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The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the sport value of youth sport-for-all participants on their cognitive ability and cognitive level. It's basically meant to help adolescents to enjoy a leisure life through the medium of sport for all to foster their self-expression skills and gain creative experience through the sport. After the encoded data were inputted into a computer, the statistical package SPSS WIN 17.0 was employed to make a multiple regression analysis(a=.05). The findings of the study were as follows: First, the sport value of the youth sport-for-all participants was found to exert an influence on their cognitive ability. Second, the sport value of the youth sport-for-all participants was found to exert an influence on their cognitive level.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 6 weeks plyometric training on 1,000m running performance and explosive power in modern pentathlon athletes. Fourteen modern pentathlon athletes have participated for this study and divided into two groups: plyometric training group(n=8) and control group(n=6). Routine training(swimming, fencing, pistol shooting and running) were carried out in both groups and plyometric training group did additional plyometric training(30min/day, twice a week for 6 weeks). Standing long jump, sargent jump, triple jump, 25m running, and 1,000m running performance were measured before and after 6weeks of training. 2way ANOVA with repeated measures was used for statistical analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows; 1. There were no significant differences in measurements of standing long jump, triple jump, 25m running and 1,000m running performance between two groups and within group. 2. There was a significant difference in sargent jump measurements between pre and post in plyometric group and it was higher in plyometric group than control group after 6 weeks of plyometric tarining(p<.05). In conclusion, plyometric training improved sargent jump performance but it did not bring improvement on other measurements and it may need longer training period to induce improvement in lower limb power of trained athletes.

The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of the persistent participation intention of screen golf participants on their sport emotion and social attitude. There is a change in the way of looking at golf, and screen golf is one of energetic physical activities to make good use of leisure and foster emotional development. Therefore it's basically meant in this study to investigate the experience, behavior and social attitude of screen golf participants to make academic and practical suggestions on how to step up the spread of screen golf as a sport for all. After the encoded data were inputted into a computer, the statistical package SPSS WIN 17.0 was utilized to make a multiple regression analysis(a=.05). The findings of the study were as follows: First, the persistent participation intention of the screen golf participants was found to exert an influence on their sport emotion. Second, the persistent participation intention of the screen golf participants was found to exert an influence on their social attitude.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of endurance or resistance exercise training following weight lifting training on glycogen level of skeletal muscle/performance related factors in elite female weight lifter. For the purpose of this study, 8 female weight lifters were divided into resistance group (n=4) and endurance group (n=4). In body composition, body fat was markedly decreased after endurance training(p<.05). Compared to resistance training, MG (macroglycogen) level was significantly increased in endurance group(p<.05) after treatment. lactate level also significantly deceased in recovery time (10min, 20min) after snatch 1RM test(p<.05). These results show that weight lifter also need to endurance training for the situation of energy supply during exercise and lactate clearance after training.

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between service quality recognized by users of ski resort, service value, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. For this purpose, this study used convenience sampling method with the 300 subjects who used membership and ski resort in Gangwon-do area and chose 279 questionnaires excluding 21 unsuitable for the data. These data were processed using SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 7.0. After test of goodness of model fit and verifying individual hypothesis. The results were as followings. First, service quality had a significant effect on service value. Second, service quality had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Third, service quality had a significant effect on customer loyalty. Fourth, service value had a significant effect on customer satisfaction. Fifth, service value had a significant effect on customer loyalty. Sixth, customer satisfaction had a significant effect on customer loyalty.

This study to evaluate of the correlation of balance ability and functional performance ability of college soccer players with ankle instability. In order to investigate for balance ability, during the one-leg standing, was a result of examining the moving path line to center of pressure, the instability groups are significantly different (p<.05) than stability groups. In case of the functional performance ability are figure-8 hop test and square hop test, there were a significantly different(p<.05). Also, a result of examining the relationship between balance ability and functional performance ability, the balance ability and figure-8 hop test between each square hop test showed a significant correlation (p<.05).

The purpose of study is to examine the effects of lifestyle on exercise adherence and leisure satisfaction in skin scuba diving club activities. Then skin scuba diving club members in Munseom, Beomseom, and Supseom under the jurisdiction of Seogwipo, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province served as the subjects and 600 members qualified as a skin scuba diver were sampled for objectivity and validity of study results. Double-entry, blank, and unreliable data were excluded from the analysis and 564 reliable data were selected for the final analysis. Data analysis was conducted using exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression analysis. Cronbach’s α coefficient was used to test reliability by internal consistency of questionnaire items and SPSS 18.0 package was used for data analysis. Finally, the following results were obtained. First, it was found that lifestyle significantly influenced exercise adherence in skin scuba diving club activities. Second, it was found that lifestyle significantly influenced leisure satisfaction in skin scuba diving club activities. Third, it was found that exercise adherence significantly influenced leisure satisfaction in skin scuba diving club activities

The purpose of this study was to analyze exercise intensity and energy consumption during practice match in men and women badminton players. The subjects in this study were 20 badminton players(aged between 15 and 17years, men 10 and women 10). We investigated the exercise intensity and energy consumption using the heart rate(HR) and respiratory gas analysis during badminton match. The badminton match were formed singles and doubles matches in men and women, respectively. As results, singles match showed significant higher HR compared with doubles matches, and peak HR showed interaction effects between sex and match type. Respiratory exchange ratio(RER) showed over 1.0 in all sex and match type, and the mean RER showed significant high level in men and singles match, and the peak RER showed significant interaction effects between sex and match type. The oxygen uptake and energy consumption were significantly increased in singles match compared with doubles matches, but not according to sex and had not significant interaction effects between sex and match type. In addition, the exercise intensity of badminton match in this study was 81.5% of maximal HR in men singles match, 78.5% of maximal HR in women singles match, 68.5% of maximal HR in men doubles match, and 72% of maximal HR in women doubles match. And also, the mean energy consumption during practice match were 11.06Kcal/min, 8.50Kcal/min, 8.20Kcal/min, and 7.15Kcal/min in men singles, men doubles, women singles, and women doubles match, respectively. And the peak energy consumption during practice match were 12.80Kcal/min, 10.55Kcal/min, 9.50Kcal/min, and 9.00Kcal/min in men singles, men doubles, women singles, and women doubles match, respectively. In conclusions, we suggest that the exercise intensity and energy consumption should be considered for promotion of badminton match performance.

The aim of this study was to analyze starting motion of a 500 meter speed skating in junior athlete of speed skating in man and woman. Two camera were used to capture a 30 meter starting. Subjects of this study were speed skating player in man (n=23) and women (n=23). The record of starting phase (from starting line to six step) was measured. The purpose of this study is to analyze basic technology about departure motion of sprinters who are vulnerable in case of international competitions, such as 2018 Pyeongchang Olympic speed skater to support the development of talented athletes. The results of this study as follows : 1. The reaction time after the start signal is 0.23∼0.43/sec in the women athletes, and 0.20∼0.36/sec in the men athletes. In addition, time to the first contact of the blade after the starting signal is 0.36∼0.66/sec in the female athletes, and 0.41∼0.68/sec in the athletes. 2. The acceleration interval after the starting signal, duration time between 4th and 6th stroke 1.33∼1.81/sec, 1.90∼2.61/sec in the woman athletes, and 1.28∼1.65/sec, 1.80∼2.26/sec in the men athletes. 3. The correlation between 500m record and interval time of each factor showed the static linear relationship in the woman athletes, but man athletes showed did not show a linear relationship. In explaining the time differences of the start phase of 500m speed skating race, the effectiveness of the starting records to be more important the higher rank player.

This study is for finding out the psychological situation and the psychological skills that hobbyists feel in baseball game. It saw awareness of game, psychological situation they face in game and psychological skills they need from 5 main players of the team that won the GBA league championship. In-depth interviewing data based on semi structured interview, participant observation, 4 sport psychological testing demonstrates following conclusions by the analysis of inductive category. Recognition of game as stance of team made ‘be faithful to their role', ‘sense of responsibility rather than pressure’ with a sense of duty and they were making well-organized teamwork by ‘sacrifice and consideration’, ‘doing best play’. In personal perspective on the recognition, they wanted to show ‘a win in contents’ ‘professional-looking play ability’. They were experiencing ‘positive situations’ that feel satisfied in ‘fun game’, ‘thrilling game’ and ‘negative conditions’ that are not going well in game. The psychology skill level of hobbist was using their way from experience rather than professional skills have been learned. It is expected that this study will serve as a momentum to generalize as having psychology skill training which has applied to only elite athletes extend to baseball hobbyists.

Freestyle wrestling allows to hold and attack both lower and upper extremities but Greco-Roman wrestling prohibits lower extremities attacks. Therefore, Greco-Roman wrestlers emphasize the use of throws such as salto and attacks of ground position such as waist turnover and neck turnover. Cervical muscle strength is an important element for applying exact techniques of ground position and it is more stressed for Greco-Roman wrestlers than Freestyle. The purpose of this study is to compare the normalized maximal isometric strength for cervical left lateral flexors, right lateral flexors, flexors, extensors, protractors and retractors and maximal isometric strength ratio for flexors per extensors and protractors per retractors in elite Greco-Roman and Freestyle wrestlers. Elite wrestlers who were training in the National Training Center of Korean Olympic Committee were enrolled, and 26 wrestlers without pain through cervical normal range of motion were participated in the present study. They consists of 11 Greco-Roman(GRE) group and 15 Freestyle(FRE) group. The main outcome measures were normalized maximal isometric cervical muscle strength(maximal isometric strength/body weight, MIS/BW(%)) of flexion, extension, protraction, retraction, left lateral flexion and right lateral flexion and maximal isometric cervical muscle strength ratio for flexors per extensors(FLEX/EXT(%)) and protractors per retractors(PRO/RET(%)). The data were analyzed into difference of between-group(⍺=.05). MIS/BW(%) of extension and retraction indicated significant difference in between-group(p<.05). FLEX/EXT(%) showed significant difference in between-group(p<.05). Elite wrestlers demonstrated difference of maximal isometric strength of cervical and maximal isometric strength ratio in Greco-Roman and Freestyle.

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether the impact and relevance, quality of life and leisure activities leisure constraints of the police officers and lifestyle issues that are derived to analyze the relationship between each variable and the data presented and to explore ways of research The purpose of this is. Study sampling station located in the metropolitan area (Seoul, Korea), Earth-divided into four regions, each multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method (multistage stratified cluster sampling Landdom), of Rift Valley Police and Law Enforcement, by considering the Earth-type, 11 were selected . From February 10 to February 29, 2012, 350 questionnaires were distributed to police officers. Duplex was less than 315, and 300, except for the material wealth 15 double response is a little stale or reliability of wealth material were used in the final analysis. Factor analysis, reliability analysis, frequency analysis, correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis was performed using the Windows Program SPSS PC Version 18.0 Data Processing. First, it showed a significant impact on the lifestyle of leisure constraints. Leisure constraints of the sub-factors for human lifestyle, eating habits affect the static constraints, it was found that a significant negative impact on the area of lifestyle exercise lifestyle. Significant negative impact on the inherent limitations in the area of the lifestyles of exercise lifestyle. Significant negative impact on the structural constraints of the lifestyle, eating habits in the area. Second, Leisure constraints, a significant impact on quality of life. Showed a significant negative impact on the area of physical health and psychological area, quality of life, social relationships, leisure constraints of the sub-factors for human pharmaceutical. The inherent constraints showed its significant negative impact on the area, quality of life, social relationships, living environment, and psychological area. The structural constraints of the area, the area of ​​quality of life, social relationships, physical health, psychological showed significant negative impact on the area. Third, the lifestyle had a significant impact on the quality of life. Static, impact, lifestyle dietary habits of the sub-factors of the quality of life in the area of ​​psychological and social relationships appeared to be a significant negative impact on the area. Showed a significantly positive effect on the psychological realm, the area of ​​social relationships, quality of life, and a significant negative impact on the area of physical health, lifestyle movement.

The goal of this study is to define the effectiveness of having intermittent exposure in hypoxia to rowing athletics’ body composition, blood lactate level, blood component and rowing performance. Rowers(n=12) from H University were participated in this study. Athletics were divided into two groups of H(Hypoxia group) and C(Control group). H group (n=6) had rests in low oxygen environment(14.5%) for 120 minutes per day, 3 days per week for six weeks, and C group (n=6) had rests in normal sea-level environment after having same level of training for both group. The results were as follows: First, the body Weight(kg), Body fat mass(kg), Fat free mass(kg), Body fat(%) was no significantly different between two groups. Second, blood lactate level were significantly decreased in 5, 10 20, 30 minutes after 2,000m rowing ergometer race in H group. Third, blood component of RBC, WBC, HcT, Hb, Reticulocyte, EPO was no significantly different between two groups. Forth, there were no significantly different lap time in rowing ergometer race between two groups. These results suggest that six weeks of intermittent hypoxia exposure did not improve blood component and performance in rowers.

This study aimed to compare anaerobic power between standing start and rolling start during Wingate test(30sec). The subjects were university cyclist(male 9). The paired t-test was used to analyze peak power(PP), mean power(MP), time to peak power(TPP), total work(TW), and fatigue index(FI) by starting types. The statistical significances were accepted at .05. Absolute and relative(watt/kg)PP, TPP and FI of Standing start were significant higher compare with rolling start(p<.05). But absolute and relative MP, TW of rolling start were significant higher compare with standing start(p<.05). These results suggest that anaerobic power factors were higher in standing start and anaerobic endurance(capacity) factors were higher in rolling start. In conclusion, anaerobic power factors were more applicable in standing start(5sec) and anaerobic endurance factors were more applicable in rolling start during 30sec.

The purpose of this study was to investigate problematic issues related to the positioning of youth sports instructors and to suggest the future directions. In order to accomplish the purpose of the present study, five instructors from the youth sport facilities utilized a purposeful sampling method, Data obtained from an in-depth interview and secondary data were analysed based on content analysis. Triangulation, peer review, and member check were used to obtain validity and reliability of the present study. The results of the study are as follows: The list of the final categories including entrance course and positioning of youth sport instructors was determined after the categorization of the issues and the analysis of these categories. Included in the entrance course is the basic understanding of motivation and participation of sports in youth, the instructor’s preparedness, and the instructor’s aptitude. Incorporated in the positioning of youth instructors are their leadership duties, regular duties, work-satisfaction, and the understand the progression of vision. The leadership duties are composed of efforts for program improvement and creative evolution of programs. The regular duties are comprised of membership supervision discrepancies and comradeship among colleagues. The instructor’s satisfaction involves financial security, job-satisfaction, and societal acceptance. The instructor’s vision for evolvement includes future job prospects, developing essential requirements, and the increase in participation of marginalized people in society.

The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in 4 x 100m relay time between Korea and Japan in order to improve the performance of 4 x 100m relay for the 17th Incheon Asian Games in 2014. This study compared 4 x 100m relay time between high school and masters levels of Korea and Japan. Using the top 10 best athletes, we compared the 4 x 100m Relay's best time, progress of record, record development and the difference between periods. The results indicated that Japanese had faster records both high school and masters levels over the year. The masters level of Korea showed a highest rate of best record growth. Japanese was faster than Korean on the average time of the top 10 by year. There was a significant difference in the analysis of records difference by the periods. It was concluded that Korean athletes showed lower levels compared to Japanese. It was even more lower in the masters level than high school level; therefore, it is imperative that Korean track & field team needs more organized training methods to improve the performance on the 4 x 100m relay.

The purpose of this study was to understand what influence Flow Experience of Participants of Youth Sports Club has on Emotional Development and Intention of Continuance Participation. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire in which Flow Experience Scale as identified by Scanlan(1993), translated by Jung(1997), Emotional Development Scale as translated by Kim(2007), Lee(2002), Ji(2001), Intention of Continuance Participation Scale as identified by Dzewaltowski(1989), translated by Kim(2003). 240 subjects were selected from the participants of youth sports club in the seoul & gyungki by the stratified cluster sampling method. Among these selected subjects, 216responded, and data analyses consisted of employing frequency analysis, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Multiple correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS/PC+ version 15.0. The following results were obtained: 1. It was found that flow experience of participants of youth sports club has an influence on emotional development. 2. It was found that flow experience of participants of youth sports club has an influence on intention of continuance participation. 3. It was found that emotional development of participants of youth sports club has an influence on intention of continuance participation.

This study was aimed to investigate an effect of administration of Seeweed Extracts on aerobic capacity, exercise fatigue and concentration in elite athletes. For this study, 30 elite athletes in K university were selected as experimental subjects and divided into two groups; Experimental group(n=15) and Placebo group(n=15). Extracts from Seeweed were drawn by ethanol or water and condensed by rotary evaporator. Supplements from Seeweed were administrated twice per day by supervision of researchers. Exercise stress test was performed before and after administration by using KISS protocol. Concentration level was checked before and after administration by types of brain waves which were measured by electroencephalographic device. Serum lactate and LDH were analysed for measuring severities of exercise fatigue. 3 ml Blood from antecubital vein of subjects were collected and used for analysing LDH level. And concentration of lactate was checked on 4 times(on resting, right after, 30 and 60 minutes after exercise stress test) and analysed by Finger tip method using capillary tubes. Results of this study are as follow; Exercise endurance time in experimental group was increased significantly, and Cardiovascular endurance was enhanced after administration. Serum lactate level was decreased after 2 weeks. And also ɑ-wave after aerobic exercise was decreased, which means concentration capacity was improved after administration. According to results of this study, it is suggested that Seeweed Extracts has a possibility to use as ergogenic aids which improve cadiovascular endurance and enhance concentration capacity and also decrease exercise fatigue in elite athletes.

The object of this study shows the learning effect of feedback precision on transfer of golf putting learning by the group; the first group that is offered quantitative feedback, the second group that is offered qualitative feedback, the third group that is offered quantitative feedback at the former practices and qualitative feedback at the later practices, the last group that is offered qualitative feedback at the former practice and quantitative feedback at the later practices. The subjects are right handed male students attending on G university without experience of golf putting ever. For dividing groups, 10 of pre-test conducted. Based on the mean of 10 trials by stratified sampling, 8 of subjects are divided on each team. The measure of practice level is two-way ANOVA with repeated measures, and transfer level is one-way ANOVA. The significant level is P<.05. The results are as followed. During the practice level, there's significant difference, and the practice effect of group offered quantitative feedback continually is significantly excellent. During the transfer level, there's no difference between group offered quantitative feedback and group offered qualitative feedback at the former practice and quantitative feedback at the later practices also the motor learning effect of both group are excellent.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical training in ski athletes cardiopulmonary function and body compositions. 10 women cross country and alpine ski athletes were selected to conduct the experiment. They went through various physical training such as plyometric training, weight training, interval training and circuit training etc. for six months, five days per week for six hours daily. The results showed that among cardiopulmonary function, there was no difference in maximum heart rate but there was a statistically significant increase in the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max). Body Mass Index (BMI), bodyfat, leanbody and WHR’s body composition did not show any statistically significant difference. In conclusion, it is revealed that 6 months of various physical training enhances athletes maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), which is closely related to athletic performance.

The purpose of this study was to know that what effect of the self-efficacy and physical self-perception on the emotional of middle-aged women in aquarobics participant. The subjects in this study were 136 middle-aged women in aquarobics participation and 100 middle-aged women in aquarobics nonparticipation. The collected data was analyzed by frequency analysis, cross tabulation analysis, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson;s correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis used SPSS windows 18.0 and AMOS 18.0 program. Finally, the following conclusions are drawn. First, the middle-aged women's aquarobics participation in exercise groups than the non-participating group of the sub-factors of emotion, tension, depression, anger, confusion factors were significantly lower. In addition, the group exercise participation sub-factors of self-efficacy than the non-participating group efficacy, self-confidence, and self-regulation the preferred task difficulty factors were significantly higher. Sub-factors of the physical self-perception of health factors and exercise participation group than the non-participating group was significantly higher. Second, middle-aged women's participation of movement off aquarobics participating groups according to the duration of emotions, self-efficacy, physical self-perception, there was no significant difference. Third, the middle-aged women's emotional of movement off aquarobics participating groups partially affected the sub-factors of self-efficacy. Specifically, confusion, self-efficacy had a positive effect on confidence. Forth, the middle-aged women's emotional of movement off aquarobics participating groups had not effect on physical self-perception.

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between life skill and school life adjustment on the sports activities participation of secondary School Students. In order to achieve this purpose, 400 subjects were selected among participants of sports activity in Seoul area using the stratified cluster random sampling method. Out of the 450 questionnaires responded to, only 265 were used for data analyses because 135 were responded to incompletely or incorrectly. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire whose validity was evaluated by an expert group and whose reliability was judged from the Cronbach's alpha values ranging from .74 to 83. Then data were analyzed using SPSS PC 10.0 and AMOS 5.0. To conduct frequency analysis, exploratory factor analysis, correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, multiple regression analysis and standard regression analysis. The results first, both life skill and school life adjustment differ statistically and significantly according to both socio-demographic variables and sports activities. Second, there are causal relationships among secondary school students’ life skill and school life adjustment.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of sport participation motivation on self-efficacy and exercise adherence of sports for all participant in local community. 361 adults were selected as a collected group by convenience sampling. According to research principal components factor analysis, pearson correlations analysis and standard multiple regression analysis through SPSS 19.0 are applied for the analysis of the data. The results are as follows; First, sport participation motivation have influences on self-efficacy of sports for all participants. Second, sport participation motivation have influences on exercise adherence in sports for all participants. Third, self-efficacy have significantly influenced on exercise adherence in sports for all participants in local community. Therefore, it is necessary to do research in terms of multi psychological factors in order to improve exercise adherence.

This thesis was designed to find out the effect of adolescents' family strength and its link to self-efficacy accoding to the family leisure activity type. There are two types of family leisure activities, core leisure type like ----- and balance leisure type. As for family strengths, this study looked into family cohesion, adaptation and family communication. To achieve these objectives, a survey was performed with 385 respondents and the research has conducted individual and group interview with 4 middle school students as key informants. in G city by convenience sampling method. The collected data were run by the SPSS/WIN 14.0 and AMOS 7.0. for frequence, reliability, and factor analysis, structural equation model From the analyses of the data, the study reached the following conclusions: First, a significant difference among family leisure types was found with the adolescents of balances families reporting higher self confidence than core families type. Second, core leisure family strength and self-confidence perceived by adolescents and leisure activities with family can lead to greater family strengths. Third, balance oriented activities was particularly important in enhancing family strengths. As leisure time increases and as the importance of leisure with family leisure activity is ever more emphasized. family become more active in their family leisure activities as more studies on family leisure activities are released.

The purpose of this study was to analyze on perception of physical education class in elementary pre-service teachers. To achieve the purpose, participants of this study were 114 elementary pre-service teachers. The collected data were analyzed by the open-ended questionnaire and in-depth interviews. The findings were as follows. First, negative perception were huge burden of physical education class(26.8%), dissatisfation of physical education class (22.2%), problem of performance test in physical education class (24.6%), lack of support by university administration(15%), inefficiency of outdoor activities(11.4%). Second, positive perception were positive emotional cultivation(39.8%), improvement of physical development(23.4%), improvement of performance level(20.4%), improvement of interpersonal relationship(16.4%).

The purpose of this study was to discover the activation measures in accordance with the changes in the business environment of Taekwondo gym. . For this purpose, qualitative research method based on the in-depth interview was used. Five directors of Taekwondo academies in Seoul and Kyungki-Do where more than 300 trainees are learning are designated as the participants of this study. As for the in-depth interview, method of unstructured interview was used. By using the inductive analysis method, contents of the in-depth interview were categorized as following. The change of business management environment of Taekwondo gymnasiums could be predicted by classifying it into external change of business management environment and internal change of business management environment again they can be categorized more specifically. For the causes of external change of business management environment, there are intensified competitions between the education service firms, changes of the parents' perceptions and changes in relevant policies. For the causes of internal change of business management environment, there are changes in Taekwondo training program, changes in programs other than Taekwondo and changes of employing and managing Taekwondo masters. Strategies for activation of Taekwondo gymnasium can be proposed as the followings. First, Taekwondo gymnasium must enlarge its environment and facilities. Second, the training program must be dualized into a general program for character education and a professional program for developing professional athletes for each technical systems. Third, programs other than Taekwondo must support the school physical education focusing on the obesity control program. Also it must include various programs for a variety of education services and activation of cost diversification strategy. Finally, for the Taekwondo masters' stable employment and professionality improvement, it is necessary to activate a manpower pool that can cooperate with Taekwondo central agency.

The present study aimed to explore the effects of leisure experience by tandem paragliding participants upon their satisfaction and post-participation behaviors divided by attributes of satisfaction. Among those who took part in the test two-seater paragliding at the training sites in Gyeonggi, Chungcheong and Jeonbuk provinces during the weekends from Oct. 2012 to Mar. 2013, 335 were selected as the subjects for this study by means of convenience sampling. From the study, it was concluded as follows: First, the leisure experience of paragliding participants turned out to have direct positive (+) impact upon their satisfaction. Second, it was found that the leisure experience of paragliding participants had direct positive (+) impact upon their post-participation behaviors. Third, the study found that the satisfaction of paragliding participants had direct positive (+) impact upon their post-participation behaviors. The conclusion suggested that paragliding instructors should seek to operate the experience program that could bring satisfaction to participants, remove any elements that might cause danger to safety, and improve facilities and surrounding conditions with a view to encourage continuing and expanding participation in paragliding practices. Such measures will ensure diversification of tourism goods of local communities and activation of local economy as well as will lay foundation for sustaining progress of aeronautic leisure sports industry.

The purpose of this study is to test a causal relationship between athletic participation of personal training, positive and negative emotions and stress. The subjects are 800(boys:406, girls: 394) children who live in Gwangju city and Chonnam province and they are 4th and higher graders. The scales used in this study are PANAS-X which made by Watson & Clark(1994) and stress scale which made by INSoo Kim(2009). Data are analyzed ANOVA and structure equation. In analysis of variance, the boys show higher positive emotions and academic stress than those of girls, athletic participants show lower negative emotions and academic stress than those of non-participants, 5th grade and 6th grade students show higher academic stress than that of 4th grade. In analysis difference between athletic participants and non-participants according to each items in emotions and stress, participants show higher self-confidence and attention of positive emotion than those of non-participants and lower anger and loneliness of negative emotion, dispute between friends of stress than those of non-participants. In analysis structure equation, suggested model in this study which made by extraneous variable is athletic participation and endogenous variables are positive and negative emotions and stress is tested as a theoretical model(χ2=183.83, χ2/d=3.11, GFI=.952, TLI=.959, CFI=.969, RMSEA=.07). The paths of athletic participation → positive emotion, athletic participation → negative emotion, athletic participation → stress, negative emotion → stress are significance.

The purpose of this research is to find the relationship between the leisure commitment, satisfaction of the participants and the psychological well-being of the marine leisure sports participants to revitalize and expand the base of the marine leisure sports as well as to suggest the fundamental educational data by interpreting the data in-depth. The analyzed relationship between the leisure commitment, satisfaction of the participants and the psychological well-being of the marine leisure sports participants using the above research methods are as follows. First, there were partial differences in the commitment, satisfaction and the psychological well-being of the marine leisure sports participants because of the characteristic factors of the demography. In gender, notable difference were shown in societal satisfaction, in different age groups, cognitive commitment and psychological satisfaction showed notable difference and in participated events, the societal satisfaction showed notable difference. Second, the cognitive commitment and behavioral commitment, psychological satisfaction and environmental satisfaction, model behavior and the group identity as well as the emphasized behaviour, self-acceptance, positive personal relationship and the purpose in life showed notable correlation in the commitment, satisfaction and psychological well-being of the marine leisure sports participants. Also, the societal satisfaction and self-acceptance, positive personal relationship and the purpose in life showed correlation and the self-acceptance and positive personal relationship, purpose in life, positive personal relationship and purpose in life showed positive correlation. Third, the satisfaction affected the psychological well-being of the participants and the environmental satisfaction and the societal satisfaction which are the sub-factors in the participation satisfaction also affected the psychological well-being.