Earticle

This study explores the differential role of creativity in Iranian EFL learners’ performance on argumentative and narrative written tasks. The study involved the measurement of learners’ (N=70) creativity using the Abbreviated Torrance Test for Adults (ATTA) in terms of features of fluency, elaboration, flexibility and originality as well as the elicitation of the complexity, accuracy, and fluency of their performance on written narrative and argumentative tasks. Whereas the argumentative task required that learners wrote an argumentative essay giving their opinions concerning the effect of technology on human’s life, the narrative task involved learners in narrating a story based on a picture as a visual cue. With regards to the argumentative task, the results shows negative relationships between two measures of argumentative task fluency and students’ creative originality score. However, the syntactic complexity of argumentations was affected by creative elaboration. Concerning the narrative task, significant positive correlations were observed between creative fluency and the three fluency measures of narrations. Besides, all three fluency measures correlated positively with the total creativity score. Yet the number of words was found to be negatively correlated with the creative originality. The findings are discussed in the context of language teaching and learning.

이 연구는 PR캠페인의 창의성을 어떻게 측정할 것인지 그 지수를 개발하는데 그 목적을 두고 수행되었다. 일련의 체계 적인 절차를 거쳐 도출된 PR캠페인의 창의성은 독창성, 의미 있음, 예술적 가치, 연속성, 관련성, 사회적 이슈 생성, 통 합성의 요인으로 구성되었다. 2차 확정요인분석 결과에 따르면 상위 단일 요인인 창의성 하에 7개의 측정 문항들이 특 히 높은 요인 적재치를 보여주었다. 따라서, 향후 연구들은 다음과 같은 7개의 문항들을 중심으로 창의성을 유용하게 측정할 수 있으리라 기대한다. 1) 기존의 캠페인에 비해 독창적이었다. 2) 캠페인의 구체적인 실행안은 PR주가 커뮤 니케이션하고자 하는 메시지를 분명하게 전달하고 있다. 3) 캠페인은 예술적이라고 평가할 만하다. 4) 이 캠페인은 2 차 캠페인들을 위한 아이디어를 제공한다. 5) 캠페인은 목표공중에게 유용하다. 6) 캠페인은 사회적인 변화를 낳았다. 7) 캠페인은 통상적이지 않은 연결성을 보여주었다.

This study aimed to develop the scale of creativity in public relations campaigns. Seven elements of creativity in public relations campaigns were identified: novelty, meaningfulness, artistic value, continuity, connectedness, social issues, and synthesis. From the second-order confirmatory factor analysis results, the one-dimensional seven measurement items were listed as follows: The campaign is more novel than existing campaigns; the detailed action plan clearly relays the message that the client wants to communicate; the campaign is valued as artistic; the campaign provides ideas for a second campaign; the campaign was useful to the target public; the campaign brought about social change; and the campaign displayed unusual connectedness.

This study attempts to explore the roles and nature of creativity in interpretation process with pedagogical implications. One of the most crucial aspects of the creativity is problem solving capability and this paper looked into how creative problem solving capability is defined and implemented in the context of simultaneous interpretation. The study particularly reviews the unique roles intuition plays in the development of creativity. The paper found that insights are very important in enhancing and maintaining creativity and intuition can stimulate and reinforce the insights. Also suggested was the fact that the development stages of intuition are commensurate with the development sequences of creativity in problem solving. Recommendations for further studies are included.

This study reviews the nature and impact of bilingualism on interpreters with special interest on creativity of interpreters. Interpreters are highly trained bilinguals specialized in helping and smoothing inter-lingual and inter-cultural communication between two different communication groups. As revealed in several studies, the working memory capacity of interpreters develops in a positive direction in order to satisfy the cognitive processing burden during on-time interpretation endeavors. Some studies noted an increase in size of specific brian areas responsible for working memory during intensive interpretation training. It was also found that working memory renders constructive contribution to the enhancement of creativity capacity. Various studies on the cognitive development and creativity with emphasis on bilingualism have been examined and analyzed in an effort to explore possible directions for further studies on the relationship between interpreter’s working memory and creativity development.

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among emotional intelligence, creativity, and academic achievement among adult learners in order to provide practical implications regarding how emotional intelligence can be utilized to enhance academic achievement in an era characterized by a declining school-age population and the growing importance of lifelong education. The study targeted adult learners enrolled in a four-year university located in Jeonbuk Province and adult education institutions located in Gyeonggi Province. Data were collected through a questionnaire survey, and the collected data were analyzed using SPSS 28.0. The results of the study are as follows. First, among the four dimensions of emotional intelligence, self-emotion appraisal and use of emotion had significant positive effects on creativity, whereas others’ emotion appraisal and regulation of emotion did not have significant effects on creativity. Second, creativity was found to have a significant positive effect on academic achievement. Third, self-emotion appraisal and use of emotion were found to have significant direct effects on academic achievement. These findings provide important implications for universities and lifelong education institutions, which have traditionally focused primarily on student recruitment while paying relatively little attention to the development of learners’ emotional intelligence and creativity after enrollment. Given the continuing decline in the number of prospective students and the increasing importance of lifelong education, the findings suggest that universities and adult education practitioners should devote greater efforts to fostering and managing the emotional intelligence of adult learners as a means of enhancing their academic achievement and strengthening institutional competitiveness.

본 연구는 창의성 계발 과학교육 사이버 연수 운영의 행·재정 지원 체제에 대한 요구분석의 결과에 근거하여 사이버 연수의 효율적 운영을 위한 행·재정 지원 정책 방향을 모색하는 데 목적을 둔다. 먼저, 지식기반사회가 요구하는 사이버 연수, 창의성 교육, 창의성 계발 과학교육의 당위성을 제시하기 위한 문헌조사 연구방법을 적용하였다. 둘째, 이스라엘 연수에 참가한 과학교사, 과학교육 사이버 연수 이수자, 일반 과학교사 및 과학/과학교육과 교수를 대상으로 창의성 계발 과학교육 사이버 연수에 대한 요구를 분석하기 위한 설문조사는 오웬의 체제모형의 투입, 과정, 산출/피드백 과정으로 구성된 분석 틀을 적용하여, 과정별 요인과 관련된 문항으로 구성된 설문지를 개발하여 적용하였다. 결론적으로 창의성 계발 과학교육 사이버 연수의 행·재정 지원체제를 효율적으로 구축하기 위해서는 다음과 같은 정책 방향이 모색되었다. 첫째, 투입 측면에서는 학교교육에서의 창의성 교육의 강조하는 정책과 함께 교사를 위한 연수가 제공되어야 할 것이다. 교사들에게 연수경비의 일부를 제공해야 할 것이며, 정부차원에서 프로그램을 개발하는 정책이 바람직하다. 둘째, 과정측면에서는 사이버 연수는 온라인 대 오프라인의 비율을 7:3으로 연간 방학중 2회의 빈도로 시·도교육청과 대학교부설 교원연수원이 공동으로 운영하는 것이 바람직하다. 특히, 연수의 내용의 질을 높여야 하며, 교육과정은 창의성 계발 과학교육 내용을 중심으로 과학수업 사례의 비중을 높여야 할 것이다. 셋째, 산출/피드백 측면에서는 과정에서와 마찬가지로 사이버 연수의 질 향상이 가장 중요하며, 교사들은 현장에 적용할 수 있는 교수방법적 지식과 기능을 강조해야 할 것이다.

The research intends to make policy suggestions for the improvement of administrative and financial system for cyber inservice training program of creativity-centered science education. Literature review was employed for seeking rationale of cyber inservice teachers training progams, creativity in school education, creativity-centered science education and demands of 142 science teachers and 43 professors of science and science education department were investigated through questionnaire. Policy suggestions for cyber inservice teachers training programs of creativity-centered science education were as follows: First, in terms of input aspect, school education should emphasize creativity and inservice training programs for teachers are necessarily provided. In addition, program fees are partially provided by government and financial support for developing cyber inservice programs should be provided at government level. Second, in terms of process aspect, cyber program should be organized at rate of 7 to 3 for on-line to off-line and contents should emphasize the creativity-related to science education as well as classroom example of exemplary cases. Moreover, provincial department of education and university affiliated inservice training center should cooperately administrate the program. Third, in terms of output aspect, quality of cyber inservice program is most important, in particular, pedagogical knowledge and skills should be stressed.

외국인 학습자를 위한 한국 근대소설에 나타난 신명 이해 교육 연구. 한국언어문화학회 14-3. 본 논문은 한국어 고급학습자를 대상으로 소설 읽 기와 쓰기를 통해 신명문화 이해 교육에 접근하고 있다. 한국에는 한국 고유의 정신적·정서적 문화로서 풍류정신문화가 있다. 풍류정신문화는 한국 민족이 기원했던 시대의 제천의식부터 현대에 이르기까지 오랜 역사를 거쳐 한민족과 함께한 정신문화다. 특히 풍류문화의 주요 속성인 신명은 한국인의 특유한 정서 형태로서 다른 민족과 차이화되면서 독특한 창조적 성격을 형성해왔다. 흥미로운 것은 이러한 신명의 창조적 성격이 화이트헤드의 창조성 개념과 그 특성을 공유하고 있다는 것이다. 전 우주를 구성하는 현실적 존재자가 다수성으로 존재하며 일자를 만드 는 과정에서 생성해내는 창조적 성질을 우리는 신명문화에서 엿볼 수 있다. 본 연구는 또한 외국인 학습자들로 하여금 한국 단편소설을 읽고 감 상문을 쓰게 함으로써 신명의 요소를 찾고 토론하도록 하였다. 그들은 소설을 읽고 감상문을 쓰는 과정에서 오류를 겪기도 하으나 전반적으로 신명에 대한 올바른 이해에 이르는 과정을 보여주었다. 이를 통해 신명에 대한 이해를 새롭게 하는 동시에 비교문학적·문화적 이해를 바탕으로 학습자 본국의 문화에 대한 이해도 심화시킴으로써 문화 상호 간 이해와 조화의 가능성을 보여주었다. (경북대학교)

Journal of the International Network for Korean Language and Culture 14-3, 000-000. This paper focuses on Understanding of Shinmyoung in Modern Korean Novels for Foreign Learners. There is the Pungryu Spiritual Culture which encapsulates the collective spiritual and emotional energy of the Korean people in Korea. It is said to have its origins in ancient harvest ceremonies, and to have preserved Korean art forms related to traditional dances, Gut, Sinawi and Sanjo, Pansori, etc.. Especially Shinmyoung, the major property of Pungryu Spiritual Culture, is a Koreans’ specular emotion which has formed its creative characteristic which is different from that of other countires. It is interesting that this Shinmyoung shares the creative characteristic with Whitehead’s philosophy of organism . The common ground between Shinmyoung and Whitehead’s Philosophy of Organism is that they both emphasize novelty and creativity in the ongoing process of change and creation. It holds the perspective that creation and process itself should be regarded as ‘real’, in contrast with the views of Substance Philosophies that regard an unchanging, permanent thing as real. In particular the Korean Shinmyoung is a kind of unconscious energy which arises at the moment of transcending a fixed routine or formality, thereby expressing inherent mental and emotional feelings, and producing creative vitality. This study also formed the foundation of a thinking and discussion course for foreign students to develop an understanding of Shinmyoung, while reading modern Korean novels such as 『독 짓는 늙은이』, 『금당벽화』, 『무녀도』, 『선학동 나그네』, which concretely describe and actualize the characteristics of Shinmyoung. Through reading, dialogue, and discussion students were able to gain a deeper understanding of Korean language and culture, improve their thought and cognition, and develop a logical and critical understanding of Shinmyoung. In fact, some foreign students answered that they were able to understand more about Korean Shinmyoung. Through the extension of their thought and cognition of culture, obtained by comparing Korean Shinmyoung with that of their own nations, they were also able to acknowledge the singularity and universality of each nation’s culture and gain a deeper intercultural perspective. (Kyungpook National University)

This study aims to examine how undergraduate students apply the concept of transcreation to advertising translation and to explore how this relatively new concept can contribute to translator education. For this purpose, textual and extra-textual analysis on transcreated texts are carried out. First, 355 target texts are analyzed at a textual level to find out which translation procedures are used when translating source texts which contain different translation problems. It turns out that translation problems such as ambiguity of meaning, non-verbal signs, directionality and rhetorical expressions influence the choice of translation procedures for transcreation. It is, however, noteworthy that ‘communicative translation’ which involves a significant departure from the source text is used the most frequently. This implies that transcreation is used as an effective strategy in the process of problem solving. Second, extra-textual analysis is carried out in terms of improvement in translation quality and students' level of creativity. The result shows that the concept of transcreation can be an emotional and behavioral driver to motivate students to boldly solve translation problems. It also implies that creativity needed for transcreation is not innate, but the ability which can be learned through translator education.

사회환경의 변화와 함께 창의성은 사회복지사에게 요구되는 대표적 역량임에도 지금까지 국내에서 사회 복지사의 창의성을 직접적으로 다룬 연구는 거의 수행되지 못하였다. 이러한 문제의식을 토대로 본 연구에 서는 사회복지사의 창의성 수준과 직무성과의 관련성을 검토하였다. 이를 위해 2024년 4월 18일부터 5월 10일까지 서울과 경기지역 사회복지 이용시설 사회복지사 209명을 대상으로 인터넷 설문조사를 실시하였으며, SPSS 27.0을 활용하여 수집된 자료의 특성을 파악하고 상관관계 분석 및 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 창의성의 하위요인 중 ‘협력적 의사소통’, ‘통합적인지’, ‘업무 효율적 행동’이 전체 직무성과 에 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 다음으로 직무성과의 4개 하위요인을 종속변수로 하여 창의성의 영향력을 살펴본 결과 ‘변화지향적 동기’를 제외한 모든 변수들이 직무성과의 하위요인에 따라 서로 다른 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인하였다. 이러한 분석 결과를 토대로 연구자들은 사회복지사에 대한 창의성 교육 및 창의적 실천역량 향상이 필수적임을 제언하였다.

Creativity is a representative competency required of social workers due to changes in the social environment. However, so far, few studies have directly dealt with creativity of social workers in Korea. Therefore, this study reviewed the relationship between the level of creativity and job performance of social workers. To this end, an Internet survey was conducted on 209 social workers at social welfare facilities in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province from April 18, 2024 to May 10, 2024. SPSS version 27.0 was used to identify characteristics of collected data. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were conducted. As a result of the analysis, it was found that among sub-factors of creativity, ‘cooperative communication’, ‘integrated cognition’, and ‘behavior of work efficiency’ had statistically significant effects on overall job performance. As a result of examining the influence of creativity using four sub-factors of job performance as dependent variables, it was confirmed that all variables except ‘change-oriented motivation’ had different effects depending on sub-factors of job performance. Based on results of this study, researchers suggest that creativity education and creative practice capabilities for social workers are essential.

This study aims to explore creativity assessment in the context of English dramas. The current study has three research questions. How many points do students give to the area of creativity in their rubrics? How do they construct their definitions of creativity? Does creativity assessment yield acceptable inter-rater reliability? For the study, fifty university students wrote English drama, designed scoring rubrics for assessing the dramas, and conducted a self-assessment using their rubrics. The researchers analyzed the learner-generated rubrics and learners’ verbal reports about the construct of creativity and, further, compared students’ self-assessment scores to those of experts’. The finding indicates that 60% of the students included creativity in their rubrics, and that they considered language use and creativity as the most important and the second most important category. Students viewed creativity as defined by novelty, appropriateness, and interest and explained creativity mainly in conjunction with content. Finally, although the interrater difference between student raters and experts was comparatively notable in the area of creativity, the value of interrater reliability was in the acceptable range. The implication of this study is that learners’ participation in rubric development is a meaningful pathway to enlighten creativity in assessment practices.

This paper examines literary translingualism in Chinese American writer Ha Jin’s A Free Life. Literary translingualism is the critical concept Steven G. Kellman uses and promotes to analyze the characteristics of the phenomenon of creative writers who choose to write in their adopted languages rather than their native or first languages. Multiple reasons, including political and economic necessity, ambition as writers, alienation as an aesthetic condition, cause creative writers to undertake literary translingualism. The combination of the above-mentioned reasons prompts Jin to pursue literary translingualism. In A Free Life, Jin deals with the topic of literary translingualism in close relation to his own personal struggle with the same issue through the main character Nan Wu’s life of literary pursuit in the United States. This paper specifically focuses on the relationship between the pursuit of literary translingualism and its influence on the process of one’s creativity. This issue is also closely related to the question of aesthetics. My analysis of aesthetics in A Free Life, particularly the growth of Wu’s aesthetic consciousness, also helps to explore some characteristics of Ha Jin’s ideas about his pursuit of literary translingualism. Examining literary translingualism in relation to the choice of language for literary pursuit, aesthetics, and creativity will assist us to explore not only the characteristics of literary translingualism in A Free Life but their significance in the life of Ha Jin’s literary pursuit, that is, how his pursuit of literary translingualism influences the formation of his identity as a translingual writer who works in between multiple languages.

여러 연구에 따르면 발명 교육은 학생들의 창의력과 문제 해결력 향상과 밀접한 관계가 있다. 이러한 능력은 미래 사회에 필수적인 능력이므로, 이러한 능력을 개발 하기 위한 효과적인 발명 교육이 필요하다. 이에 본 연구 에서는 내러티브 탐구를 통해 초등학교 교과서에 등장하 는 3명의 한국 발명가의 창의성 요소, 가정환경, 부모 양 육 방식을 특정하고, 3명의 공통점을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 3명의 발명가들은 모두 지적 호기심, 독창성, 생산 적 사고능력, 정교성을 가지고 있었다. 그리고 이들은 대 부분 경제적으로 풍요로운 가정에서 태어났고, 자신을 지지해주는 사람이 있었다. 또한 이들은 부모들은 자녀 와 안정적인 애착 관계를 가졌고, 자녀의 교육에 적극적 으로 참여하며 자녀의 창의성을 가장 먼저 발견하였다.

According to many researches, invention education relates to improvement of students’ creativity and problem solving skills, which are essential in future. So effective invention education is necessary. This study is to analyze creativity factor, family background and parenting style of three korean inventors in elementary textbooks through narrative inquiry and find similarities. As a result of study, all three inventors had intellectual curiosity, originality, productive thinking and sophistication. And they were born in wealthy families and had a member who support them. Also, their parents had secure attachments to them, actively participated in their education and were the first person who found their creativity.

현대예술에서 ‘창의성(Creativity)’은 작품의 가치를 평가하는 가장 중요한 요소이다. 따라서 동양예술에서 창의성을 적극적으로 연구함은 동양예술에 현대적 가치를 부여해 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각된다. 그러나 창의성은 서구의 근대화 과정에서 성립된 개념이므로, 서양예술에 나타난 창의성의 변화와 영향을 확인하여 그것을 동양예술에 유비시켜야 할 것이다. 이러한 연구는 동양예술에서 ‘새로움’이라는 가치에 처음 주목한 주경현의 일품(逸品) 개념에서부터 시작하여, 그 개념의 발전 양상이 서양과 어떠한 차이를 보이는 가에 집중하였다. 그 결과 서양예술의 창의성은 기존 질서에 대한 파괴와 반항을 나타내는 반면 동양예술에서는 전통의 발전과 초월을 의미한다는 사실을 확인할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 창의성에 대한 서구적 관념에서 벗어나 폭넓은 예술관을 형성할 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

In the modern art of creativity is the most important factor in assessing the value of work. Thus, actively studying the creativity in the Eastern Art thought that it could grant the contemporary value of the Eastern Art. However, because creativity is an established concept in the process of modernization in the West, to confirm the change and the influence of creativity in Western art and analogy it in the Eastern Art. These studies focused on starting from Jugyeonghyeon's Il-Poom (逸品) concept in Eastern art which the first one attention in the value of 'newness', the development aspect of the concept show any difference from the West. As a result, I was able to confirm that the creativity means tradition of development and transcendence in the Eastern art, while the creativity of Western art represents the destruction and resistance against the existing order. Through this, to escape from the Western notion of creativity and to form a broad view of art.

A talented person in a knowledge based society is the person who has ability to create intellectual property value. This intellectual property comes from invention. According to several researches, invention and creativity have a strong correlation. And a manifestation of creativity is related to family background and parenting styles of a student. This narrative research is to understand creativity factor, family background and parenting styles of five foreign inventors in elementary textbooks. As a result of study, all of the inventors had intellectual curiosity, originality and sophistication. And despite economically difficult environment, they grew up in houses where gives an educational opportunity and their relationships with family members were good. Also at least one of their parents supported their decision and they participated in the education for their children.

음양이론은 이론이 체계이기도 하면서 동시에 상상력의 체계이기도 하다. 따라서 이것은 과학적으로는 비판의 소지를 안고 있지만, 창조의 원리로서는 대단히 탁월한 역량을 함축하고 있다. 음양적 상상력은 대립과 생성으로서의 세계 존재를 해명하는 원리로서 정착되었다. 󰡔주역󰡕에서는 여기에 시간 개념을 개입시켜 변화와 역동성으로서의 동세적 상상력을 제시하였다. 음양은 이질성의 상호작용으로, 균형과 조화를 지향한다. 조화는 주기를 형성하고, 주기의 반복은 리듬을 형성한다. 음양적 상상력은 동아시아 문화의 거의 모든 분야에 적용되었다. 개인과 사회의 도덕적, 윤리적 지표가 되어 개인의 내면적 가치 형성에 관여하였다. 유교적 가치의 핵심이라고 할 수 있는 중용의 가치에도 관여하였으며, 인간에게 하늘과 땅의 원리를 통합하는 주체자로서의 책임을 부여하는 천지인 사상 또한 음양적 상상력의 소산이었다. 하지만, 남존여비로 상징되는 사회적 차등 의식 역시 이 음양적 사고로부터 배태된 것으로, 많은 차별과 고통의 원인이 되기도 하였다. 후천개벽사상은 음양적 상상력이 역사적 상상력과 결합한 것으로, 역사적 격변기에 중대한 사회적 동인을 제공하였다. 음양이론은 실용분야에도 막대한 영향을 끼치어 의학이나 풍수지리의 중심 사상으로 자리잡았다. 가장 극적인 성취는 언어학에서 일어났다. 한국 역사상 가장 창의적이며 획기적인 사건이라고 할 수 있는 한글의 창제가 바로 음양오행의 원리에 입각해서 이루어진 것이었다. 문학이나 음악, 미술, 무용 등 예술분야나, 건축이나 복식같은 실용예술에 이르기까지 음양적 상상력은 깊이, 그리고 광범위하게 적용되었다. 특히 음악은 음양이론을 빼고는 아무 것도 성립되지 않을 정도로 전체 체계가 음양이론에 의존해 있다. 다양한 예술에 적용된 음양적 상상력의 미학적 원리는 ‘양강의 미’와 ‘음유의 미’의 상보적 관계로 정리될 수 있다. 서구의 과학이 전해옴에 따라 청나라 말기와 조선 후기의 여러 지성들은 음양이론의 비과학성을 신랄히 지적하기도 하였다. 하지만, 음양적 상상력은 현대에까지도 면면히 작용하고 있을 뿐만 아니라, 새로운 생태적 사유의 보고로까지 주목되고 있다. 문학과 음악, 미술, 무용, 건축 등 여러 분야에 걸쳐 음양적 상상력은 오히려 새로운 생명력을 인정받고 있다. 한국문학사와 세계문학사를 해명하는 이론으로 정립된 조동일의 생극론은 음양론을 발달시킨 이론으로, 수입이론을 극복하는 자생적 이론 정립의 새로운 가능성을 제시한다. 음양적 상상력은 이론의 체계이기만 할 뿐만 아니라, 동시에 상상력의 체계로서, 무한히 새로운 창조의 원리로서 살려나갈 소중한 가치를 지니고 있다.

The idea of Yin Yang is one of the main idea of East Asian Culture; however, it is a kind of imagination rather than philosophy. There are three principles in the essence of the imagination of Yin Yang. The first is ontological imagination, which means opposition and creation. The second is active imagination, which means change and activity. The third is harmonious imagination, which means cycle and rhythm. These imaginations were widely applied to every field of East Asian culture. The virtue of moderation, which is the fundamental value in Confucianism, has come from the imagination of Yin and Yang. Also, the sexual discrimination was caused by Yin and Yang. On the other hand, the imagination of Yin Yang developed the idea of a reformed world. In that world after reformation, all the natural order would change ultimately, and Yin would become the prevailing power. In the practical area, there was much influence too. East Asian medical science and Feng-shui culture were based on Yin Yang theory. The most prominent event was inventing Korean alphabet Hangeul. Hangeul was established along the system of Yin Yang theory. The imagination of Yin Yang have had much infuence on music, fine art, dance, literature, architecture and design. Consequentially there were important aesthetical achievements. In modern society, Yin Yang still have influence. The most representitive case is Saeng Kuk Theory(生克論). We can say that the idea of Yin Yang is unscientific, but the thoughts of Yin Yang are imagination rather than science. The imagination can not be judged logically. It is the principle of creation. The imagination of Yin Yang as a principle of creation still has profound significance in modern society.

이 연구는 실과교육에서의 창의성 연구 동향과 전망을 알아보기 위한 것으로 2008년 5월까지 발표된 36편의 학술지 연구물을 대상으로 일반적 특성, 연구 유형, 연구 영역, 연구 내용에 따른 분석을 실시한 다음, 창의성에 대한 개념규정, 영역성, 측정 방법 등을 살펴봄으로써 실과 창의성 연구의 동향을 분석하는데 이 연구의 목적이 있다. 1986년 실과교육에서 창의성 연구가 시작된 이후 최근에는 매년 2~4편의 논문이 발표되고 있으며, 연구 유형별로는 실험연구, 개발연구, 문헌연구 순으로 많은 연구가 이루어졌으며, 연구 영역별로는 기술, 가정, 실과 전반에 관한 내용이 대부분을 차지했다. 연구 내용은 창의적 문제해결, 교수-학습 방법, 프로그램 개발에 관한 논문이 많았으며, 교과 창의성에 대한 체계적인 연구는 2001년 이후에는 실시되지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 창의성의 개념을 어떻게 보고 있는가를 분석한 결과, 대부분의 연구들은 창의성을 지적 특성, 종합적 특성, 문제해결 과정 등으로 인식하고 있었다. 영역성과 관련해서는 영역-일반성과 영역-특수성에 관한 연구가 대등하게 이루어져 왔으며, 최근에는 영역-특수성에 관한 연구들이 많이 이루어지고 있었다. 측정 방법과 관련하여 대부분의 연구들은 인지능력검사 도구만을 사용했으며, 이러한 단일 검사 도구의 측정 결과를 창의성 수준으로 일반화하여 사용하고 있었다. 실과교육에서 창의성의 연구 동향을 살펴보는 것은 지금까지의 연구 성과를 돌아보고 앞으로의 연구 방향을 점검해 본다는 측면에서 의미가 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this study was to analyzes the trend of Creativity Research in Practical Arts Education. 36 journal articles which printed until May 2008 were reviewed for the study. The major aspects of each study were : general characteristics, type of research, field of research, contents of research, concepts regulation of creativity, domain of creativity, measurement method. Since its beginning in 1986, 2-4 articles were introduced each year. experimental study, development study, literature study were sequentially higher depending on type of research, technology area, home economics area, entire area were taken mostly depending on field of research. depending on contents of research, creative problem solving, teaching and learning method, program development were sequentially higher. Systematic research on subject creativity were not performed since 2001. The analyzing result depending on concepts regulation of creativity, most researcher recognized creativity as Intellectual characteristics, comprehensive characteristics, problem-solving process. In the domain issue of creativity, the quantity between domain-general and domain-specific was similar, recently researches of domain-specific was higher. In the measurement method of creativity, most researches only use the cognitive ability test, and generalized it as creativity level. To analyzes the trend of Creativity Research in Practical Arts Education will be worthy in terms of looking back over the past research outcomes.

정보기술의 발달과 소비자 역량 강화를 바탕으로 프로슈머 활동은 활발히 이루어지고 있지만, 이에 대한 이론적 연구는 여전히 부족한 실정이다. 또한, 프로슈머 활동과 같이 소비자의 창의적인 참여에 영향을 미치는 개인 특성에 대한 연구는 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 본 연구는 프로슈머의 창의성이 프로슈머 활동에서의 감정적 성취(재미와 지적 자극)에 미 치는 영향과, 감정적 성취가 소비자-브랜드 관계에 미치는 영향을 살펴봄으로써 이론적 및 실무적 시사점을 제공하고자 한 다. 이를 위해 최근 프로슈머 활동에 참여한 경험이 있는 195명의 소비자 데이터를 수집하여 구조방정식 모형 분석을 진행 했다. 분석 결과, 창의성은 재미와 지적 자극에 강한 영향을 미치며, 재미와 지적 자극은 소비자-브랜드 관계에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 기존의 프로슈머 연구를 확장할 뿐만 아니라, 소비자들의 창의적 활동에 대 한 이론적 이해를 돕고, 소비자-브랜드 관계 형성에 창의적 활동을 활용할 수 있는 전략적 시사점을 제공한다.

The development of information technology and the empowerment of consumers have led to an increase in prosumer activities; however, theoretical research on this topic remains insufficient. Additionally, there has been little research on the individual characteristics that influence consumers' creative participation in prosumer activities. This study aims to provide theoretical and practical insights by examining how prosumers' creativity affects emotional achievements (such as fun and intellectual stimulation) in prosumer activities and how these emotional achievements impact consumer-brand relationships. To achieve this, data were collected from 195 consumers who have recently participated in prosumer activities, and structural equation modeling analysis was conducted. The results showed that creativity has a strong influence on fun and intellectual stimulation, and both fun and intellectual stimulation positively impact the consumer-brand relationship. These findings not only expand existing prosumer research but also contribute to the theoretical understanding of consumers' creative activities, offering strategic insights into leveraging creative activities for forming consumer-brand relationships.

본 논문은 인공지능(AI) 기술이 음악 창작에 미치는 변화와 AI 생성 음악의 창의성과 원작성 의 측정에 대해 연구한다. 현재 AI 음악 생성 기술의 발전상과 작동 원리를 소개하며, 창의성과 독 창성에 대한 현대적 이해를 바탕으로 기술 발전이 예술 가치에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 본 연구는 AI가 인간의 창작 과정을 모방, 때로는 초월하여 창의성과 독창성을 구현할 수 있는 잠재력을 지니 며, 이로 인해 예술 창작의 재정의와 예술 가치에 대한 복잡한 논의가 필요함을 주장한다. 결론적으 로, AI 음악 생성 기술은 예술을 정의하고 가치를 평가하는 방식에 근본적인 변화를 제안하며, 이는 기술적, 예술적, 철학적 관점을 아우르는 다학제적 접근을 통해 깊이 탐구되어야 할 중대한 사회적 함의를 내포한다.

This paper explores the revolutionary changes that Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology brings to music creation, along with the creativity and originality of AI-generated music. It introduces the current state of development and the operational principles of AI music generation technology, and analyzes the impact of technological advancements on the value of art, based on a contemporary understanding of creativity and originality. This study argues that AI possesses the potential to mimic and sometimes transcend human creative processes, embodying creativity and originality, thereby necessitating a redefinition of artistic creation and a complex discussion on the value of art. In conclusion, AI music generation technology proposes fundamental changes to the way art is defined and valued, embodying significant societal implications that require deep exploration through a multidisciplinary approach encompassing technological, artistic, and philosophical perspectives.