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Background : Many factors affect foot and ankle biomechanics during walking, including gait speed and anthropometric characteristics. This study examined the effect of walking speed on lower limb joint motion during the walking. Method : Thirty two normal healthy subjects (16 men, 16 women) were recruited. Maximal dorsiflexion and excursion were measured at the and lower limbs joints during walking phase at three different cadences (80, 100, and 120 step/min), using a three-dimensional motion analysis system (smart bs-500). Result : The results show that walking speed should be considered when comparing gait parameters. As the walking speed increases, the lower limb joint angle increases(p<0.05). Conclusion : The results also suggest that slow walking speeds may decrease forefoot peak plantar pressure in patients with restricted low extremity range of motion who have a high risk of skin breakdown under the forefoot.

Purpose : This study was carried out to objectively present the unique academic identity of functional adjustment, which is a field of frequency manipulation, by grasping the configuration principle according to inspection method of functional adjustment. Methods : To achieve the purpose of this study, this study investigated the history and developmental directions of manipulative therapy, and through literature review, examined the characteristics of the test method of chiropractic and osteopathic techniques, which are manipulative therapy techniques implemented in a systematic program. Results : From the results of investigating the diagnostic method and treatment characteristics of functional adjustment, the configuration principle of functional adjustment was found to be as follows. First, the diagnostic characteristics of functional adjustment were found to have more reliable diagnosis through overlapping test by finding and interpreting seven interrelated test methods among several manipulative therapy tests. Second, functional adjustment is not a total correction of a body part that has an abnormality. But functional adjustment is that by finding the most problematic part of each part of the body based on theinformation obtained through the duplicate diagnosis method, the major part is confirmed and the part is corrected. Third, the treatment characteristics of functional adjustment were first approached on the functional and structural problems of the human body, not on the subluxation of chiropractic problems of the nervous system and on the problems of the human circulatory system of osteopathy. Conclusion : it was found that the configuration principle of the functional adjustment was duplicated to increase the reliability of diagnosis according to the abnormality of the human body, and had a unique inspection method to find out the complex problems of the disease more accurately by finding the major. The results of this study confirmed that the functional adjustment can be developed into a new field of study based on clinical studies by revising and supplementing the existing manipulative therapy method.

Background : This study reviewed the undergraduate curriculum of the De partment of Korean Pharmacy and the subjects of the National Examination o f Korean Pharmacist. The purpose of this study was to assess the suitability of Korean medicine as a leading role in the promotion of the separation of prescribing and dispensing and the insurance pay of packed Korean medicine. Methods : The contents of curriculum uploaded on the website of Kyunghe e University, Woosuk University, and Wonkwang University and the details o f each subject of the National Examination of Korean Pharmacist were summ arized. The subjects of modern science were analyzed. Results : As a result of analyzing the data of the subject universities open ed, nearly 68% of the subjects related to modern science, including modern theories, were found. In the national examination of Korean Pharmacist, 11 o f the remaining 15 subjects, excluding the legal part of all subjects, consiste d of contents related to modern science. Conclusion : Among the curriculum of the Department of Korean Pharmacy and the subjects of the National Examination of Korean Pharmacist, the prop ortion of subjects related to modern science was found to be high. This wou ld be sufficient data to prove the suitability of Korean Pharmacist in terms o f modern science.

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to investigate the surgical and non - surgical intervention methods for Genu varum and to provide the basic data for knee treatment METHOD : In order to understand Genu varum's intervention method, we reviewed literature based on various domestic and academic journals and experimental papers. Insufficient data is available on the website. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION : We investigated the previous studies according to the purpose of this study and the following conclusions were obtained. 1. Genu varum is caused by the mal-alignment of the right and left sides. The factors that cause it are various, but the main cause is bad posture or wrong habit. 2. Surgical methods for the treatment of the Genu varum include medial open osteotomy and an ilizlov external fixator. These two surgical interventions are easy to perform and have few complications. 3. Non-surgical intervention methods of the Genu varum include application of exercise program including stretching, band exercise, sling exercise, manual exercise, and use of a squat exercise and an external wedge insole. Strengthening of shortened or taut tissue and weakened muscles, and reduction of the adduction moment applied to the knee joint.

The main content of this paper is the development of collision avoidance system using ultrasonic wave during parking, In a modern society where automobiles are commonplace, When many people leave the car after parking, they unconsciously open the car door quickly or strongly and collide with someone else's car It is a system developed to minimize scratches on each other's cars. Despite the fact that many anti-collision items are already on the market, the reason for developing this system is that there are many disadvantages on the market. Items that are currently released can not be seen until the door of the vehicle reaches the other vehicle. But the key element of our system is that we can see the crash before reaching the other vehicle. The ultrasonic sensor attached to the interior of the vehicle door before the collision with another vehicle emits an ultrasonic wave to measure the distance to another vehicle. When the distance is narrowed to a certain distance, a sound sensor sound is generated to inform the driver. This allows the driver to be aware of the risk of collision before impact. Due to the development of this system, collision accidents caused by getting off the parking lot are reduced Personally, I can save the repair cost of a simply useless car, Nationally, the number of traffic accidents is reduced, and the annual vehicle repair costs can be considered.

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study was to investigate the cases of animal physiotherapy conducted overseas and compare the status of domestic and international animal physiotherapy, systems, and insurance to achieve revitalization of Korean animal physiotherapy. METHOD : In order to examine the current state of animal physiotherapy in Korea, we reviewed the literature based on various domestic and journals and experimental papers. Inadequate data also get help from the International Animal Waters Treatment Society website, the Animal Health Insurance Company website. DISCUSSION & CONCLUSION : We investigated the previous studies according to the purpose of this study and the following conclusions were obtained. 1. Overseas, animal physiotherapy is being carried out smoothly, and insurance systems and systems are well established and actively implemented. On the other hand, the concept of animal physiotherapy is not clearly established in Korea, and there is no insurance or system, so it seems to be difficult to activate. 2. Current physio-therapeutic interventions for animals include electrical therapy, exercise therapy, hydrotherapy, and other interventions. Electrotherapy can effectively control pain, exercise therapy improves mobility of the joints with limitations, hydrotherapy reduces edema and supports weight gain, heat therapy improves tissue regeneration and soft tissue regeneration, pain and inflammation control. In addition, acupuncture is used to stimulate the nervous system for the purpose of effecting specific treatment, splint is used for the purpose of supporting weight bearing, and various treatments using natural healing power such as spiritual treatment and periodic treatment are also applied.