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In the current university education that only emphasizes practicality and job conformance, cultivating interdisciplinary knowledge through reading education can be a god way to satisfy the original goal of university education. Universities are already inducing students to read books through various reading encouragement programs and managing or developing subjects related to reading education in general education level. This study aimed to review how they are managed, what kind of problems they have, and search for ways of reading education in university. First of all, this study examined the current reading programs of universities and their problems. After reviewing the current status and problems of the common reading programs of universities such as ‘presenting recommended books’, ‘reading certificate system’, and ‘provision of mileage’, it suggested the necessity of staged reading programs with the level of composition nearing that of subjects such as freshmen reading programs of American universities. Then, it presented the necessity of reading education linked with subjects and examined the current status and ways to develop that. It analyzed the status of introducing and developing the subject of reading education at the general education level in universities in 2000, and explored ways of effective reading education by connecting systematic reading and discussion-linked reading. This study focused on how to realize reading education that aims to cultivate interdisciplinary knowledge than on functional and practical reading. In the reality of Korea where ‘Liberal Arts’ and ‘Discipline’ are divided, reading education is expected to serve the important role of closing the gap between the two.

Since the purpose and methods of traditional education can not meet the needs of21st century society, the university was looking for new training methods. One of those efforts is the PBL. PBL is a different paradigm, objectivism and the starting point for a predetermined answer exists. All from the understanding of problem to solvein the process of training students ‘learner-centered’, which it self must be addressed, requires a variety of skills to enable learners. Writing at the university an dal so requires high-level trouble shooting skills. Accurately recognize the subject of a variety of writing, and is due to be system atically structured in a creative information. Writing PBL is an active learner in terms of writing that students decide to write your self a goal of their own, thereby creating a systematic and creative content, writing lead a productive outcome. Since under go a complex process, students learn not only the fossilized writing theory, it is possible to cultivate the problem-solving skills, self-directed learning, communication skills in addition to information required for writing. This study was planned in terms of enabling the active and leading writing activities of utilizing the PBL students writing as a form of student writing. Writing lecture PBL environment does not aim to present a problem solving model for any particular writing. Writing lecture utilizing the PBL depending on the capacity, level of understanding of students about the teacher responsible for teaching writing should be coordinated flexibly.

As the foreign learners in the domestic universities increase, they have come to recognize the need for having a system to develop the foreign students’ college scholastic abilities. Since the learning courses of the students aim at the scholarly communicating on the basis of academic achievement, the academic reading and writing should be an integrated practice. Accordingly, this study will look at the methods to help the foreign learners to be able to carry out effectively their studies for academic purposes. In the communication of interpretative semantics the subject of communication is an interpreter. The subject who constructs meanings of a text is an interpreter, and the subject who creates a text, the environments where the interpreter is and the text act as the elements of interpretation for the interpreter’s constructing meanings of the text. Such point of view that accepts to put various interpretations on a text diversifies the foreign learners’ reading text and gives writing activeness by constructing diverse meanings. Critical writing is the writing subject to a critic’s attitude and interpretation, and the theme of a text can be diversely understood. As critical writing is a typical writing category which can use the structure of the interpretative semantics, teaching model can be suggested to the foreign learners as follows 1. Progress of the class (1) Choosing a text and understanding the analysis method of the text (2) Taking interpretative elements and evaluating the suitability of interpretation (3) Deciding the viewpoint of criticism (4) Evaluating and modifying the text through presentations and mutual comments 2. Evaluative items (1) Evaluation of understanding and analysis of the text (2) Evaluation of interpretation of meaning elements of the text and writing criticism (3) Evaluation of group activities such as discussion and mutual comments on the text (4) Evaluation of modification to raise the level of writing 3. Expected effects (1) The foreign learners can make better use of contextual knowledge. (2) They can enhance the level of writing by constructing the knowledge of contents and mutual texts. (3) The teaching model can encourage the foreign learners to have activeness in reading and writing for academic purposes. (4) The foreign learners can understand other cultures introspectively through recognizing the sociocultural difference of the participants in the communication and the difference of method for approaching the text.

The purpose of this study is to design a cultural learning activity that coincides with the characteristics of academic Korean language learners through the use of research methods adapted from ethnography and phenomenology. From the ethnographic aspect, cultural learners can develop an in-depth understanding of the target culture through actively interacting with the target cultural group. By doing so, the academic Korean language learners take on the role of researchers of the Korean culture. From the phenomenological aspect, the ethnographic activity provides learners with the opportunity to participate in the daily activities of the target culture for study purposes. Through the activity, the learners will be able to learn “something” from the group members of the target culture, and the essence of that “something” is consisted of what they acquired through the progress of collecting, analyzing, and explaining what they have learned throughout the experience. As researchers of the Korean culture, the academic learners will not only acquire the cultural knowledge of Korea, but also the behavioral patterns as well as the different customs of the Korean norm. Furthermore, these learners, as intercultural communicators, will become competent to accurately recognize, compare, and understand different social context in order to successfully carry out intercultural communications by conveying messages appropriately.

This paper is the follow up of “the historical awareness consideration on Wonkyou and Shinjae through Donggukakbu.” This thesis was written in order to develop the outcome of the former paper and to understand the difference and similarities of awareness between the mythology and legendary by analyzing more pieces. Wonkyou accepted the marvelousness and miracle of the legendary and mythology as they are without any criticism or suspicion and seeked historicality and literary value, granting objectivities without considering historical records with rational and critical perspective. Not only that, Wonkyou but also expressed the contents not in historical records with his rich imagination and expression. Shinjae, unlike his father, strived for validity and truth with close investigation on objective historical analyzation and practical fact of historical incidents, showing scholarly and calm attitude. He emphasized on scientific strictness and accuracy in history that he disregarded the origins of mythology and legendary that people may suspect and ridicule for being absurd and impious. Therefore, the pieces of the father typically are full-length with the blend of historicality and literary value, but Shinjae’s pieces are generally fragmented since he simply expresses his opinion on the truth of the history.

This writing is related to planning to closely look at ‘Writing with body’ of female poem, being grafted into thoughts of the East and West. Existing studies dealt with female poems, depending on theories of the West so that it seems that another study about female poem is necessary. First of all, recent female poems are characterized by non-specialization of area of woman’s nature. The study read poems written by Kim Haeng-sook and Jin Eun-yeong, harmonizing ‘Body without organs’ told by Deleuze with Laotzu’s way of Thinking. ‘Body’ shown in poems written by Kim Haeng-sook becomes one with material in shapelessness. Poetic subject is ‘me as a partial object without I’ which includes différent. This embodies desire of the poet who intends to be a subject of change in the midst of changed environment. This corresponds to ‘body without organs’, ‘truth’ which aim at Different thing- becoming through inward connection and relation. Metonymic writing accompanied here is related to thinking based on inaction - such thinking does not give name for object. Poems of Jin Eun-yeong are disclosed in part of body coexisted with things. This as inward image of the poet corresponds to ‘place of immanence’ or meaning of truth. This is also similar to development method of poems written by Kim Haeng-sook. But Jin Eun-yeong does not indicate object as ‘me’. It seems that the narrator takes attitude to listen the voice of object outside poems and then record it. This is an another trial to recognize self-otherness which occupies a point in the dimension of body, time and space, and changes. As a result, this accompanies writing of synecdoche that put metaphor upon metonymy. This is related to ethic of ramble. The poems symbolically show that female poems are moving to another stage, trying writing of creating new meaning.

Jeong Soon-ung has written his poems through the reflection on nature. His poems carry locality: they demonstrate the fact that literature mirrors human lives and places. They also seek for the aesthetic values and the meaning of life through the spatial images, which are revealed in his view of literature. Jeong’s poetry show the various levels of the consciousness of the existence. The consciousness of the existence in his poetry has the variation. This space, which is the place of his literary life and activities, forms the web of the essential meanings of his poetry. The East Sea repetitively appear as the two of the representative spatial images. Jeong’s view of poetry is characterized by regional attitude. The meaning of region can be called the spirit of lyricism, and Jeong’s poems are the typical showcase of it. The good examples are poetic attributes as the spirit of the undetermined native place. And his sense of existentialism based on the nature is a symbol of placeness. The simple formality deriving from Jeong’s lyricism is sometimes accompanied by the lack of aesthetic realms. Nonetheless, his spirit and works prove our surroundings and the typical pattern of the field of regional literature by performing effects.

As for poems of Park Yongnae, alienated space is closely associated with gaze of poetic subject to stare at alienated beings. Park Yongnae tried to perceive and overcome ‘emptiness’ at the same time by extending ‘a long’ distance between ego and reality. In front of history’s ordeal of colonial reality and the reality of national division, the poet came to have fundamental sense of alienation. He perceived through a life of poverty that huge nonegos of industrial society and capital cause alienation and objectively gazed at poor people’s lives. The speaker’s gaze at alienated space expanded to spirit of the age and recognition of the world. In respect of poetry, sense of alienation does not collide with real world, but rather becomes a poetic device to embrace the reality. Park Yongnae takes a poetic attitude to silently gaze at objects found at the alienated space. Park Yongnae displays his contemplative awareness to figure out the essence of the objects, starting from observing them. Never stopping as a observer of landscape, his awareness reaches the origin of the landscape. After following the awareness to silently gaze at the nature, will to endure time of alienation is captured. The reason that peoms of Park Yongnae describe transcendence and futility but not end up at frustration is because he holds fast his contemplative awareness to embrace the nature and the reality which are given to the objects by keeping the poetic distance. Park Yongnae minimalizes intervention of a speaker and composes poems with images of objects. Objects of poetry keep each independence and have horizontal relation with their own images. By means of blocking fixed meanings brought from one-sided staring, highlighting relation of objects, and describing images in harmony, the relation of the object creates its meaning. It was revealed that his endemic local features and pastoralness which have been evaluated is the poet’s will to endure time of alienation by capturing ordinary and fundamental relation. His positive attitude to regard objects as things to sympathize with came from his contemplative awareness to keep a poetic distance. Moving forward from limiting the meaning of the nature to his local features of Park Yongnae’s poems, it is possible to expand the meaning to try to make relation with objects. ‘Peripherality’ observed from ordinary and popular perspective made communication with nonego possible and became the motive of Park Yongnae’s works at the same time.

卢天命(1912-1960)和石评梅(1902-1928)分别在韩·中两国被誉为近现代女性文学的开拓者。受5·4新文化运动的影响，石评梅的诗作饱含启蒙主义精神，具有时代的进步性和现代性。卢天命的文学创作虽然在韩国的启蒙思潮之后，但她依然被认为是在韩国近代女性文学领域中有着实质性业绩的女流诗人。于1900年代初期诞生的这两位女诗人之间虽未有直接的影响关系，却在诸如家庭出身、教育背景、情感经历、孤独终生等方面存在很多的相似之处。然而，她们诗作的诗意识并未因生平的相似而相同，石评梅的诗看似悲壮却渗透着浪漫主义乐观的世界观，而卢天命的诗看似浪漫却渗透着悲观的世界观。孤独、死亡、泪、梦、乡愁、情感的节制、厌世意识等等在两位女诗人处有了更多且更深的诠释。看似极具悲剧性的女流诗人，其背后却蕴藏有强大的爆发力。

This paper was written to reevaluate Yeom Sang - Sup’s newspaper serial novel 『Widow』. In most of the previous studies, this work was regarded as a failure in the newspaper series. However, the existing evaluation that the problem of the widow was not dealt with in depth was the result of an analysis outside the work. It was not a research result that originated from the inside of the work. In this paper, I tried to reevaluate 『Widow』 by analyzing conflicts, character types, generation conflicts, and writers’ intentions, which are constitutive elements of works not covered by existing achievements. As a result of analyzing his work, the following extraordinary points were pointed out in 『Widow』. First, interest and tension were weak in the discourse of marriage disorder, which is the main conflict factor of the main characters. It can be analyzed as a characteristic of the composition by referring to how the pursuit of the intention of the writer’s works. Second, the reevaluation factor of 『Widow』 is the character of widow type. Widow types are classified as indivisible and obedient Third, although there are a lot of person conflicts and generation conflicts which obstruct the romance of the main characters in the work, the interest factor is weakly written. Based on these research results, the reevaluated 『Widow』 was not popular. It is due to the problems of typical character personality, the omission of excessive composition, and the shaping of the true intention of the author. In addition, since this work, the aspect of the conflict of the composition of the novels has weakened, and concessions and non-aggressiveness of the early generations have appeared in the works. These results were made under the intention of the writer, which can be evaluated as a characteristic of the writer’s later novels.

In this paper studied Choi In-ho’s The Hometown of Stars based on viewpoint that literature is composed within the contemporary social context. Looking at The Terrifying Many(1972) as a metafiction, Choi In-ho pursued ‘pure novel writing’ as an antithetical to ideological literature. The postideological literary sense allows Choi In-ho to have literary freedom to write various types of writings. It is understandable that Choi In-ho was able to write a popular newspaper novel in a serious age. The Hometown of Stars(1972) was a novel that filled with public anxieties while ignoring social problems in the era when Park Chung-hee began to wrestle to the public. This feature is noteworthy in terms of aesthetic politics, in that the contemporary public were able to move away from oppressive social order and to live an independent life. In the early 1970s, the landscape of Korean society is scene that became a ‘literary boy and girl’, reading The Hometown of Stars and enjoying ordinary life. Therefore, it can be said that The Hometown of the Stars of the 1970s existed as a political text in which literature intervened politically as literature itself and distribute the sensible.

There are not many previous studies on the literature of Yun Hu-myeong, a novelist of medium standing, despite its qualitative and quantitative accumulation. The publication of complete collection of his works raises a need for full-blown research and interest in his works. Characterized by self-reflectivity, self-search and destruction of legitimate narrative, his novels are in the basic structure of travel/digression narrative. Travel narrative is a proper literary device to present the topics of political and economic suppression and poverty as well as the existential anxiety, human alienation and existential fear through situations in which wandering and roaming is inevitable. The events that offered causes of departing and wandering in the early modern and modern history of Korea were put in the foreground in his novels with no specific information provided about the characters, which was his narrative strategy for poetic and metaphorical embodiment. In his novels, the male protagonists go on a journey beyond time and space repeatedly, establish their self-identity through a deviation with female others they encounter during their travel, and meet ethnic Koreans living in China, ethnic Koreans in Russia, Korean workers in Hawaii, North Korean defectors, and North Koreans. They also explore their origins and identities by introducing individuals they can relate to and historical figures in the Korean history. Having sex with women and living together with them is a conceptual device to signify their otherness. Such existential reflection and fundamental search of theirs are combined with migration and multicultural phenomena, thus having them win the sympathy and universality by encountering Korean migrants and moving from self-identity to Korean identity to share the collective memories. Travel fantasy narrative is a core narrative unit of Yun’s literature and proper way of depiction for the floating era of nomadism, containing historical and conceptual internal travel in it as well as geographical and physical travel. Digression destroys the legitimate narrative by moving away from the main plot, but it is an effective technique for artistry and provocative originality as an allegory and metaphorical form to return to the original theme. In his novels, the main characters try to have a distance from themselves as well as the Korean reality and do an existential and philosophical self-examination about life, love, and death by telling bits of stories from ancient or primitive history, mythology and tales and introducing the stories of people they meet during travel. Abrupt retrieval of memories helps to identify people to be remembered with things to be associated with, and digression contributes to an encounter with the shadow or persona of a main character. The travel and digression narrative structure consistently found in his works reflects a reflective topic that life is the continuance and repetition of coincidence and contingency and in a fragmented and splitting structure rather than an organic and causal one. The spontaneous insertion of digression is Yun’s depiction strategy to make the familiar unfamiliar and highlight artistry by returning to the thematic consciousness. It is also one of basic narrative units and literary features of his works. Travel and digression, which make frequent appearances his novels and short stories, are depicted in independent and fragmented ways and in pursuit of becoming others through a distance from a self. Telling strange and unfamiliar things and stories with signs and images, Yun’s literature explores self, race, and root in a non-representative, anti-realistic narrative and thus has experimental and rhizome features.