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In recent years, open source software which is a typical form of open innovation has become an important business mode in software industry. However, the innovation process of open innovation in software products is quite different from traditional manufacturing industries. Taking Linux operating system as the research sample, the innovation process of open source software is studied based on knowledge mapping which is made by Citespace. The study shows that technical standards are technology platforms of open source software innovation. User participation is an effective way to knowledge transfer of open source software innovation. Innovative society is an important intermediary of open source software innovation.

This paper2 proposes multimedia service system using equi-loaded distributed web-caching mechanism in the wire/wireless network environment. This proposed multimedia service system is composed of integrated switching agent (ISA), several proxies and access points(APs) with buffer in wire/wireless LAN. The ISA is the core of this system and performs switching the streams transmitted from server to proxies. The proxies stores the streams serviced to the users and the loads of them are evenly distributed by the ISA. The APs with buffer take charge of connection to the proxies and the multimedia server on Internet, and reduce service delay for mobile devices. We confirm that this system provides equi-loaded proxies, and reduces the amount of use of network resources and the load of multimedia server in wire and wireless network by the aid of ISA.

Many study suggested company meet their business results with the control of general man-agement expenses against change of sales amount or earnings. Advertising expense is one of the accounting information those companies may utilize for their earning management. We compares reported advertising expenditure from financial reports with independently collect-ed actual expenses for advertising activities and investigate the differences. The result shows actual advertising expenses are affected by sales or earnings, but reported expenditure is not related with those changes. It implies actual expenses are not properly reported to market users and needs more regulations on public announcements.

Due to the wide variety of PHDs, the tasks related to PHD management have become more complicated than ever. In this paper, we propose a message processing scheme at an integrated PHD gateway that serves various PHDs. On receiving the ISO/IEEE-based health messages generated by PHDs, the PHD gateway module in the gateway puts the messages together to generate an integrated message and send it to the integrated PHD management server. ISO/IEEE 11073 protocol has to be extended when there are multiple and diverse PHDs to be managed, because the protocol does not specify how to process the diverse health messages generated by various PHDs. Therefore, in this paper, attribute IDs are assigned hierarchically to identify a specific attribute generated by a specific PHD and passed through a specific gateway. When the DM gateway module in the gateway receives an integrated OMA DM-based PHD management message from the server, the gateway separates its various parts to generate individual messages and send them to the related PHDs. For this purpose, OMA DM protocol is extended and the DM trees are managed hierarchically. Some examples of message processing (integration and separation) at the gateway are shown.

Determining when software testing should begin and the number of resources that may be required in order to find and fix defects are complicated decisions. If we can predict the number of defects for an upcoming software product given the current development team, it will enable us to make better decisions. A majority of reported defects are managed and tracked using a defect life cycle, which tracks a defect throughout its lifetime. The process starts when the defect is found and ends when the resolution is verified and the defect is closed. Defects transition through different states according to the evolution of the project, which involves testing, debugging, verification. In paper, we presents defect prediction model for consecutive software products that is based on entropy.

In this paper, two adaptive image enhancement and de-noising chains are produced. Our aim is to enhance the face image quality that stored in a large database for face recognition applications. Each processing chain consists of three steps, the first chain is proposed to enhance Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) recognition rate, in the first step of this chain, the face images are de-noised with Haar wavelet de-noising filter at level ten of decomposition, in the second step, the de-noised image is adjusted to enhance the image contrast, and in the third step the high pass filter ‘Laplacian of Gaussian filter’ is used for detecting edges in face images. The second chain is proposed to enhance Linear Discriminat Analysis LDA and Kernel Fisher Analysis (KFA) recognition rate, in the first step of this chain the image contrast is adjusted and entered to histogram equalization as second step and in the third step the image is de-noised with Haar wavelet de-noising filter at level ten of decomposition. Our approaches produced good result and contributed in raising the recognition rate in PCA, KPCA, LDA and KFA up to 10%, 20%, 5% and 4% respectively when 400 face images are used.

This article attempts to establish an urban media storytelling model based on Greimas’ narrative model. Greimas’ narrative model is distinguished into Narrative Schema model and Actantial model. Of course, other contents that reproduced through urban media can also establish storytelling strategies using these. Moreover, it can also be utilized in establishing a storytelling that applies to the entire space called “city.” To be more specific, it is a process that receives information and entertainment based on the city, explores the city and ultimately recognizes the city image. This writing suggest such storytelling design linked with a narrative schema and actantial model.

Today, all of the computing resources, environments of computing, and online application services have been moved to a computing environment based on mobile. In the future, especially mobile phone, can be strong device not only support computing but being closely related to personal privacy. In this article, we design some ideas for various application services using e-Business card and NFC (Near-Field Communications) on mobile environment. Hereafter, new paradigms of mobile cloud and SmartWorks are based on the various mobile application services.