Earticle

This paper proposed a novel fuzzy Variable Structure Controller (VSC) design for uncertain T-S fuzzy system, while neither assuming the control matrices of each local T-S model to be same nor knowing the priori information of the upper norm-bounds of uncertainties. The existence condition of desired sliding surfaces and the asymptotical stability of the reduced-order equivalent sliding-mode dynamics are firstly derived by solving a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). After the establishment of the local T-S model, the upper norm-bounds of uncertainties and modeling errors between the original and local systems are estimated. Then, the designed VSC controller composes of a state-feedback control term and an adaptive switching-feedback control term, which are achieved based on the Lyapunov function method. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated in order to show the effectiveness of the proposed methods.

Recently, context-awareness technology is commonly used in various fields such as detection of objects, persons, and smoke using visible infrared laser. During laser light acquisition process between source and receiver, blockage and attenuation events should be considered. The focus alignment upon receiver plays an important role in the acquisition process so that, In this paper, focus alignment algorithm of infrared laser in distant (min. 100m) is developed and implemented by visible infrared laser based image processing technique and a high-precision control method for auto-focus alignment system using extracted features between transmitters and receiver local oscillators. The present method allows various laser embedded devices using proposed alignment system for deviation in response to the external environment and initial setting for the smoke detection.

The work analyzed the elements of high-speed cutting on hardened steel with hierarchy analysis method, studying the relational structure characteristics of control variables and performance indicators in high-speed cutting. And the hierarchy of evaluation indicator in high-speed cutting of hardened steel was proposed. Besides, the morphology, controlling flow of machined surface, was studied in high-speed cutting of hardened steel, proposing the criterion for surface roughness and surface texture and developing the methods of morphology prediction and control on machined surface. Then, validation experiments were conducted on hardened-steel dies of typical automotive panel to evaluate the accuracy and applicability of morphology forecasting and control methods.

A computer network is a telecommunications network that allows computers to share, exchange, and transmit data. Thus, the network flow rate is very critical. How to measure the flow rate attracted large number of attentions from both academia and practical parties. This paper proposes a multifractal-based multiplicative cascades model for network applications, especially to analyze the test the network flow rate. It is observed that the fitting is well so that the proposed model is able to work out the flow rate in the network applications. In addition, the model using the multifractal-based multiplicative cascades is able to illustrate the trends of the flow rate in the network applications.

In this work the microcontroller is programmed in MikroBasic where the pattern shape is first determined using Fast Fourier Transforms offline and then the Fourier Coefficients are embedded in the program to perform calculations online to obtain the desired pattern. The stepper motors are used for accurate manufacturing. The program shows that microcontrollers do have sufficient memory to incorporate complex programs for intricate shape production.

Dynamic strategy-based security Kernel is very important in an embedded system. It is the core of a secure computing environment that can be implemented in the form of a hardware component installed in a computer or network topology, a software implementation, or a firmware system installed in a computer microchip, or in an embedded system. With increasing dependence on embedded systems, their reliability and security become more and more of an issue. This paper designs and develops a security Kernel prototype system which is named as SK-I. This prototype is very generic since it could be easily inserted to other systems or platforms. It is based on the safety identification, access control, user authority verification, and authority mechanisms. SK-I has been tested under difference dimensions so that the functionalities and performance are examined. From the testing, it is observed that create and delete operation costs a lot and the decision buffer plays an important role in enhancing the performance of an embedded system.

The purpose of this research is to design develop an early model for the use of early treatment that will improve the social interactions of children with ASD. Researchers from the department of social welfare, electrical engineering, industrial design, and fashion design carried out a fusion research for this purpose. The department of social welfare conducted a survey with professional therapists in order to first find out the necessary treatment components of the cat robot. The department of electrical engineering gave technical suggestions on the practical functions of the robot such as movements and emotional exchanges with humans. In addition, the department of industrial design proposed the robot’s exterior, movement, and character designs. Considering that the robot will be used as a therapeutic medium for children, they also developed an eco-friendly material in order to prevent infection and other hygienic problems and also improve the therapeutic effects of the robot. According to the result of FGI’s analysis, elements of function and motion have to be prepared for a cat robot was grasped. In consideration of these elements, guidelines to the construction of shape and motions for the design of the cat robot were established. By applying these guidelines, the design of outer shape of the cat robot was developed. And a cat robot’s structures, electrical circuits, and driving program for the treatment of children with ASD were suggested. Design of the cat robot’s Outer shape has to be developed to match inside structure of the cat robot, and the early model of the cat robot has to be completed to match these criteria.

Conventional distributed power control algorithms in cognitive radio (CR) are based on the assumption of perfect channel state information (CSI) which may lead to performance degradation in practical systems. In this paper, the robust distributed power control problem is investigated in CR systems by considering the uncertainty of channel gain. The objective is to maximize the sum rate of secondary users (SUs) subject to the primary users (PUs) interference power constraints and the transmission power constraint of SUs. The channel gain fluctuation is described using ellipsoid sets and the interference power constraints can be converted into robust interference power constraints. Lagrangian duality method is applied to solve the robust power control problem in a distributed way. Simulation results show that the effectiveness of the proposed robust algorithm.

Electric Control Loading System is to provide drivers with force feedback force displacement following system, the inner-loop as force-loop limited by strong disturbance of position loop and the narrow system frequency width, cause the system dynamic response is poor and simulation effect of force is bad. How to retrain disturbance of position loop surplus force and expand force loop bandwidth isa key problem for this system. This paper establishedthe physical and mathematical model of motor type electric control loading system, described the method to determine the parameters of force loop(inner loop) model; According to the characteristicsof force loop, the controller of force loop was designed based on LMI(linear matrix inequality), semi-physical simulation show that the controller restrain effectively the disturbance of surplus force, extend the bandwidth and improve rapid response of force loop. and user feedback showed that Electric Control Loading System’s static and dynamic characteristics fully meet the standardmilitarysimulatorwith this paper’s control strategy.

In this paper, we design and implement a firmware for portable PCR devices that is controlled by a smart phone. The firmware has the host-local structure in which the firmware receives operation commands from the smart phone and sends operation results to the smart phone through Bluetooth communication. The firmware is designed to accommodate unstable wireless communication of Bluetooth. We implement a low-cost small PCR device with the proposed firmware on microchip PIC18F4550, and verify that the implemented PCR device significantly re

In view of the difficulties caused by determining threshold for fault detection of analog circuits, a method based on principal component analysis (PCA) was proposed to overcome these difficulties. The basic model of the proposed method and the general rule for analog fault detection were described in detail. Power supply current test has the advantages that only one test point is needed and there is no need to propagate fault effects to the outputs. Fault detection of analog circuits using PCA of power supply current was evaluated by experiment. The signal filtering and amplifying circuit used in the ultrasonic liquid sensor was selected as the research object. And the detection results using power supply current are compared with those using the output voltage under the same stimulus. The results show that the PCA based method can use the information in both time and frequency domain simultaneously, and it can overcome the difficulty in determining threshold by the expert’s empirical knowledge. These make it a more suitable candidate for fault detection of analog circuits than pure time-domain or pure frequency-domain methods.

In these days, water-loop system using multi water resources is lively discussed. This system distributes water effectively by using multi water resources instead of new water resources development. Multi water resources consist of surface water, rainwater, reclaimed water, seawater etc. This system would be distributing sanitary water stably, and able to economical maintain the related facilities. Also, this system has an emergency reaction ability when system is faced with accident. Especially, if multi water loop system is constructed by using the city’s securable water, nation’s water resources will be utilized effectively and water resources will be developed or reused on a small scale. The neces elements of water-loop system design are suggested in this research. The elements are the followings; Model of connected water-loop pipe networks, platform model of multi water resources loop system, range of technology, difference with existing systems and direction of construction.

The Basic Probability Assignment is also called mass function. The BPA should basically include the uncertainty and obscurity of the context of the real world to recognize and reduce the uncertainty in the result of the arithmetic operation. The BPA makes a decision to make it possible the arithmetic operation between different heterogeneous signals or data. This study proposed calculation of the BPA by getting a clue from a policy that recognizes at a certain time interval and reports changes worth reporting. Usually, ‘the size of changes’ is often the base in a decision of meaningful recognition of events reported to the host. Like this, what aspect the value sensed with the lapse of time has as compared to that sensed in previous time is related to the context. Thus, in deciding the BPA, reflecting this point is relevant. This study analyzed the change of the proposed sensing value to decide the BPA, and based on this, it proved that contexts could be inferred.

The non-source temperature calibration method of the multi-spectral pyrometer (MSP), put forward in the previous article, is the non-source calibration method based on the MSP transfer function (NCCTF). In this paper, the practicability of NCCTF is researched. The situations that maybe encountered of the temperature points in the actual calibration process are simulated. The impact of the intervals temperature points of different number and unequal intervals temperature points on the NCCTF accuracy are researched theoretically to determine the temperature points select method. Simulation experimental results show that the NCCTF can meet the actual calibration process with good usability.

The size parameters of slider crank mechanism are directly treated as design variable. The analytical synthesis method of the mechanism with time ratio and the selecting range of design variable are presented. The mechanism synthesis method which simultaneously satisfies the conditions of time ratio and minimum transmission angle is presented. The synthesis problem of the slider crank mechanism, which makes it have maximum minimum transmission angle when time ratio is given, is completely solved. This method can not only judge the feasibility of mechanism synthesis, but also determine the parameters of mechanism one time. The ite

In this paper, we discuss joint detection schemes for an uplink cellular system when Base Station (BS) cooperation is possible for multi-cell users in a multi-cell scenario. Further, we analyze and evaluate the ML, ZF and ZF based SIC detection schemes. Although ML attains optimal performance, its complexity increases exponentially. Further, although ZF is simple, but exhibits the poor performance and SIC may give rise to error propagation. We propose a novel detection scheme, which combines the ZF detection and partial ML decoding scheme in order to improve the detection performance as well as to decrease the decoder complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme attains nearly 2 dB reduction in the required SNR values to achieve the same BER performance. Further, the proposed scheme can be applied to MIMO detection for a single user and extended to other types of multi-user and multi-antenna based future smart BS cooperation.

In this article, a dynamic model of a six degrees of freedom (6 DOF) Eight-Rotor MAV (micro aerial vehicles) is derived on the basis of the Newton-Euler formalism. The derivation comprises determining equations of the motion of the Eight-Rotor MAV in three dimensions and approximating the actuation forces through the modelling of aerodynamic coefficients and electric motor dynamics. For Eight-Rotor MAV is inherently unstable as they are highly sensitive to external perturb, here provides an adaptive double neural network controller for the motion control of the Eight-Rotor MAV autonomous flight. This controller is developed in three parts around each of the variables. The experimental results show that the proposed adaptive double neural network controller outperforms the conventional PID controller due to its fast adaptive qualities in the presence of sensor measurement noise and the parameters variations of Eight-Rotor MAV.

In order to solve the fault diagnosis problem of self-validating (SEVA) pneumatic actuator, an actuator fault diagnosis approach based on relevance vector machine (RVM) regression modeling and relevance vector machine (RVM) multi-classifier is proposed. The RVM regression is used to establish the normal models of the SEVA pneumatic actuator. The residuals generated by comparing the output of the models and the actual SEVA actuator are used as the nonlinear features. Then, the structure of the RVM for multi-classification is designed using k-meaning clustering methods, which is used as fault classifier to identify the condition and fault pattern of the SEVA actuator. The proposed approach is verified using fault data generated by DABLib model and actuator data from Lublin Sugar Factory and compared with support vector machine (SVM) fault diagnosis approach. The results indicate that the proposed approach overcomes the drawbacks of SVM and resolves the small sample and nonlinear problem in SEVA pneumatic actuator fault diagnosis.

Recently certain driver convenience systems including ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) such as navigation and GPS, and driver’s infotainment devices such as DVD players have been produced. AVM systems of these driver convenience systems support safety driving by providing situations around the vehicle to a driver. A driver can't fully monitor the situation around the vehicle at a glance using only rearview mirrors, a room mirror, and front and rear cameras, and using of only these devices causes blind spot which hinders driver’s safety. Blind spot is cause of personal injury and vehicle damage when parking vehicle, passing on a narrow street and turning left or right. Therefore studies on AVM systems have actively been progressing which provides surroundings of vehicles for drivers. Though existing AVM systems combines video images from four cameras and provides a driver with a full vision around the vehicle with no blind spots, the system has limitations that its monitoring area is narrow and fixed. Thus they are suitable for parking but are not suitable for monitoring situations around vehicle in various purposes. Therefore, in this paper, we will design and implement AVM system with adjustable around view to be shown that the proposed system provides multiple scopes of around views.

Using color linear array CCD (Charge Coupled Device) to collect the information of image has an important meaning in the research of the machine vision processing. It now becomes the focus of study on CCD image acquisition using FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) to implement color linear array CCD-driven design. The image acquisition and processing of the rice color sorter as the research background in this paper, by using FPGA to achieve the color linear array CCD driven control, as well as simulated with Quartus II 8.0. In order to be able to extract the color linear array CCD output useful information of the color images, through study the RGB model and the HSI (Huge, Saturation, Intensity) model of color space model, the HSI space mode is selected as the color image processing space model, and design the suitable algorithm-FCM (Fuzzy C-Means) clustering algorithm in HSI space for color image segmentation, through a fuzzy Toolbox in MATLAB to accomplish the FCM algorithm, at the same time, through the simulation realized the FCM algorithm. The simulation shows that the algorithm can segment the image useful information well.

Presence of severe nonlinearity in pH neutralization process makes the problem of pH control a difficult and challenging one. Further, optimized control of such highly nonlinear system requires tuning of various parameters with a suitable evolutionary algorithm (EA). This paper presents genetic algorithm (GA) based unconstrained, continuous and single-objective optimization of conventional and adaptive nonlinear fuzzy logic control (FLC) of pH neutralization process for servo and regulatory operations. The GA optimized adaptive FLC scheme changes the universe of discourse of input-output membership functions based on the region of operation and amount of step change in set-point and load. The performance of controllers are evaluated using integral of squared errors (ISE) and tested for random step changes in set-point and load.

This paper presents a mobile robot navigation method based on human walking trajectory in intelligent space. Unlike the traditional navigation methods, the proposed method enables the robot to walk a meaningful path, which reflects human activity patterns in daily life. Human walking trajectories are extracted using multiple distributed vision cameras in intelligent space. To group trajectories with the same direction, trajectory similarity measurement is implemented. Key points on human walking trajectories and typical transfer points are utilized to build a topological map. To navigate a mobile robot to walk along the trajectory of human walking, global path planning based on the topological map and local path planning based on gird map are carried out with the spared information in intelligent space. Experimental results illustrate the performance of the proposed navigation method.

In most sea surveillance radars based on non-coherent integration, the scan integration which improves signal to noise ratio and mitigates unwanted echo with a small correlation time such as sea clutter is widely used. The problems of the conventional scan integration are: (a) the target trail is generated through integrating prior scan and current scan; (b) it is difficult to detect a small and fast moving target because of the attenuated small target echo caused by scan integration. In this paper, the conventional scan integration algorithm is analyzed in order to overcome the above problems, and then a simple and efficient scan correlation algorithm is proposed to remove the target trail. The proposed scan correlation algorithm uses the difference the current and the prior CFAR processed scan video. Compared to the conventional scan correlation algorithm, the proposed method is very simple and efficiently removes the target trail. The computer simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can extract a fast moving target without a target trail.

Pattern classification / recognition is considered as one of the frequently adopted methodology in complex system fault diagnosis. This paper studies a group of methods which can be collectively categorized as signal feature matching based fault diagnosis methodology. This proposed methodology employs dynamic programming to quantify the distance between signals which are processed by morphological filtering. The proposed methods are applied to deterministic fault classification problem in Tennessee Eastman (TE) process to demonstrate the their validity and advantages.

Thermophysical properties of helium are significant in practical applications. However, the values of properties vary under different circumstances, which may have bad impacts on practical productions and applications. In our study, computational models like Linear Prediction and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are applied to predict the thermophysical properties of the chemical substances. By analyzing 50 data groups using Linear Prediction, General Regression Neural Network (GRNN) and Multilayer Feedforward Neural Network (MLFN) methods, 9 models were successfully established to predict the thermophysical properties of helium, including density, energy, enthalpy, entropy, isochoric heat capacity, isobaric heat capacity, viscosity, thermal conductivity and dielectric constant. Within permissible error range (30% tolerance), our models were proved to be robust and accurate which indicates that ANN models can be used to predict the thermophysical properties of helium.

Intelligent robots commonly adopt Network-Based Control Systems (NBCS). For control of a robot hand or a robot head, many sensor data and control commands need to be transmitted in real time, so they have necessitated communication systems with high transmission capability. Traditionally, CAN is widely used for intelligent robots, but it presents bandwidths that are too low for the control of a high performance system. In this paper, the relation between the transmission period and the performance of a multi-motor control system is analyzed, and a multi-motor control system for a human robot hand is implemented based on the FlexRay communication system, which is an emerging in-vehicle communication network system. FlexRay parameter optimization for a robot system is studied, and a real position control test is conducted, to validate the implemented system.

A 10 Gb/s equalizer consisting of analog equalizer and two-tap half-rate decision feedback equalizer (DFE) in 0.18m CMOS has been designer. By employing capacitive degeneration and inductive peaking techniques, the analog equalizer achieves large boosting. The pipelined half-rate architecture is used to improve the transmitted data rate in DFE with a small increase in area. Measurement results show that the distorted signal is well recovered by this equalizer and consumes 27 mW with the supply voltage of 1.8-V. The overall chip area including pads is 0.60.7 mm2.

Bridges have played an integral role in the development of economy and progress of human society, which facilitate transportation and promote regional economic development. However, a large number of bridges for sea-crossing or river-crossing have impeded the water transportation to varying degrees, and then one part of bridges are confronted with higher risk of ship-bridge collision. There are many ship-bridge collision accidents in the world in recent decades, which caused huge casualties and property losses. This paper proposes the model of risk degree for ship-bridge collision based on the theory of ship collision avoidance, as one parts of the system of active warning of ship-bridge collision avoidance, which can show the index of dynamic risk degree for vessels passing through bridge area. The index of ship-bridge collision can make more efficiency for the system of active warning of ship-bridge collision avoidance, which can ensure safety for vessels and bridges. The verification results show the application possibility of the model in practice.

A hybrid storage system consists of a small and fast solid state drive (SSD) and one or more slow and large hard disk drives (HDD). The purpose of a hybrid storage sys-tem is to exploit the IO performance of SSDs to enhance the overall IO performance with comparatively low cost. In a hybrid storage system, since the size of a SSD is small, the storage utilization for the SSD is very important to guarantee the performance of a hybrid storage system. Some existing hybrid storages use extents to manage a large storage efficiently. However, they cause an extent fragmentation problem. The extent fragmentation reduces the SSD utilization and the overall performance of a hybrid storage system. In this paper, to solve the problem we propose a new mapping method that uses different size of IO unit for SSD and HDDs. Also, we perform simulations to show that our proposed method guarantees better SSD utilization than existing methods.