Earticle

The energy consumption in buildings accounts for 38% of total energy consumption, and the lighting energy consumption in Korea shows a high ratio as 22%. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to propose a more effective energy saving method based on Smart Lighting Control System using User Awareness Technology for reduce the consumption of lighting energy in buildings. A basic model of Smart Lighting Control System is proposed in this study, and its effectiveness is proven through the performance evaluation. The performance evaluation was carried out in the way of comparing power consumption between On/Off lighting control method and Smart Lighting Control System according to the user illumination requirement. The analysis result shows that the power consumption of User Awareness Technology based Smart Lighting Control System is lower than the power consumption of On/Off lighting control method at Type 1 in summer and Types 1 and 2 in spring equinox and autumn equinox. The energy saving performance is shown from User C in summer and Users B, C and BC in spring equinox and autumn equinox.

The Android platform developed by Google is an optimized platform for mobile devices with a perfect combination of an operating system, middleware, and application programs. Bada platform developed by Samsung in korea is a smart phone platform, which is created for wide range of device. "Bada" is a Korean word that means "ocean" and "seashore". "bada" in itself embodies the open possibilities of the ocean. Due to the use of different smart phone platforms, developers must create content designed specifically for each platform or use a conversion process to provide game content to consumers. In this paper, to resolve this problem, the Android-to-Bada game converter was designed to automatically translate game contents from the Android platform to the Bada platform for smart phones using a content analyzer, a resource converter, a platform mapping engine and a source translator. Through the Android-to-Bada converter, resources such as images and sounds can be converted, APIs can be converted using a platform mapping engine. These and all other content conversion functions were examined. Test results indicate that the graphics, image output, sound output, and other functions of converted Bada games were equivalent to those of the Android games before conversion.

We browse through hundreds of Deep web pages everyday to find information of interest. We feel happy when Deep web browsing operations provide us with necessary information; otherwise, we feel bitter. Now, the measurement of this user satisfaction has become a hot research topic. In this paper, we propose a click-through-data-based and unsupervised user satisfaction evaluation system, CNEITE, to evaluate the user satisfaction of Deep Web query result pages. It applies query type classifying, navigational query evaluating, informational/transactional query evaluating to solve the challenging tasks. We evaluated our CNEITE system on the AOL data sets, experimental results show that CNEITE achieves higher classify precision than a widely used classify method , Dtree, and higher annotate answer accuracy than method proposed in [17].

Improvements in technology and the advent of smart devices have led to the development of smartphones, tablets, and smart TVs. Further, in recent years, wearable devices have gained considerable research attention. In addition, the increasing interest in the field of healthcare has resulted in an increase in the research and development of wearable healthcare devices. Wearable devices that are incorporated into clothes and accessories allow individuals the free use of their hands. The basic concept of these devices—a device that can be worn instead of being carried—supplements the intellectual capacity of a human; therefore, in this paper, we aim to implement a computing environment to integrate large-scale equipment with these devices. In order to respond to user needs in real time, it is necessary to develop wearable devices that ensure the user’s safety. Further, to reduce the discomfort of using multiple devices, wearable devices should be compatible with other devices such that only a single device is necessary. Therefore, in this paper, we combined a smart TV, wearable smart band, and smartphone to enable the user to effectively store physical information; moreover, we developed a system to manage this information.

This paper presents the design and development of a Web-based decision support system for site quality evaluation of plantation (SSQEP). SSQEP is an operational automatic evaluation tool that helps farmers in estimating site quality and predicting the growth performance of trees. The SSQEP consists of three subsystems: (i) site quality evaluation for forest land subsystem; (ii) site quality evaluation for non-forest land subsystem; and (iii) stand growth and yield prediction subsystem. Expert system principle was adopted in the site quality evaluation for non-forest land. An automatic knowledge acquisition module provides a user-friendly interface to domain experts for entering and storing domain-specific knowledge. The knowledge base was used to store and manage the knowledge of domain experts, which is presented as rules and facts. Inference engine was designed and implemented to use forward reasoning mechanism to search the site quality evaluation knowledge. Furthermore, two site quality evaluation methods for forest land (i.e., site index and growth model methods) were designed in the SSQEP. After evaluating site quality, the stand growth and yield were predicted by a graph.

It proposes a basic architecture of farmland’s irrigative system based on the rapid development of Internet technology which can be applied to the modern management of farmland in this paper, and it introduces the component unit in detail, and analyze deeply in principle. System uploads data of farmland’s environment temperature and humidity to Internet by remote wireless. Through computer terminals’ data analysis and field controlling irrigation valve by remote wireless, it implements the intelligent of the farmland’s management.

The Internet of Things idea and the rapid expansion of IPv6, moreover after IETF defined 6LoWPAN as a technique to apply IPv6 into IEEE 802.15.4 low-power wireless network standard is added potential of the USN connected to Internet and it made up IPv6-USN as the new architecture. However, if we implement IPv6-USN to home automation, the energy consumption of IPv6-USN node operation is bounded. There is the need to periodically replacing its batteries because it commonly used AA batteries as power source, but the complexity of home building characteristics make it is not easy. In this paper, we present our study to develop energy aware home automation in IPv6-USN infrastructure. Our goal is to develop a system that is robust which aware with energy consumption. We designed the home automation nodes with smart and energy efficient oriented RPL routing. By having efficient control transmission and optimal objective function, we can maintain operation performance level of our IPv6-USN home automation with energy consumption reduction around 20%, average latency about 1.0875s, and packet delivery rate above 88.875%.

Park has important ecological, social and economic values serving as an urban open space with high usage frequency. After its completion, the environmental service quality of the park should be constantly improved to better serve the public. The park in Xinxiang Economic Development Zone, Henan Province, is investigated in this study. A total of 18 environmental service quality indicators of the park are included for the assessment of the public's perception of the importance and performance of environmental service quality of the park by IPA method. The results showed that all the 18 indicators have high importance in the environmental service quality of the park. In contrast, the performance of the public towards the park is generally low. The paired-sample t-test further confirms the significance difference between the importance and the performance of 16 indicators. The 18 indicators are divided into four categories: indicators requiring sustained efforts, indicators requiring emphatic improvement, indicators requiring moderate development and indicators requiring maintenance. Varying countermeasures need to be adopted depending on the category of the indicators to promote the environmental service quality of the park.

With the rapid development of ARM technology, its application is also involved in the project to all spheres of society. This paper designs an Ethernet controller module based on ARM technology, through the actual verification, its operation is stable and can be very convenient to realize embedded system networking; at the same time the system communication and debugging fast, reliable, has the very high real-time performance.

In this paper, a resilient device monitoring system is proposed in which agents on remote devices can collaborate with each other. The system consists of collaboration groups, proxy servers and a device monitoring server. A collaboration group consists of P2P agents and a P2P host which represents the collaboration group. The system is resilient in the sense that it finds an alternative P2P host or proxy server to continue its works in the event of a failure of the original ones. Communication protocols including communication messages and flow sequences for finding alternatives are proposed in detail, and some implementation results are explained.

Understanding a building’s ambiance and user’s preferences and then providing corresponding comfort is substantial in a smart home environment. In this work, we aim to design a model for an intelligent system (building) controller whose intelligence is adaptation, in changing situations, according to the preferences of occupants without their intervention. Adaptation, according to Humphreys is: “If a change occurs such as to produce discomfort, people react in ways which tend to restore their comfort”. Therefore, our adaptive system restores comfort to the occupants based on their preferences, it has the ability to self-regulate and adapt to the climate conditions in buildings. In order to use adaptive control a model of the building is necessary and predictive control is very important because it includes a model for future disturbances. The starting point of this work was the modeling of multisensory comfort, and, the dynamic and adaptive behavior of an occupant with his environment. A key element was to find a way to model these adaptive actions. To achieve our goal, we used Bayesian networks that are powerful tools for decision and reasoning under uncertainty.

Nowadays, self-service terminals, which are used widely in banking systems, can be seen everywhere. However, few systems could combine a large number of self-service terminals and a diversified electronic payment platforms for providing convenient financial services. In this paper, we develop such a combined self-service terminal system. We also give details about the design of business process and message interface on four main functional modules of our new developed system, which are uploading transaction logs, registering and configuring new self-service terminals, uploading running status, paying debts, and releasing information. Last, we conduct an experiment to evaluate the performance of our self-service terminals in terms of the packet loss rate. Results show that the design of business process and message interface is effective.

Network-based intelligent surveillance is becoming more popular, and remote monitoring platforms using web cameras with mobile robots can be used as child monitoring platforms in infant caring facilities. This paper presents a prototype of a service robot system as a next-generation intelligent surveillance system for child monitoring. In order to achieve this, a cooperative server-client control scheme is developed that has multiple users and a remote robot that utilizes an appropriate communication method. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed service robot system through integrating the required skills into the prototype of an infant caring surveillance system.

This paper proposed a design of smart RFID system for toxic gases monitoring. In the daily life the toxic gases that could be harm for us are hydrogen sulfide, ammonia gas, carbon monoxide, etc. Workers are very easy to be poisoned by these gases. So a rapid and low cost method of preventing toxic gases poisoning is needed. We design a smart RFID system to monitor the concentration of different gases. Proposed system consists of smart RFID tag, humidity sensor, hydrogen sulfide sensor, ammonia sensor, reader, and server. This monitoring system can show the concentration of different toxic gases for three grades, Safe, Warning, Risk. In order to confirm the usefulness of the proposed system, we performed experiments on mackerels. With the smart RFID system, we estimated the concentration of toxic gases successfully.

Carbon tax is one of the most common carbon emission regulation policies, manufactures and customers must incorporate it in their pricing and purchase decisions. This paper examined the impact of the different carbon tax policies on the carbon emission and their profits. This problem is formulated as a Stackelberg game, the manufacture is the leader, the retailer is the follower, the manufacture’s optimal pricing decision and the customer purchase decisions are derived. Then the impact of carbon tax policy on these decisions and the carbon emission and the profits is also investigated. We found that carbon emission will be reduced if the carbon tax is absorbed by the customers and the carbon footprints of unit product is relative high compared with the setting that the carbon tax is absorbed by the manufacture and the carbon footprints of unit product is relative low.

To reveal how the ancient kiln has evolved along DongHe River Basin in Jingdezhen –Jiangxi Province of China, and further reflect the interaction of the political situation, the institutions and the natural environment, we create ancient virtual maps of study area and propose such constructs to unambiguously denote a integration system by combining the advantages of multi-agents, PSO and CA in time and space. We apply the system to model a dynamic interaction environment and conduct a series of spatial analyses of the land-use pattern from 1271 to 1554. Compared with model PSO-CA, the simulation result of this new model is of richer changing hierarchy and can better reflect the whole process from the first to the last firing. Meantime, the index Moran's I of simulation using the hybrid method is much closer to the actual Moran's I, which can better reflect the interaction between political environment and natural environment of different dynasties with the lack of ancient GIS spatial data.

Home and building automation systems (HBAS) today are categorized by plethora of data formats, communication platforms and software services accessible via heterogeneous embedded devices. These heterogeneous embedded devices characterized a building into a data intensive entity, generating numerous data and complex control information, brings a much heavy load to the HBAS. Consequently, this leads to interoperation difficulties among those devices for information exchange and operation management. In this paper, a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) based framework that leveraged by services is proposed to manage HBAS efficiently by reducing their workload during joint execution of tasks. The proposed framework consists of several layers dedicated for services interwoven by Event-Condition-Action (ECA) oriented decision mechanism for managing heterogeneous embedded devices. The proposed framework is viable and highly efficient to be deployed for HBAS with limited computing resources.

This paper proposes a human action recognition algorithm which can be efficiently applied to a real- time intelligent surveillance system. The proposed method classifies human actions into walking, sitting, standing up and unusual action like faint and falling down. Also, in the case of detecting unusual actions, it offers an alarm to smartphones to monitor the object of interest. This method models the background, obtains the difference image between input image and the modeled background image, extracts the silhouette of human object from input image and recognizes human actions. In order to recognize human actions, the proposed method uses direction vector of movement and link codes of movement dependent histogram (LC-NMDH). Firstly, NMDH is computed by dividing the motion information histogram into ten parts and saving the median value of each part. LC-NMDH is defined as the values which records a chain code of NMDH of each part. Human actions are classified into walking, sitting, standing up and unusual action. The proposed method was examined on seven people through sequences captured by a web camera. The proposed algorithm efficiently classified human actions, detected unusual actions and provided an alarm service. The test result showed more than 99 percent recognition rate for each action by the proposed method.

It has become quite significant for the enterprises to enhance the competitiveness through promoting the integration of informationization and industrialization: informationization has played a great role in the product design, production and operation and marketing of the enterprises. How to establish the indicator for the integration degree of informationization and industrialization? How to evaluate the informationization construction level of enterprise? In terms of information construction, how can the enterprise make adjustment and improvement? In this paper, the thought course of “discover the problem – analyze the problem – solve the problem” has been abided by. It adopts Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and constructs the corresponding evaluation indicator system from the aspects of infrastructure, single application, comprehensive integration and collaboration and innovation; this system has also been adopted to evaluate enterprise informationization level in Shandong in 2012, to provide reference for the enterprises to appraise their integration degree of informationization and industrialization, and provide theoretical support for the government to formulate supportive policy.

This study is about expressive techniques for promotional videos of cultural-arts organizations, and specifically aims to propose the new video producing model based on the research of Augmented Reality technology and Virtual exhibition. Up to this day, Augmented realty is not popularized for making promotional videos, but it has potential value since this technology can be variously connected with culture contents, specially for exploring exhibitions of museums or art galleries. Therefore, this study aims to examine characteristics of the technology, and find the possibility of combining Information & communication technology with the culture contents industry, specially, for making promotional videos. Then suggest the new experimental design model for making promotional video using the concept, and analyze how the new design model expressive techniques make the synergy effect and how the new model is differentiated from the existing promotional video design on the aspects of maximizing user experience and user interaction.

Gesture recognition is a field of research that consists in recognizing patterns of movement performed by a human using his body parts with or without the help of a comprehensive device (a mouse, a laser, etc.). This particular area as attracted a number of researchers over the years that applied such algorithms in a broad range of disciplines. In particular, it was exploited on early research initiatives with pervasive environments to enable simple communication with automation systems. Nowadays, those environments are used for more than automation. Many researchers, in fact, believe it is one of the most promising solutions to the problems related to ageing of the population. Smart homes are seen as an alternative to the full-time support of a semi-autonomous person by healthcare professional and thus also a potentially economically viable solution to the rising cost of such support. However, researchers are still facing many challenges in that regards, such as the comprehension of the context and of the ongoing activity of daily living. In that equation, gesture recognition could help extract more information from the collected data and thus reinforce the context modeling. The knowledge extracted could even help with monitoring of more fine-grained activities and with the understanding of normal or abnormal behaviors. Gesture recognition is often considered as a solved problem since the techniques to perform it work well as soon as we can track accurately. However, in smart environment, tracking is very imprecise and hard to achieve with limited technology (i.e. noninvasive sensors). In this paper, we present a novel gesture recognition algorithm that works under uncertainty, and that is scalable to the precision of the tracking system. The algorithm is based on the tracking of passive RFID tags installed on all everyday life objects in a smart environment. A set of experimentation in simulation and in a real smart home environment is presented. The results are very encouraging despite the very low accuracy of the passive RFID tracking system.

The implementation of the land circulation system has brought new opportunities for China's agricultural development, and building the agricultural demonstration park is an important measure to promote the efficient development of modern agriculture. Integrating the concept of smart into the construction of agricultural demonstration park can promote the sustainable development of the park. This paper takes an agricultural demonstration park as an example, which is located in Lankao County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province, and builds a development model of smart agricultural demonstration park through the combination of smart technology with park planning. Smart construction of this park is divided into four modules: the smart production module, the smart leisure module, the smart retrospect module and the smart trading module. Connect pre-production, production and post-production through smart construction, contact the government, administrators, technicians, experts, the public and markets and form a smart industrial chain. Applying information technology, cloud computing, Internet and wireless communication technology to the construction of smart agricultural demonstration park will effectively improve the production and management level of the park and facilitate sustainable development of the park.

In recent years, more and more elderly are living lonely. The project has achieved for them or children to control the robot in the intelligent phones by the Bluetooth serial. It has finished the software about commanding the robot in the intelligent phones based on the android frame. The ultimate function is to realize the smart phone to control the robot via Bluetooth to do a series of actions, such as walking forward and backward, turning left and right, playing soccer, squatting and standing up and according to the corresponding rhythm. The project realizes the handheld control design of controlling applications based on Android system. Its core is setting the serial mode of Bluetooth on the Android terminal, and sending the instructions. This will greatly facilitate applications of the robot in the field of the smart home.