Earticle

Oyster mushroom is one of the economically important crops, accounting for 35% of the total mushroom production in Korea. ‘Baekseon’ developed on this study is a new variety of Pleurotus ostreatus with white pileus and stipe. It was bred by mating with monokaryons isolated from white mutant oyster mushroom naturally generated from ‘Gonji-7ho’ and ‘Wonhyeong-1ho’ at Mushroom institute, GARES, Korea in 2018. The optimum temperature for the mycelial growth was 28～31℃ on PDA medium and that for the primordia formation and the growth of fruiting body of ‘Backseon’ was 22℃ and 20℃ on sawdust media. It took 30 days to finish spawn running, 4 days to finish primordia formation, 4 days to finish fruitbody growth in the bottle culture. In the characteristics of fruit body, fruit body showed a bundle shape, pilei were round type and white, stipe color was white. Stipe shape was slender and longer than the control(‘Miso’). The yield per bottle in productivity test was 185 g/1,100 ml which was increased by 45% compared to the control(‘Miso’). The yield in the farm test, A(Pyeongtaek) farm and B (Yeoju) farm showed 184 g / 1,100 ml and 178 g / 850 ml per bottle, respectively. As results of the physical properties of fruit body, springness, cohesive, gumminess and brittleness of stipe tissue were 80%, 57%, 720 g and 57 kg, respectively. The values of them are lower than those of control(‘Miso’). When the wrapped fruitbody with antifogging film was stored at 4 ℃ for 28 days and room temperature for 4 days, the shelf life was enough to be edible.

An entomopathogenic fungus, Cordyceps (Cordyceps militaris) has been known to produce cordycepin which is a purine nucleoside metabolite having antibiotic, anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. C. militaris is nowadays domesticated and cultivated on artificial solid media such as brown rice due to economic aspects. However, preliminary studies revealed that media as insects was more effective on the growth of mycelia and cordycepin production. Therefore, we tried to cultivate Cordyceps on seven edible insects such as Pupae, Tenebrio molitor, Gryllus bimaculatus, Caelifera, Allomyrina dichotoma, Protaetia brevitaris, Bombyx mori. Cordyceps was grown on six different insects but failed to grow on B. mori. Next, we quantified the amount of cordycepin using HPLC method in Cordyceps grown on six insect species. Results revealed that cordycepin content in Cordyceps grown on insects was greatly increased compared to that grown on brown rice. Among six insects, Cordyceps grown on A. dichotoma contained the highest amount of cordycepin (10.1 mg cordycepin /g sample). Furthermore, the nutritional potential of these insect species was accessed. Cordyceps grown on insects contained high ratio of protein compared to that grown on brown rice. In addition, protein contents were increased after being inoculated with C. militaris. Therefore, insects are more effective for the growth of Cordyceps with high bioactive constituents. Cordyceps can be useful source of bioactive constituents and nutritional values.

The parental strains of Lentinula edodes were selected to develop a new cultivar of L. edodes with good quality. A total of forty-three hybrid strains were obtained by mono-mono hybridization using fourteen different strains of L. edodes including new cultivar “Sanbaekhyang”. We investigated cultural characteristics and fruiting body productivity of the hybrid strains. For sawdust cultivation we used the polyethylene bags with square bottom. They were filled with 2 kg sawdust media containing 20% of wheat bran. The average weight loss of sawdust media was 19.5% after 100 days of incubation. After the third fruiting body production, the average weight of mushrooms was 82 g per 2 kg sawdust medium. Eleven strains (39%) showed above-average productivity of the fruiting body. The productivity of fruiting body was the highest in NIFoS 3594 (300 g), followed by NIFoS 3592(226 g), NIFoS 3555(224 g), and NIFoS 3572 (206 g). And there was no relationship between the weight loss of the medium and the production of mushroom.