Earticle

Most parallel garbage collection algorithms are based on the mark-and-collect technique. A mark-and-collect technique an effective asynchronous marking algorithm. There are two basic marking techniques: coloring and stacking. The coloring technique is asynchronous but its time complexity is O(MN) where M and N are the total number of nodes in the list memory and the total number of active nodes, respectively. The stacking technique offers effective marking process having only O(N) time complexity but requires extra stack space which can be as large as the size of entire active nodes(N). A new parallel garbage collection algorithm in ubiquitous environment has been devised which takes advantage of the asynchronous processing of coloring algorithms and the time efficiency of stacking algorithms. The algorithm requires no synchronization between the collectors and the mutators. and its tome complexity is close to O(N) with a small fixed-size stack in ubiquitous real-time system.

Currently there are a variety of different tools that may be used to analyze, model, describe and document a business process. However, it is difficult to exchange the information of a business process created in different tools because of the distinct information formats used in different tools. The XML Process Definition Language(XPDL) of the Workflow Management Coalition(WfMC) forms a common interchange standard that enables products to continue to support arbitrary internal representations of process definitions with an import or export function to map to or from the standard at the product boundary. Generally a business process model can be represented by the UML activity diagram, but there is a difficult task to directly generate an XPDL document from a business process model represented by the standard activity diagram. In the paper we will propose an approach to generate an XPDL document from a business process model represented by the extended UML activity diagram and provide an implementation for the approach.

Since 1953, using the Karnaugh maps to minimize the Boolean algebraic functions has been considered as the best method to simplify logic expressions. Due to the multiplicity of Boolean functions at number of variables, and variety of maps, it is better appropriate to present a method to determine the number of groupings of each map. This paper aims at specifying a number for each group containing cells separately, and finally, with exhibiting a main proposition, the desired method will be formulated.

This paper defines a new type of faults that can happen in the integration of embedded systems. When reusing a hardware component combining with a new software component, there can be discrepancy among the interfaces of the legacy hardware and the new software. IDF (interface discrepancy fault) means the faults that come from discrepancy between interfaces of reused hardware (legacy codes) and a new software to combine with. This paper defines the IDF model for embedded software testing. In this paper, the DFS (Depth First Search) algorithm is enlarged to insert IDF node and is used to automatically produce test scenarios considering the interface discrepancy. The resulted test scenarios raise the test coverage and help the testers to check the interface discrepancy faults between the HW and SW for embedded modules, which have usually been ignored and consumed much of the clueless efforts

Since open platforms such as Android vary in device manufacturers and application developers, modifications in software happened in multiple layers. Therefore, every layer including OS, library, framework and application may have defects within. Especially, a memory leakage which increases memory usage and diminish overall system performance is the key issue in embedded systems with highly limited resources. In this paper, we suggest a technique that detects memory leakage by gathering memory execution information in run-time via PCB hooking and apply this technique to actual Android smartphones. The suggested technique does not require a target source code and any hardware changes for memory leakage detection, and it is characterized by maintaining the same target runtime status even in detecting while minimizing performance overhead simultaneously. We implemented an automated tool of this technique for Android Smartphone, and show that it is effective.

In the information age of today, in which security is important, the use of biometric technologies such as fingerprint recognition and face recognition has been growing continuously. As many biometric products have been released to the market, it is necessary to evaluate whether these products are implemented in conformance with the international standard BioAPI. This paper presents a concrete case that develops and applies the BioAPI v2.0 CTS (Conformance Test Suite), which can evaluate the BioAPI standard conformance of the BSP object implemented according to the method described in the ISO/IEC 24709. To verify the effectiveness of the CTS evaluation method and evaluation tool proposed by this paper, BSP products from three security product vendors were received, and a standard conformance test was performed on those products. This paper also describes the test details.

In this paper, we consider periodic review production or inventory models incorporating inventory level dependent demand and random yield models. Inventory level dependent demand models have been investigated by many marketing and production management researchers. Random yield inventory models have also been investigated by many production management researchers. There is, however, to our best knowledge, a few researches involving periodic review production model incorporating inventory level dependent demand and random yield. We, therefore, investigate single period and multiperiod inventory problems in which demand is inventory level dependent in a very general form and production yield is also random. For the single period problem, we obtain the complete analytical solutions and give the numerical example. For the multiperiod problem, we first investigate the two period models and extend to the n-period problem.

The CDS (Channel Domain System) logically extends channel allocation capability over limited channel resources. The CDS provides CPs with flexible channel mapping mechanisms for various IPTV applications. Examples of such applications include channel naming using phone numbers and company names. The advantage of the CDS is two folds; it reduces cost of channel management and also, it facilitates usability of virtual channel for commercial and personal purposes. Proposed CDS mechanisms have been successfully implemented and applied in building commercial IPTV services.

With the recent expansion of 3G and 4G networks and great popularity of smartphones, location-based applications in various smartphones have drawn great attention. At the same time, indoor positioning technology has emerged as well. There have been studies on the conventional indoor positioning techniques focusing on the triangulation technique which uses indoor WiFi signals. However, this triangulation technique is only available in the area where three or more mobile AP signals can be detected. This study examines the effect on positioning performances when new AP is added. It has also attempted to investigate the accuracy of AP position by localization algorithm and changes in the positioning results.

This paper develops and evaluates a wind speed prediction model for Jeju area based on artificial neural networks, aiming at providing an accurate estimation of wind power generation to the smart grid system. For the history data accumulated for 10 years, the monthly speed change is modeled mainly to find the seasonal effect on tracing and resultant error patterns. A 3-layer model experimentally selects the number of hidden nodes to 10 and learns from 115 patterns, each of which consists of 5 consecutive speed values as input and one estimation output. The evaluation result shows that the error size is less than 5 % for 50 % of tracing and that slow charging over the median value opens a chance of further improvement. Finally, the monthly model makes it possible to build a refined day-by-day and hour-by-hour wind speed model based on the classification of months into winter, rainy, and other intervals.

The purpose of this study is to develop factors for policy framework for the Korean wind power industry. Policy decision-making process needs to be comprehensive and concise. However, it is difficult to predict the impact of strategic decision, because of expanding of business area, change of value chain in IT technology and globalization. This study purposes to develop factors for framework of strategic decision-making in case of tariffs in wind power industry. The methodology of the study is ANP (Analytic Network Process) and FGI (Focus Group Interview) based on S-C-P (Structure-conduct-performance) model. In this study, Tariffs affect market structure and conduct factors like technology level, technology localization ratio, business strategy and so on. To minimize the policy failure, an analysis of factors is clearly needed before application. This study expects to be useful in making policy decisions in middle and long term perspective.

A Transcranial Doppler ultrasound system measures blood flow velocity of brain vessels. It displays power spectrum density to the computer display and measures other important parameters. For this measurement, transmission speed between equipment and a computer plays an important role. In order to provide processing of high rate data communication, most Transcranial Doppler ultrasound systems use digital signal processor which performs the process in hardware and is connected by a universal serial bus controller to the processor. This research presents a new design of the Transcranial Doppler ultrasound system using CY7C68013 without digital signal processor and general programmable interface waveform of the CY7C68013 for the Transcranial Doppler ultrasound system. Also, this research describes control library for the personal computer and implemented software. According to the implemented software, the processing of Transcranial Doppler ultrasound system can be carried out.

In this paper, we propose an adaptive frequency domain channel estimation method based on a modified Kalman filtering, which requires low pilot overhead, for estimating and tracking time-varying channel in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. The proposed frequency domain Kalman filtering channel estimation achieves the minimum pilot overhead by exploiting periodically inserted pilot symbols and decision directed symbols between them. The pilot overhead efficiency and tracking performance of the proposed method is studied through simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed method has adequate tracking performance with a pilot overhead of below 5%.

Electronic Book or e-Book has become a new medium in education. An important consideration of e-Book in the education system is the quality of software that are shipped with it. The term ‘e-Book’ is ambiguous at best, and has been used interchangeably with netbook, mini laptop and e-reader to name a few. This paper is interested in determining an appropriate model for evaluating the quality of software in e-Book. It is argued that in order to reap the best possible outcome from e-Book (and on-line learning), quality of the software used should be of ‘acceptable’ standard. Past research efforts are reviewed and a comparison is made to identify best quality ‘characteristics’ that should be used in the evaluation of e-Book. An extension of the ISO 9126 model for assessment is proposed, categorizing five quality characteristics for e-Book.

The advances of ICT technologies and electronic display make it possible to provide digital signage services. Nowadays, the market of digital signage keeps getting bigger with the addition of newly advanced techniques. In contrast to existing signage solutions that just only provides uni-directional information, digital signage can provides bi-directional service that makes it possible interaction with users and provide more accurate audience response information to the advertisement contents providers. In this paper, we describe interfaces that audience measurement will be occurred and audience measurement related procedures.

Now, user can watch program contents selectively through IPTV service at anytime. User, however, has the difficulty in searching the desired program contents because of inefficient retrieval interface and content annotation of IPTV. Our search and ranking method suggests broadcasting programs relevant to the queried broadcasting program based on their semantic knowledge structures, which describe core concepts and relationships extracted from the contents of broadcasting programs. Program search technique is performed based on the revised tf*idf. We define four ranking measurements, topic label coverage, topic completeness, relation complexity, and topic density, to rank the retrieved programs according to their ranking scores.

Architecture framework (AF) is a guideline to define components needed to develop and operate enterprise architecture (EA), and to identify relationships among the components. There are many AFs to operate EA for of governments or businesses such as Zachman framework, DoDAF, TOGAF, FEAF, and TEAF. DoDAF is the most representative AF to support the development of the EA in the military domain. It is composed of eight viewpoints and 40 views that are affiliated with the viewpoints. However, views in DoDAF are structurally inter-related explicitly and/or implicitly. Similarly, data are twisted and complicated, too. So, developing an AF for a specific goal is going to be a project to be carried out over a long haul. To reduce the burden of its development, in this paper, we develop ONT-DAF (Ontology for DoDAF) that can infer inter-relationships like referential and transitive relationships and the sequences among the views. Furthermore, to promote reusability and consistency of the views and the data within an AF, we adopt the view-data separation strategy. To prove the effectiveness of ONT-DAF, we perform a case study.