acoustic emission signals of leakage versus internal pressure were analyzed. Variations of signals versus leakage aperture and dissemination distance were summarized. According to the mapping relationship between the leaking spot and acoustic emission signals, and between the leakage flow and acoustic emission signals, reasons of leakage failure were concluded. The results would be applied to heater leakage failure detection. And an on-the-spot detection in the power plant was conducted to test the heater under pressure in order to verify the results.

To improve the scientific and automatic management of power consumption and meet with the intelligentized management of using and providing power, on the basis of modifying inductive watt-hour meter, an intelligent managing system of electric energy based on ST7538 has been developed. The scheme of the intelligent system is put forward, diagram of hardware of the system is provided, we choose Visual Basic to develop software control and SQL Server2012 for its DBMS. The intelligent system integrates with information collection, information transition, information procession and some other technology, it overcomes the abuse of meter-reading manually. The intelligent system realizes many functions such as automatic meter-reading, real time query and so on. It has a variety of advantages such as high economical efficiency, good expansibility and so on. If the system is applied into the power system, it can bring large economic profit and social efficiency.

Rotating machine fault detecting is the key technology for ensure that they can run health and security. And the simple and practice methods based on envelope employed in the fault detecting. In this paper, a vibration signal envelope extract method based on wavelet was proposed. In this proposed, the wavelet used to filter the noise which embedded the vibration signal, and to detect weak signal (fault signal) through obtained the coefficients by wavelet processing. And then, the Hilbert envelope was introduced to do energy envelope spectrum analysis for coefficients obtained by wavelet processing, the results analysis shows, the proposed method used to extract the signal envelope for fault detecting is practical, stability and reliable.