Earticle

행위자 기초 모형을 이용하여 행위자의 시장에 대한 불균일한 영향력에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 이때 가중치를 금융시장에서 행위자 간의 공유하는 정보의 영향력의 크기로 사용하였으며 가중치의 크기와 분포가 수익의 변동에 기여하는 것을 관찰하였다. 행위자들의 가중치의 크기가 평균적으로 클수록 가격의 변동의 크기도 같이 증가함을 알 수 있었으며 가중치의 크기뿐만 아니라 가중치의 분포에 따라서도 수익의 분포가 변하게 된다. 이는 신흥시장과 성숙한 시장에서 관찰되는 분포의 차이와 관련하여 유사성을 찾아볼 수 있을 것이라는 가능성을 제공한다. 행위자의 정보의 영향력은 항상 일정하지 않고 그 영향력이 행위자의 시장 예측에 대한 적중률에 따라 변하게 된다. 이렇게 변화하는 행위자들의 정보의 영향력의 분포는 결국 소수의 큰 영향력을 갖는 행위자와 다수의 영향을 거의 끼치지 못하는 행위자들로 분포되게 된다. 그 분포는 초기의 행위자들의 영향력 분포가 어떻게 되었든 간에 충분히 시간이 흐르면 모두 멱법칙을 따르는 분포를 갖게 된다.

A series of the long-chain iron(II) alkylsulfonate hydrates were synthesized via self-assembly of surfactant alkyl chains in aqueous medium. Reaction of iron(II) salts with n-alkylsulfonate yields lamellar Fe(CnH2n+1SO3)2·4H2O. These compounds show a layered structure, as determined by XRD, consisting of alternating organic alkylsulfonate layers and inorganic iron(II) hydrate layers, with interlayer distances of upto 3.2 nm. This lamellar structure may be attributed to the amphiphilic nature of the surfactants, mediating the coordination and H-bionding interactions, and the hydrophobic alkyl chains. An alkyl chain packing of present system are differ from those of similar Cu(II) series, which are attributed from the size of hydrated metal(II) ions.

As a new standard for performance measurement, NEMA NU2-2001 was presented recently. In this study, I investigated the spatial resolution, sensitivity, scatter fraction, and noise equivalent count ratio (NECR) in order to know the information of physical characteristics and system performance of GE discovery ST using this new standard. Bismuth germinate crystals (6×6 array, 6.3 mm×6.3 mm×30 mm) were used in discovery ST (energy window:375-650 keV, coincidence window:11.7 nsec). To measure the sensitivity, five aluminum sleeves (Data Spectrum Corp., Chapel Hill, NC., USA, thickness:1.25 mm)-NEMA sensitivity phantom- filled with F-18 solution were used. Successive measurements in 2D and 3D acquisition mode were made with a line source at the center of transaxial field of view and 10 cm off from the center until the count was over 500,000. Spatial resolution was estimated using a point source (F-18, 0.1 mCi) at different locations in the FOV. Scatter fraction and NECR was tested using a NEMA scatter phantom. Dynamic data were acquired for 7 half-lives using F-18 solution. And true to background ratio was averaged at last three frames when the random rate was as small as ignorable for the calculation of scatter fraction. We anticipate this overall evaluated results could be used for the quality assurance and optimized image acquisition for clinical research.

The formation and thermal properties of the BaO2 and TiO2 mixtures were prepared by mechanical alloying method was investigated by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA). The rotating speed of 750 rpm shows more effects on the formation of BaTiO3 single phase. The internal strain calculated using Williamson-Hall method was 4.27×10-3 for the mixture milled for 300 min, the crystallite size was calculated using the Scherrer method decreased with milling time. The BaTiO3 crystal improved crystallinity was formed by thermal annealing at a temperature of 600oC for 1 h for the mixture milled for 300 min.

Interrelationship between heavy rainfalls and related with low-level jets(LLJ) is analyzed by using fifty cases of heavy rainfall events occurred over the Korean peninsula from 1992 to 2001. Those cases are classified with four synoptical features. There are 32% chances that the low pressure exist in heavy rainfall over than 150 mm per day case by case. Secondly Changma front and front zone account for 28% of all cases. The ratio of marine tropical boundary type and trough type record 22% and 18% respectively. The moist and warm south-westerly winds associated with low-level jets have been induced convective instability and baroclinic instability. Therefore, heavy rainfall due to the approach of a low pressure occurred at September and before Changma. During the period of Changma, this type has been happened heavy rainfall when low pressure and stationary front has vibrated south and north. Changma type has longer the duration time of precipitation than other types. Third type, located with marine Tropical boundary, have mainly rained in August and September. The last trough case locally downpoured in short time with developing cell. The occurrence low-level jets related to heavy rainfall has increased over 12.5 m/s wind speed. The result is that 43 heavy rainfalls out of 50 cases reach peak at the time of maximum precipitation intensity. Also, the variation of wet number and K-index corresponded with the variation of wind speed. It is found that the number of frequency of low-level jets with southwestward direction has been increased and these jets are mainly passed from the southwest toward to the northeast of the Korean peninsula in that time.

This study was performed to examine the effect of γ-irradiation on the volatile organic compounds of Cuscutae Semen (Cuscuta chinensis L.). The volatile organic compounds of non-irradiated and 10 kGy γ-irradiated Cuscutae Semen were isolated using SDE apparatus and analyzed by GC/MS. Limonene, ethanol, (E)-2-decenal, hexadecanol, nonanoic acid and nonanal were detected as dominant compounds. Before irradiation, the total concentration of volatile organic compounds of Cuscutae Semen was approximately 189.90 mg/kg. After irradiation at 10 kGy, total concentrations increased to 299.46 mg/kg, but, the profile of volatile compounds including the essential oils of Cuscutae Semen was not differ from non- and irradiated sample. Therefore it was improved the extraction yield of useful compounds such as limonene, menthol, piperitone and isomenthone by irradiation.

The stress is an unavoidable result and a complex phenomenon in modern society. too, Human activity changes under control of the stress. The stress is a reaction to adrenalin or other stress hormones. It provides the power for fighting and the energy for going away from dangers. Because of the stress, our bodies increase the pulse, the blood pressure and the breath for more blood and more oxygen. So, in this research, we are measuring those which was increased by the stress. Also we will examine the change of HRV and APG on music. After that, in order to reduce the stress, we will design matching system that is based on the sense for music by using Zigbee.

This project follows the heterogeneous agent market segmented model of Landon-Lane and Occhino (2007) with using Korean data, M1 and GDP deflator from 1882:I to 2007:II. This paper estimates parameters with Monte Carlo Markov Chain. The fraction of traders, λ, in Korea is 15.64%. The quarterly preferences discount factor’s, β, posterior mean is 0.9922. The posterior mean of the inverse of the elasticity of the labor supply to the real wage, ϕ�, is 0.0316. The elasticity of the labor supply to the real wage has a very large value. By Hansen (1985) and Christiano and Eichenbaum (1992) and Cooley and Hansen (1989), models having large elasticity of the aggregate labor supply better match macroeconomic data.

Face recognition technologies using PCA(principal component analysis) recognize faces by deciding representative features of faces in the model image, extracting feature vectors from faces in a image and measuring the distance between them and face representation. Given frequent recognition problems associated with the use of point-to-point distance approach, this study adopted the K-nearest neighbor technique(class-to-class) in which a group of face models of the same class is used as recognition unit for the images inputted on a continual input image. This paper proposes a new PCA recognition in which database of faces.

This study was conducted to compare of health status, dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes according to family types of the elderly in rural areas. Family types were divided into three types–lderly living alone, elderly living with spouse, and elderly living with spouse and children. Subjects were 119 persons aged over 65 years (34 male, 85 females) living in rural areas and period of survey was from 29 January 2007 to 2 February. General environmental factors, health status, dietary behaviors and nutrient intakes were compared according to family types, the elderly living along showed a significantly lower in monthly income(p<0.01), self perceived health status(p<0.001), Instrumental Activity of Daily Living(IADL) score, and General Self Efficacy Scale(GSES) score compared to the elderly living with spouse and those living with spouse and children. However, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) was higher than those of the elderly living family members (p<0.05). In addition, sum of dietary behavior score was the lowest in the elderly living alone (22.3 in elderly living alone, 24.1 in elderly living with spouse, 23.4 in elderly living with spouse and children, p<0.001) and nutrient intakes of potassium, zinc, vitamin C(p<0.01 respectively), calcium, phosphorus, iron, vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B6 and folic acid(p<0.05 respectively) also reported to be significantly lower in the elderly living alone than in others of two types. From these results, health status, dietary behavior pattern and nutrient intakes of the elderly living alone were found to be inadequate overall, so measures to deal with these health and nutritional status were needed.

We develop two algorithms that nd a minimal polynomial of a finite sequence. One uses Euclid’s algorithm, and the other is in essence a minimal polynomial version of the Berlekamp-Massey algorithm. They are formulated naturally and proved algebraically using polynomial arithmetic. They connects up seamlessly with decoding procedure of alternant codes.

Field classes are necessary to grow the ability of and an attitude toward exploring nature and to shape the basic concept of natural science. I tried to develop a site for field classes and the old road Naori's hill is an ideal place with convenient traffic and established youth camps. As a result the vegetation was divided into five associations and communities. The vegetation units obtained in the present study were as follow: Quercus acutissima community, Pinus densiflora community, Pinus densiflora-Quercus acutissima community, Quercus acutissima-Pinus densiflora community, and Quercus mongolica community. In all survey areas 100 family 336 genus 587 species of palants was found. Furthermore, it provides lots of plants throughout the seasons. Not only the flora but also flowering phenology, variety of floral color and growth habits can be used as teaching items. Incorporation of diverse knowledge of plants at the old road Naori's hill into biology teaching will give students academic stimuli and teachers an opportunity of retraining. With a combination of use of visual instruments, the purpose of conceptual and exploring biology is more easily achieved.