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This study attempts to analyze the kinematic characteristics of the jump shoot motion in handball an compare the differences between Skilled group and Less-Skilled group. Aiming to achieve theses research objectives, it conducted targeting 8 players currently in K university handball team, analyzed the delivery movement by utilizing a method of 3 dimensional DLT(Direct Linear Transformation). In a bid to make the movement analysis easy, it defined the whole movements as 3phase(Phase1~Phase3) that consist of 4 events(Event1~Event4). In terms of major kinematic variables related to the delivery, it established CM(Center of Mass) position, CM velocity, Angle of joint. The conclusion is as follows : 1. As a result of analyzing the CM position by phase, the Skilled group and Less-Skilled group were shown to be similarly result by height difference. But Skilled group were larger than Less-Skilled group in CM velocity at take off time. 2. As a result of analyzing the ball speed, the Skilled group players were faster than Less-Skilled group players 3. As a result of analyzing the angle change of upper body joint, the Skilled group players shown to be larger than Less-Skilled group players for ball speed. 4. As a result of analyzing the angle change of hip joint, both of the Skilled group and Less-Skilled group were shown to be maximum value at take off time and decrease gradually at release time for use waist's rotatory power to more faster ball of speed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the university student’s sports products determinant factor through social network analysis. The research subject is university students who are at located in Seoul. Through this process, 300 samples were collected at 3 universities from May 14th, 2012 to June 29th, 2012. Excel 2007 and Pajek 2.05 program are used for collected data. The following conclusion was come to draw through processing of this study. Both male and female university students, design factor is the most important explanation for sports products purchasing factor, SNS and Internet factors are little importance for explanation. The rest of rankings were similar, in case of male university student, function has more explanation than price. In case of female university student, price has more explanation than function.

This study’s chief aim is to offer basic data and theoretical basis about the relationship between spiritual and physical healths of leisure sports senior participants. This study’s main aim is to offer basic data and theoretical basis about the relationship between spiritual and physical healths of leisure sports senior participants. After collecting the response-completed data to the questionnaire, only valid samples were encoded according to coding guidelines, exclusive of duplicate entries, empty entries and untrustworthy-looking data from analytical objects. After inputting encoded data individually into computer, standard multiple regression analysis was applied according to analytical purpose through the statistics program of SPSS 14.0 version for Windows. On the basis of the research method and findings above, the conclusion drawn is as follows: There was some relationship between spiritual and physical healths of leisure sports senior participants.

This study was conducted to identify effects of racket string tensions on wrist extensor and flexor muscle activation. 14 collegiate tennis athletes who have no experience of surgery on lateral epicondyle of elbow and musculoskeletal and cardiovascular diseases during at least last 6 months and over 10 years of player career were randomly selected and a player who has used left hand was excluded from this study. The mean and standard deviation of data was calculated by SPSS/PC 12.0 and One-way ANOVA was used to verify differences among groups. LSD was carried out when significant difference is appeared among groups. Significant level was p<.05. The results of this study were as follows; 1. There was significant difference on maximal value of muscle activation of extensor carpi ulnaris(55>60>65) and on maximal value of muscle activation of flexor carpi ulnaris in male athletes(55>60>65) by types of racket string tension(p<.05). 2. There was significant difference on maximal value of muscle activation of extensor carpi ulnaris(55>60>65) in female athletes by types of racket string tension(p<.05). In conclusion, this study has proposed that the more a string tension is stiff, the less muscle activation is due to Trampoline effect that the less the tension is, the longer time a ball contact with racket is.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived life sports leaders' role on leisure satisfaction and leisure attitude for aged persons participating in life sports. The subjects of this study consisted of 530 who aged persons participating in life sports. The used instruments were Kang & Kim(2010) for measuring life sports leaders' role scales, Lee(1992) for measuring leisure satisfaction scales, and Kim(2010) for measuring leisure attitude scales. The data was analyzed by correlation analysis, multiple regression analysis as a statical method. The result of this study was as follows. First, among the subscales of aged persons sports leaders' role, encourage participation in sports continuance positively influenced all-subscales of leisure satisfaction. And member management positively influenced psychological satisfaction, academically satisfaction, social satisfaction, physical satisfaction. And classwork preparation/instruction positively influenced atmospherically satisfaction. Second, among the subscales of aged persons sports leaders' role, encourage participation in sports continuance positively influenced cognitive component, affective component, and behavioral component. And member management positively influenced behavioral component.

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of plyometric training on physical fitness and muscle power in male Taekwondo players and provide basic materials for the importance of plyometric training in Taekwondo players based on the findings. Male Taekwondo players in university located in G Metropolitan City who had no physical defects and did not take any drugs served as the subjects. Using cluster random sampling, a total of 20 subjects were divided into the experimental group(n=10) and the control group(n=10). The findings were as follows. First, for changes in weight and body fat, although both the plyometric and Taekwondo group and the Taekwondo group showed slight changes, there was no significant difference. Second, for changes in physical fitness, the plyometric and Taekwondo group showed significant difference in all factors. No significant difference was found in the Taekwondo group. Finally, for changes in isokinetic muscle functions, the plyometric and Taekwondo group showed significant difference in extension of maximum muscle strength(left/right), flexion of maximum muscle strength(left/right), extension of muscle strength per weight(left), and flexion of muscle strength per weight(right).

The purpose of this study was to find out an effect of the service qualities on customer satisfaction and customer preference in facilities of water leisure sports. The number of subjects of this study was 293 people in the area except unfaithful who used facilities of water leisure sports. The data from this study were analyzed using SPSS 18.0. Upon obtaining above results through the data analysis methods, the following conclusive statements were made. First, service qualities effect on customer satisfaction which are arranged alphabetically corporeality, sympathy, credibility, confidence in facilities of water leisure sports. Second, customer satisfaction effect on customer preference which are arranged alphabetically corporeality, sympathy, credibility, confidence in facilities of water leisure sports. Third, customer satisfaction effect on customer preference in facilities of water leisure sports.

The purpose of this paper is to provide academic information on research methods and tasks which researchers in sport biomechanics should carry out so as to improve the quality of research on sport biomechanics. For this purpose, 242 articles published on ISBS from 2002 to 2012 were reviewed with a focus on topics, authors, subjects of research, and research methods in terms of an analysis of research trend. The summarized results are as follows: First, The result of the analysis of research topics is that Applied Research-② is the most frequently showed, followed by Applied Research-③, Basic Research-③, Applied Research-①, Basic Research-②, Applied Research-④, Basic Research-①. Second, The result of the analysis of the number of research participates is that 30.6% three, 26.0% two, 21.9% four, 9.5% five, 7.4% single and 4.5% six or more were indicated. For related to concentration of the authors focusing related field 31.4% physical sciences, 25.2% sport biomechanics, 13.2% physical education, 7.4% sports associations/ institute, 2.9% physics, 2.1% engineering, 1.2% biology, 1.2% neuroscience were indicated. Also, The nationalities of the leading authors, 27.7% USA, 19.0 Australia, 14.0 UK, 7.9% Japan, 5.4% Canada, 5.4% New Zealand were indicated. Third, The result of the analysis of research subjects is that 61.3% males, 29.5% both sexes and 9.2% females were indicated. The most frequently selected sports forms were elite sport. Most chosen games were athletics, gymnastics, soccer, cricket, tennis, baseball, swimming, and rowing, sequentially. Fourth, The result of the analysis of research method is that 54.5% cases Image analysis, 15.3% cases force platform, 11.5% cases measurement, 10.1% cases qualitative research, 3.1% cases EMG.

This study used a questionnaire to reveal the influence of skiers’ ski brand image for selection attribute and purchase intention. For this study, 464 skiers participated in the questionnaire, who are the on-line members of ski columnist web site, the results are following as below. Firstly, skiers’ ski brand image has influence on selection attribute by these factors; reliability, cost and visit frequency. The results are significant level. Secondly, skiers’ ski brand image has influence on purchase intention and the results are significant level. Finally, skiers’ ski selection attribute has influence on their purchase intention showing significant level.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Ski and Snow-board sports on plasma β -endorphin and norepinephrine. The subjects were 30 healthy university students(Ski group；N=10, Snowboard group；N=10 control group；N=10) Ski and snowboard group were trained 4 days and blood collected pre & post each exercise. Plasma β -endorphin and norepinephrine were analyzed pre and post exercise in the ski and snowboard exercise. Statistical evaluation of the data was accomplished using repeated one-way ANOVA and two-way ANOVA. In conclusion, This study results suggested that ski secreted much plasma β-endorphin more than snow-board exercise, and ski displayed higher secretion than snowboard and control group in plasma norepinephrine. We suggested that ski and snoe-board sports influenced on palsma hormone & catecholamine.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between brand personality and brand identification and post-purchase behaviors in skin scuba diving and present a strategy to enhance the property of effective skin scuba diving market for the use of the findings as basic materials for the skin scuba market. Furthermore, this study is intended to provide scientific and empirical materials. To achieve this purpose, the subjects were selected from the population of Skim Scuba members in 2011, and a total of 300 members were sampled by convenient sampling. Of them, unreliable responses due to dual or no entry were excluded and material clarification was made including a search for entry error. Finally, a total of 246 responses(male 183, female 63) were analyzed. The study instrument was a questionnaire survey. Questionnaires which were already tested in reliability and validity by previous researches at home and abroad were modified and complemented for the purpose of the objectives of study. The questionnaire consisted of 31 items: demographic characteristics(7 items), brand personality(quality competition, sincerity, image uniqueness)(9 items), brand identification(symbolic, practical, cultural)(9 items), brand royalty(3 items), and intent to purchase(3 items). Through these methods and procedures, the relationship between brand personality and brand identification and post-purchase behaviors in skin scuba diving was analyzed and the following results were obtained. First, in Hypothesis H01-H09, brand personality(quality competition, sincerity, image uniqueness) had an effect on brand identification(symbolic, practical, cultural). Second, in Hypothesis H10, symbolic identification had no effect on brand royalty. Finally, in Hypothesis H11-H15, brand identification(symbolic, practical, cultural) had an effect on post-purchase behaviors(brand royalty, word of mouth intention).

The purpose of this survey was to investigate how sports centers instructors self-leadership on job satisfaction and customer orientation. Targeting 8 sports centers located in Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do, this study collected sample data from 157 sports centers instructors by direct visit to the centers. For data processing, this study conducted frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis using SPSS Win 19.0 program. Results of study based on the above research method and analysis of data are as follows. First, self-leadership had significant influences on job satisfaction. Slf-leadership had 34.3%(R²＝.343) of influence about internal, self-leadership had 27.4%(R²＝.274) of influence about external. Second, self-leadership had significant influences on customer orientation. Slf-leadership had 39.7%(R² ＝.397) of influence about credibility, and self-leadership had 28.7%(R²＝.287) of influence about customer regard. Third, job satisfaction had significant influences on customer orientation. Job satisfaction had 30.7%(R²＝.307) of influence about credibility, and job satisfaction had 28.9%(R²＝.289) of influence about customer regard.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among cognitive function (the power of memory), self-esteem, and successful aging of physical activity participants in silver generation. 351 elderly participants completed questionnaires to assess cognitive function, self-esteem, and successful aging survey. Relation analysis and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that silvers' cognitive function (the power of memory), self-esteem, and successful aging were positively related. Then, cognitive function (the power of memory) and self-esteem in silver generation influenced successful aging (life satisfaction, intention of education, health & appearance satisfaction, satisfaction of others‘ relationships).

This study aimed to establish the possible relationship between club sports participation and the psychological reaction to their vocational environments. Three hundred sixty club baseball players in Seoul and Kyung-ki areas participated for the study. the results from the t-test, One-Way ANOVA, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis revealed. The results from the multiple regression analyses showed that the SSW(specific satisfaction in work) is related with condition, social relation. external display. Also, the TCO(tendency to change occupation) is connected with social relation, external display, lack of motivation, the SV(self-valuation) is connected with condition, and the social relation and the IWM(internal work motivation) is related to accomplishment, condition and social relation.

This study is purposed to leisure recognition in sports confidence and athletic satisfaction in leisure sports all participants. The research object 2012 current Kyonggi-Do Uijeongbu football council of sport for all and badminton council of sport for all leisure sports all participants enrolled in a population was set. They were set as parental group and samples were selected by using the cluster sampling, and the survey was made on 386 persons. Response completed data were encoded and entered and then processed by the computer using the statistics program SPSS 15.0 Version according to the purpose of analysis. For date analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, multiple regression analysis covariance structure analysis were conducted according to each hypothesis. As a result of these procedure, the following conclusions are drawn. First, Recognition of the Leisure Sports Leisure Sports enthusiasts will affect confidence. Second, Leisure, leisure sports enthusiasts recognize the exercise of influence satisfaction. Three, Leisure sports enthusiasts to the satisfaction of the sports movement affects confidence.

The purpose of the study was to apply ultimate game with flying disc to P.E class as a competitive activity range out of five value ranges in the 7th revised P.E curriculum, understand students’ experience and make a close inquiry into an effect of ultimate game as P.E class. The study collected data of the total 329 students in the 1st grade of M Middle School located in G Megalopolis with P.E class diary, individual interview and teacher’s class diary. The study analyzed the collected data as follows. experience was classified ‘interesting P.E', ‘event achievement of various affective value’, ‘participation aggressive competition activity of female students’, ‘many event to consume of fitness', increase in physical strength and health’, On the basis of the above, considering that middle school students recognized ultimate game as an interesting game with fresh experience. Therefore, it was thought that ultimate would be very highly utilized in P.E class for 7th revised P.E curriculum as an event of area form competition activity.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between participation motives and satisfaction of the youth in Inline roller sports. For extraction of selection attributes, previous studies on Inline roller sports and other similar sports related previous studies were examined. On top of that, total 300 sets of questionnaires with self-administration method used were distributed by visiting inline roller sports clubs in Seoul and Gyeonggi and asking coaches to distribute the questionnaires and 258 sets(86%) were finally used as a final material. For the data processing, expository factor analysis, frequency analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted with Windows SPSS ver. 16.0. The results were as follows. As a result of investigating the influence of participation motives of inline roller sports activities, self development, future motives, and health motives, on satisfaction of facilities, coaches, programs, and price, it was indicated that the participation motives had an influence on satisfaction partially. In the influence of participation motives on the satisfaction of facilities, future motives and health motives were indicated influential. In the influence of participation motives on the satisfaction of coaches, future motives were indicated influential. In the influence of participation motives on the satisfaction of programs, self development and health motives were indicated influential.

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between leadership style and player’s stress and group cohesion in track and field coaches, use the findings as basic materials for efficient coaching, and provide scientific and empirical materials. To achieve this purpose, the subjects were identified from the population of track and field players attending colleges in Korea and a total of 260 samples were selected by cluster random sampling. Of them, unreliable responses due to dual or no entry were excluded and material clarification was made including a search for entry error. Finally, a total of 212 responses(male 170, female 42) were analyzed. Through these methods and procedures, the relationship between leadership style and player’s stress and group cohesion in track and field coaches was analyzed and the following results were obtained. First, for a difference in leadership style in track and field coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in education and coach’s career. For a difference in player’s stress in track and field coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in gender, school year, and coach’s career. For a difference in group cohesion in track and field coaches according to demographic characteristics, there was statistically significantly different in school year and coach’s career. Second, the effects of leadership style on player’s stress in track and field coaches showed a significant difference in fear of failure, concern about schoolwork, business sport teams problem, and burden on games. Third, the effects of leadership style on group cohesion in track and field coaches showed a significant difference in social cohesion and task cohesion. Finally, the effects of player’s stress on group cohesion in track and field coaches showed a significant difference in social cohesion and task cohesion.

The purpose of study was to adapted physical education teacher to provide foundational data to establish to introduce and successfully settle with ecological environment for the physical activity for student with disabilities. To accomplish this goal, this study from applying 3 specialists data analysis and analytic hierarchy process from a group of a adapted physical education teacher. The expert group consisted of totally 30 teachers related with adapted physical education. To introduce and successfully settle ecological environment for the physical activity for student with disabilities factor which were needed were 22 variables of 4 factors. The results were as follow : First, ecological environment for the physical activity for students with disabilities were 4 part as psychosocial factor, physical environmental factor, teaching related factor, and teaching aids factor. Second, the peer tutor of variable according to the priority was the most important psychosocial factor. Third, space selection of variable according to the prority was the most important physical environmental factor. Forth, feedback of variable according to the priority was the most important teaching related factor. Fifth, size of teaching aids variable according to the prority was the most important teaching aids factor.

In conclusion the objective of this study is focused on investigating the participating in dancing of middle age women have effect on positive psychology and life satisfaction.. The following research was conducted in the attendees in culture center that are located the Seoul and Gyung-gi region. 250 attendees of those center were surveyed for this project and collected 206 samples of total except 34 sample. the questionnaires validity were verified by factor analysis, specialist council and advanced research. the reliability of Positive questionnaires indicated is 0.894 and Life satisfation questionnaires indicated 0.784. The data regarding this results were inserted into SPSS 19.0 statical analysis program to extract by using T-verification, factor analysis, reliability, one-way ANOVA and so on. The calculations yielded three major results. first. age, healthy status, monthly income have the positive effect on life satisfaction. and The Positive phychology for participating in dancing have significant effect on life satisfaction second, according to paricipating in dancing, over 2years, a year, 6months, 3months and so on, life satisfaction of middle age women were indicated highly, the result have significant effect to education period, education frequency. third, Participating in dancing of middle age women have significant effect to positive psychology and life satisfaction. In conclusion, Participating in dancing of middle age women have significant effect to positive psychology and life satisfaction, the excellent effect of vitality, ability, achievement, expression can be proved, bring effervescent to life by dancing activity. therefore it’s possible to conclude that all tested thing is positive and positive psychology have effect on dancing activity and increasing life satisfaction is needed when organizing the program from now on.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between peer relationship and physical education attitude according to participation sport club of middle school students. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire in which peer relationship scale as identified by You(2011) and physical education attitude as identified by Park & Lee(2011). 400 subjected were selected from several middle schools in Seoul by the stratified cluster sampling method. Among these selected subject, 352 responded, and data analyses consisted of descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, t-test and standard multiple regression analysis using SPSS 19.0 and Amos 18.0 version. The following results were obtained: First, peer relationship and physical education attitude differ statistically and significantly according to socio-demographic variables of middle school students. Second, peer relationship and physical education attitude differ statistically and significantly according to participation or non-participation of sport club of middle school students. Third, peer relationship scale statistically and significantly influences physical education attitude of middle school students

The purpose of this study was to understand what influence Self-Regulation has on Emotion and School Life Satisfaction of adolescents participation in after-school sport activities. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire in which Self-Regulation Scale as identified by Miller(2000), translated by Heo(2004), Emotion Scale as amended and supplemented by Yoo & Kim(2002), School Life Satisfaction Scale as identified by Lim(1993), translated by An(2006). 270 subjects were selected from the adolescents participation in after-school sport activities in the gyungki by the stratified cluster sampling method. Among these selected subjects, 252 responded, and data analyses consisted of employing frequency analysis, factor analysis, one-way ANOVA, Multiple correlation, Multiple Regression Analysis using SPSS/PC＋ version 14.0. The following results were obtained: 1. It was found that self-regulation of adolescents participation in sports activities has an influence on emotion. 2. It was found that self-regulation of adolescents participation in sports activities has an influence on school life satisfaction. 3. It was found that emotion of adolescents participation in sports activities has an influence on school life satisfaction.

Studies of gifted students that are applied Multiplex Intelligences Theory is executed to the math and science gifted students who is receiving special education, and there are studies that proved sports gifted students have higher bodily-kinesthetic intelligences compared to regular elementary school students. But studies about multiple intelligences of sports gifted students is weak. In this study, I analyzed the difference of other Intelligences except bodily-kinesthetic intelligences between sports gifted students and regular elementary school students, and I tried to find out if there are any differences in Multiplex Intelligence of sports gifted students by the kind of their sports (athletics, swimming, gymnastics).

The purpose of this survey was to investigate how taekwondo centers employees empowerment on organization commitment and citizenship behaviors. Targeting 50 taekwondo centers located in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon, this study collected sample data from 223 taekwondo centers employees by direct visit to the taekwondo centers. For data processing, this study conducted frequency analysis, factor analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis using SPSS Win 19.0 program. Results of study based on the above research method and analysis of data are as follows. First, empowerment had significant influences on organization commitment. empowerment had 25.4%(R²＝.254) of influence about affective commitment, and empowerment had 30.6%(R²＝.306) of influence about normative commitment. Second, empowerment had significant influences on citizenship behaviors. empowerment had 36.0%(R²＝.360) of influence about altruism, empowerment had 37.8%(R²＝.378) of influence about courtesy, empowerment had 25.7%(R²＝.257) of influence about sportsmanship, empowerment had 25.7%(R²＝.257) of influence about conscientionsness, and empowerment had 29.9%(R²＝.299) of influence about civic virtue. Third, organization commitment had significant influences on citizenship behaviors. organization commitment had 20.1%(R²＝.201) of influence about altruism, organization commitment had 26.7%(R²＝.367) of influence about courtesy, organization commitment had 21.1%(R²＝.211) of influence about sportsmanship, organization commitment had 22.5%(R² ＝.225) of influence about conscientionsness, and organization commitment had 23.9%(R²＝.239) of influence about civic virtue.

The purpose of this study was to examine the awareness of elementary school students taking male-female mixed physical education classes about the content, method, evaluation and operation of the classes by gender and grade in an effort to find out problems with the classes and workable reform measures. It’s ultimately meant to boost the participation of elementary school students in P.E. instruction. The subjects in this study were 280 third- to sixth-grade students in an elementary school selected by random sampling from among 224 elementary schools in the region of Incheon. The questionnaires used in Ryu Sang-rak(2006)’s study, Ham Deok-cheol(2007)’s study and Lee Yoon-song(2007)’s study were rearranged by this researcher to serve the purpose of the study, and then a survey was conducted. The collected data were analyzed with a SPSS 13.0 program. Independent-samples t-test was carried out to see if gender made any differences to their view of male-female mixed P.E. class, and one-way ANOVA was employed to check the impact of grade on their awareness. When there were any differences, LSD post-hoc analysis was utilized. As a result of analyzing the school children’s awareness of male-female mixed P.E. class, the following findings were given: First, as for connections between gender and awareness of the content of male-female mixed P.E. class, the girls took a more favorable view of it than the boys. Second, concerning links between gender and awareness of the method of male-female mixed P.E. class, there were no differences in that aspect according to gender. Third, in regard to relationship between gender and awareness of the evaluation of male-female mixed P.E. class, the boys looked at it in a more favorable manner than the girls. Fourth, as to links between gender and awareness of the operation of male-female mixed P.E. class, the girls viewed it more favorably than the boys. Fifth, regarding connections between gender and awareness of the problems with male-female mixed P.E. class, the girls felt there were more problems with it than the boys. Sixth, concerning relationship between grade and awareness of the evaluation of male-female mixed P.E. class, the third graders looked at it in a relatively more positive manner than the fourth and fifth graders, and the sixth graders took a relatively more favorable view of it than the fourth graders. In terms of awareness of the operation of the class, the third graders viewed it more favorably than the fourth and fifth graders.

본 연구는 외국인 유학생들의 문화적응과정에 발생하는 문화적응 스트레스와 여가활동 참여의 관계를 살펴보기 위 해 국내 대학 및 대학원에 재학 중인 유학생을 모집단으로 총 140개의 샘플을 수집하였다. 자료처리는 사회과학 통계 패키지인 Windows SPSS 15.0 영문버전을 이용하였다. 첫째, 유학생의 여가활동 참여여부에 따른 문화적응을 살펴본 결과 문화적응 유형 중 동화와 주변화를 제외하고 통 합과 분리에서만 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 유학생의 여가활동 참여여부에 따라 문화적응 스트레스 차이를 살펴본 결과 여가에 참여하고 있는 집단이 참 여하고 있지 않은 집단보다 문화적응 스트레스가 훨씬 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유학생의 문화적응 스트레스가 여가 참여태도에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, 문화적응 스트레스는 여가 참여 태도 중 건강지향, 사교지향, 자기개발, 단체지향을 제외하고 유일하게 취미지향에 부적(-) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구는 중학교 남녀 혼성학급 학생들을 대상으로 혼성 체육수업 참여 중학생의 체육수업 만족도와 스트레스를 분석하고, 혼성 체육수업 만족도와 스트레스의 관계를 규명하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 연구목적을 달성하기 위해 경 기도 시내 남녀공학 중학교에 다니는 1, 2, 3학년 재학생 400명을 대상으로 선행연구를 기초로 수정․보완하여 작성한 설문지를 사용하여 조사, 분석하였다. 수집된 자료 결과는 연구 목적에 따라 빈도분석(frequency analysis), 독립 t-test (independent t-test), 일원변량분석(one-way ANOVA), 상관관계분석(correlation analysis), 다중회귀분석 (multiple regression analysis)을 사용하여 분석하였고 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 인구통계학적 특성 변인에 따른 체육수업 만족도와 스트레스는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 둘째, 혼성 체육수업 만족도 하위 변인이 스트레스 하위 변인에 미치는 영향은 통계적으로 부적 영향을 미쳤고, 수 업내용 만족도는 교우관계, 자신감부족, 수업환경, 체육교사 스트레스 하위 변인에, 수업효과 만족도는 교우관계, 수 업 환경, 체육교사 스트레스 하위 변인에, 수업환경 만족도는 수업내용, 수업환경 스트레스 하위 변인에 통계적으로 유 의 한 영향을 미쳤다. 또한 체육교사 만족도는 수업내용, 체육교사 스트레스 하위 변인에, 수업평가 만족도는 시험 스트 레 스 하위 변인에, 그리고 체육수업 전반적인 만족도는 교우관계, 수업환경, 체육교사 스트레스 하위 변인에 통계적으 로 유의한 영향을 미쳤다. 이와 같은 연구결과는 체육교사가 혼성 체육수업에 대한 올바른 인식과 가치관을 확립하여 학생들을 지도한다면 학생들이 인지하는 체육수업에 대한 만족도를 높이고 스트레스를 줄일 수 있음을 시사한다. 이를 위해서는 교사들은 혼성 체육수업 모형에 대한 지속적인 연구를 실시해야 하며 교육기관은 혼성체육을 위한 시설 확충을 해야 할 것이다 . 또한 교사들을 위한 수업 프로그램 개발을 위한 재교육의 기회가 제공되어야 할 것이며, 교사는 다양한 혼성 체육수 업 프로그램과 교수 스타일을 개발하고 남녀 학생에게는 공정하고 평등한 학습기회를 제공함으로써 혼성 체육수업에 대 한 긍정적인 생각과 흥미를 가지고 적극적으로 체육수업에 참여할 수 있도록 유도해야 할 것이다.

This study aimed to clarify any differences in the blood levels of fatigue inducing substances in rock fishing players between before and after a game. To do so, subjects were assigned to either normal group or obese group on the basis of BMI 25, and statistical analyses with paired t-test were performed to determine inter-group differences. The results of this study are summarized as follows: First, for changes in the blood levels of ammonia, the levels increased after a game than before a game, with significant difference seen in obese group (p<.05). Second, the blood levels of free fatty acids (FFAs) decreased after a game than before a game, with statistically signific ant difference in obese group (p<.01). Third, the blood levels of inorganic phosphate increased after a game compared to those before a game, with no statistically significant difference in both the groups. Fourth, the blood levels of potassium (K＋) increased slightly after a game compared to those before a game. No statistically significant difference was found in both the groups. Fifth, the blood levels of sodium (NA) increased slightly after a game compared to those before a game. No statistically significant difference was found in both the groups. Finally, the blood levels of lactic acid increased in both the groups, and statistically significant difference was seen in normal group (p<.01). Based upon the results above, although changes in blood fatigue factors before versus after a rock fishing game were examined in this study, it is expected that a further study of changes in blood and muscle fatigue factors over time will be able to estimate the progress of fatigue during rock fishing activities.

The study examined the influence of body composition, blood profile and arterial stiffness response to various subsequence of aerobic and resistance training. Twelve college aged females participated in aerobic training after resistance training(RA: resistance-aerobic training) and resistance training after aerobic training(AR: aerobic-resistance training) which were organized with aerobic exercise(treadmill running at 70 ∼80% of HRR for 40min) and resistance exercise(core, lowe body, upper body at 40∼60% of 1RM). Body composition had no significant interaction effects by 4 weeks taining sequence, RA and AR exercise. However, %body fat decreased in both RA and AR group(7.4%, 7.8%, respectively). Blood profile also had no significant interaction effects between two groups in TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and TC. TG and LDL-C decreased in RA group more than AR group(17.4%, 4.5%, respectively). Finally, there were no interaction effects in arterial stiffness between two groups. These results indicated that RA and AR training types during 4 weeks were insufficient to change composition, blood profile and arterial stiffness. In future, it is needed long-term studies on effects of two training sequence.