Earticle

본 연구는 지역아동센터와 초등돌봄교실의 협력에 관한 쟁점을 탐색하여 구체적인 협력방안을 모색하는데 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구는 다음과 같은 내용을 다루고 있다. 먼저, 지역아동센터와 초등돌봄교실의 역할을 살펴보고, 두 기관의 협력 필요성에 대해 고찰하였다. 다음으로, 지역아동센터와 초등돌봄교실의 운영 현황을 분석하고, 도출된 현황을 쟁점으로 협력방안에 대한 쟁점을 고찰하였다. 마지막으로 지역아동센터와 초등돌봄교실의 쟁점별 구체적인 협력 방안을 제시하면서 마무리 하였다. 본 연구는 돌봄에 대한 사회적 관심이 높아지고, 정부정책의 변동에 따라 초등돌봄교실이 확대되는 시점에 사적영역과 공적영역의 대표적인 돌봄기관의 협력방안 제공의 초석을 다질 수 있는 함의를 제공할 것으로 전망된다.

This research's purpose is to find practical proposal by exploring collaborative issues between Community Child Centre and Elementary Care Program. To achieve this research, follow the contents below. First, give a consideration about necessity of collaborative in between based on what Center and Program exactly does. Next, go through what solution can be apply to surface issues in current situation Center and Program has. And last closing up with suggestion for both sides in details. This research is exploring to be a base for both in private and public sector. Especially tome like now which public's eyes on Program is increasing and expending by government's plan change.

Recently, the economic cooperation between Republic of Korea and North Korea is ready to expand IT (Information Technology) field including the long‐term labor integrated trust processing forms. The IT exchange between Republic of Korea and North Korea will be made in the near future, then there is a lot of benefit to both copartners in the long‐term period: First, the IT of Republic of Korea and North Korea will be achieved in the collaborative development; Second, the homogeneity of a nation will bnd erecovered in the developing processes of IT exchanges between Republic of Korea aNorth Korea; Third, the expenses for their unification will be minimized to be in the natural occurring of the events and it will be effectively to minimize the contact‐expenses in the interexchanges between Republic of Korea and North Korea. As the IT field is fundamentally one of national industrial projects, an important traction may be filled in the role of propulsion for the cooperation between Republic of Korea and North Korea over their all fields such as politics, economics, society, culture, technology, and so on. In order to achieve the stable information of unified nation, it is necessary to get the homogeneous development of IT in Republic of Korea and North Korea. Their IT trends are currently going to do individually develop upon both their own environments and policies. There are appearing different development rates and trends in IT between Republic of Korea and North Korea due to their different policies and environments completely. The results affect the isomerism of IT terminology being essential to IT developments and their emotional life of the informational basis has showing coherently big different things. If the unification of Republic of Korea and North Korea would be made on the state of the non‐standardization and non‐unification of IT and IT terminology cling to those results, the collaborate developments of the IT between Republic of Korea and North Korea may be not expected and the internal struggling and economic confusion occurring due to their results may be concurrently come and appeared. The serious problems of emotional isomerism for the people's language (Korean, IT terminology, etc.) and culture in Republic of Korea and North Korea have been made due to their un‐unified state as long as a half‐century. As all we do achieve rapidly the standardization of language including IT terminology in a short period, our unified nation in Korean peninsula should be a proud and central economic country around the east‐northern Asia countries in the 21 IT century era on this world.

정보통신 기술이 빠르게 발전하면서 사회와 문화 전반에 많은 영향을 미치고 있음에도 전통문화에 대한 체계적인 분류 및 최신 검색 기능을 제공하는 시스템은 아직까지 제공되고 있지 않다. 따라서 본 논문은 전통문화 콘텐츠 분류체계를 수립하여 3D 연표를 자동으로 생성하고 시각화함으로써 사용자에게 체계적인 분류 및 검색 기능을 제공함과 동시에 융복합 서비스가 가능한 전통문화 검색 시스템을 개발하였다. 본 시스템은 전통문화 콘텐츠를 수집하는 기능, 수집된 전통문화 콘 텐츠를 분류 및 저장하는 기능, 저장된 전통문화 콘텐츠에 기반을 두어 3D 디지털 연표를 자동으로 생성하는 기능을 제공한 다. 또한, 시스템의 사용성 평가를 위해 시스템 만족도 설문지를 개발하였고 대학생 19명이 참여하여 시스템 사용성을 검증 하였다. 실험 결과, 시스템 만족도에서는 모든 문항이 평균적으로 ‘만족한다’는 결과를 보였다.

Despite the development of information and communication technology, which has a great impact on society and culture, there is no platform that provides a systematic classification and state-of-the-art information retrieval system on the traditional culture. Therefore, this paper developed a traditional culture retrieval system capable of convergence services with systematic classification and retrieval based on automatically generate and visualize the 3D timeline. This system provides the function of collecting traditional culture contents, classifying and storing collected traditional culture contents, and automatically generating 3D digital timeline based on stored traditional culture contents. In addition, a system satisfaction questionnaire was developed to evaluate the usability of the system, and 19 students participated in verifying the system. As a result of the experiment, the satisfaction of the system showed that all items were 'satisfied' on average.

몽골은 그동안 여타 국가에 비해 근대화 속도가 매우 느리며, 경제사정 또한 좋지 않다. 이러한 이유에는 정치적, 사회적인 이유도 있겠지만 성장을 할 수 있는 차세대동력산업이 취약하다는데 있다. 현재 몽골은 선진국에 대해 다양한 문호를 개방하여 성장동력산업을 모색하기 위해 선진문물을 받아들이고 발전을 모색하고 있다. 한국에서의 경주 또한 몽골과 같이 서울, 부산, 대구 등 여타도시의 발전에 비해 매우열악한 경제구조를 갖고 있다. 이에는 여러 가지 이유가 있겠지만, 무엇보다도 문화재보존지역으로 분류되어 각종 규제를 받고 있다는 데에 있다. 지방재정자립도가 26%인 경주시에서 1,604억원이라는 막대한 예산이 투입되는 만큼 경주시민들은 양성자가속기사업에 대해 매우 큰 기대를 걸고 있으며, 그동안 개발에서 소외되었던 경주시가 첨단과학도시로 탈바꿈할 수 있는 절호의 기회로 생각하고 있다. 이렇게 첨단과학기술은 그동안 낙후되고 정체되었던 지역에서 차세대성장동력으로 작용하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 낙후된 경주에서의 첨단과학기술이 어떻게 적용되고 있으며, 자원조달측면에서의 문제점이 무엇인지를 살펴봄으로써 몽고에서의 적용방안을 제시해보고자 한다.

High Technology Science Industry in Mongolia could develop a series of supporting programs including based on the policy options suggested by this research. The research results that are region- and field-based will make it easy for regional collaborative efforts to be materialized and will help to develop and support proton technology related industries. One of the major stake holders of this proton technology industry cluster could not only restructure its supporting programs for the proton technology project, but also integrate the policy options developed through this research into its strategic plans. Business environment for Proton technology related industries will be greatly improved by well-developed collaborative programs including proactive and supportive administrative services of municipal government, consulting and human resources development programs of regional universities, to name a few. A policy community of proton technology will be identified and formed as an outcome of this research and resultant organic collaborative relationship among diverse stake holders will be developed. The universities and colleges also should revise their strategic plans and thus restructure their internal academic programs, and must develop their own collaborative programs with Proton Engineering Frontier Project, related industries, and other government units. Not only educating, training, and providing top-notched man powers to the proton technology industries will be one of their primary missions.

This investigation explores the use of mixed-reality in collaborative diagnosis by sharing medical data in real-time between multiple physicians using Head-Mounted Display (HMD) devices. Object detection and alignment of the digitized data with the object are the backbone in any mixed-reality application. In this paper, deep-learning networks are used in detecting the patient’s face in the physical world and the medical data is aligned to the patient via the Region-Enhanced-Weight-and-Perturb Iterative-Closest-Point (RE-WAPICP) algorithm. Experiments were performed by sharing a 3D digital model of intracerebral vascular with multi-viewers in a mix-reality environment and the results show that this approach is feasible.

This study examines how collaborative translation has been approached in Korean scholarship and explores its conceptual framework and potential for development. Unlike in international research, where the term is more clearly defined, collaborative translation remains underused and insufficiently theorized in Korea. To address this gap, the study analyzes 254 academic papers to identify prevailing trends and limitations. Findings show that machine-centered approaches dominate (61.4%), focusing mainly on MT evaluation and translation education, while studies on professional collaboration between human translators and MT systems are relatively scarce. Human-centered studies (38%) encompass both multi-translator models—such as online collaboration, relay translation, and co-translation—and single-translator models involving collaboration with editors, proofreaders, clients, and others. Despite the widespread practice of co-translation, it remains underexplored in academic literature, exposing a gap between industry and academia. Existing classification models also fail to account for cases where a single translator assumes multiple roles, underscoring the need for a more nuanced framework that considers the intensity, stages, and dynamics of collaboration. This study highlights the need for a clearer and more comprehensive conceptualization of collaborative translation, and calls for future research that bridges theoretical insights with evolving technological and professional practices.

The purpose of this study is to establish an inter-institutional collaboration criterion model for lifelong education centers for persons with developmental disabilities to contribute more closely to independent living and quality of life based on their employment in terms of the principle and purpose of operating the curriculum. The research method was FGI for 5 professionals related to lifelong education and vocational training for PDDs. Participants selected for FGI are experts who have lectured on professional staff working at LECPDD or have served as job guidance for their PDDs. The contents of the study presented strategies to be established in order to activate the introduction of employment-based curriculum for learners in LECPDD. And these strategies were sought not at the level of LECPDD itself, but at the level of implementation of standards through collaboration between the workplace and KEAD. As a result of the study, the composition of the teaching and learning method of vocational training by the intervention of the employer belonging to the workplace was suggested for the introduction of the employment-based curriculum for the learners in LECPDD. Next, it was suggested that the field practice of learners to the workplace should be systematically organized by various types and levels such as reference and direct placement. The two criteria of employer intervention and field practice are activated by inter-agency collaboration, suggesting the possibility and strategy that employment services for individual learners through more active inter-agency collaboration can be prolonged around the adult life cycle. Through the results of this study, it was analyzed that the operation of the employment-based lifelong education curriculum for PDDs can be activated by the linkage and collaboration criteria between related institutions based on various types and perspectives rather than being introduced around a specific cycle or specific institution during adult life.

This research attempts to identify how members of an online community collaboratively engaged with particular social information behaviors and accomplished a defined collective action. While responding to the Sewol Ferry tragedy, MissyUSA members quickly communicated and mobilized a collective action, a full-page ad campaign in The New York Times. As a follow up study, this secondary analysis quantitatively analyzes the primary data from a previous study to explore potential relationships or underlying factors among the various identified information behaviors. In this study, nineteen of the previously identified information behaviors were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, yielding a total of eight factors. The two major factors of shared representation/collective identification and mobilizing resources verified the findings of the previous study and are in line with the findings typical of political science. The three factors of collaborative decision-making, reaction to tension, and brainstorming were factors that maximized communication and mobilization online, without any face-to-face communication or physical organization. Three emergent factors of outburst of dissent, boycott, and planning explained how members used negative emotions of anger, referential information for boycott, and incubated next collective actions. Through exploratory factor analysis, this study verifies and expands on the findings of the previous study by identifying several emergent factors that relate to the collaborative information behaviors of an online community engaged in a collective action.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are increasingly deployed across diverse domains such as surveillance, logistics, and disaster management. However, ensuring the?safety, security, and trustworthiness?of UAV operations remains a significant challenge, primarily due to vulnerabilities in centralized data processing architectures. Traditional UAV systems rely on remote cloud servers to perform machine learning (ML)-based analytics, which introduces issues such as data exposure, latency, scalability bottlenecks, and susceptibility to?cyberattacks?during data transmission and storage. These challenges underscore the urgent need for a decentralized, verifiable, and privacy-preser ving learning mechanism that can support collaborative UAV intelligence without centralized control. To address these limitations, this study proposes a blockchain-enabled distributed ML framework that facilitates secure, peer-to-peer collaboration among UAV nodes. The framework integrates blockchain’s immutable ledger and smart contracts with decentralized ML models, enabling UAVs to share and validate trained models rather than raw data. This ensures?data confidentiality, integrity, and transparency?throughout the learning process. A stacking-based ensemble mechanism is employed to enhance predictive performance through collaborative knowledge aggregation. The proposed system is experimentally validated using a collaborative intrusion detection (ID) scenario using the?KDD99 network attack data?set and real-world implementation. The results demonstrate significant improvements in detection accuracy, latency and F1-score compared to conventional centralized ML methods, achieving an average accuracy of 97.9%, latency 198ms, and F1-score exceeding 97%. These outcomes confirm that the integration of blockchain and decentralized ML effectively mitigates cybersecurity risks while enabling scalable, trustworthy UAV intelligence.

Purpose: To develop a comprehensive framework for evaluating the core competencies of nursing facultywithin the realm of international collaborative education, aiming to establish clear criteria for recruitment,training, and teaching assessment that will enhance the sustainability and quality of internationalnursing education programs. Methods: Drawing on the principles of "cross-cultural theory,” "role theory,” and the "iceberg competencymodel,” this study utilized a mixed-methods approach, including literature review,semi-structured interviews, work logs, the Delphi method, and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) todetermine the content and weight of core competency indicators for nursing faculty in internationalcollaborative education. Results: A core competency framework for nursing educators in international collaborative programswas developed through two rounds of expert consultations, resulting in 7 primary indicators, 15 secondaryindicators, and 55 tertiary indicators. The primary indicators are as follows: international nursingprofessional competency (.37), humanistic care (.23), teaching quality management and enhancement(.12), critical thinking ability (.10), internationalization in research and collaboration (.08), internationalnursing management and collaboration (.06), and informatics capabilities (.05). The framework's reliabilitywas validated using analytic hierarchy process, with authority coefficients ranging from .92 to .94. Conclusion: The established framework for evaluating the core competencies of nursing faculty underthe auspices of international collaborative education is scientifically robust, comprehensive, and detailed. It serves to delineate the capabilities required of nursing educators in international collaborative settings,offering educational institutions a basis for recruitment, training, and instructional assessment. Thisfacilitates the sustainable advancement of international collaborative nursing education.

We address the issues of difference in latency tolerance with heterogeneous IoT users from ground and aviation space by proposing a collaborative satellite terrestrial EDGE computing network. Based on the variability in latency tolerance we propose three offloading schemes under two distinctive scenarios. Optimization in resource sharing while offloading is carried out by adopting DDPG-based actor-critic framework which is suggested as a suitable algorithm by recent studies. We validated the schemes evaluating four performance parameters. Results showed that schemes that tolerate delays between 0.25 to 2.00 s outperformed other schemes in terms of reward, delay and energy consumption.

Recent advancements in Deep Learning (DL) techniques for fire detection have mitigated various ecological, economic, and environmental impacts. However, single models in existing literature often perform poorly due to their inability to capture relevant features with limited data. In this study, we therefore develop an innovative framework for effective fire detection using teacher-student collaborative knowledge distillation. The framework comprises two main components: the teacher model, which leverages a pretrained InceptionV3, and a customized student model designed to inherit the knowledge from the pretrained InceptionV3 to a pruned student model. The proposed network is evaluated and compared against several competitive techniques using two datasets, MAFire and Yar, with different evaluation metrics, offering higher performance and lower computational cost.

Despite a myriad of studies documenting the educational benefits of digital storytelling (DST) on EFL learners’ language mastery, the majority of the research is not grounded in the theory of L2 instruction, say task based language teaching (TBLT). To fill this void, this action research involving 28 students investigated the efficacy of collaborative DST-based task in an Indonesian EFL writing classroom. Anchored in collaborative TBLT methodology instruction of Willis (1996) that met a set of task criteria coined by Ellis (2009), this study aimed to unveil the effect of collaborative DST-based task on the students’ writing skills; how the students perceived the use of the learning approach; and the challenges they encountered. The statistical evidence indicates that there was a significant difference on the students’ pre- and post-writing scores, which indicates that the use of collaborative DST-based task significantly improved students’ writing skills. The writing students perceived that the learning design could promote their English Language skills Development, engagement, motivation, and interpersonal relation. Another finding revealed that the students found the technological and pedagogical circumstances were their challenges. This study offers implications and recommendations for future research and practices for marrying TBLT and technology in ELT classrooms.

과거 전염병예방의 시대를 헬스케어 1.0시대로, 질병치료중심의 시대를 헬스케어 2.0시대로 정 의 할 때 헬스케어 3.0시대는 개인별 예방, 진료, 치료, 재활 및 일상생활 관리 등 개인별 맞춤 건강수명연장과 의료비 경감의 니즈 충족을 목표로 효율적 협업과 자원관리가 점점 더 중요해 지고 있다. 각종 의료 서비스, 의료지원, 행정업무의 통합지원 정보통신기술로 온라인 정보, 정 보 및 지식을 공유하여 여러 의료서비스, 의료서비스 지원 및 원무 행정업무 합치를 하여 의료 기관내의 전 조직구성원의 성과를 높이고 있다. 이러한 지원 체계 시스템 구현을 을 위해서는 복잡한 의료업무의 실세계를 단순하고 명료하 게 표현하고, 불필요한 부분은 생략하여 단순하고 합리적이고 유연한 형태로 모델링하고, 체계 적 문서화 표준화 기반으로 표현가능 해야 한다. 본 논문은 이러한 동기에서 의료 협업 병원전 사적 자원관리 시스템 개발을 위한 구성단위 (Component) 지향 방안을 제시하였다. 더불어 의 료기관의 변화환경과 조직의 방향이 다이나믹하게 변동하는 진화적 의료 협업 자원관리의 특성 을 수용하기 위해, 재사용가능한 구성단위를 활용하였다. 이는 의료기관의 역량 기반의 미션과 참여자 역할간의 관계의 정의, 분석을 통해 논리적인 단 계에서 역할의 정보와 내역을 구성단위로 만들어, 동적으로 변화하는 협동적 자원관리 요구사항 대응을 구성단위 재사용성을 통해 유지보수 및 구현기간을 빠르게하고 그 시장성(Marketability) 을 향상시킬 수 있다.

Collaboration is becoming increasingly crucial in the era of healthcare 3.0. The organizations struggle to share data, information as well as knowledge on a real-time basis, based on information and communications technology (ICT) for the integration of various medical services, medical supports and administrative tasks. Spontaneously various studies are performed in collaboration and resources planning to improve the performance of hospital organizations. With this motivation, this paper examines the background and existing research of CHRP and developed a prototype based on component approach. The proposed methodology adopts mission and component modeling perspectives. The mission-driven perspective focuses on capturing requirements for a hospital community by defining collaborative missions of medical professionals and relationships. On the other hand, the component perspective focuses on the consistent and systematic development of the component artifacts required in implementation.

2018년 9월, 3년여 만에 다시 중동호흡기증후군 확진자가 발생함으로써 2015년 메르스 사태에 대한 공포가 다시금 우리 사회를 덮쳤다. 이 논문은 협력적 거버넌스를 살펴보고, 2015년 메르스 사태와 2018년 상황에 근거하여 2015년 메르스 사태와 이후에 변화된 협력적 거버넌스를 재조명 하였다. 보다 나은 협력적 거버넌스를 위해서, 각 구성원들이 정책 결정 과정에 참여하여 보다 명확한 사전⋅사후적인 예방과 대처를 위한 법과 규칙을 만들어내며, 구성원들의 ‘Lake Wobegon Effect’를 줄이고, 양질의 전문 인력을 확충하기 위한 보다 다양한 홍보와, 적극적인 인재 육성을 위한 투자를 하고, 구성원들의 업무조정 및 구성원의 희생에 대한 적절한 보상 및 그들의 스트레스 를 관리하는 것이 필요하다. 또한, 단기간 다수 조직간 협력을 이끌어내기 위하여, 군과 민간조직을 이용하여 감염병 관련 시설을 확충하고 정비하며, 이를 위한 예산을 다양한 경로를 통해서 확충하고, 국내는 물론 국제적인 협조와 의사소통 등을 지원 및 조정할 수 있는 촉진적 리더십이 필수적이다.

After defining collaborative governance, this study identifies governance problems and resolutions. This study claims: Governance actors should collectively formulate clearer regulations for disease prevention and response. Governments need to prevent the Lake Wobegon Effect and invest to recruit medical experts to grow the number of medical experts available in the field. Governments need to organize their employees’ labor, compensate them for their sacrifice, and manage their stress. Governments should collaborate with private organizations and the military to mobilize their collective resources quickly. To support this collaboration, governments need to expand their budgets via various routes. Guided by facilitative leadership, domestic and international agencies should collaborate and communicate to expand and diversify their information and financial support.

This study investigated peer-to-peer interaction during collaborative, computer-mediated reading tasks. Fourteen university EFL students in Korea worked in pairs to complete three gapfill tasks. The transcript data from these tasks were analyzed to determine: (1) how often collaboration occurs during collaborative reading tasks, (2) the ways in which peers help each other, and (3) how successful peers are in resolving the problems they collaboratively pursue. The results showed that each of these aspects of interaction varied among sets of pairs. On average, however, the participants collaborated to jointly solve 75% of the problems they encountered. They also used a range of helping behaviors during collaboration. While the participants correctly resolved nearly half of the problems they attempted, half were incorrectly answered or unresolved. Based on these findings, pedagogical implications are offered, in addition to suggestions for future research into collaborative reading tasks.

본 연구에서는 협력 네트워크 차원에서의 북한이탈주민의 정착 지원 프로그램 구조를 살펴보기 위한 연구이다. 북한이탈주민의 누적 인구분포가 지속적으로 증가함에 따라 이를 수용할 수 있는 시설과 프로그램의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 각 지방정부들은 지역 설정에 맞는 서비스를 제공하기 위해 지역별 사회복지단체와 연대하여 북한이탈주민들의 서비스를 제공하고자 노력하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 각 협력기관들간의 북한이탈주민들의 정착지원과 관련된 정보교환망의 협력 네트워크 구조를 살펴봄과 동시에 이들의 연계패턴을 분석하고자 한다. 이를 측정하기 위해 네트워크 속성, 네트워크 결속, 중앙성(centrality), 결집집단(cohesion), 구조적 등위성(CONCOR) 등을 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 향후 정보교류 및 제공의 차원에서 보다 낳은 서비스 제공을 위해서는 이들의 관계를 재조정할 필요가 있고, 이에 이를 조정할 수 있는 책임있는 기관 및 중재자가 요청됨을 발견하였다. 따라서, 중앙정부, 지방정부, 민간단체, 지역기업 및 사회적 기업 간의 협력 네트워크에 있어 사회통합 모니터링 센터를 중심으로 소통영역, 신뢰영역, 협력영역, 기회 영역별로 정보교환을 원활하게 할 수 있게 구축되어야 한다. 향후에는 정부주도 민간 보조형으로 사회 정착 지원에 상당한 역할을 보완할 필요가 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 이러한 밀도, 중앙성, 응집성, 구조적 등위성 등을 분석함으로써 북한이탈주민의 정착지원의 네트워크의 중심과 협력성에 대한 정책적 시사점을 도출 및 제안하였다.

This study seeks to illustrate the structure of settlement support program for North Korean defectors applying the concept of collaborative network. Network features, unity, centrality, cohesion and structural equivalence are measured which would explain collaboration network structure on information exchange among settlement support programs for North Korean defectors and collaborating organizations as to identify the structural characteristics. It is found that reliable organization or mediator is in need for coordination among themselves. Therefore, collaborative network among central government, local government and social corporation should be established around social cohesion monitoring center with an emphasis on information exchange through communication, trust, collaboration and opportunity. Also, it turns out that settlement support system should be improved in order to seek for government taking the initiative and private sector providing assistance. By analyzing density, centrality, cohesion and structural equivalence, policy implications are drawn for the core and collaboration of settlement support network.